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BES ReviewVol. XX, No. II&III
April'14 - September’14
Editorial Board
ChairmanAshish Bhatnagar
MemberM.S. Duhan
Published by :P. K. Singh, Hon. Secretary,
on behalf of Broadcast Engineering Society (India)
912, Surya Kiran Building,19, K.G. Marg, New Delhi-110001
Tel. : + 91-11- 23316709 Fax : + 91-11- 23316710
E-mail : [email protected]
Printed at :Pragati Creations
27/1B, Dilshad Garden Ind. Area,G.T. Road, Delhi-110095
e-mail : [email protected].: 011-22596695, 9312438440
Views expressed by authors are theirown and may not be that of BES(I)
O.P. RajpurohitPradeep Mehra
Sunil BhatiaRajesh Meena
Meenakshi Singhavi
Contents
Editorial 2
From the President 3
BES Council 2012-2014 4
Tryst with Towers of AIR and Doordarshan 6- M.S. Duhan
Broadcasting and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) 12- Manoranjan Rai
FM Combiners 15- Meenakshi Singhvi
DD Scroll 21- Jadav Pravin B.
Acoustics-the Bigger Picture 30- E.Venkitakrishnan
Digital Ecosystem 34- Anil Kumar Mangalgi
Cellular Uplinks (Back Pack) Give Broadcasters A New Option 39- Anila Shah ( Chowdhary )
Make in India-Digital Set Top Box (STB) 43- V. Guru Prasad
Experiences during flood in DDK Srinagar 46- J. M. Kharche
Appointments 51
Report : Ahamedabad Chapter 52- Workshop on “Digital and Social Media Communication”
Report : Pune Chapter 53- Discussion on 'Future Roadmap for BES (I)'
Seminar on Receiving Devices for DVB-T2/T2-Lite 54- A Report
IBC-2014 55- A Report
Reminiscences 58
Broadcast Industry News 60
New Members 65
Corporate Members 66
Obituary 68
Editorial
2
Dear Friends,
It is my proud privilege to present to you this issue of BES Review, which is a bit delayed due to the BES elections, which concluded recently. The new BES Council which took over on 13-09-2014, has entrusted the job of bringing out this magazine again to me and my team. Thanks to Shri M.S. Dohan, Shri Pradeep Mehera, Smt. Meenakshi Singhavi, Shri OP Rajpurohit, the core editorial team, who have succeeded in introducing the magazine in time.
This issue of BES Review brings to you articles on varied subjects like FM Combiners, Cellular Uplinks, Acoustics, Intellectual property rights in broadcasting and indigenous developments by Broadcast Engineers of Doordarshan, Ahmedabad and Bangalore, which has done proud to the Broadcast Engineering community of our country.
Recent floods of J & K have compelled us to take a fresh look on the importance of terrestrial network of Radio & TV. When almost all the services at J & K were off, Radio Kashmir and Doordarshan, Srinagar served as the life line for the people trapped in flood waters. An article from Shri J.M. Kharche, DDG(E), DDK, Srinagar will give us a peep into the horrific conditions during the J & K floods and the determination and sincere work done by the broadcasters during these testing times. We would like to dedicate this issue of BES Review to the broadcasters of J & K who worked tirelessly under extreme conditions to ensure the connectivity of services at large.
On 18-09-2014 BES(I) lost one of its founder member Shri N.K. Trivedi, who was the first Hon. Secretary of BES (I) and has also been Chairman of BES Review Committee. While praying for the peace of the departed soul we pledge that we will continue to put in our best efforts to take BES, which was formed and nurtured by stalwarts like him to still greater heights.
Best wishes,
Ashish Bhatnagar [email protected]
From the President
3
Dear Friends,
At the outset, I would like to extend my sincere thanks to the BES Council and all the BES members who have reposed faith in me and elected me unopposed the President of Broadcast Engineering Society(India). I would like to assure all that we would work as a cohesive team focusing on the growth and development of Broadcast Engineering Society (India) which is one of the prominent bodies of Broadcast Engineers in complete Afro-Asian Region.
We are all looking ahead for successful organizing of BES Expo 2015, the st
21 International Conference and Exhibition of Terrestrial and Satellite th thBroadcast to be held at Pragati Maidan, New Delhi, India from 15 to 17
January 2015. The theme of this year's conference is “Social Media & Broadcasting : New Opportunities”. The delegates will have the opportunity to listen and interact with eminent Broadcasters and speakers on varied relevant topics such as – Social Media and Broadcasting, Media Asset Management & Archives, Resurgence of Terrestrial Broadcasting - new concept and competition, Future of TV – 4K and beyond, Private Broadcasting, OTT (Over the Air to Over the Top) Broadcasting as an effective social power, Media market for manufacturers.
BES Review is really doing an excellent work in disseminating the information about latest and emerging broadcast technologies. This issue deals with a very important theme i.e. Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting which is being adopted world over. I am confident that the readers will get the benefit by the articles and other information provided in the BES Review and will emerge as better broadcasters for the days to come.
With best wishes,
O.K. Sharma [email protected]
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
Editorial
2
Dear Friends,
It is my proud privilege to present to you this issue of BES Review, which is a bit delayed due to the BES elections, which concluded recently. The new BES Council which took over on 13-09-2014, has entrusted the job of bringing out this magazine again to me and my team. Thanks to Shri M.S. Dohan, Shri Pradeep Mehera, Smt. Meenakshi Singhavi, Shri OP Rajpurohit, the core editorial team, who have succeeded in introducing the magazine in time.
This issue of BES Review brings to you articles on varied subjects like FM Combiners, Cellular Uplinks, Acoustics, Intellectual property rights in broadcasting and indigenous developments by Broadcast Engineers of Doordarshan, Ahmedabad and Bangalore, which has done proud to the Broadcast Engineering community of our country.
Recent floods of J & K have compelled us to take a fresh look on the importance of terrestrial network of Radio & TV. When almost all the services at J & K were off, Radio Kashmir and Doordarshan, Srinagar served as the life line for the people trapped in flood waters. An article from Shri J.M. Kharche, DDG(E), DDK, Srinagar will give us a peep into the horrific conditions during the J & K floods and the determination and sincere work done by the broadcasters during these testing times. We would like to dedicate this issue of BES Review to the broadcasters of J & K who worked tirelessly under extreme conditions to ensure the connectivity of services at large.
On 18-09-2014 BES(I) lost one of its founder member Shri N.K. Trivedi, who was the first Hon. Secretary of BES (I) and has also been Chairman of BES Review Committee. While praying for the peace of the departed soul we pledge that we will continue to put in our best efforts to take BES, which was formed and nurtured by stalwarts like him to still greater heights.
Best wishes,
Ashish Bhatnagar [email protected]
From the President
3
Dear Friends,
At the outset, I would like to extend my sincere thanks to the BES Council and all the BES members who have reposed faith in me and elected me unopposed the President of Broadcast Engineering Society(India). I would like to assure all that we would work as a cohesive team focusing on the growth and development of Broadcast Engineering Society (India) which is one of the prominent bodies of Broadcast Engineers in complete Afro-Asian Region.
We are all looking ahead for successful organizing of BES Expo 2015, the st
21 International Conference and Exhibition of Terrestrial and Satellite th thBroadcast to be held at Pragati Maidan, New Delhi, India from 15 to 17
January 2015. The theme of this year's conference is “Social Media & Broadcasting : New Opportunities”. The delegates will have the opportunity to listen and interact with eminent Broadcasters and speakers on varied relevant topics such as – Social Media and Broadcasting, Media Asset Management & Archives, Resurgence of Terrestrial Broadcasting - new concept and competition, Future of TV – 4K and beyond, Private Broadcasting, OTT (Over the Air to Over the Top) Broadcasting as an effective social power, Media market for manufacturers.
BES Review is really doing an excellent work in disseminating the information about latest and emerging broadcast technologies. This issue deals with a very important theme i.e. Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting which is being adopted world over. I am confident that the readers will get the benefit by the articles and other information provided in the BES Review and will emerge as better broadcasters for the days to come.
With best wishes,
O.K. Sharma [email protected]
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
BES (I) Council 2014-2016
4
O.K. Sharma
I.I.George
Anila Shah
V. Appakutty
S.S Bindra
K. Murugan
P.S. Shrivastava
Dinesh Pratap Singh
Neeraj Goel
N.A. Khan
Saurabh Sanyal
President
A.K. DixitImmediate Past President
Ashok LakhanpalPast President
Vice President
Om Prakash RajpurohitVice President
Pravin Kumar SinghHon. Secretary
R.C. BhatnagarHon. Treasurer
A.V Swaminathan Council Member
Deepak JoshiCouncil Member
Meenakshi SinghviCouncil Member
N. ThiyagrajanCouncil Member
Council Member
Council Member
Council Member
Council Member
Council Member
Council Member
Council Member
P.S. SundramPermanent Invitee
Animesh ChakrabortyPermanent Invitee
Permanent Invitee
Co-opted Member
Addl. Director General (E)
Addl. Director General (E)
CMD, Technomedia
Executive Director, PHD Chamber of Commerce
AIR & DD
Former Engineer-in-ChiefDoordarshan
Former Chief EngineerAll India Radio
AIR & DD
Asstt. EngineerDoordarshan
Director (Engg.)All India Radio
Former Addl. Director General (Engg.), DD
Former Chief EngineerAIR & DD
Dy. Director General (E)All India Radio
Dy. Director (E)All India Radio
Addl. Director General (E)AIR & DD
Asstt. EngineerDoordarshan
Former Chief EngineerAIR & DD
Former Chief EngineerAIR & DD
Director (Engg.)All India Radio
Director (Engg.)Doordarshan
Director (Engg.)Doordarshan
Dy. Director General (E)All India Radio
Engineer-in-Chief All India Radio
Engineer-in-Chief, Doordarshan
8750451819 [email protected]
9958581560 [email protected]
9868114396 [email protected]
9868233470 [email protected]
9414251557 [email protected]
9968993838 [email protected]
9968296792 [email protected]
9811470018 [email protected]
9435032256 [email protected]
9426302816 [email protected]
9445562769 [email protected]
9825956386 [email protected]
9444015580 [email protected]
9899968022 [email protected]
9971159629 [email protected]
9419171731 [email protected]
9868103141 [email protected]
9968326123 [email protected]
9811197746 [email protected]
9871178429 [email protected]
9871345550 [email protected],[email protected]
9650225333 [email protected]
Name Designation Mobile / E-mail
Chapter Chairperson Hon. Secretary Hon. Treasurer Tel. No. /E-mail.
