correlates of job satisfaction among public health nurses in six local health departments
DESCRIPTION
Correlates of Job Satisfaction among Public Health Nurses in Six Local Health Departments. L. Michele Issel , PhD, RN, Hilary Kirk, MPH, Kathy Baldwin PhD, RN, Curt Fenton, MPH, RN, Sarah Buller Fenton, MS, RN & Betty Bekemeier , PhD, RN APHA Annual Meeting, - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Correlates of Job Satisfaction among Public Health Nurses in Six Local
Health Departments
L. Michele Issel, PhD, RN, Hilary Kirk, MPH, Kathy Baldwin PhD, RN, Curt Fenton, MPH, RN, Sarah
Buller Fenton, MS, RN & Betty Bekemeier, PhD, RNAPHA Annual Meeting,
Washington, DC 1 November 2011
1KRISP Project
Presenter Disclosures
The following personal financial relationships with commercial interests relevant to this presentation existed during the past 12 months:
L. Michele Issel, Kathleen Baldwin, Curtis M. Fenton,
Sarah Buller Fenton
No relationships to disclose.
KRISP: A Name and an Acronym
K Keeping Knowledge accessR RNs to Redesign job and work
environmentI Improve Innovate to improveS Strength
enScope and competency based practice
P Population Health
Population focused care
KRISP Project 3
Intervention
KRISP Project 4
Background re RN Job Satisfaction
Hospital vs PHNPHNs = largest professional group in public health
Lack evidence of correlation between level of satisfaction & intention to stay
Social justice rather than pay
Model of PHN Job Satisfaction
KRISP Project 5
Job Satisfaction
Centralized Decision Making
Distributive Justice
Communication Openness, Accuracy,
Timeliness
Formalization
Hypothesis for PHNsDegree of job satisfaction varies withdegree of :◦centralized decision making◦distributive justice◦communication openness, accuracy, and timeliness
◦formalization of the workKRISP Project 6
Purposes: Among public health nurses ~
To quantify the level of overall job satisfaction
To determine the relationships among overall job satisfaction and:◦Centralized decision-making◦Distributive justice ◦Communication openness, accuracy,
and timeliness, &◦Formalization of the work
MethodsInstrumentation: standardized, evidence-
based scales◦Job satisfaction scale: McCloskey-Mueller
Satisfaction Scale, 1990◦Centralization scale: “hierarchy of authority,”
Richard Hall in 1963◦Formalization scale: Odham and Hackman,
1981◦Distributive Justice Index: Price & Meuller,
1986◦Communication scales: Shortell, 1991 survey
examining different dimensions of communication among RNs
Survey Monkey
Sample6 LHDs in 6 KRISP Counties (IL & WA) (N=68) in rural, urban, suburban areasParticipation rates
◦IL = 55.8%◦ WA = 41.1%
Demographic characteristics (N=62)Female= 98.4%Caucasian= 95.2%
Sample (cont’d)Education:96.8% had highest degree in
nursing;75.8% of those were Baccalaureate
Year highest degree earned:< 1980 30%1981- 2000 47%> 2000 23%
KRISP Project 10
AnalysesDescriptive statistics on each
scale◦Estimated Cronbach’s alpha
Correlation across scales using Pearson for significance at 0.01 level
ResultsOverall scores on each scale used
in relation to KRISP and benchmark
All scales on 1-5 Likert scale for ease of comparison◦Generally higher is more of the concept
is present
KRISP Project 12
Job Satisfaction (higher=higher)KRISP Benchmar
kMean (Std. Dev.) Mean
Extrinsic 3.3 (0.7) 2.3
Scheduling 4.1 (0.7) 3.8
Work/Life Balance 3.1 (0.7) 1.7
Co-Workers 4.2 (0.7) 1.2
Interaction 3.5 (0.6) 2.7
Professional Opportunities 3.2 (0.6) 2.7
Recognition 3.6 (0.9) 2.9
Control 3.0 (0.9) 4.3
Scales: KRISP vs Benchmark KRISP Benchmar
kMean (SD)
Distributive Justice (higher=more job fairness) 3.5 (1.2) 3.5
Centralized Decision Making (higher=more centralized in managers)
2.5 (0.7) 3.7
Formalization (higher=more written policies and procedures)
3.8 (0.7) (Not available)
KRISP Project 14
Scales: KRISP vs Benchmark
CommunicationDimensions
KRISP Benchmark
Mean (SD)
Openness 3.4 (0.8) 4.3
Accuracy 3.3 (0.8) 3.8
Timeliness 3.6 (0.7) 3.9
KRISP Project 15
Correlations among Scales1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1- Job Satisfaction Total ---2- Distributive Justice .75**
3- Centralized Decision Making
-.64**
-.45**
4- Formalization .26 .01 -.085- Communication Openness
.76** .56** -.30 .40**
6- Communication Accuracy
.63** .48** -.30 .26* .77**
7- Communication Timeliness
.60** .47** -.34**
.27* .61** .56** --
Alpha 0.92 0.95 0.94 0.78 0.85 0.84 0.85KRISP Project 16* p<.05, ** p<.01
Study LimitationsVariations in numbers of total
staff & PHN staff at each LHDBudget constraints to
participationWake of emergency
preparedness trainingsSmall sample size and
convenience sample of LHDs reduces generalizability
KRISP Project 17
DiscussionMost scores similar to benchmarksControl & Decision-Making scores
low indicating more staff involvement
Formalization seems high◦Prescriptive programming◦Incident command system structure enacted months preceding survey
◦Brings into question the degree of professionalism that exists for public health nurses
KRISP Project 18
Practice Implications Potential for increased job satisfaction◦Introduce shared governance practices◦Build population-focused nursing skills
Work on improving communication◦Has benefits on job satisfaction and work outcomes
◦Improve communication with more written procedures
Use scales to assess effect of changes to work environment, advocate for public health nursesKRISP Project 19
Recommendations for Further StudyLongitudinal study with larger
sample size
Examine relationships between population-focused skills (PHN competencies) & job satisfaction, particularly centralization, formalization, and control
Examine feasibility of implementing shared governance principles in LHD’s
KRISP Project 20
Thank You!http://krispproject.wordpress.com/
Funded by HRSA Bureau of Health Profession, Division of Nursing, under the Nurse Education, Practice and Retention Program, grant number D11HP14605
KRISP Related Publications Issel, L. M, Ashley, M., Kirk, H. & Bekemeir, B.
(2011, in press). Public Health Nursing Job Descriptions: Are they Aligned with Professional Standards? Journal of Public Health Management and Practice.
Issel, L. M., Bekemeier, B., Baldwin, K. (2011). Three population patient indicators for public health nursing: Results of a consensus project. Public Health Nursing, 28: 24-34.
Issel, L. M., Bekemeier, B. (2010). Safe practice of population-focused nursing care: Development of a public health nursing concept. Nursing Outlook. 58, 226-232.
KRISP Project 22