Criteria by FormatCriteria by Format

Chapter 10Chapter 10

FormatsFormats

►Selection processSelection process How media specialist should view format How media specialist should view format

characteristicscharacteristics Make decisions based upon criteria Make decisions based upon criteria

related to each formatrelated to each format

AudiorecordingsAudiorecordings

►Audio cassettes / CD’sAudio cassettes / CD’s►ExamplesExamples

““Books on tape (CD)”Books on tape (CD)” Musical CD’sMusical CD’s Storytelling recordingsStorytelling recordings Poetry readingsPoetry readings

AudiorecordingsAudiorecordings

►AdvantagesAdvantages PortablePortable Wide-range availableWide-range available Students find it appealingStudents find it appealing Aid to reluctant readersAid to reluctant readers

►DisadvantagesDisadvantages Extended time may be boringExtended time may be boring Not practical for large groupsNot practical for large groups CD’s and tapes easily stolenCD’s and tapes easily stolen

AudiorecordingsAudiorecordings

►Selection criteriaSelection criteria High quality sound; interesting narrationHigh quality sound; interesting narration Appropriate time durationAppropriate time duration Compatible with available equipmentCompatible with available equipment Includes user’s guideIncludes user’s guide

BooksBooks

►AdvantagesAdvantages PortablePortable Wide range of topicsWide range of topics No equipment neededNo equipment needed

►DisadvantagesDisadvantages Movement not easily demonstratedMovement not easily demonstrated Little interactionLittle interaction Certain reading-level skills neededCertain reading-level skills needed

BooksBooks

►Selection criteriaSelection criteria Weight, print size appropriateWeight, print size appropriate Opaque paperOpaque paper Spacing between wordsSpacing between words Attractive/representative book jacketAttractive/representative book jacket Illustrations useful and appropriateIllustrations useful and appropriate

CD-ROMsCD-ROMs

►AdvantagesAdvantages Large memory storageLarge memory storage Quick information retrievalQuick information retrieval Durable, portableDurable, portable

►DisadvantagesDisadvantages Need computer or CD-ROM playerNeed computer or CD-ROM player Information cannot be updated or changedInformation cannot be updated or changed Limited use – one student or small groupLimited use – one student or small group

CD-ROMsCD-ROMs

►Selection criteriaSelection criteria Updates, cost effective, annual fee, licenseUpdates, cost effective, annual fee, license On-screen tutorialsOn-screen tutorials User friendly – good table of contents or User friendly – good table of contents or

menumenu Fast access to informationFast access to information High quality graphics, audio, videoHigh quality graphics, audio, video Fits specific need not available in other Fits specific need not available in other

formatsformats

Computer softwareComputer software

►AdvantagesAdvantages Creative problem solving, drill and practiceCreative problem solving, drill and practice Self-paced interactionsSelf-paced interactions Rapid information retrievalRapid information retrieval Enhance student/teacher presentationsEnhance student/teacher presentations

►DisadvantagesDisadvantages Teachers may be reluctant to useTeachers may be reluctant to use Software/equipment incompatibilitySoftware/equipment incompatibility More programs appeal to boysMore programs appeal to boys

Computer softwareComputer software

►Selection criteriaSelection criteria Compatible with equipmentCompatible with equipment Content more appropriate than in other Content more appropriate than in other

formatsformats User locus of controlUser locus of control On-screen instructions clear and On-screen instructions clear and

understandableunderstandable

DVDsDVDs

►AdvantagesAdvantages 7x storage space of CD-ROMs7x storage space of CD-ROMs Near-studio quality video and HQ audioNear-studio quality video and HQ audio Instant searching/high quality freeze Instant searching/high quality freeze

framingframing Compact and Closed-captionedCompact and Closed-captioned

►DisadvantagesDisadvantages Some TV’s cannot handle claritySome TV’s cannot handle clarity Poorly compressed video or audio may be Poorly compressed video or audio may be

distorteddistorted

DVDsDVDs

►Selection criteriaSelection criteria Quality of contentQuality of content Discs and players compatibleDiscs and players compatible Age appropriatenessAge appropriateness

GamesGames

►AdvantagesAdvantages Problem solving scenariosProblem solving scenarios Simulate realistic situationsSimulate realistic situations High interest from learnersHigh interest from learners

►DisadvantagesDisadvantages Time consumingTime consuming Limited number of playersLimited number of players Can distort social situationsCan distort social situations Educational value lackingEducational value lacking

GamesGames

►Selection criteriaSelection criteria Store easily/pieces neatly storedStore easily/pieces neatly stored Items durable/replaceableItems durable/replaceable Clear directionsClear directions Computer needed/compatibleComputer needed/compatible

Graphic materialsGraphic materials

►Tables, posters, charts, cartoons, Tables, posters, charts, cartoons, graphs, pictures, etc.graphs, pictures, etc.