1) Ahmedabad Chandira J.K. A.K. Gupta Ramesh Tele [email protected]
2) Bangalore Anil Mangalgi A. Hanumant Sanjeev K.P. 9448490241 [email protected]
3) Bhubaneshwar L.K. Pradhan A.C. Subudhi N. Jethi 9437073498
4) Chennai S.K. Aggarwal K V Ramachandran P Bhoopathy [email protected]
5) Jaipur R.S. Tyagi O.P. Rajpurohit K.C. Jani [email protected]
6) Kolkatta Animesh Chakraborty Ved Prakash Soumitra Kumar Deb-
7) Hyderabad M.B.S. Purushottam Er. Nuli Namassivaya R. Janardhan Rao [email protected]
8) Mumbai S.C. Khasgiwal P.K. Sharma P.S. Khurana [email protected]
9) Thanjavur Ms A. Chitra S. Periandavar G. Muthukrishnan [email protected]
10)Thiruvananthapuram - - - -
11) Pune Ashish Bhatnagar Ashok Kale Ravindra Rajnekar [email protected]
12) Guwahati C.B.S. Maurya R.C. Boro - -
Local Chapters
5
S. No. Name of Commitees Chairman Member
1. BES EXPO Event (Conference) I.I. George N Thiagarajan, M.S Duhan, J.K. Chandira,
Ms. Meenakshi Singhvi, Devesh Kumar, Rajender Kumar
2. BES EXPO Event (Exhibition) S.S. Bindra A.V. Swaminathan, D. P. Singh
3. BES Review Ashish Bhatnagar Ms. Meenakshi Singhavi, O.P. Rajpurohit,
Pradeep Mehra, Sunil Bhatia
4. Website Management K. Murugan
5. BES Awards N. Thiagarajan V. Sitaram, V. Srinivasvardan
6. Constitution Committee V. Appakutty R. Vardadrajan, S.Ramesh
7. New Member Induction S.C. Khasgiwal -
8. Seminar and Lectures Deepak Joshi Ms.
9. Innovative Ideas P.S. Shrivastava Anil Khandelwal, B.G. Nair
10. Local Chapters O.P. Rajpurohit Ms. A. Chtra T. Rajendiran, Nuli Namassivayam,
Pradip K Sharma
M.S. Duhan,
Neeral Goel, V. R. Hari, P. Narayanan
Meenakshi Singhvi, Devesh, K.Murugan,
Rajesh Chandra, Anila Shah Chaudhry
BES Committees
April'14 - September’14April'14 - September’14
BES (I) Council 2014-2016
4
O.K. Sharma
I.I.George
Anila Shah
V. Appakutty
S.S Bindra
K. Murugan
P.S. Shrivastava
Dinesh Pratap Singh
Neeraj Goel
N.A. Khan
Saurabh Sanyal
President
A.K. DixitImmediate Past President
Ashok LakhanpalPast President
Vice President
Om Prakash RajpurohitVice President
Pravin Kumar SinghHon. Secretary
R.C. BhatnagarHon. Treasurer
A.V Swaminathan Council Member
Deepak JoshiCouncil Member
Meenakshi SinghviCouncil Member
N. ThiyagrajanCouncil Member
Council Member
Council Member
Council Member
Council Member
Council Member
Council Member
Council Member
P.S. SundramPermanent Invitee
Animesh ChakrabortyPermanent Invitee
Permanent Invitee
Co-opted Member
Addl. Director General (E)
Addl. Director General (E)
CMD, Technomedia
Executive Director, PHD Chamber of Commerce
AIR & DD
Former Engineer-in-ChiefDoordarshan
Former Chief EngineerAll India Radio
AIR & DD
Asstt. EngineerDoordarshan
Director (Engg.)All India Radio
Former Addl. Director General (Engg.), DD
Former Chief EngineerAIR & DD
Dy. Director General (E)All India Radio
Dy. Director (E)All India Radio
Addl. Director General (E)AIR & DD
Asstt. EngineerDoordarshan
Former Chief EngineerAIR & DD
Former Chief EngineerAIR & DD
Director (Engg.)All India Radio
Director (Engg.)Doordarshan
Director (Engg.)Doordarshan
Dy. Director General (E)All India Radio
Engineer-in-Chief All India Radio
Engineer-in-Chief, Doordarshan
8750451819 [email protected]
9958581560 [email protected]
9868114396 [email protected]
9868233470 [email protected]
9414251557 [email protected]
9968993838 [email protected]
9968296792 [email protected]
9811470018 [email protected]
9435032256 [email protected]
9426302816 [email protected]
9445562769 [email protected]
9825956386 [email protected]
9444015580 [email protected]
9899968022 [email protected]
9971159629 [email protected]
9419171731 [email protected]
9868103141 [email protected]
9968326123 [email protected]
9811197746 [email protected]
9871178429 [email protected]
9871345550 [email protected],[email protected]
9650225333 [email protected]
Name Designation Mobile / E-mail
Chapter Chairperson Hon. Secretary Hon. Treasurer Tel. No. /E-mail.
1) Ahmedabad Chandira J.K. A.K. Gupta Ramesh Tele [email protected]
2) Bangalore Anil Mangalgi A. Hanumant Sanjeev K.P. 9448490241 [email protected]
3) Bhubaneshwar L.K. Pradhan A.C. Subudhi N. Jethi 9437073498
4) Chennai S.K. Aggarwal K V Ramachandran P Bhoopathy [email protected]
5) Jaipur R.S. Tyagi O.P. Rajpurohit K.C. Jani [email protected]
6) Kolkatta Animesh Chakraborty Ved Prakash Soumitra Kumar Deb-
7) Hyderabad M.B.S. Purushottam Er. Nuli Namassivaya R. Janardhan Rao [email protected]
8) Mumbai S.C. Khasgiwal P.K. Sharma P.S. Khurana [email protected]
9) Thanjavur Ms A. Chitra S. Periandavar G. Muthukrishnan [email protected]
10)Thiruvananthapuram - - - -
11) Pune Ashish Bhatnagar Ashok Kale Ravindra Rajnekar [email protected]
12) Guwahati C.B.S. Maurya R.C. Boro - -
Local Chapters
5
S. No. Name of Commitees Chairman Member
1. BES EXPO Event (Conference) I.I. George N Thiagarajan, M.S Duhan, J.K. Chandira,
Ms. Meenakshi Singhvi, Devesh Kumar, Rajender Kumar
2. BES EXPO Event (Exhibition) S.S. Bindra A.V. Swaminathan, D. P. Singh
3. BES Review Ashish Bhatnagar Ms. Meenakshi Singhavi, O.P. Rajpurohit,
Pradeep Mehra, Sunil Bhatia
4. Website Management K. Murugan
5. BES Awards N. Thiagarajan V. Sitaram, V. Srinivasvardan
6. Constitution Committee V. Appakutty R. Vardadrajan, S.Ramesh
7. New Member Induction S.C. Khasgiwal -
8. Seminar and Lectures Deepak Joshi Ms.
9. Innovative Ideas P.S. Shrivastava Anil Khandelwal, B.G. Nair
10. Local Chapters O.P. Rajpurohit Ms. A. Chtra T. Rajendiran, Nuli Namassivayam,
Pradip K Sharma
M.S. Duhan,
Neeral Goel, V. R. Hari, P. Narayanan
Meenakshi Singhvi, Devesh, K.Murugan,
Rajesh Chandra, Anila Shah Chaudhry
BES Committees
April'14 - September’14April'14 - September’14
Tryst with Towers ofAIR and Doordarshan
M.S. Duhan
Abstract: Prasar Bharati has about 1443 Towers (1266 of Doordarshan and 177 AIR FM Towers) for the installation of TV and FM Antennae. Doordarshan has 1412 Analog TV Transmitters across the country. Out of 1412 Transmitters for Doordarshan, 1136 Transmitters are for DD National, 168 for DD News and 108 for DD Regional services. AIR also has a huge network of about 584 Transmitters (MW-145, FM-391, SW-48). Towers are key organs for terrestrial Transmission. The towers are designed considering Wind zone, Seismic Zone and Environmental condition including water table & soil condition etc. besides the intended loads of Antenna, RF Feeder Cable etc. The towers need regular cares. This paper gives insight of towers which affect the coverage of Radio Waves.
Index Terms: ICAO, Antenna, Verticality, Fasteners, Aperture, ICNIRP
April'14 - September’14
101010101010101010106 11111111111111117April'14 - September’14
Tower height Coverage around (Mtrs) tower in Km
30 37
50 47
100 59
150 68
300 84
634 108
S.No Location of Tower Height Total Wt. of Structure TV Tower including fasteners
1. Mumbai 300 m 1120 t
2. Kilkata/Chennai 175 m 727 t
3. Kanpur 150 m 450 t
4. Pune 100 m 105 t
5. Mussoorie 91 m 165 t
6. Sambalpur 100 m guyed 163 t
Introduction: The steel lattice is the most widespread form of construction. It provides great strength, low weight and
Doordarshan and AIR have started digitalization of its wind resistance, and economy in the use of materials. nd
terrestrial network. Doordarshan has adopted 2 Lattices of triangular cross-section are most common generat ion of Digi tal Video Broadcast ing for Medium wave Radio and Low Power TV Antennas. (DVB)(Known as DVB-T2) and All India Radio has Square lattices are also widely used for these purposes. adopted Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM+). Even in the The guyed mast usually is constructed as the whole mast presence of huge number of DTH and Cable TV with parallel-side. Guyed masts shall be supported and Channels, a strong Terrestrial platform is critical to held in position by guy wires or ropes. As a general rule, healthy competition in the TV and Radio market and to o guys should be planted in three directions at 120 apart the realisation of a wide range of social and cultural
from each other. The distance from the base of the tower benefits and most essentially an all weather reliable
to the guy anchor base should be one quarter of the platforms for distribution of Radio and TV Signals. FM
height of the tower.broadcasting began on 23 July 1977 in Chennai and was expanded during the 1990s . Prasar Bharti is sharing its Reinforced concrete towers are relatively expensive to Towers on rental basis with Private FM Broadcasters build but provide a high degree of mechanical rigidity in under the Phase-I and Phase-II schemes of Private FM strong winds. Foundations for tower and mast structures Broadcasting of Government of India, in 86 cities where are designed to withstand the full expected dynamic 35 Pvt. Broadcasters having 248 FM channels are loads namely; antennae, feeders, wind loading, etc. The presently operating. In Phase-II scheme, it was design take cognisance of the geo-technical mandatory for Pvt. FM Broadcasters to co-locate their investigation findings on soil and wind conditions at the transmission facilities at the existing Transmission installation site for purposes of determining bearing Towers of AIR/DD. Cellular operators also uses TV pressures (vertical and horizontal), other sub-surface Towers. The importance of Towers is thus of Paramount conditions, the suitable foundation type (reinforced importance for broadcasting in India. concrete blocks, standard pad and column, raft, preset
rock anchors or piles), construction materials and 2. Radio and TV Towers: installation method.
