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Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. 6 | 1

Chapter Six

Understanding the Management Process

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Learning Objectives

1. Define what management is.2. Describe the four basic management

functions: planning, organizing, leading and motivating, and controlling.

3. Distinguish among the various kinds of managers, in terms of both level and area of management.

4. Identify the key management skills and the managerial roles.

5. Explain the different types of leadership.6. Discuss the steps in the managerial decision-

making process.


Learning Objectives (cont’d)

7. Describe how organizations benefit from total quality management.

8. Summarize what it takes to become a successful manager today.

Chapter 6 Outline

– What Is Management?– Basic Management Functions

• Planning• Organizing the Enterprise• Leading and Motivating• Controlling Ongoing Activities

– Kinds of Managers• Levels of Management• Areas of Management Specialization

– What Makes Effective Managers?• Key Management Skills• Managerial Roles

Chapter 6 Outline (cont.)

– Leadership• Formal and Informal Leadership• Styles of Leadership• Which Managerial Leadership Style Is Best?

– Managerial Decision Making• Identifying the Problem or Opportunity• Generating Alternatives• Selecting an Alternative• Implementing and Evaluating the Solution

– Managing Total Quality– What It Takes to Become a Successful Manager Today

• A Day in the Life of a Manager• Skills Required for Success• The Importance of Education and Experience

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What Is Management?

• The process of coordinating people and other resources to achieve the goals of an organization– Material resources

– Human resources

– Financial resources

– Information resources


Planning

• Planning– Goal– Objective– Properly set goals are

• Mission

• Strategic planning


Planning (cont’d)

• Establishing plans to accomplish goals and objectives– Plan

– Strategic plan

– Tactical plan

– Operational plan

– Contingency plan

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Organizing the Enterprise

• Organizing

• Leading and motivating

– Leading

– Motivating

– Directing


Controlling Ongoing Activities

• Controlling

• Control function


Kinds of Managers

• Levels of management

• The coordinated effort of all three levels of managers is required to implement the goals of any company

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Areas of Management Specialization

• Financial managers

• Operations managers

• Marketing managers

• Human resources managers

• Administrative managers (general managers)


Areas of Management Specialization

• Other areas may have to be added depending on the nature of the firm and the industry– Finance

– Operations

– Marketing

– Human Resources

– Administration

– Other (e.g. research and development)

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What Makes Effective Managers?

• Key management skills

– Technical skill

– Conceptual skill

– Interpersonal skill


What Makes Effective Managers? (cont’d)

• Managerial roles

– Decisional roles

– Interpersonal roles

– Informational roles


Leadership

• The ability to influence others

• Leadership versus management

• Formal leadership

• Informal leadership


Styles of Leadership

• Authoritarian

• Laissez-faire

• Democratic


Which Leadership Style Is Best?

• Matching style to the situation

• Effective leadership depends on– Interaction among the employees

– Characteristics of the work situation

– The manager’s personality


Managerial Decision Making

• The act of choosing one alternative from among a set of alternatives

• Major steps in the managerial decision-making process


Managerial Decision Making (cont’d)

• Identifying the problem or opportunity

– Problem

– Opportunity

– Problem-solving impediments


Managerial Decision-Making Process (cont’d)

• Generating alternatives

– Brainstorming

– “Blast! then refine”

• Selecting an alternative

– Satisficing

• Implementing and evaluating the solution


Managing Total Quality

• Total Quality Management (TQM)

• Issues crucial to TQM


What It Takes to Become a Successful Manager

• Personal skills

• Education and experience

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