►AdvantagesAdvantages Inexpensive; widely availableInexpensive; widely available Enhance physical details and understandingEnhance physical details and understanding

►DisadvantagesDisadvantages Sizes/distances distortedSizes/distances distorted Visual literacy requiredVisual literacy required Motion can only be suggestedMotion can only be suggested

Graphic materialsGraphic materials

►Selection criteriaSelection criteria Concise informationConcise information Less-important elements de-emphasizedLess-important elements de-emphasized Lettering clear and legibleLettering clear and legible Sizing large enough for intended Sizing large enough for intended

audience/distanceaudience/distance

KitsKits

►AdvantagesAdvantages Various formats related to specific topic Various formats related to specific topic

combined in one packagecombined in one package May aid differing learning stylesMay aid differing learning styles

►DisadvantagesDisadvantages May included different age level materialMay included different age level material May duplicate other items in collectionMay duplicate other items in collection Costly; individual parts not replaceableCostly; individual parts not replaceable

KitsKits

►Selection criteriaSelection criteria Relationship among its partsRelationship among its parts Special equipment needed?Special equipment needed? Directions clearDirections clear Does it fill a unique purpose?Does it fill a unique purpose? You may choose to create a kit from You may choose to create a kit from

existing materials in collectionexisting materials in collection

Newspapers/DatabasesNewspapers/Databases

►See pages 166-170.See pages 166-170.

PamphletsPamphlets

►AdvantagesAdvantages Inexpensive or freeInexpensive or free Additional copies usually easily obtainedAdditional copies usually easily obtained Provide a variety of viewpointsProvide a variety of viewpoints

►DisadvantagesDisadvantages Easily misplaced due to size/formatEasily misplaced due to size/format Flimsy constructionFlimsy construction May contain advertising/biasMay contain advertising/bias

PeriodicalsPeriodicals

►AdvantagesAdvantages Promotes leisure readingPromotes leisure reading Suggest activitiesSuggest activities Serve professional clientsServe professional clients

►DisadvantagesDisadvantages Circulation controlsCirculation controls Magazines disappearMagazines disappear Storage may be an issueStorage may be an issue

PeriodicalsPeriodicals

►Selection criteriaSelection criteria Content interesting to students/teachersContent interesting to students/teachers Well-organized topicsWell-organized topics Illustrations pertinentIllustrations pertinent Electronic versions offer same coverageElectronic versions offer same coverage

►Back issuesBack issues Discard or storeDiscard or store Pattern of usePattern of use

VideosVideos

►Also see DVDsAlso see DVDs►AdvantagesAdvantages

Illustrates moving concepts wellIllustrates moving concepts well Familiar format to usersFamiliar format to users Fairly durableFairly durable

►DisadvantagesDisadvantages Need a big screen for multiple viewersNeed a big screen for multiple viewers Some very expensiveSome very expensive

WebsitesWebsites

►AdvantagesAdvantages Worldwide informationWorldwide information Fast, inexpensiveFast, inexpensive Links to related informationLinks to related information

►DisadvantagesDisadvantages No classification schemeNo classification scheme May not be updatedMay not be updated May not be age appropriateMay not be age appropriate

WebsitesWebsites

►Selection criteriaSelection criteria See pg. 185 for listSee pg. 185 for list

►Copyright implicationsCopyright implications

ConclusionsConclusions

►Material selectionMaterial selection Who will use themWho will use them What format is preferredWhat format is preferred Appropriate equipment availableAppropriate equipment available Relevance of new formats and Relevance of new formats and

technologiestechnologies

from The Collection Program in Schools, by Van from The Collection Program in Schools, by Van Orden and Bishop, 3Orden and Bishop, 3rdrd edition, 2001. edition, 2001.

ActivitiesActivities

►Choose any item that you would like to Choose any item that you would like to consider adding to your collection. consider adding to your collection. Using the appropriate format selection Using the appropriate format selection criteria checklist from chapter 10, criteria checklist from chapter 10, answer each question using your item, answer each question using your item, and explain if you would add the item and explain if you would add the item based on the criteria.based on the criteria.

►Locate a website and complete the Locate a website and complete the selection criteria checklist on pg. 185.selection criteria checklist on pg. 185.