These are typically, tall structures designed to support 3. Tower Size: The Tokyo Skytree, completed in antennas for broadcasting. The towers may be of various February 2012, has a height of 634 m and it is the tallest types; self supporting, Guyed, RCC cum Steel, all Steel. TV tower in world. The other significant tower is the
Eiffel Tower ,built by Eiffel & Company and b elow:-completed on March 31, 1889 with a height of about 312 M. The tower’s weight is 10,000 tons, including 7,300 tons of metal framework. It took two years, two months and five days to complete The factor of safety of this tower is 4. The tower is repainted every five years with 50 tons of paint . India has highest Tower of 300 M height at Mumbai, Fazilka, Ramgarh(Jaiselmer), Rameshvaram and Amritsar . Generally FM Towers are 100 M high and TV Towers are 150 M High. The Low Power TV Relay centres have typically 30 M and 45 M High towers. AIR FM and TV Towers have been designed with a factor of safety of 2. Cost of typical 150
M Self supporting steel tower is generally about Rs. 4 Cr. , while 45 M SS Tower may cost about Rs
When there is no aperture for 16 Lacs and their life is about 50 the antenna, it may be Years. The evolution of TV and mounted at any platform or Radio in terrestrial mode is slanting portion of tower, u n s t o p p a b l e , a s t h e i r albeit the radiation pattern technological advancements will be affected. In such case have given new options for panel type antenna can not be delivery of Video, Audio and mounted. The coverage area Data services and even to think from the transmitting system o f d i sband ing t e r r e s t r i a l increases with the height of transmission in broadcasting in their antenna keeping all parameters same. The typical presence of other alternative coverage with 20 kW VHF Transmitter in a plane area is p l a t f o r m s i s s l i g h t l y tabulated for reference.preposterous. The viewing
experience with HDTV will be great and if attractive content is transmitted, terrestrial TV will become boon to the nation to have multiple Channels for Fixed TV and mobile reception in Smartphones, PC, moving
vehicles and Radio and that too in plenty with a single Transmitter. Similarly Radio services in terrestrial mode will continue to serve the Indian masses in all weather conditions.
4. Tower Apertures: AIR and DD antennae require predesigned apertures (having specific width and height) on the tower for mounting TV and FM antenna. TV towers also have aperture for FM antenna. As such wherever aperture for FM on TV tower is available, AIR 5. Verticality and Maximum Deflection of Toweris using TV tower. At some places, the FM towers which
Tower verticality affects the radiation pattern of the are 100 M high, aperture for TV has also been kept and antenna. So the tower should be vertical after erection DD is using the same. The typical requirement of and no straining shall be permitted to achieve this. aperture size for TV and FM antenna is as tabulated The erection tolerance of vertically shall be within
J.C Bose keenly studied and experimented the properties of electric waves at Kolkata. He built an unique and highly sensitive ‘Coherer’ or radio receiver. He started believing that metals too had “feelings”. Radio Towers also exhibit great feelings. The height and weight of some of the TV Towers is as below:-
Length Cross Section
Band II (FM) 18000 mm 2500 mm 2000Kg 4000 Kg
Band III (TV) 20000 mm 1200 mm 4800 Kg 7300 Kg
UHF Band IV TV 20000 mm 640 mm 4700 Kg 7000 Kg
Interface for Band — 640 mm 350 Kg 600 Kg IV/V (TV)
1 kW TV Antenna 8000 mm Top Mounted 110-300 Kg 400 Kg
Microwave dish of — — 150 Kg Depends 2m diameter upon design
Wind Loadof AntennaSystem at216 Km/H
Type ofAntenna
Size ofAperture
Net Weightof
Antenna
Tryst with Towers ofAIR and Doordarshan
M.S. Duhan
Abstract: Prasar Bharati has about 1443 Towers (1266 of Doordarshan and 177 AIR FM Towers) for the installation of TV and FM Antennae. Doordarshan has 1412 Analog TV Transmitters across the country. Out of 1412 Transmitters for Doordarshan, 1136 Transmitters are for DD National, 168 for DD News and 108 for DD Regional services. AIR also has a huge network of about 584 Transmitters (MW-145, FM-391, SW-48). Towers are key organs for terrestrial Transmission. The towers are designed considering Wind zone, Seismic Zone and Environmental condition including water table & soil condition etc. besides the intended loads of Antenna, RF Feeder Cable etc. The towers need regular cares. This paper gives insight of towers which affect the coverage of Radio Waves.
Index Terms: ICAO, Antenna, Verticality, Fasteners, Aperture, ICNIRP
April'14 - September’14
101010101010101010106 11111111111111117April'14 - September’14
Tower height Coverage around (Mtrs) tower in Km
30 37
50 47
100 59
150 68
300 84
634 108
S.No Location of Tower Height Total Wt. of Structure TV Tower including fasteners
1. Mumbai 300 m 1120 t
2. Kilkata/Chennai 175 m 727 t
3. Kanpur 150 m 450 t
4. Pune 100 m 105 t
5. Mussoorie 91 m 165 t
6. Sambalpur 100 m guyed 163 t
Introduction: The steel lattice is the most widespread form of construction. It provides great strength, low weight and
Doordarshan and AIR have started digitalization of its wind resistance, and economy in the use of materials. nd
terrestrial network. Doordarshan has adopted 2 Lattices of triangular cross-section are most common generat ion of Digi tal Video Broadcast ing for Medium wave Radio and Low Power TV Antennas. (DVB)(Known as DVB-T2) and All India Radio has Square lattices are also widely used for these purposes. adopted Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM+). Even in the The guyed mast usually is constructed as the whole mast presence of huge number of DTH and Cable TV with parallel-side. Guyed masts shall be supported and Channels, a strong Terrestrial platform is critical to held in position by guy wires or ropes. As a general rule, healthy competition in the TV and Radio market and to o guys should be planted in three directions at 120 apart the realisation of a wide range of social and cultural
from each other. The distance from the base of the tower benefits and most essentially an all weather reliable
to the guy anchor base should be one quarter of the platforms for distribution of Radio and TV Signals. FM
height of the tower.broadcasting began on 23 July 1977 in Chennai and was expanded during the 1990s . Prasar Bharti is sharing its Reinforced concrete towers are relatively expensive to Towers on rental basis with Private FM Broadcasters build but provide a high degree of mechanical rigidity in under the Phase-I and Phase-II schemes of Private FM strong winds. Foundations for tower and mast structures Broadcasting of Government of India, in 86 cities where are designed to withstand the full expected dynamic 35 Pvt. Broadcasters having 248 FM channels are loads namely; antennae, feeders, wind loading, etc. The presently operating. In Phase-II scheme, it was design take cognisance of the geo-technical mandatory for Pvt. FM Broadcasters to co-locate their investigation findings on soil and wind conditions at the transmission facilities at the existing Transmission installation site for purposes of determining bearing Towers of AIR/DD. Cellular operators also uses TV pressures (vertical and horizontal), other sub-surface Towers. The importance of Towers is thus of Paramount conditions, the suitable foundation type (reinforced importance for broadcasting in India. concrete blocks, standard pad and column, raft, preset
rock anchors or piles), construction materials and 2. Radio and TV Towers: installation method.
These are typically, tall structures designed to support 3. Tower Size: The Tokyo Skytree, completed in antennas for broadcasting. The towers may be of various February 2012, has a height of 634 m and it is the tallest types; self supporting, Guyed, RCC cum Steel, all Steel. TV tower in world. The other significant tower is the
Eiffel Tower ,built by Eiffel & Company and b elow:-completed on March 31, 1889 with a height of about 312 M. The tower’s weight is 10,000 tons, including 7,300 tons of metal framework. It took two years, two months and five days to complete The factor of safety of this tower is 4. The tower is repainted every five years with 50 tons of paint . India has highest Tower of 300 M height at Mumbai, Fazilka, Ramgarh(Jaiselmer), Rameshvaram and Amritsar . Generally FM Towers are 100 M high and TV Towers are 150 M High. The Low Power TV Relay centres have typically 30 M and 45 M High towers. AIR FM and TV Towers have been designed with a factor of safety of 2. Cost of typical 150
M Self supporting steel tower is generally about Rs. 4 Cr. , while 45 M SS Tower may cost about Rs
When there is no aperture for 16 Lacs and their life is about 50 the antenna, it may be Years. The evolution of TV and mounted at any platform or Radio in terrestrial mode is slanting portion of tower, u n s t o p p a b l e , a s t h e i r albeit the radiation pattern technological advancements will be affected. In such case have given new options for panel type antenna can not be delivery of Video, Audio and mounted. The coverage area Data services and even to think from the transmitting system o f d i sband ing t e r r e s t r i a l increases with the height of transmission in broadcasting in their antenna keeping all parameters same. The typical presence of other alternative coverage with 20 kW VHF Transmitter in a plane area is p l a t f o r m s i s s l i g h t l y tabulated for reference.preposterous. The viewing
experience with HDTV will be great and if attractive content is transmitted, terrestrial TV will become boon to the nation to have multiple Channels for Fixed TV and mobile reception in Smartphones, PC, moving
vehicles and Radio and that too in plenty with a single Transmitter. Similarly Radio services in terrestrial mode will continue to serve the Indian masses in all weather conditions.
