country report: philippines · p. monodon p. vannamei i 39 1 0 1 0 0 14 55 ... used, species,...

Country Report: PhilippinesSimeona E. Regidor and Sonia S. Somga

[email protected]

Aquatic AMR Workshop 1: 10-11 April 2017, Mangalore, India

FMM/RAS/298: Strengthening capacities, policies and national action plans on

prudent and responsible use of antimicrobials in fisheries

PHILIPPINE FISHERIES PRODUCTION (2015)

Sector Quantity (MT) % to Total

1. Aquaculture 2,348,161 50.5%

2. Municipal Fisheries 1,216,526

26.2

3. Commercial Fisheries 1,084,624 23.3

Aquaculture Sector

Species Quantity (MT)

Percent

Seaweeds 1,566,362 66.7

Milkfish 384,425 16.37

Tilapia 261,210 11.12

Shrimps/prawns 52,124 2.22

Others 84,040 3.58

Major Species Produced in Aquaculture Fisheries, 2015

LEGAL MANDATE

PROTECTION FROM ADULTERANT

BFAR AS FOOD SAFETY REGULATORY AGENCY

COMPLIANCE WITH GOOD AQUACULTURE PRACTICE

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1. Siting & Design

2. Facility & Sanitation

3. Water use

4. Farm Mgt.

5. Feeds & Feeding

6. Mortalities

7. Disease

8. Drugs & Chemicals

9. Harvesting & Transport

10. Biodiversity

11. Animal welfare

12. Labor & community

9 Chemical Use

Addresses the issues and requirements on using drugs and

chemicals. It covers the potential risks associated in handling drugs &

chemicals

GAqP- 9. Chemical Use

9.1Veterinary drugs, medicated feeds, chemical andbiological substances should be obtained fromregistered and authorized manufacturers and suppliersand should be used only when necessary.

9.2Veterinary drugs, medicated feeds, chemical and biological substances should only be those permitted and registered according to national regulations.

GAqP- 9. Chemical Use

9.3 Drug residues should not be present in the body of fish by observing withdrawal period to ensure that the maximum residue level (MRL) is acceptable based on the standards set by Codex or trading partners.

9.4 Substances requiring prescription should only be used under adequate supervision by a qualified expert or a trained technician. Non-prescription substances should be used according to manufacturer’s instructions and as specified on the label.

Central

Office

Region III - 32

Region II - 17

Region IX

- 43

Region -

48

Cordillera Autonomous

Region - 7

Region V - 24

Region VIII - 15Region VI - 58

Region VII - 18

Region XI - 15

Region XIII - 3

Region X - 8

Region XII - 14

Region IV - 56

ARMM - 6

Registered Aquaculture Farm as of 31 January 2017

RegionSpecies Cultured Total Number of

Registered Aquaculture FarmMilkfish

ShrimpTilapia Pompano Lobster Polyculture

P. monodon P. vannameiI 39 1 0 1 0 0 14 55II 0 0 1 14 0 0 2 17III 2 0 0 0 1 0 29 32

IV-A 7 2 9 9 0 0 0 27IV-B 0 0 2 2 0 0 25 29

V 0 1 0 2 0 0 21 24VI 32 3 19 0 0 0 4 58VII 1 5 5 0 0 0 7 18VIII 5 5 1 0 0 1 3 15IX 7 1 0 1 0 0 34 43X 0 3 0 0 0 0 5 8XI 5 0 0 3 0 0 7 15XII 2 8 0 0 0 0 4 14

XIII-CARAGA 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3ARMM 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 6

CAR 0 0 0 6 0 0 1 7TOTAL 101 29 37 40 1 1 162

TOTAL 371

National Residue Monitoring Program

o Drugs/Chemicals that are possibly applied in aquaculture that cause negative effects to the consumer, on-target aquatic species and the environment

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Detecting all illegal treatments particularly the banned antibiotics

Controlling compliance with the maximum residue limits (MRL) for residue of veterinary drugs and other substances

Specific Objectives:

o BFAR Administrative Circular No. 256, Series of 2015 – Declaring malachite green and gentian violet as health hazards and prohibiting their use in food fish production and trade

o DA Administrative Order No. 14, 2003 – Ban on the use in food animals of beta-agonist Drugs used in humans as bronchodilators and tocolytic agents.

o Department of Health (DOH) and Department of Agriculture (DA) Joint Administrative Order No. 2, Series of 2000 — Declaring ban/phase out of the use of nitrofurans in food-producing animals.

o DOH Administrative Order No. 4-A and DA Administrative Order No. 1, Series 2000 — the banning and withdrawal of olaquindox and carbadox from the market.

o DOH Administrative Order No. 91 and DA Administrative Order No. 60, Series of 1990 — Declaring ban on the use of chlorampenicol in food-producing animals.

