crew resource management : general
TRANSCRIPT
CREW RESOURCE MANAGEMENTC R M: GENERAL
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BACKGROUNDAND
HISTORY
ICAO RESOLUTION 1986
To improve safety in aviation by making States more aware and responsive to the importance of Human factors in civil aviation operations through the provision of practical human factors material and measures developed on the basis of experience in States
Accidents/Incidents Analysis Compelling Observations on Causes
• Ineffective Communication• Inadequate Leadership• Poor Group Decision Making
70 %
Accidents/Incidents
EVOLUTION OF
CRM TRAINING CONCEPTS
CRM TRAINING: CONCEPTFirst generation Initiated by United Airlines in 1981Focus was on Psychological Testing Leadership Inter Personal SkillsAlso recognised that the Training was not a single event and needed periodic recurrent training
Reluctance amongst Pilots to accept the training programme
CRM TRAINING: CONCEPTSecond generation (1986) Airlines had gained experience in CRM NASA conducted Workshop Points that emerged• CRM would get embedded in the Basic Training• Crew -> Cockpit Resource management• Additional concepts of Briefing Strategies,
Situational Awareness, Stress Management, Team Building etc emerged
Acceptance by aircrew improved
CRM TRAINING: CONCEPT
Third generation (1990)
• CRM Training integrated with Technical Training• CRM issues addressed Flight Deck Automation• Human Factors• Extended to other crew/personnel• Joint Cabin/Cockpit CRM training• Advanced CRM Training concepts
CRM TRAINING: CONCEPT
Fourth Generation
• Integrate CRM in regular procedures• Concept of Advanced Qualification Programme• Integrate CRM and LOFT Training to Technical
Training• Airlines could voluntarily adapt AQP• Integrate CRM into Checklists• Effectiveness Evaluation Procedure
Director General of Civil Aviation
Advisory Circular 8 of 2009For Air Operators
Lays down the procedures for conduct of CRM Training
SYLLABUS
COMMUNICATIONOne definition of communication is “any act by which one person gives to or receives from another person information about that person's needs, desires, perceptions, knowledge, or affective states. Communication may be intentional or unintentional, may involve conventional or unconventional signals, may take linguistic or non-linguistic forms, and may occur through spoken or other modes.
LEADERSHIP
TEAM WORK
DECISION MAKING
ERROR MANAGEMENT
SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
STRESS AND FATIGUE
AUTOMATION
CREW RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Thank You
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