Cook stove standards, testing and monitoring

- experience from India

J. Murali

j.murali@teri.res.in

24th April 2013

Background – Fuel usage

Source: Dalberg study, 2013

166 million households in India are using solid biomass as a primary source of fuel

Health impacts of solid fuel use

Indoor air pollution due to the solid fuel use is causing 875,000 deaths annually in India

Source: Global and Indian Burdens of Disease from Household Air Pollution – the GBD study 2010

Potential market for cook stoves

Source: Dalberg study, 2013 (million households)

Indian cook stove industry

Source: Dalberg study, 2013

Some donor driven initiatives

Source: Dalberg study, 2013

Cook stove penetration by type of stoves

Source: Dalberg study, 2013

Indian Improved cook stove programme

• National Programme for Improved Cook stoves (NPIC) implemented from 1984 -2002

• National Biomass Cook stoves Initiative from

2009 – present (ongoing) • MNRE developed a PoA for CDM in biomass

cook stoves and submitted to UNFCCC in 2012

Evolution od Indian standards for WBT

• As part of NPIC the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) developed a certification process for biomass cook stoves.

• The BIS protocol calls for using a set amount

of fuel, based on stove heat production rate, and determining the amount of thermal energy which can be transferred to the cooking pot.

BIS standard for biomass cook stoves

Designation

Name

Test method/s

Indicators Max/min values

Comments

IS 13152 (CIS 1315 Z) (Part 1): 1991 Indian Standards for biomass cook stove specification

Water boiling test (Thermal Efficiency), stove hood for emissions tests

Thermal efficiency, CO/CO2 ratio, TSP

CO/CO2 ratio less than 0.04,

TSP less than 2mg/m3

First national test methodology designed specifically for improved cook stoves

Comparison with Aprovecho bench mark for wood stoves

Limitations to BIS standards

• It was developed for one particular type of cook stove, hence did not cater to the various types of cook stoves produced and sold in the market.

• Testing protocol has thermal efficiency as the main focus.

• Limited testing centres were limited in number

• Testing facilities need up gradation and expansion

Revised BIS standards and test protocols

• BIS standards and protocols for biomass

stoves is being revised. Draft is prepared and under consultation

• It is modified included new stove types such

as forced draft stoves, community stoves etc. • New emissions standards have been

proposed for various types of stoves

• US EPA(5G) method for wood heaters have been followed for designing and developing test facilities at three Test Centres supported by the MNRE

• CO/CO2 ratio and TSP measurements have

been replaced by CO and TPM respectively • The limit of moisture content has been

suggested as 5(±1)%

Revised BIS standards and test protocols

Revised bench marks for stoves

Sl. No. Type of Biomass Cookstove

Standard Performance Parameters

Thermal Efficiency (%)

CO (g/MJd)

TPM (mg/MJd)

1 Natural Draft Type

Not less than 25

≤ 5 ≤ 350

2. Forced Draft Type

Not less than 35

≤ 5 ≤ 150

Future plans

• Star rating for different category of stoves

• Creation of more field level testing centres in partnership with NGOs/R&D institutions

• Training and capacity building of testing personnels

• Field testing centres to help in evaluation of stoves in the field pilot as well as full scale dissemination.

• Planning Commission has approved in principle the setting up of a Section 25 Company primarily for promoting cook stoves in the country

• The MNRE is in the process of setting up the “Bioenergy Corporation of

India” for promoting bio energy technologies such as cook stoves, gasifiers, waste to energy and biogas plants

• Under the new biomass cook stoves initiatives 110,000 stoves

(domestic, community and institutional) to be deployed on a pilot scale • MNRE would provide partial subsidy of Rs 400/- (US$ 8) for natural draft

stoves and Rs 800/- (US$ 16) for forced draft stoves. • This subsidy will be paid after third party verification six months after

deployment of cook stoves in the field

Future plans and monitoring

Some technical issues to be addressed

Thank you!