conversations messages
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for speech 105 interpersonal communicationall about conversation messagesTRANSCRIPT
Conversation MessagesConversation Messages
Ayman Saleh, Vanity Duquet,
Daphne Anne Gopo & Mathew
Valle
By
5 Steps in a Conversation:5 Steps in a Conversation:
1. Opening
2. Feed forward Open the channels of communication Preview future messages Alter cast Disclaim
Feed Forward Example:Feed Forward Example: Jacobs-Rosenbaum Levin Thorne Hayes Ohman
5 Step of a Conversation5 Step of a Conversation
3. Business4. Feedback
– Positive or negative– Person Focused or Message Focused– Immediate or Delayed– Low Monitor or High Monitor– Evaluative or Supportive
5. Closing
Managing ConversationsManaging Conversations
Opening conversations
Maintaining conversations
Repairing conversations
Closing conversations
Opening ConversationOpening Conversation
Self references
Other references
Relational references
Context references
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLubGooyRpc
The opening lineThe opening line
Cute flippant openers
Innocuous opener
Direct opener
Opening and closing Opening and closing conversationsconversations
some scenes may be graphic
How to communicate How to communicate powerfully by emailpowerfully by email
Subject Lines are Headlines Make One Point per Email Specify the Response You Want Be a Good Correspondent Avoid spamming Proofread DON’T TYPE IN ALL CAPS! IT LOOKS
LIKE YOU’RE YELLING AT THE READERS!
Repairing conversationsRepairing conversations
Types of excusesTypes of excuses
“I didn’t do it”
“It wasn’t so bad”
“Yes, but…”
Five elements of a good Five elements of a good excuse:excuse:
1. Demonstrate that you really see the problem, and that your partner’s feelings are legitimate and justified
Five elements of a good Five elements of a good excuse:excuse:
2. Acknowledge your responsibility for doing what you did
Five elements of a good Five elements of a good excuse:excuse:
3. Say that you regret what you did
Five elements of a good Five elements of a good excuse:excuse:
4. Request forgiveness
Five elements of a good Five elements of a good excuse:excuse:
5. Make it clear that it will not happen again
Maintaining ConversationsMaintaining Conversations
Principle of Cooperation
Principle of Dialogue
Principle of Turn-taking
Principal of Cooperation Principal of Cooperation
a. Principal of Cooperation
b. Conversational maxims
The four conversation maxim The four conversation maxim rulesrules
1. Quantity maxim
2. Quality maxim
3. Relation maxim
4. Manner maxim
The four conversation maxim The four conversation maxim rulesrules
- Please note that the four maxims just discussed describe most conversations as they take place in much of the United States.
- However, these maxims may not apply to all cultures.
- Some cultures even have their own
According to Koppelman and According to Koppelman and Goodhart…….Goodhart…….
“Differences in cultural norms can cause misunderstandings”
Some examples:
-Business men and how they conduct meetings
-Us direct approach VS Other Cultures indirect
More examplesMore examples
- Arab cultures: They stand closer in conversation
- French culture: Anything but handshake is rude
- In Ecuador: Greeting someone without a handshake is a sign of respect
Principal of DialoguePrincipal of Dialogue
a. Monologue –one person speaks and the other listens.
*Not surprising, effective communication is based not on monologue but on its opposite dialogue.
Principal of Turn TakingPrincipal of Turn Taking
a. Conversational turns
b. Speaker Cues
c. Listener Cues
d. Backchanneling cues
According to the text According to the text Understanding Human Understanding Human
CommunicationCommunication
Keep the following in mind…..
1) Communication is not always a good thing
2) It will not solve all problems
3) More Communication is not always better
4) Meanings rest in people not in words
Closing ConversationsClosing Conversations
1) Reflect back on the conversation and briefly summarize it.
Closing ConversationsClosing Conversations
2) State the desire to end the conversation
Closing ConversationsClosing Conversations
3) Refer to future interaction
Closing ConversationClosing Conversation
4) Ask for closures
Closing ConversationsClosing Conversations
5) Say you enjoyed the interaction
EFFECTIVE EFFECTIVE CONVERSATIONAL SKILLSCONVERSATIONAL SKILLS
Stuttering: A Communicative Stuttering: A Communicative DisorderDisorder
Communicative disorders can cover a broad area of disorders which includes, but might not be limited to voice, fluency, language, speech/articulation and a host of other subcategories.
Stuttering: Defined as a difficulty in the conception and planning of coordinated motor speech movements of respiratory and phonatory systems.
True or FalseTrue or False11
If someone has a stuttering problem, it will be helpful if we help him/her finish their sentences.
FALSE
True or FalseTrue or False22
We should avoid giving directions like “slow down” or “relax” to people with speech disorder
TRUE
True or FalseTrue or False33
When talking to a person with speech disorder we should try to minimize eye contact time, so that we don’t cause them embarrassment
FALSE
True or FalseTrue or False44
We should treat people who have language problems like our little siblings
False
True or FalseTrue or False55
We should NEVER ask people who stutter to repeat what they said
FALSE
True or FalseTrue or False66
If you have a stuttering problem, you should let others know what your special needs are
TRUE
True or FalseTrue or False77
Encourage those who stutter to use tricks such as substituting words or tapping a foot, to help her/him get through a moment of stuttering.
FALSE
True or FalseTrue or False88
People who stutter usually have more difficulty controlling their speech on the telephone
TRUE
True or FalseTrue or False99
Stuttering is a speech problem, and not an emotional or psychological one
TRUE
True or FalseTrue or False1010
Stuttering is a disease that could be genetically inherited from one generation to the other.
TRUE
Facts about StutteringFacts about Stuttering
Parents do not cause stuttering Treatment during childhood is
preferred Early intervention is best Stuttering should not be ignored
"Ignore it and it will go away" is a bad advice.
References:References: Ayman:
– Stanley Fish, Is There a Text in This Class? (Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1980). ISBN 0-674-46726-4. http://academic2.american.edu/~dfagel/Class%20Readings/Fish/HowToRecognizeAPoem.htm , accessed online on 10/13/07
– Bowen, Carolie “Stuttering: What can be done about it ?” 2001. Online resource: http://members.tripod.com/Caroline_Bowen/stuttering.htm
Mathew: – Adler, Ronald B, Rosenfeld, Lawrence B, and Proctor II, Russell. INTERPLAY. New York:
Oxford University Press– “Jung Typology Test.” 1998-2007<www.humanmetrics.com/cgi-win/JTypes2.asp>.
Vanity:– Koppelman, Kent and R. Lee Goodhart. Understanding Human Differences Multicultural
Education For a Diverse America. Boston: Pearson Education Inc, 2005.– Rodman, George and Ronald B. Adler. Understanding Human Communication. New York:
Oxford University Press, 2006. Daphne
– et Talking.” Professional Safety. 52.8(2007):56. Academic Search Premier. 3 October 2007. <http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=26116422&loginpage=login.asp&site=ehost-live&scope=site>.
– Dowling, Ellen. “10 Tips for Effective E-mail.” MindTools. 3 October 2007. <http://www.mindtools.com/email.html>.