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Group A. Substances having anabolic effect and unauthorized substances

Substance Species LOD Action Limit

A1 (Stilbenes) DES ShrimpMilkfishTilapi

0.1 µg/kg Positivedetection

A3 (Steroids) Methyltestosterone

0.05 µg/kg Positivedetection

A6 Chloramphenicol 0.05 µg/kg 0.3 µg/kg

Positivedetection

Nitrofurans(AOZ,AMOZ)

0.10 µg/kg 1.0 µg/kg

Groups of Substances

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Group of Substance Product Limit of Detection

Level of Action

Group B Substances : Veterinary drugs (1) and contaminants

B1(Antibacterial subs)Chlortetracycline OxytetracyclineSulfamethazineAmoxicillinTrimetoprimSulfadiazineOxolinic acidErythromycin

ShrimpMilkfishTilapia

80 µg/kg80 µg/kg100 µg/kg50 µg/kg50 µg/kg50 µg/kg0.3 µg/kg0.003 µg/kg

100 µg/kg100 µg/kg100µg/kg50µg/kg50 µg/kg100 µg/kg100 µg/kg200 µg/kg

B2a Ivermectin 49 µg/kg 100 µg/kg

21

Group of Substance Product Limit of Detection Level of Action


B1(Antibacterial subs)Chlortetracycline OxytetracyclineSulfamethazineAmoxicillinTrimetoprimSulfadiazineOxolinic acidErythromycin


80 µg/kg80 µg/kg100 µg/kg50 µg/kg50 µg/kg50 µg/kg0.3 µg/kg0.003 µg/kg

100 µg/kg100 µg/kg100µg/kg50µg/kg100µg/kg100 µg/kg100 µg/kg200 µg/kg

B2a Ivermectin 49 µg/kg 100 µg/kg

22

Group of Substance Product Limit of Detection Level of Action


B3a Organochlorines-BHC β-BHCAldrinDieldrinChlordaneDDTDDDDDEEndrinEndosulfan IEndosulfan IIHeptachlorHeptachlor epoxideLindaneMetoxychlor


4 ug/kg 200µg/kg 100 µg/kg 200 µg/kg 200 µg/kg 50 µg/kg 400 µg/kg 400µg/kg 400 µg/kg 50 µg/kg100 µg/kg100 µg/kg200 µg/kg200 µg/kg20 µg/kg10 µg/kg

23


Level of Action


B3c Heavy metals Mercury Lead Cadmium

5 µg/kg50 µg/kg50 µg/kg

500 µg/kg300 µg/kg50 µg/kg

24


Level of Action


B3d Aflatoxin Feeds 1.7 µg/kg 20 µg/kg

B3e Malachite & Leucomalachite Green


0.34 µg/kg0.41 µg/kg

Positive detection

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Residue Monitoring Program

NRMP Plan

Based on EU Directive 96/23EC.

NRMP Target

Regional SamplingSampling and handling

Sampling in meat-farm, consignacion, pro-cessor

Sampling in feeds

Storage and handling

Sample labelling and traceability

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Farm Registration

Farm source of raw materials

Fish Health Officer

Regional Director

BFAR Director

Inform the FHO

Apply for registration

Registration Form

Farm Inspection

Sampling if necessary

Disease surveillance and residue monitoring

Assessment and assigning of Registration Number

Endorsement for issuance of certificate of registration

Issuance of certificate

Releasing of certificate

Confirmatory

Suspend the registration

Farm Inspection and Sampling

Farm visit and sampling

Laboratory analysis

Positive result

Positive

Negative result

Fish Inspection Unit, Certification Unit and Exporter

Sampling and analysis

Negative result

Positive

Resume Registration

-Farm hygiene-Disease surveillance and residue monitoring

Collect sample/s

27

28

Presence ofBanned substances

On-spot inspection

Absence of Banned substances

BFAR cc BAI

Feedmills

Report to BFAR Director

Recommend to BAI Non-compliance

Collection of feed samples

Laboratory analysis

Non-conforming Conforming

Feedmill Sampling

Use of veterinary medicines in Philippine aquaculture: current statusSSSomga. JRSomga, SERegidor

•Survey in 2009 to determine current range of veterinary medicines applied in aquaculture and assess the perception of respondents on their impacts

•Survey form used was developed by FAO

•Consisted of information about the respondents, types of veterinary medicines and other products used, species, culture system, dosages and availability, efficacy and impact, reasons for treatment failure

