copyright ernsperger applied behavior analysis module three

Copyright Ernsperger

Applied Behavior Analysis

Module Three


Applied Behavior Analysis

• Applied means that we focus on socially significant behavior referring to skills and behaviors that will improve the student’s life

• Behaviors that are chosen must be measurable, precise and reliable

• Analysis means that we are incorporating data collection to drive our decision making process


Historical Nature of ABA

• B.F. Skinner (1938)– Operant Behaviors– Behaviors are influenced by the stimuli that

follows the behavior– We only repeat behaviors that work for us and

we avoid behaviors that have a high cost to us


ABA

• ABA is a scientific method that provides empirical data for decision making

• Based on observable behaviors– Reading, writing, walking, sitting, eating..

• Seek causal relationships• Objective not subjective

– “He does it all the time”

• Conservative in their outcomes– No false hopes


“ABA is effective by definition, which means that is if a behavior is not changing for the better, ABA is not being done correctly.” Cooper, Heron, and Heward, (1987)


ABA

• ABA is a broad field of study; like the field of medicine– ABA incorporates many areas

• ABA has changed and evolved over time– ABA has improved its methods for children

• ABA includes a variety of specific behavioral methods which include:– Prompting, shaping, chaining, and discrete

trial instruction


ABA and ASD

• Dr. O. Ivar Lovaas– Research original research

• 1987-UCLA Young Autism Project• 11 out of 19 studied were placed in LRE• 8 out of 19 were placed in the general education

program with no supports- “indistinguishable from their peers”

• All Students had increased IQ scores


WHY APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS?

• National Academy of Sciences– Educating Children with Autism

• Scientific Research Based– Over 500 research articles

– Lovaas-The UCLA Young Autism Project– May Institute Study– Princeton Child Development Institute– Douglass Developmental Disabilities Center

• Judicial System– # of Court Cases in Support


Why ABA? (cont.)

• Autism Spectrum Disorders: Interventions and Treatments (Simpson, 2005) Corwin Press Pub.

• ABA and DTI were found to be “Scientifically Based Practice”

• Includes research and references

• New York State Department of Health

• Autism Internet Modules– Free modules

• National Professional Development Center– 24 evidence based

practice

• National Autism Center– National Standards

Project


ABA/ Operant Conditioning

A B C

Mother Smile Attention

See toy Walking Freedom

Dirty Diaper Cry ChangeDiaper

Stove Touch Burner Get Burned

Go to Beach Forget Lotion Get SunBurned


COMMON BEHAVIORS

A B C Payoffs/Costs

Circle Time Running Away

Change in Routine

Crying

Freeplay Self-injury

Recess Perimeter walking


Web Exploration

• Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies– Read their article on ABA

• Autism Speaks– Read their article on ABA– Review videos

• Lovaas Center– Review the website – Lovaas approach


Discussion Posting

• Based on what you have read this week and the narrated Powerpoint presentation, write in your own words a cohesive statement explaining the field of ABA.

• Thoroughly read the web exploration websites.• Be sure to include one summary statement from each of the

websites and cite the web site. For example: “According to Autism Speaks”

• This is your chance to demonstrate your knowledge base of ABA so that you can better explain it to colleagues and parents.

• This posting will be graded utilizing the SPC College of Education Writing Rubric. There are 5 Levels of Performance that will be considered in order to achieve a “superior” grade.

copyright ernsperger applied behavior analysis module three

Documents