4. Tower Apertures: AIR and DD antennae require predesigned apertures (having specific width and height) on the tower for mounting TV and FM antenna. TV towers also have aperture for FM antenna. As such wherever aperture for FM on TV tower is available, AIR 5. Verticality and Maximum Deflection of Toweris using TV tower. At some places, the FM towers which
Tower verticality affects the radiation pattern of the are 100 M high, aperture for TV has also been kept and antenna. So the tower should be vertical after erection DD is using the same. The typical requirement of and no straining shall be permitted to achieve this. aperture size for TV and FM antenna is as tabulated The erection tolerance of vertically shall be within
J.C Bose keenly studied and experimented the properties of electric waves at Kolkata. He built an unique and highly sensitive ‘Coherer’ or radio receiver. He started believing that metals too had “feelings”. Radio Towers also exhibit great feelings. The height and weight of some of the TV Towers is as below:-
Length Cross Section
Band II (FM) 18000 mm 2500 mm 2000Kg 4000 Kg
Band III (TV) 20000 mm 1200 mm 4800 Kg 7300 Kg
UHF Band IV TV 20000 mm 640 mm 4700 Kg 7000 Kg
Interface for Band — 640 mm 350 Kg 600 Kg IV/V (TV)
1 kW TV Antenna 8000 mm Top Mounted 110-300 Kg 400 Kg
Microwave dish of — — 150 Kg Depends 2m diameter upon design
Wind Loadof AntennaSystem at216 Km/H
Type ofAntenna
Size ofAperture
Net Weightof
Antenna
April'14 - September’14
101010101010101010108 11111111111111119April'14 - September’14
25mm every 9100mm, subject to over all verticality of cause of tower failures. The lack of engineering-tower within 50mm after erection of full height of tower related oversight is primarily to blame. Poor and stage wise corrective action shall be taken to judgment and/or lack of basic engineering skills achieve the above. The maximum deflection of the axis displayed by crews during new tower erection and of tower shall not be more than 1/100 of tower height reinforcement of existing structures significantly from vertical at various levels including top, under increased the risk of failure. Many of these errors maximum wind and other critical loading condition. stem from less-than-adequate understanding of the
temporary, construction-related forces applied to 6. Tower Strengthening; Design issues: In case of
the tower and foundations, during erection and increase in wind zone or addition of new antenna loads,
reinforcement projects. The four most common the strengthening of Towers is to be carried out after
reasons for tower failure during construction are: carrying out their load analysis and modeling with
Limited understanding of engineering principles by computer software. The minimum factor of safety for
crew members, Insufficient Rigging Plan, towers should be two, based on their ultimate tensile
Inadequate Reinforcement for Construction Loads strength. The load carrying capacity in tension and
and Guy Wire Slippage.compression for each member is based on IS: 800-2007 working stress method. Next comparison of the • Hurricanes, Tornadoes and Straight Line Winds computed member forces is carried out with the member is another reason of disasters. As with Ice and Wind capacities. The ratio of computed member force and the with Ice failures, sub-par design, fabrication and corresponding member capacity is called as “Stress installation techniques are frequently to blame. The Ratio”. If this ratio is less than 1.0, then the member is design of many structures is now considered safe and no strengthening is required. If the stress ratio obsolete due to inadequate and/or inaccurate wind is more than 1.0, it means that member capacity is less speed maps and oversimplified, outdated methods than the force it is required to carry. The other important of calculating wind force. Exposure categories issue is slenderness ratio. In structural engineering relate to ground roughness which may affect wind calculations, the slenderness is often denoted as the velocity by reducing or increasing the wind speed, element’s “effective” length divided by something deviating from the wind velocity specified in BIS called the radius of gyration. The radius of gyration is a Design Code.measure of the average distance of the material from the
• Overloading of tower is yet another factor causing centroid (centre of gravity) of the element’s cross
tower failure. Extra load of new antenna etc. should section. The higher the slenderness ratio, the more
be added after carrying out necessary strengthening slender the structural element is. The slender a structural
of the tower.element is allowed to be depends upon the material it is made from. Steel can be more slender than concrete. The • Failure to properly maintain the tower and other factors in design includes basic wind speed as per Aviation-related incidents, are also leading causes the IS:875-part 3- 1987, Risk factor k1for 50 years life, of tower failure. Corrosion of unprotected and Terrain /height factor k2 for mean hourly wind speed buried steel members can cause anchor failure.and terrain type, Topography factor k3 and Gust factor
8. Tower Cares:. No load-carrying angle bar/lattice should be smaller than 50 x 50 x 6mm. The minimum thickness of gussets Towers require regular maintenance for purposes of and similar plates on the main structure should be 8mm. early detection of deterioration and as a mandatory
measure to prevent breakdowns and the attendant 7. Causes of Tower
consequences.Failures: Some of significant reasons of a. Fasteners: The tower members and other tower failures are as components of structure are connected/assembled below:- by means of nuts and bolts with locking nuts or
spring washer. The fasteners need to be checked • C o n s t r u c t i o n
atleast once in a year, as due to various forces these Errors are the
may be lost or skewed. m o s t c o m m o n
• While replacing them movements. Check for erosion. Check general site the quality of steel condition (standing water, drainage, trees etc.). used for nuts, bolts, Water logging area near to the foundation of the washers etc. should tower should be prevented. The water channel be confirming to should be provided to divert the rain water beyond m e c h a n i c a l the foundation of the tower base. Impervious aprons properties as per may be provided around the four legs of the IS:1367/79 (with pedestals so that no ingress of water into the latest amendments) foundation soil/strata takes place. It should have and dimension to proper slope to facilitate flow of surface water IS:6639 (with latest amendments). outside the foundation area. Check bolts, nuts and
lock nuts for tightness. • The heads being forged out of solid, truly concentric
C h e c k g r o u t and square with the shank and shall be perfectly
condition. Annual straight. All bolts shall have hexagonal heads and
measurement of the hexagonal nuts. The bolts should be threaded with
levels at the four standard threads to take the full depth of the nut.
corners of the tower • All nuts should fit tight to the bolts. No appreciable footing should be
fillet should exist at the point where shank of the checked and in case of bolt connects to the head. any deviation the
t ower shou ld be • Lock nuts/spring washers should be provided to all
checked fo r any bolts and nuts. To prevent excessive bending stress
d e v i a t i o n i n i t s in bolts or to reduce bending stress to minimum, no
verticality and status bolt shall be connected for an aggregate thickness of
of the tower members.more than three times diameter of the bolt. Check bolts, nuts and lock nuts for tightness. d. Earth resistance:
• Check that no bolts or nuts or any bolting part like The tower earth resistance should be measured washers, pins, etc is missing. annually. Typical earth resistance should be nearly 1
ohm and in case of higher resistance it should be • Replace these immediately.
treated. Resistivity at any depth is related to the • Check bolts, nuts and bolting parts for corrosion. diameter of the earth rod, the target resistance and
the depth to which the earth electrode is driven into b. Damage/Bend in any member:
the soil by: R = (p / 275L) ×log (400L / d), where R 10
• Check that there are is the target resistance, p is the resistivity of the soil, n o s t r u c t u r e L is the length of electrode in meters, d is the components missing diameter of electrode in cm. Where good grounding . Check that bars are cannot be obtained at a reasonable depth, a three n e i t h e r w a r p e d , meter pit shall be dug and partly filled with layers of holed nor spitted and carbon, salt and manure and backfilled firmly.replace all defective
For earthing of lightening arrestor, Copper bond parts. earth rods made up of copper electrolytically
• C h e c k s t r u c t u r e bonded onto a high tensile steel core should be components for corrosion .Physical check up be driven into the ground to varying depths dictated by carried out periodically and in case of any bending earth resistivity measurements. Several lengths of of members, it should be analysed and remedial the rod may be driven into the ground and each measures be taken. length coupled to the next through coupling threads.
The number of earth rods driven into the ground at c. Tower Base Foundation: Check for settlements or the optimum depth shall be such that is necessary to
Missing bolt in a lower panelMissing bolt in a lower panel
Bend in main diagonal BraceBend in main diagonal Brace
Photo of failed tower
April'14 - September’14
101010101010101010108 11111111111111119April'14 - September’14
25mm every 9100mm, subject to over all verticality of cause of tower failures. The lack of engineering-tower within 50mm after erection of full height of tower related oversight is primarily to blame. Poor and stage wise corrective action shall be taken to judgment and/or lack of basic engineering skills achieve the above. The maximum deflection of the axis displayed by crews during new tower erection and of tower shall not be more than 1/100 of tower height reinforcement of existing structures significantly from vertical at various levels including top, under increased the risk of failure. Many of these errors maximum wind and other critical loading condition. stem from less-than-adequate understanding of the
temporary, construction-related forces applied to 6. Tower Strengthening; Design issues: In case of
the tower and foundations, during erection and increase in wind zone or addition of new antenna loads,
reinforcement projects. The four most common the strengthening of Towers is to be carried out after
reasons for tower failure during construction are: carrying out their load analysis and modeling with
Limited understanding of engineering principles by computer software. The minimum factor of safety for
crew members, Insufficient Rigging Plan, towers should be two, based on their ultimate tensile
Inadequate Reinforcement for Construction Loads strength. The load carrying capacity in tension and
and Guy Wire Slippage.compression for each member is based on IS: 800-2007 working stress method. Next comparison of the • Hurricanes, Tornadoes and Straight Line Winds computed member forces is carried out with the member is another reason of disasters. As with Ice and Wind capacities. The ratio of computed member force and the with Ice failures, sub-par design, fabrication and corresponding member capacity is called as “Stress installation techniques are frequently to blame. The Ratio”. If this ratio is less than 1.0, then the member is design of many structures is now considered safe and no strengthening is required. If the stress ratio obsolete due to inadequate and/or inaccurate wind is more than 1.0, it means that member capacity is less speed maps and oversimplified, outdated methods than the force it is required to carry. The other important of calculating wind force. Exposure categories issue is slenderness ratio. In structural engineering relate to ground roughness which may affect wind calculations, the slenderness is often denoted as the velocity by reducing or increasing the wind speed, element’s “effective” length divided by something deviating from the wind velocity specified in BIS called the radius of gyration. The radius of gyration is a Design Code.measure of the average distance of the material from the
• Overloading of tower is yet another factor causing centroid (centre of gravity) of the element’s cross
tower failure. Extra load of new antenna etc. should section. The higher the slenderness ratio, the more
be added after carrying out necessary strengthening slender the structural element is. The slender a structural
of the tower.element is allowed to be depends upon the material it is made from. Steel can be more slender than concrete. The • Failure to properly maintain the tower and other factors in design includes basic wind speed as per Aviation-related incidents, are also leading causes the IS:875-part 3- 1987, Risk factor k1for 50 years life, of tower failure. Corrosion of unprotected and Terrain /height factor k2 for mean hourly wind speed buried steel members can cause anchor failure.and terrain type, Topography factor k3 and Gust factor
8. Tower Cares:. No load-carrying angle bar/lattice should be smaller than 50 x 50 x 6mm. The minimum thickness of gussets Towers require regular maintenance for purposes of and similar plates on the main structure should be 8mm. early detection of deterioration and as a mandatory
measure to prevent breakdowns and the attendant 7. Causes of Tower
consequences.Failures: Some of significant reasons of a. Fasteners: The tower members and other tower failures are as components of structure are connected/assembled below:- by means of nuts and bolts with locking nuts or
spring washer. The fasteners need to be checked • C o n s t r u c t i o n
atleast once in a year, as due to various forces these Errors are the
may be lost or skewed. m o s t c o m m o n
• While replacing them movements. Check for erosion. Check general site the quality of steel condition (standing water, drainage, trees etc.). used for nuts, bolts, Water logging area near to the foundation of the washers etc. should tower should be prevented. The water channel be confirming to should be provided to divert the rain water beyond m e c h a n i c a l the foundation of the tower base. Impervious aprons properties as per may be provided around the four legs of the IS:1367/79 (with pedestals so that no ingress of water into the latest amendments) foundation soil/strata takes place. It should have and dimension to proper slope to facilitate flow of surface water IS:6639 (with latest amendments). outside the foundation area. Check bolts, nuts and
lock nuts for tightness. • The heads being forged out of solid, truly concentric
C h e c k g r o u t and square with the shank and shall be perfectly
condition. Annual straight. All bolts shall have hexagonal heads and
measurement of the hexagonal nuts. The bolts should be threaded with
levels at the four standard threads to take the full depth of the nut.
corners of the tower • All nuts should fit tight to the bolts. No appreciable footing should be
fillet should exist at the point where shank of the checked and in case of bolt connects to the head. any deviation the
t ower shou ld be • Lock nuts/spring washers should be provided to all
checked fo r any bolts and nuts. To prevent excessive bending stress
d e v i a t i o n i n i t s in bolts or to reduce bending stress to minimum, no
verticality and status bolt shall be connected for an aggregate thickness of
of the tower members.more than three times diameter of the bolt. Check bolts, nuts and lock nuts for tightness. d. Earth resistance:
• Check that no bolts or nuts or any bolting part like The tower earth resistance should be measured washers, pins, etc is missing. annually. Typical earth resistance should be nearly 1
ohm and in case of higher resistance it should be • Replace these immediately.
treated. Resistivity at any depth is related to the • Check bolts, nuts and bolting parts for corrosion. diameter of the earth rod, the target resistance and
the depth to which the earth electrode is driven into b. Damage/Bend in any member:
the soil by: R = (p / 275L) ×log (400L / d), where R 10
• Check that there are is the target resistance, p is the resistivity of the soil, n o s t r u c t u r e L is the length of electrode in meters, d is the components missing diameter of electrode in cm. Where good grounding . Check that bars are cannot be obtained at a reasonable depth, a three n e i t h e r w a r p e d , meter pit shall be dug and partly filled with layers of holed nor spitted and carbon, salt and manure and backfilled firmly.replace all defective
For earthing of lightening arrestor, Copper bond parts. earth rods made up of copper electrolytically
• C h e c k s t r u c t u r e bonded onto a high tensile steel core should be components for corrosion .Physical check up be driven into the ground to varying depths dictated by carried out periodically and in case of any bending earth resistivity measurements. Several lengths of of members, it should be analysed and remedial the rod may be driven into the ground and each measures be taken. length coupled to the next through coupling threads.
