copy potential mitigation for coalition miscommunication multinational combined training prior to...
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Potential Mitigation for Coalition Miscommunication
• Multinational combined training prior to operations– The more people work together, the more they understand
each other• Cultural awareness and communication training
– Encourage questions– Pay attention to the interlocutor’s context
• Standardized terminology… Only with limited use in certain situations
• Glossaries and other communication tools
Background• Diverse backgrounds of multinational teams have presented
serious challenges in coalition communication
Research ObjectiveEffective and efficient communication is the key to success
• To investigate the linguistic aspects of the miscommunications
• To understand the relation between cultural differences andvariations of language use, and its impact on miscommunication
• To focus on differences in use of English by UK and U.S. military forces
– Especially the differences due to training and culture
Hypotheses
• There will be linguistic differences at different levels of language use between British and American which lead to misunderstanding that could have significant impact on operations
• There are cultural differences between British & American which impact on language use and lead to misunderstanding that could have significant impact on operations
Study aim: Examine and identify categories and patterns of miscommunication due to variations of
language use
Initial Findings Further validated by survey in Omni Fusion 08
UK
Context Plays a Key Role in Communication• Important to look at miscommunication in ‘context’• Crucial to have a shared common understanding of the ‘context’• In a network centric environment, language must take on a bigger role
establishing and maintaining shared context or common ground• Examples found in Omni Fusion
• Organizational structure differences• Differences in doctrines and TTP (Tactics, Techniques, and
Procedures)• Differences in ‘media’ used
SO1SO2SO1SO2
Idiot’s GuideIdiot’s Guide
Are you alright?Are you alright?
You may well wish to…
You may well wish to…
Dirt ball road
Dirt ball road
Dummy’s guide
Dummy’s guide
…4
[1st digit “5” dropped in transmission]
…4
[1st digit “5” dropped in transmission]
US
The reason the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marines squabble among themselves is that they don't speak the same language. For example, take a simple phrase like, “Secure the building“…– The Army will put guards around the place– The Navy will turn out the lights and lock the doors– The Air Force will take out a 5-year lease with an option to buy
– The Marines will kill everybody inside and make it a command postfrom: http://www.swapmeetdave.com/Humor/MilJoke.htm
The reason the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marines squabble among themselves is that they don't speak the same language. For example, take a simple phrase like, “Secure the building“…– The Army will put guards around the place– The Navy will turn out the lights and lock the doors– The Air Force will take out a 5-year lease with an option to buy
– The Marines will kill everybody inside and make it a command postfrom: http://www.swapmeetdave.com/Humor/MilJoke.htm
TA4 Project 10 Task 3
[Night vision
equipment]
[Night vision
equipment]
Annual Conference of ITAAnnual Conference of ITAACITA 2009ACITA 2009
Miscommunications and Context AwarenessStephen Poteet (Boeing), Cheryl Giammanco (ARL), Jitu Patel (Dstl), Anne Kao (Boeing), Ping Xue (Boeing), Iya Whiteley (SEA)