•69 respondents from different subsectors of aquaculture production-operators of shrimp and tilapia hatcheries and grow-out; milkfish/marine fish grow-out, gov’t field workers, and feed and aquatic products suppliers

MG Bondad-Reantaso, JR Arthur &RP Subasinghe eds. Improving biosecurity through prudent and responsible use of veterinary medicnes in aquaculture food production

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31

Association of South-East Asian Nations

(ASEAN)

GUIDELINES FOR THE USE OF

CHEMICALS IN AQUACULTURE

AND MEASURES TO ELIMINATE

THE USE OF HARMFUL

CHEMICALS

NATIONAL FISHERIES LABORATORY DIVISION

Disease Monitoring for Aquatic Animal Health

Analysis conducted in shrimp (2017)

Analyses No. of sample No. of Positive

1. EHP 127 10

2. AHPND/EMS 157 2

3. WSSV 191 34

4. IHHNV 144 30

5. IMNV 123 0

6. MBV 68 18

7. TSV 141 0

8. NHPB 122 1

9. YHV/GAV 144 1

10. PvNV 90 0

Samples collected by BFAR central and regional laboratories, and submitted by industries

*PL and grow-out stages

BACTERIA IDENTIFIED FROM 2016-2017

API 20ESpecies Bacteria Identified Organs

1Tilapia Enterobacter cloacae Kidney2Red Tilapia Pseudomonas luteola Spleen3Red Tilapia Enterobacter sakazakii Spleen4Red Tilapia Pseudomonas aeroginosa Liver5Siganid Vibrio alginolyticus Kidney6Siganid Vibrio alginolyticus Spleen7Siganid Vibrio alginolyticus Liver8Siganid Escherichia coli 2 Spleen9Eel Pleisomonas shigelloides Liver

API 20 STREP

Species Bacteria Identified Organs1Pompano Streptococcus agalactiae Kidney2Pompano Streptococcus agalactiae Caudal3Pompano Streptococcus agalactiae Brain4Pompano Streptococcus agalactiae Liver5Tilapia Gemella haemolysans Spleen6Tilapia Gemella haemolysans Liver7Tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae Kidney8Tilapia Gemella haemolysans Kidney9Tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae Brain

10Tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae Liver11Tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae Spleen


API STAPH

Species Bacteria Identified Organs1Ornamental Fish Staphylococcus cohnii Kidney

2Discus Staphylococcus cohnii Spleen3Tilapia Micrococcus spp. Liver4Pompano Staphylococcus xylosus Caudal5Pompano Staphylococcus sciuri Speen6Tilapia Staphylococcus xylosus Kidney

7Tilapia Micrococcus spp. Kidney8Red Tilapia Micrococcus spp. Brain

9Tilapia Staphylococcus xylosus Brain10Tilapia Staphylococcus sciuri Brain

11Tilapia Staphylococcus sciuri Spleen12Tilapia Staphylococcus xylosus Kidney13Eel Staphylococcus haemolyticus Spleen14Eel Staphylococcus aureus Kidney15Red Tilapia Staphylococcus capitis Liver


API 20NESpecies Bacteria Identified No. Species Bacteria Identified No.

1 Ornamental Fish Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Spleen 20 Tilapia Vibrio cholerae Kidney

2 Discus Shiwanella putrefaciens Liver 21 Tilapia Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Brain

3 Discus Shiwanella putrefaciens Spleen 22 Tilapia Vibrio cholerae Liver

4 Discus Aeromonas sobria Spleen 23 Tilapia Aeromonas sobria Kidney

5 Tilapia Aeromonas sobria 3 24 Tilapia Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae 5

6 Tilapia Aeromonas sobria Liver 25 Tilapia Aeromonas sobria Kidney

7 Pompano Vibrio alginolyticus 2 26 Tilapia Aeromonas sobria Brain

8 Pompano Vibrio parahaemolyticus 3 27 Tilapia Plesiomonas shigelloides Brain

9 Pompano Photobacterium damselae Kidney 28 Eel Aeromonas sobria Kidney

10 Pompano Vibrio alginolyticus Brain 29 Eel Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Kidney

11 Pompano Vibrio parahaemolyticus Liver 30 Red tilapia Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Brain

12 Pompano Vibrio alginolyticus Liver 31 Eel Burkholderia cepacia Liver

13Pompano

Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Liver 32Ornamental Fish

Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Liver

14 Pompano Vibrio spp. 2 33 Eel Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Kidney

15 Pompano Vibrio parahaemolyticus Caudal 34 Eel Vibrio alginolyticus Kidney

16 Tilapia Aeromonas sobria Fin 35 Eel Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae 2

17 Tilapia Shiwanella putrefaciens Kidney 36 Eel Shiwanella putrefaciens Liver

18 Tilapia Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Muscle 37 Eel Aeromonas sobria Liver

19 Tilapia Aeromonas sobria 2 36 Eel Shiwanella putrefaciens Liver37 Eel Aeromonas sobria Liver

Objective Activity Measurement Responsible Agency

1. To develop programs and systems for surveillance and monitoring of AMR

Development of surveillance and monitoring system for AMR and AMU in food-producing animals

