covalent bonding when an atom of one nonmetal shares one or more electrons with an atom of another...

COVALENT BONDINGCOVALENT BONDING

When an atom of one nonmetalshares one or more electrons

with an atom of another nonmetal so both atoms

end up witheight valence electrons


IS THE COMPOUND A COVALENT COMPOUND?

NONMETALNONMETAL NONMETAL

YES since it is made of only nonmetal elementsYES since it is made of only nonmetal elements

NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDSNAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS

USE THE PREFIX METHODUSE THE PREFIX METHOD


1 = MONO 6 = HEXA1 = MONO 6 = HEXA

2 = DI2 = DI 7 = HEPTA 7 = HEPTA

3 = TRI3 = TRI 8 = OCTA 8 = OCTA

4 = TETRA4 = TETRA 9 = NONA 9 = NONA

5 = PENTA 10 = DECA5 = PENTA 10 = DECA


1.1. Name the first element in the compoundName the first element in the compound

2.2. Write the prefix on the name that matches Write the prefix on the name that matches the subscript number in the formula for the the subscript number in the formula for the compoundcompound

3.3. Repeat these steps until you have done all Repeat these steps until you have done all of the elements in the compoundof the elements in the compound

4.4. Change the ending of the name of the last Change the ending of the name of the last element to end in “-ide”element to end in “-ide”



C = carbonC = carbon 4 = tetra4 = tetra

So CSo C44 = = tetratetracarboncarbon



S = sulfurS = sulfur 7 = hepta7 = hepta

So SSo S77 = = heptaheptasulfursulfur



Br = bromineBr = bromine 3 = tri3 = tri So Br = So Br = tritribrominebromine



O = oxygenO = oxygen 1 = mono 1 = mono

So So OO = = monomonoxygenxygen



P = phosphorusP = phosphorus 9 = nona9 = nona

So PSo P99 = = nonanonaphosphorusphosphorus


Put all of the parts together to get the Put all of the parts together to get the final name of the compoundfinal name of the compound


TetraTetracarbon carbon heptaheptasulfur sulfur tritribromine bromine monomonoxygen xygen nonanonaphosphorusphosphorus

This is almost right. The ending on the last elementThis is almost right. The ending on the last element

in the name needs to be changed to “-ide”in the name needs to be changed to “-ide”

so the final correct name would beso the final correct name would beTetraTetracarbon carbon heptaheptasulfur sulfur tritribromine bromine monomonoxygen xygen nonanonaphosphphosph ide

WRITING FORMULAS FOR COVALENT WRITING FORMULAS FOR COVALENT COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS

1.1. Write the symbol for the first element in Write the symbol for the first element in the compoundthe compound

2.2. To write the subscript, use the number To write the subscript, use the number that matches the prefix for the first that matches the prefix for the first elementelement

3.3. Continue until you have used all of the Continue until you have used all of the elements in the compoundelements in the compound


tricarbon pentanitrogen octoflourine dioxidetricarbon pentanitrogen octoflourine dioxide

tritricarbon = Ccarbon = C33

pentapentanitrogen = Nnitrogen = N55

octooctoflourineflourine == FF88

didioxide = Ooxide = O22



Put the pieces together and the formula forPut the pieces together and the formula forTricarbon pentanitrogen octoflourine dioxideTricarbon pentanitrogen octoflourine dioxide

becomesbecomes

EXCEPTIONSEXCEPTIONS

When a chemical formula starts with When a chemical formula starts with hydrogen, the hydrogen atom is acting like hydrogen, the hydrogen atom is acting like

an ion and the compound is IONIC, not an ion and the compound is IONIC, not covalent.covalent.

ACIDS have special names based on their ACIDS have special names based on their formulasformulas

ACID NAMESACID NAMES

HCl is hydrochloric acidHCl is hydrochloric acid

HNOHNO33 is nitric acid is nitric acid

HH22SOSO44 is sulfuric acid is sulfuric acid

HH33POPO44 is phosphoric acid is phosphoric acid

REVIEW QUESTIONSREVIEW QUESTIONS

1.1. What part of the atom is involved in What part of the atom is involved in covalent bonding?covalent bonding?

2.2. Covalent compounds are made of Covalent compounds are made of elements that are both ___________.elements that are both ___________.

3.3. If you see prefixes in the name of a If you see prefixes in the name of a compound, it means it’s bonding is compound, it means it’s bonding is ______________________

REVIEW QUESTIONSREVIEW QUESTIONS

4.4. What is the chemical name for C What is the chemical name for C77HH33BrBr66??

5.5. What is the chemical name for HWhat is the chemical name for H22O?O?

6.6. What is the chemical formula for monosulfur What is the chemical formula for monosulfur dioxide?dioxide?

7.7. What is the chemical formula for trinitrogen What is the chemical formula for trinitrogen hexaflourine disulfur monophosphide?hexaflourine disulfur monophosphide?

covalent bonding when an atom of one nonmetal shares one or more electrons with an atom of another...

Documents