creole and pidgin languages. general characteristics
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This PPT presents Pidgin and Creole Languages, its general characteristics, as well as some peculiar features, varieties and examples. Hope you'd like it! Enjoy!TRANSCRIPT
Pidgin and Creole Languages
Malaki Marina, 3LM3
Issues to discuss
Pidgin language: general characteristics and peculiar features, varieties
Creole Languages : general characteristics, theories of creolization
Structural characteristics of PL and CL.
Pidgin Language
is a simplified form of speech formed out of one or more existing languages and used by people who have no other language in common.
is nobody's mother tongue, and it is not a real language at all: it has no elaborate grammar, it is very limited in what it can convey, and different people speak it differently (R.L. Trasc, Language and Linguistics: The Key Concepts, 2007)
Pidgin -
originally used to describe Chinese Pidgin English, was later generalized to refer any pidgin.
Creole Tok Pisin = talk Pidgin
Usually have limited power and do not last long(Pidgin Russian in Manchuria disappeared when
Russian settlers left China after WWII )
Varieties of Pidgin
18 Pidgins used around the world (4 extinct and many in the process of disappearing)
Chinglish
Chinese Pidgin English
Originated as lingua franca for trade between British and Chinese people.
1839 – began to decline in the late 19
Chinglish
Chinglish
Chinglish
Chinglish
Other Varieties:Maroon Spirit Language (Jamaica, West
Africa, )West African Pidgin (West Africa, Equatorial
Guinea, Sierra Leone )African Pidgin (su-su= gossip, pyaa-
pyaa=sickly, koro-koro=clear vision, doti-doti=garbage, yama-yama=disgusting)
you sabi do am? = do you know how to do it?
Hawaiian Pidgin
Was influenced by: English, Portuguese, Cantonese, Hawaiian, Korean , Philippine, Mexican
"People no like t'come fo' go wok." = People don't want to have him go to work
"Inside dirt and cover and blanket, finish" = "They put the body in the ground and
covered it with a blanket and that's all."
Peculiar characteristics of PL:
Simple Grammar (ex. 2 prepositions – blong= of,for , long= all the other)
Very small vocabulary (Chinglish=700 words, gras blong het=hair)
Creole Languages-
developed in colonial European plantation settlements in the 17th and 18th centuries as a result of contact between groups that spoke mutually unintelligible languages.
Since the 1930s some linguists have
claimed that creoles emerged from pidgins
Theories of Creolization
Substrate (languages previously spoken by enslaved Africans)
Superstrate (colonial nonstandard varieties of the European languages )
Universalist (universals of language development , developed by adults according to universals of second language acquisition)
Pidgins/Creoles
Pidgins have no native speakers; creoles have native speakers.
Pidgins have a limited range of uses; creoles have a considerably expanded range of uses.
Pidgins typically evolve out of contact situations; creoles evolve out of pidgins.
Pidgins/Creoles
Just 5 vowels in Pidginalmost complete lack of inflection in nouns,
pronouns , verbs and adjectives.Nouns are not marked for number and gender Negation may only include a single particle no.Vocabulary similar to standard language