The number of earth rods driven into the ground at c. Tower Base Foundation: Check for settlements or the optimum depth shall be such that is necessary to
Missing bolt in a lower panelMissing bolt in a lower panel
Bend in main diagonal BraceBend in main diagonal Brace
Photo of failed tower
About The Author
Sh. M. S. Duhan is an officer of 1988 batch of IB(E)S and has a rich experience of Transmitters, Earth Stations and Studios of AIR and Doordarshan. He possesses degree in Electrical Engineering, MBA and Master of Mass Communication. He has been recipient of Doordarshan Awards four times, for the best maintained High Power Transmitters & Doordarshan Maintenance Centres in the years 2002, 2005, 2007 and 2010 .
He has inspected India's first HDTV Antenna system at works of M/s SIRA Milan and Digital Terrestrial Television at the works of M/s Harris, Quincy, IL, USA.
Currently he is posted at DG:DD New Delhi and is responsible for planning , implementation of TV Transmitters and spectrum Management for Doordarshan.
Email: [email protected] Phone: +9123383840 Mobile: +919013462293
April'14 - September’14
1010101010101010101010 111111111111111111April'14 - September’14
achieve a suitably low resistance. k. Painting: The lattice steel portion of tower should be painted after every 5 years in normal cases and
e. Aviation lights: Aviation obstruction lights after 3 years in such cases where tower is in the
including beacon light should be as per vicinity of sea cost/desert/snow-bound area/heavy
(ICAO) rainy area etc.) . One coat of Zinc Rich Epoxy
norms and in case of their failure it need to be primer conforming to IS: 5666 and final Two coats
attended immediately. The electrical wiring should of synthetic enamel conforming to latest IS:2932
also be checked for its proper functioning.(colour, international orange & white.) need to be
f. Concrete blocks: . Check the good condition of carried out. The final coats of paint on tower should above ground concrete block parts. There must not be painted with synthetic enamel to have alternate be any water collection, cracking or splitting, band of international orange and white colors with chipped or broken concrete. Check the condition of top and bottom bands painted in international anchor setting in the concrete block. Check anchor- orange as per civil aviation regulation. The width of bolt corrosion. the orange band shall be double width of the white
band. All care should be taken in painting the tower, g. A n t i c o r r o s i o n
if environmental & pollution condition of tower site protection: . Check all
(such as near sea cost/desert/snow-bound galvanised members for
area/heavy rainy area etc.) warrants special paint integrity. Check paint
should be applied on tower. condition. Check for signs of corrosion on the l. During erection/maintenance all persons involved structure, of the bolts, must have a current Workmen’s Compensation bolt ing accessories , policy from a reputable insurance company to such h a r n e s s e s , a n t e n n a amount as may from time to time be specified by the supports, etc. For guyed Govt. All the towers should be insured by their m a s t s , c h e c k f o r owners against third party claims in the event of corrosion on the entire collapse.guy assembly.
m. Inspections: All towers shall be subjected to h. Salty environment: Wash the structure and inspection at least once in a year, to assess the
accessories with clean water once every six months structural condition of the tower and support to eliminate residue salt particles in costal areas. equipment by a mast technician designated by
Zonal office.i. Rusted Parts of Tower
Safety components: . Check that access ladder is in first good condition. Check rest and work platforms for thorough check of the structure should be carried defects, wear and tear. Check that all safety components out 6 months after its installation and erection. are existing and complete.
j. Guyed Masts: . Check that each cable that is part of the guy wire is neither broken nor warped. Measure the tension of each guy wire using a strand dynamometer and compare result with the values at the time of installation. Check guy wires condition
tempest, hurricane, tornado, and after the (corrosion, breaks, nicks, kinks, etc). Check that
installation of an additional load like antennas on the guy wire tightening system is properly greased.
the structure Check for loose or missing fasteners. . Check base for settlement, movement or earth cracks. Check backfill heaped over concrete for water shedding. Check anchor rod condition below earth. Check for signs of corrosion and take remedial timely steps. Ensure anchor head is clear of earth.
the International Civil Aviation Organization
Major inspections shall be performed at least once in every 3 years for guyed towers and every 5 years for self-supporting towers but the
Shorter inspection intervals of 2 years for guyed towers and three years for self supporting towers shall be obligatory for structures in coastal salt water environments, in corrosive atmospheres, and in areas that are prone to vandalism. The towers should be inspected after severe winds conditions like
loading conditions.
n. The International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) provides scientific advice and guidance on the health and environmental effects of non-ionizing radiation (NIR) to protect people and the environment from
detrimental NIR exposure. So engineering and administrative measures need to be taken to prevent the occupational staff and general public from the exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields .
ICNIRP for limiting exposure to t ime varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 Ghz).
6. Report of AIR Resource Cell .
Radio 839 number of FM Channels are to be auctioned in 294 cities. Prasar Bharati is also sharing its
infrastructure with IGNOU for their Gyanvani FM Transmitters in 37 cities. Some of the Mobile service providers are also sharing infrastructure with Prasar Bharati. Presently, there are 10 operators using Prasar
9. Revenue generation by Towers:Bharati infrastructure in 49 cities.Prasar Bharati has
Prasar Bharti is sharing its Towers along with generated gross revenue of Rs. 1.5 crores(approx.) open/covered space on rental basis with Private FM during 2011-12.
Broadcasters under the 10. Conclusions: AIR and Doordarshan Towers are
Phase-I and Phase-II National assets to transmit Radio, TV and mobile
schemes of Private FM signals. They are of varying heights, designed to
B r o a d c a s t i n g o f withstand antenna loads and sustain the wind loads. The
Government of India, in towers are long lasting creations and need periodic
86 cities where 35 Pvt. cares. Towers also generate revenues by hauling up the
broadcasters having 248 antenna of Pvt. FM operators and cellular operators.
F M c h a n n e l s a r e presently operating. In References:Phase-II scheme, it was
1. Technical Specifications of DD and AIR Towersmandatory for Pvt. FM Broadcasters to co-locate 2. Inspection Report of IIT Roorkee of 150 M TV t h e i r t r a n s m i s s i o n Tower at Chhattarpurfacilities at the existing
3. Periodical Reports and Field visits and Practices Transmission Towers of
& Experiences with DD and AIR TowersAIR/DD. Prasar Bharati has generated gross 4. Guidelines on technical specifications for the revenue of Rs. 40.79 installation of telecommunications masts and crores during 2011-12 towers by Nigerian Communications Act, 2003f r o m t h e s e P v t .
5. Broadcasters. Under the newly announced Policy for Pvt. FM broadcasting under Phase-III by the G O I , t h e P v t .
Broadcasters shall have to co-locate their transmission facilities with Prasar Bharati wherever AIR/DD infrastructure is available. In the third phase of FM
guidelines
Rusted Parts of Tower
About The Author
Sh. M. S. Duhan is an officer of 1988 batch of IB(E)S and has a rich experience of Transmitters, Earth Stations and Studios of AIR and Doordarshan. He possesses degree in Electrical Engineering, MBA and Master of Mass Communication. He has been recipient of Doordarshan Awards four times, for the best maintained High Power Transmitters & Doordarshan Maintenance Centres in the years 2002, 2005, 2007 and 2010 .
He has inspected India's first HDTV Antenna system at works of M/s SIRA Milan and Digital Terrestrial Television at the works of M/s Harris, Quincy, IL, USA.
Currently he is posted at DG:DD New Delhi and is responsible for planning , implementation of TV Transmitters and spectrum Management for Doordarshan.
Email: [email protected] Phone: +9123383840 Mobile: +919013462293
April'14 - September’14
1010101010101010101010 111111111111111111April'14 - September’14
achieve a suitably low resistance. k. Painting: The lattice steel portion of tower should be painted after every 5 years in normal cases and
e. Aviation lights: Aviation obstruction lights after 3 years in such cases where tower is in the
including beacon light should be as per vicinity of sea cost/desert/snow-bound area/heavy
(ICAO) rainy area etc.) . One coat of Zinc Rich Epoxy
norms and in case of their failure it need to be primer conforming to IS: 5666 and final Two coats
attended immediately. The electrical wiring should of synthetic enamel conforming to latest IS:2932
also be checked for its proper functioning.(colour, international orange & white.) need to be
f. Concrete blocks: . Check the good condition of carried out. The final coats of paint on tower should above ground concrete block parts. There must not be painted with synthetic enamel to have alternate be any water collection, cracking or splitting, band of international orange and white colors with chipped or broken concrete. Check the condition of top and bottom bands painted in international anchor setting in the concrete block. Check anchor- orange as per civil aviation regulation. The width of bolt corrosion. the orange band shall be double width of the white
band. All care should be taken in painting the tower, g. A n t i c o r r o s i o n
if environmental & pollution condition of tower site protection: . Check all
(such as near sea cost/desert/snow-bound galvanised members for
area/heavy rainy area etc.) warrants special paint integrity. Check paint
should be applied on tower. condition. Check for signs of corrosion on the l. During erection/maintenance all persons involved structure, of the bolts, must have a current Workmen’s Compensation bolt ing accessories , policy from a reputable insurance company to such h a r n e s s e s , a n t e n n a amount as may from time to time be specified by the supports, etc. For guyed Govt. All the towers should be insured by their m a s t s , c h e c k f o r owners against third party claims in the event of corrosion on the entire collapse.guy assembly.
m. Inspections: All towers shall be subjected to h. Salty environment: Wash the structure and inspection at least once in a year, to assess the
accessories with clean water once every six months structural condition of the tower and support to eliminate residue salt particles in costal areas. equipment by a mast technician designated by
Zonal office.i. Rusted Parts of Tower
Safety components: . Check that access ladder is in first good condition. Check rest and work platforms for thorough check of the structure should be carried defects, wear and tear. Check that all safety components out 6 months after its installation and erection. are existing and complete.
j. Guyed Masts: . Check that each cable that is part of the guy wire is neither broken nor warped. Measure the tension of each guy wire using a strand dynamometer and compare result with the values at the time of installation. Check guy wires condition
tempest, hurricane, tornado, and after the (corrosion, breaks, nicks, kinks, etc). Check that
installation of an additional load like antennas on the guy wire tightening system is properly greased.
the structure Check for loose or missing fasteners. . Check base for settlement, movement or earth cracks. Check backfill heaped over concrete for water shedding. Check anchor rod condition below earth. Check for signs of corrosion and take remedial timely steps. Ensure anchor head is clear of earth.
the International Civil Aviation Organization
Major inspections shall be performed at least once in every 3 years for guyed towers and every 5 years for self-supporting towers but the
Shorter inspection intervals of 2 years for guyed towers and three years for self supporting towers shall be obligatory for structures in coastal salt water environments, in corrosive atmospheres, and in areas that are prone to vandalism. The towers should be inspected after severe winds conditions like
loading conditions.
n. The International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) provides scientific advice and guidance on the health and environmental effects of non-ionizing radiation (NIR) to protect people and the environment from
detrimental NIR exposure. So engineering and administrative measures need to be taken to prevent the occupational staff and general public from the exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields .
ICNIRP for limiting exposure to t ime varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 Ghz).
6. Report of AIR Resource Cell .
Radio 839 number of FM Channels are to be auctioned in 294 cities. Prasar Bharati is also sharing its
infrastructure with IGNOU for their Gyanvani FM Transmitters in 37 cities. Some of the Mobile service providers are also sharing infrastructure with Prasar Bharati. Presently, there are 10 operators using Prasar
9. Revenue generation by Towers:Bharati infrastructure in 49 cities.Prasar Bharati has
Prasar Bharti is sharing its Towers along with generated gross revenue of Rs. 1.5 crores(approx.) open/covered space on rental basis with Private FM during 2011-12.
Broadcasters under the 10. Conclusions: AIR and Doordarshan Towers are
Phase-I and Phase-II National assets to transmit Radio, TV and mobile
schemes of Private FM signals. They are of varying heights, designed to
B r o a d c a s t i n g o f withstand antenna loads and sustain the wind loads. The
Government of India, in towers are long lasting creations and need periodic
86 cities where 35 Pvt. cares. Towers also generate revenues by hauling up the
broadcasters having 248 antenna of Pvt. FM operators and cellular operators.
F M c h a n n e l s a r e presently operating. In References:Phase-II scheme, it was
1. Technical Specifications of DD and AIR Towersmandatory for Pvt. FM Broadcasters to co-locate 2. Inspection Report of IIT Roorkee of 150 M TV t h e i r t r a n s m i s s i o n Tower at Chhattarpurfacilities at the existing
3. Periodical Reports and Field visits and Practices Transmission Towers of
& Experiences with DD and AIR TowersAIR/DD. Prasar Bharati has generated gross 4. Guidelines on technical specifications for the revenue of Rs. 40.79 installation of telecommunications masts and crores during 2011-12 towers by Nigerian Communications Act, 2003f r o m t h e s e P v t .
5. Broadcasters. Under the newly announced Policy for Pvt. FM broadcasting under Phase-III by the G O I , t h e P v t .
Broadcasters shall have to co-locate their transmission facilities with Prasar Bharati wherever AIR/DD infrastructure is available. In the third phase of FM
guidelines
Rusted Parts of Tower
Broadcast is basically communication of any money within a short duration of time. The law of audio/visual content to public by diffusion of signals concerned country grants concerned author monopoly through wire/wireless means. This communication to and protection to the book in form of copyright so that public is subject matter of law concerned with no one can copy or reproduce the concerned book intellectual property right (hereinafter referred as 'IPR') tilltime period prescribed by the relevant copyright law and is an integral part of broadcasting activity. Before is over. Similarly, a blockbuster audio/visual considering the importance of intellectual property programme, documentary, film or news items makes a rights for broadcasting it is essential to understand the broadcastingorganisation famous and well ahead all concept of intellectual property right. competitors in the broadcasting field. The broadcasting
entity has monopoly and protectionof its broadcast by IPR is in essence legal rights flowing from intellectual virtue of relevant copyright law as an individual(of activity in the field of science, art, literature or industry. course with minor variations) as mentioned in the above Whatever a person creates or invents from intellectual book example. It is worth reminding here that for law effort which is capable of earing wealth by proper audio or visual broadcasting is same. The same concept exploitation can said to be IPR. Since it is essentially a of monopoly and protection applies to product/service creation of mind, therefore, it is called IPR. Inventions, of a company or firm which has monopoly over its industrial designs, literary and artistic works, symbols product/service in the form of trademark. A used to promote commerce are some commonly known pharmaceutical company makes billions of money by forms of intellectual property. protection of its invented medicine in the form of patent
right. During its evolution process, IPRs were divided We all understand our property rights. The term into copyright, trademark, patent etc. for the sake of 'property' connotes something movable or immovable convenience of its administration.property. The movable properties are our mobile phone,
laptop, furniture, our car or kitchen utensil which can be Thus by above discussion we find that though moved anywhere as we wish. The immovable properties “Intellectual Property Rights” are amorphous, are our house, land and building etc. which cannot be intangible and having no physical existence and are moved and if required to be moved at all its natural state basically creation of law, but in no way are less valuable of existence is to be destroyed. The State through its than physical movable or immovable properties. After organs (legislature, executive and judiciary) protects discussing concept of IPR, it'll be quite relevant to our right over all kind of properties whether movable or ponder over development of IPR because we all know immovable. The term 'intellectual' prefixed with that during ancient times our forefathers has no property rights connotes such property rights which is knowledge of even cooking or clothing. Gradually our creation of intellect and is in intangible from. We cannot forefather evolved to this present state of technological touch or feel this property by our senses. The property is development. In the evolution process, human being purely creation of law and by virtue of law; we enjoy all learned to write and express themselves on some form of associated powers and rights in case of IPRs also as writing material available at particular point of time but physical immovable or movable properties. The all material was hand-written.The invention of printing intellectual property is of immense valuethough being machinein the year 1455 by Johannes Gutenberg, a intangible, amorphous and not in physical form. We German Blacksmith, led to the emergence of printing realise this value and power of IPR when a book written and publishing industry. The mechanical process of by anyone makes him famous all over globe with lot of
Broadcasting andIntellectual Property Rights (IPR)
Manoranjan Rai
April'14 - September’14
12
printing made it very easy to make copies of any written the interest of society as a whole.Whenperiod of time work whether itis poetry, drama or prose. The easy prescribed by law is over, the protected book, work, method of printing and making copy of a book led to trademark or patent is open for use by any person from dramatic change in whole state of affairs. Making copy public and the whole society is benefitted by it. of book was arduous and long process of many days and
The people associated with broadcasting activity make weeks. The time and quantum of work required for lot of intellectual effort to keep the show running for production of first copy and hundredth copy was same. public. The broadcasting itself is a technological But the new technology of mechanical printing challenge forlaw and the State responded to the same by considerably reduced the labour required for making suitable law/regulation/legislation as in the case of copies of any work. Once the plate for printing is ready copyright evolution process discussed above. The first any number of copies can be made from the same and organised international response to the need for legal production cost is reduced considerably. This newfound protection of broadcasting activity in the form of: convenience of making copies tempted enterprising
persons to bring out copies of popular books or works a) Rights of broadcasting organisations;that has already been published by another person. This
b) Rights of performing artists andresulted in major economic challenge to the original publisher who had invested his precious capital and
c) Rights of producers of phonograms or sound labour to bring out first edition of book or work in
recordingsuntested waters. Since law is basically legal response to a challenge and this challenge can be social, economic was the adoption of International Convention for the or technological. Here also the concept of copyright law protection of performers, producers of phonograms emerged due to technological challenge emerged by and broadcasting organisations, 1961 commonly invention of printing press. To protect the interest of called Rome Convention, 1961. All three rights original publisher who had already invested his capital mentioned above in respect of broadcasting activity are and labour to bring out first edition of book or work in known as 'neighbouring rights'. The term “neighbouring untested waters gradually copyright law evolved. rights” is the English translation of the French words, Similar concept is applicable to other kind of IPRs also. “Droits voisoins” meaning “near to the musical work”.