Manual of procedures and harmonized standards; AMR/AMU reports in animalspecies;protocols for reporting system and feedback system

DA (BAI and BFAR

Data collection/sampling/testing/analysis of drug residue in animals (focus on AMR)

Data collected samples tested/analyzed and results reviewedA report on the occurrence of AMR in animal species and on production practices relevant to the emergence of AMR

DA (BAI and BFAR

Key Strat 2: Strengthen surveillance and laboratory capacity

Objective Activity Measurement Responsible Agency

1. To develop programs and systems for surveillance and monitoring of AMR

Sampling and testing analysis for antibiotic susceptibility testing based on internationally accepted standard

Reports on AMR in animal species

DA (BAI and BFAR

Monitoring of AMR and AMU trends in food producing animals

Regular dissemination of reports on AMR in animal species

DA (BAI and BFAR

Key Strat 3. Ensure uninterrupted access to essential medicines of assured quality

Objective Activity Measurement Responsible agency

To improve the registration, marketing authorization and post marketing surveillance of antimicrobials

Process streamlining of review and release of marketing of new antibiotics that address priority infectious diseases in the country

Protocols for facilitated processes of review and marketing authorization of new antibiotics available in websites; issuance of certificate of product registration, LTO for antimicrobials and importation clearance

DOH (FDA) and DA (BAI, BFAR and OPP)



Forging an agreement on regulatory control over drugs used in aquaculture

Approved joint AO including sanctions on products with positive antibiotic residue

DOH (FDA) and DA (BFAR)

Rationalization and harmonization of regulatory control over the manufacture and use of antibiotics in animals

Agreed policy between DA and DOH; Enactmentof animal industry and veterinary services act

DOH (FDA) and DA (BFAR)



Develop database of registeredantimicrobials, including quantitative production and importation

Database available in website

DA (BAI and BFAR)and DOH (FDA)

Quality monitoring of veterinary drugs

Quality reports DA (BAI and BFAR)and DOH (FDA)

Objective Activity Measurement

Responsible agency

To ensure access to essential medicine

Forging of partnership with healthcare professionals, organization and consumer group

MOA/MOU DOH (FDA) and DA (BAI and BFAR)

Review of issuances related to access to antimicrobials, especially in the distribution and sale in drug outlet

Reports; minutes of meeting

DA (BAI and BFAR)and DOH (FDA)

Strict enforcement of regulation on antibiotic prescription, dispensing and use

Monitoring reports

DA (BAI and BFAR

Key Strat 4. Regulate and promote rational use of medicine in humans and animal health sectors

Objective Activity Measurement

To foster enablingenvironment for the rational use of medicines

Conduct of coordination meeting and workshops for implementation of policies with local government

Status report on the strengthening of variousregulations for vet drugs; compedium of relevant laws, AOs and circulars

Review of existing regulatory controls for registration, advertising and importation and end use

Compliance report

Improve implementation and policy on prescribing and dispensing veerinary drugs (VDO

Key Strat 5. Enhance infection prevention and control across all settings


Toimplement programs on IPC

Implementation of Good Husbandry Practices (GAHP) and Good Aquaculture Practices as Phil National Standard

Training sessions conducted, number of farm registered with GAqP, validation of codes of good practices (audits and renewal)

Strengthen animal health capacity

Workshops conducted/info materials disseminated on implementation of relevant policies on proper use of antimicrobials

Industry and

government

are sought to

take pledge

during

workshops

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

o THANKS TO FAO FOR MAKING THIS PROJECT POSSIBLE

o CORDIAL RATITUDE FOR INCLUDING THE PHILIPPINES IN THE PROJECT AND THE ISSUE ON ANTIMICROBIAL IN AQUACULTURE IS NEW TO THE PHILIPPINES

o THANKS MELBA REANTAZO FOR ENSURING OUR PARTICIPATION IN THIS ACTIVITY

Thank you

country report: philippines · p. monodon p. vannamei i 39 1 0 1 0 0 14 55 ... used, species,...

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