control structers in c
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Control structers in cTRANSCRIPT
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CONTROL STRUCTURES IN C PROGRAM
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CONTROL STRUCTURES IN C PROGRAM
• C language possesses such decision making capabilities and supports the following statements known as control or decision-making statements.
• There are two types of statements.• Selection statement. • Iteration statement.
Selection statements
• It provides decision making capability to a program and they alter normal flow of control based on their conditions. They are
• If• if else• if else if• switch
Iteration statements
• It allows a set of instruction to be executed repeatedly based on some conditions. They are
• For loop• While
SELECTION STATEMENT
If statement
• The if statement is a powerful decision making statement and is used to control the flow of execution of statements.
• It is basically a two-way decision statement.
IF ELSE
The if....else statement is an extension of the simple if statement. The general form is
if (condition){True-block statement(s)}else{False-block statement(s)}
IF ELSE
PROGRAM TO KNOW THE NUMER IS POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE• void main()
{ int numb; printf ("Type any Number : "); scanf ("%d", &numb); if(numb > 0) { printf ("%d is the positive number", numb);}elseprintf ("%d is the Negative number", numb);}
IF ELSE IF
• This makes selection from two alternatives.• If one is selected the other will be skipped.• But if the first one is not executed the second
one is selected.
IF ELSE IF
Printf(“enter the character”);Scanf(“%c”,ch);If(ch>=‘a’ && ch<=‘z’)
printf(“it is lower case”);Else If(ch>=‘A’ && ch<=‘Z’);
printf(“it is upper case”);Else Printf(“it is special chara”);
program to print the character is uppercase or lowercase or special character
Switch case
• Often a break statement is used as the last statement in each case's statement list
• A break statement causes control to transfer to the end of the switch statement
• If a break statement is not used, the flow of control will continue into the next case
SWITCH• The general syntax of a switch statement is:
switch ( expression ){ case value1 : statement-list1 case value2 : statement-list2 case value3 : statement-list3 case ...
}
If expressionmatches value2,control jumpsto here
Sample program for switch
Printf ("enter the game mode\n"); scanf ("%c“,&n); switch(n) { case '1' : printf("play game \n"); break; case '2' : printf("load game \n"); break;}
ITERATION STATEMENTS
while• The syntax of while statement in C:while (loop repetition condition)
statement• Loop repetition condition is the condition
which controls the loop.• The statement is repeated as long as the loop
repetition condition is true.• A loop is called an infinite loop if the loop
repetition condition is always true.
An Example of a while Loop
5-20
Statement
Loop repetition condition
Loop control variable is the variable whose value controls loop repetition.
In this example, count_emp is the loop control variable.
For loop
• The syntax of for statement in C:for (initialization expression;
loop repetition condition; update expression) statement
• The initialization expression set the initial value of the loop control variable.
• The loop repetition condition test the value of the loop control variable.
• The update expression update the loop control variable.
An Example of the for Loop
To print the numbers printf("enter the first number"); scanf("%d",&n); printf("the numbers are\n"); { for(i=n;i<=100;i++) printf("%d ",&i);}
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