Neighbouring rights have developed parallel to the The basic idea behind protection of IPRs is to provide
copyright and are also called “related rights” or incentive for research and new invention. It is just
“secondary rights” but they are in no way inferior to the because of research and invention that human kind has
“main right” i.e. the copyright. The development of reached to present stage of technological development
technology resulted in the need not only to ensure in comparison of our forefathers who, at one point of
protection of rights of authors of literary, musical, time, has no knowledge of clothing or food-
dramatic and artistic works but also to establish cooking.The IPR protection is granted by law balancing
effective protection for various intermediaries associated with the dissemination and broadcasting of works. The three categories of people namely, performers, broadcasting organizations and producers of phonograms who assist intellectual creators in communicating their work to others are called “neighbours” to authors. Authors want their creations to be communicated to as large a number of people as possible. This aim and objective of the author cannot be achieved by him alone. The author necessarily requires intermediaries who can make his works accessible to the people he aims to target. For example, a play written by an author can be viewed only if it is enacted by actors
April'14 - September’14
13
Broadcast is basically communication of any money within a short duration of time. The law of audio/visual content to public by diffusion of signals concerned country grants concerned author monopoly through wire/wireless means. This communication to and protection to the book in form of copyright so that public is subject matter of law concerned with no one can copy or reproduce the concerned book intellectual property right (hereinafter referred as 'IPR') tilltime period prescribed by the relevant copyright law and is an integral part of broadcasting activity. Before is over. Similarly, a blockbuster audio/visual considering the importance of intellectual property programme, documentary, film or news items makes a rights for broadcasting it is essential to understand the broadcastingorganisation famous and well ahead all concept of intellectual property right. competitors in the broadcasting field. The broadcasting
entity has monopoly and protectionof its broadcast by IPR is in essence legal rights flowing from intellectual virtue of relevant copyright law as an individual(of activity in the field of science, art, literature or industry. course with minor variations) as mentioned in the above Whatever a person creates or invents from intellectual book example. It is worth reminding here that for law effort which is capable of earing wealth by proper audio or visual broadcasting is same. The same concept exploitation can said to be IPR. Since it is essentially a of monopoly and protection applies to product/service creation of mind, therefore, it is called IPR. Inventions, of a company or firm which has monopoly over its industrial designs, literary and artistic works, symbols product/service in the form of trademark. A used to promote commerce are some commonly known pharmaceutical company makes billions of money by forms of intellectual property. protection of its invented medicine in the form of patent
right. During its evolution process, IPRs were divided We all understand our property rights. The term into copyright, trademark, patent etc. for the sake of 'property' connotes something movable or immovable convenience of its administration.property. The movable properties are our mobile phone,
laptop, furniture, our car or kitchen utensil which can be Thus by above discussion we find that though moved anywhere as we wish. The immovable properties “Intellectual Property Rights” are amorphous, are our house, land and building etc. which cannot be intangible and having no physical existence and are moved and if required to be moved at all its natural state basically creation of law, but in no way are less valuable of existence is to be destroyed. The State through its than physical movable or immovable properties. After organs (legislature, executive and judiciary) protects discussing concept of IPR, it'll be quite relevant to our right over all kind of properties whether movable or ponder over development of IPR because we all know immovable. The term 'intellectual' prefixed with that during ancient times our forefathers has no property rights connotes such property rights which is knowledge of even cooking or clothing. Gradually our creation of intellect and is in intangible from. We cannot forefather evolved to this present state of technological touch or feel this property by our senses. The property is development. In the evolution process, human being purely creation of law and by virtue of law; we enjoy all learned to write and express themselves on some form of associated powers and rights in case of IPRs also as writing material available at particular point of time but physical immovable or movable properties. The all material was hand-written.The invention of printing intellectual property is of immense valuethough being machinein the year 1455 by Johannes Gutenberg, a intangible, amorphous and not in physical form. We German Blacksmith, led to the emergence of printing realise this value and power of IPR when a book written and publishing industry. The mechanical process of by anyone makes him famous all over globe with lot of
Broadcasting andIntellectual Property Rights (IPR)
Manoranjan Rai
April'14 - September’14
12
printing made it very easy to make copies of any written the interest of society as a whole.Whenperiod of time work whether itis poetry, drama or prose. The easy prescribed by law is over, the protected book, work, method of printing and making copy of a book led to trademark or patent is open for use by any person from dramatic change in whole state of affairs. Making copy public and the whole society is benefitted by it. of book was arduous and long process of many days and
The people associated with broadcasting activity make weeks. The time and quantum of work required for lot of intellectual effort to keep the show running for production of first copy and hundredth copy was same. public. The broadcasting itself is a technological But the new technology of mechanical printing challenge forlaw and the State responded to the same by considerably reduced the labour required for making suitable law/regulation/legislation as in the case of copies of any work. Once the plate for printing is ready copyright evolution process discussed above. The first any number of copies can be made from the same and organised international response to the need for legal production cost is reduced considerably. This newfound protection of broadcasting activity in the form of: convenience of making copies tempted enterprising
persons to bring out copies of popular books or works a) Rights of broadcasting organisations;that has already been published by another person. This
b) Rights of performing artists andresulted in major economic challenge to the original publisher who had invested his precious capital and
c) Rights of producers of phonograms or sound labour to bring out first edition of book or work in
recordingsuntested waters. Since law is basically legal response to a challenge and this challenge can be social, economic was the adoption of International Convention for the or technological. Here also the concept of copyright law protection of performers, producers of phonograms emerged due to technological challenge emerged by and broadcasting organisations, 1961 commonly invention of printing press. To protect the interest of called Rome Convention, 1961. All three rights original publisher who had already invested his capital mentioned above in respect of broadcasting activity are and labour to bring out first edition of book or work in known as 'neighbouring rights'. The term “neighbouring untested waters gradually copyright law evolved. rights” is the English translation of the French words, Similar concept is applicable to other kind of IPRs also. “Droits voisoins” meaning “near to the musical work”.
Neighbouring rights have developed parallel to the The basic idea behind protection of IPRs is to provide
copyright and are also called “related rights” or incentive for research and new invention. It is just
“secondary rights” but they are in no way inferior to the because of research and invention that human kind has
“main right” i.e. the copyright. The development of reached to present stage of technological development
technology resulted in the need not only to ensure in comparison of our forefathers who, at one point of
protection of rights of authors of literary, musical, time, has no knowledge of clothing or food-
dramatic and artistic works but also to establish cooking.The IPR protection is granted by law balancing
effective protection for various intermediaries associated with the dissemination and broadcasting of works. The three categories of people namely, performers, broadcasting organizations and producers of phonograms who assist intellectual creators in communicating their work to others are called “neighbours” to authors. Authors want their creations to be communicated to as large a number of people as possible. This aim and objective of the author cannot be achieved by him alone. The author necessarily requires intermediaries who can make his works accessible to the people he aims to target. For example, a play written by an author can be viewed only if it is enacted by actors
April'14 - September’14
13
FM CombinersMeenakshi Singhvi
15
Preface
Categories of FM combiners
Starpoint Combiners
What is a Combiner
Entire world is presently witnessing high growth of FM channels. The methods adopted to propagate in FM band demand adequate height of antenna for good coverage. Therefore, the most costly part of FM installation is its transmitting tower.
To prevent tower congestion, a broadband antenna and single feedline can be used to serve multiple FM stations. This will result in cost cutting and better economic efficiency by supplying antenna capacity to other broadcasters. To accomplish this, the broadcast industry uses combiners of various types.
Moreover many regulatory requirements also made it compulsory to reduce no of broadcasting sites. Like in India to maintain the same ERP coverage for all transmitters, the more filtering is required to attain the operating channels, it is mandatory for FM operators to isolation.The farther the spacing, the less filtering is run their services from the same location. This has required.further necessitates the system of using single antenna and feeder cable for all FM channels by combining RF signals. This approach has proven very effective, not At present two major topologies are being used. Simpler only using real estate economically, but spreading the one is known as Star point and other is Constant tower costs over many users. Impedance combiner also known as balanced combiner.
Though combining technology is not new one, it was being used since 1950s but from last one decade its uses
Starpoint combiner consists of N band pass filters to has becomewidespread.NowadaysFM combiners are an combine N number of channels. Each bandpass filter is integral and crucial part of FM broadcasting setups.tuned to the respective channel frequency. As shown in fig.2, output of all the filters are connected to a common star point. Here, the isolation is limited up to the Transmitting several frequencies from a single rejection of the filter which rejects all frequencies broadband antenna system requires theuse of a falling outside the passband. The length of the combiner, which is composed of frequency-selecting
components e.g. filters, stretch lines with nodes and connecting elements like directional couplers.
When more than one signal is broadcast over a single antenna, the signals may backfeed into each other's transmitters, where spurious intermodulation products or “spurs” may be generated within the finalamplifier stages of the transmitters. These spurs will then bebroadcast; causing interference to other FM stations, and so does to other bands. Therefore,the signals must be combined in such a way that nochance exists for the signals to feed back into each other's transmitter. The closer the spacing of the frequencies between
April'14 - September’14
(performers). A lyricist i.e. songwriter will like his song (Amendment) Act, 2012 with effect from June 21, 2012. to be heard by people but for this he needs the help of a This new amendment has thrown many new challenges singer and musicians (performers). If the playwright or for broadcasters especially All India Radio & the lyricist wants a still larger audience then they will Doordarshan since as a public broadcaster as well as require the assistance of producers of sound recordings public authority all activities of All India Radio & and broadcasting organizations. Doordarshan comes under purview of the Right to
Information Act, 2005. Any person from public can Thus it is evident that a broadcasting organisation access any information in respect of IPR issues of AIR & should be suitably aware about its intellectual property DD.For obviating undesirable litigation and to achieve rights to earn wealth as well as to achieve its desired its mandated goal as India's Public Service Broadcaster, goal. The broadcasting activities are governed by The the All India Radio & Doordarshan needs well Copyright Act, 1957 in our country and the same was researched IPR regime.comprehensively amended by The Copyright
About The Author
Manoranjan Rai is posted as Assistant Engineer at Broadcasting House, AIR, New Delhi.
Apart from being Member of Institution of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineers
(IETE), he is also Associate Member of Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI). He
has also completed LL.B. (Bachelor of Law) from University of Delhi as well as pursuing
LL.M. (Master of Law) fromIndian Law Institute, New Delhi with specialization in
Intellectual Property Rights and Constitutional Law.
14
1. Article should not exceed 3000 words. For book/website/ Conference Reviews, the word limit is 1000. Longer Articles may be considered in exceptional cases.
2. Articles/reviews can be sent by e-mail at [email protected] or by post to The Editor, BES Review, Broadcast Engineering Society (India) 912 Surya Kiran Building, 19 K.G. Marg, New Delhi-110001, India.
3. Relevant figures/ tables/ photographs should be sent in hard copies preferably in 5’X7’ size, soft copies in 300dpi or with better resolution.
4. Passport size photograph and brief bio-data of the author(s) must be enclosed with the article.
5. For book reviews please mention the title, name of the author(s), publisher(s), year of publication, price, number of pages and a photograph of the cover.
6. In case of conference/ workshop/ seminar reviews, please mention the theme, venue, date and name of the organizer. Please send photographs of conference/ workshop/seminar. The conference held in past 3 months of the forthcoming issue will be preferred.
7. The editor reserves the right to reject, edit and adjust articles in order to conform to the format of the Review.
Editorial Guidelines for BES Review
April'14 - September’14
FM CombinersMeenakshi Singhvi
15
Preface
Categories of FM combiners
Starpoint Combiners
What is a Combiner
Entire world is presently witnessing high growth of FM channels. The methods adopted to propagate in FM band demand adequate height of antenna for good coverage. Therefore, the most costly part of FM installation is its transmitting tower.
To prevent tower congestion, a broadband antenna and single feedline can be used to serve multiple FM stations. This will result in cost cutting and better economic efficiency by supplying antenna capacity to other broadcasters. To accomplish this, the broadcast industry uses combiners of various types.
Moreover many regulatory requirements also made it compulsory to reduce no of broadcasting sites. Like in India to maintain the same ERP coverage for all transmitters, the more filtering is required to attain the operating channels, it is mandatory for FM operators to isolation.The farther the spacing, the less filtering is run their services from the same location. This has required.further necessitates the system of using single antenna and feeder cable for all FM channels by combining RF signals. This approach has proven very effective, not At present two major topologies are being used. Simpler only using real estate economically, but spreading the one is known as Star point and other is Constant tower costs over many users. Impedance combiner also known as balanced combiner.
Though combining technology is not new one, it was being used since 1950s but from last one decade its uses
Starpoint combiner consists of N band pass filters to has becomewidespread.NowadaysFM combiners are an combine N number of channels. Each bandpass filter is integral and crucial part of FM broadcasting setups.tuned to the respective channel frequency. As shown in fig.2, output of all the filters are connected to a common star point. Here, the isolation is limited up to the Transmitting several frequencies from a single rejection of the filter which rejects all frequencies broadband antenna system requires theuse of a falling outside the passband. The length of the combiner, which is composed of frequency-selecting
components e.g. filters, stretch lines with nodes and connecting elements like directional couplers.
When more than one signal is broadcast over a single antenna, the signals may backfeed into each other's transmitters, where spurious intermodulation products or “spurs” may be generated within the finalamplifier stages of the transmitters. These spurs will then bebroadcast; causing interference to other FM stations, and so does to other bands. Therefore,the signals must be combined in such a way that nochance exists for the signals to feed back into each other's transmitter. The closer the spacing of the frequencies between
April'14 - September’14
(performers). A lyricist i.e. songwriter will like his song (Amendment) Act, 2012 with effect from June 21, 2012. to be heard by people but for this he needs the help of a This new amendment has thrown many new challenges singer and musicians (performers). If the playwright or for broadcasters especially All India Radio & the lyricist wants a still larger audience then they will Doordarshan since as a public broadcaster as well as require the assistance of producers of sound recordings public authority all activities of All India Radio & and broadcasting organizations. Doordarshan comes under purview of the Right to
Information Act, 2005. Any person from public can Thus it is evident that a broadcasting organisation access any information in respect of IPR issues of AIR & should be suitably aware about its intellectual property DD.For obviating undesirable litigation and to achieve rights to earn wealth as well as to achieve its desired its mandated goal as India's Public Service Broadcaster, goal. The broadcasting activities are governed by The the All India Radio & Doordarshan needs well Copyright Act, 1957 in our country and the same was researched IPR regime.comprehensively amended by The Copyright
About The Author
Manoranjan Rai is posted as Assistant Engineer at Broadcasting House, AIR, New Delhi.
Apart from being Member of Institution of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineers
(IETE), he is also Associate Member of Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI). He
has also completed LL.B. (Bachelor of Law) from University of Delhi as well as pursuing
LL.M. (Master of Law) fromIndian Law Institute, New Delhi with specialization in
Intellectual Property Rights and Constitutional Law.
14
1. Article should not exceed 3000 words. For book/website/ Conference Reviews, the word limit is 1000. Longer Articles may be considered in exceptional cases.
2. Articles/reviews can be sent by e-mail at [email protected] or by post to The Editor, BES Review, Broadcast Engineering Society (India) 912 Surya Kiran Building, 19 K.G. Marg, New Delhi-110001, India.
3. Relevant figures/ tables/ photographs should be sent in hard copies preferably in 5’X7’ size, soft copies in 300dpi or with better resolution.
4. Passport size photograph and brief bio-data of the author(s) must be enclosed with the article.
5. For book reviews please mention the title, name of the author(s), publisher(s), year of publication, price, number of pages and a photograph of the cover.
6. In case of conference/ workshop/ seminar reviews, please mention the theme, venue, date and name of the organizer. Please send photographs of conference/ workshop/seminar. The conference held in past 3 months of the forthcoming issue will be preferred.
7. The editor reserves the right to reject, edit and adjust articles in order to conform to the format of the Review.
Editorial Guidelines for BES Review
April'14 - September’14
17
notch filter tuned to Widedband frequency are being used at the NB input to ensure that no spurs are
Band-pass filter is the generated in TX1(NB)
heart of the combiner Limitations: In a notch filter based balanced combiner, which iscomposed of if the two filters in any module are not identically tuned, two or more cavity an imbalance will occurs that will reduce the isolation f i l t e r s connec ted and a spurcan be generated within a transmitter. And together. These filters once a spurhas been generated, there are no filters within look like metal tanks thesystem to reject that spur, since the filters are with coaxial cables tunedonly to the designated frequencies. In other words attached. These form a notch filters are supposed to reject the NB frequency t u n e d c i r c u i t only and all other frequencies including spur from WB consisting of a cavity with one or more loops or probes port will be passed. connected to the coaxial cable. Energy is inductively
coupled by input and output coupling loops.Another disadvantage of using notch filters is that since each module in turn has to conduct the accumulated The cavity may be circular or rectangular. When the power of all the previous modules, so each module must cavity is excited by the desired RF frequency a tuning be larger thanthe previous one.This necessitates high rod system or probe is adjusted to tune the cavity to power handling capacity of notch filters and consequent resonance.Maximum energy is being transferred at the increase in size of these filters. resonant frequency. By adjusting the length of the rod,
resonant frequency of the filter can be adjusted. The Bandpass Filter Balanced Combiner
mechanism of a cavity In this type of resonator can be combiner the compared to an LC signal fed from circuit using small the Narrowband values of inductive (NB) input is a n d c a p a c i t i v e split into two reactance with the halves by the internal surfaces of i n p u t 3 d B the cavity acting as the coupler, both of LC units.w h i c h p a s s
Normally each filter through the band-pass filters to the output 3dB coupler,
consists of one or then added in equal phase at output port. The wideband
m o r e i d e n t i c a l signal applied at port 3 is split by the output 3-dB
cavities to achieve the target parameters. Adding Hybrid, reflected back completely by band-pass filters,
cavities or resonators improve frequency response and combines at the output port.
which in turn increases isolation in close spaced The narrowband input is f r e q u e n c i e s . i s o l a t e d f r o m t h e However, i t a lso wideband input by the 3 increases group delay, D B c o u p l e r . B u t size, and cost of the additional isolation is filter. The graphs provided due to the stop b e l o w c o m p a r e bandattenuation of band- frequency response pass filters. However the and group delay for isolation of WB signal typical band-pass from the NB signal is filters.only that of the 3 DB
T h e c u r v e o f coupler.
Band Pass Filter
•
April'14 - September’14
16
connecting cables between filters and starpoint is In notch filter based combiner both notch filters are selected appropriately to provide very high impedance to other frequencies coming from other branches so that the power flows only towards the antenna from each filter.
In this arrangement it is very difficult to combine more than four channels because adjusting the lengths of interconnecting cables becomes more complex and impractical with the increase in channels.
These combiners are popularly used for combining two FM channels.These are inexpensive and doesn`t require huge space but downside is that these do not offer same level of performance as balanced impedance combiners.
tuned to reject NB frequency. The signal fed to NB input (port 1) is first split into two halves by 3 DB coupler then
The balanced combiner is based on the hybrid ring. Each reflected by notch filters and exits from port 2. The WB leg of the ring contains identical set of either band-pass signal entering at port 3 also split by coupler, passed or band-reject filters. Both the filters are tuned to have through notch filters with minimum loss and combines closely identical curves. at port 2.
The isolation of WB channel from NB frequency is the sum of isolation provided by 3 DB coupler and notch filter. However the isolation of NB frequency from WB frequency is only that of coupler. Therefore additional
In each module one input is Narrowband (NB), corresponding to the resonant frequency of the filter. The other input is Wideband (WB), which may be at any frequency outside the reject-band or pass-band of the filter and corresponding to the operating range of the 3 dB coupler.
The greatest benefit of using the Balanced combiner is the extra isolation provided through 3-dB couplers.It also allows easy extension of existing combiners by adding new modules.These combiners are physically large in size as compared to star point combiners.
Notch Filter Balanced Combiner
Balanced Combiners
•
3 DB hybrid coupler
A hybrid is a complex broadband device that has the ability to operate in various modes. When the signal appears at port1 it will come out at –3dB level at two output ports with one signal lagging by 90°. The fourth port will experience isolation typically in excess of 30dB from the input.
In other way whentwo signals of equal amplitude and 90° phase shift appear at adjacent ports, they will combine and appear at the output port. The fourth port should receive very little energy, with typical isolation in excess of 30dB.
April'14 - September’14
17
notch filter tuned to Widedband frequency are being used at the NB input to ensure that no spurs are
Band-pass filter is the generated in TX1(NB)
heart of the combiner Limitations: In a notch filter based balanced combiner, which iscomposed of if the two filters in any module are not identically tuned, two or more cavity an imbalance will occurs that will reduce the isolation f i l t e r s connec ted and a spurcan be generated within a transmitter. And together. These filters once a spurhas been generated, there are no filters within look like metal tanks thesystem to reject that spur, since the filters are with coaxial cables tunedonly to the designated frequencies. In other words attached. These form a notch filters are supposed to reject the NB frequency t u n e d c i r c u i t only and all other frequencies including spur from WB consisting of a cavity with one or more loops or probes port will be passed. connected to the coaxial cable. Energy is inductively
coupled by input and output coupling loops.Another disadvantage of using notch filters is that since each module in turn has to conduct the accumulated The cavity may be circular or rectangular. When the power of all the previous modules, so each module must cavity is excited by the desired RF frequency a tuning be larger thanthe previous one.This necessitates high rod system or probe is adjusted to tune the cavity to power handling capacity of notch filters and consequent resonance.Maximum energy is being transferred at the increase in size of these filters. resonant frequency. By adjusting the length of the rod,
resonant frequency of the filter can be adjusted. The Bandpass Filter Balanced Combiner
mechanism of a cavity In this type of resonator can be combiner the compared to an LC signal fed from circuit using small the Narrowband values of inductive (NB) input is a n d c a p a c i t i v e split into two reactance with the halves by the internal surfaces of i n p u t 3 d B the cavity acting as the coupler, both of LC units.w h i c h p a s s
Normally each filter through the band-pass filters to the output 3dB coupler,
consists of one or then added in equal phase at output port. The wideband
m o r e i d e n t i c a l signal applied at port 3 is split by the output 3-dB
cavities to achieve the target parameters. Adding Hybrid, reflected back completely by band-pass filters,
cavities or resonators improve frequency response and combines at the output port.
which in turn increases isolation in close spaced The narrowband input is f r e q u e n c i e s . i s o l a t e d f r o m t h e However, i t a lso wideband input by the 3 increases group delay, D B c o u p l e r . B u t size, and cost of the additional isolation is filter. The graphs provided due to the stop b e l o w c o m p a r e bandattenuation of band- frequency response pass filters. However the and group delay for isolation of WB signal typical band-pass from the NB signal is filters.only that of the 3 DB
T h e c u r v e o f coupler.
Band Pass Filter
•
April'14 - September’14
16
connecting cables between filters and starpoint is In notch filter based combiner both notch filters are selected appropriately to provide very high impedance to other frequencies coming from other branches so that the power flows only towards the antenna from each filter.
In this arrangement it is very difficult to combine more than four channels because adjusting the lengths of interconnecting cables becomes more complex and impractical with the increase in channels.
These combiners are popularly used for combining two FM channels.These are inexpensive and doesn`t require huge space but downside is that these do not offer same level of performance as balanced impedance combiners.
tuned to reject NB frequency. The signal fed to NB input (port 1) is first split into two halves by 3 DB coupler then
The balanced combiner is based on the hybrid ring. Each reflected by notch filters and exits from port 2. The WB leg of the ring contains identical set of either band-pass signal entering at port 3 also split by coupler, passed or band-reject filters. Both the filters are tuned to have through notch filters with minimum loss and combines closely identical curves. at port 2.
The isolation of WB channel from NB frequency is the sum of isolation provided by 3 DB coupler and notch filter. However the isolation of NB frequency from WB frequency is only that of coupler. Therefore additional
In each module one input is Narrowband (NB), corresponding to the resonant frequency of the filter. The other input is Wideband (WB), which may be at any frequency outside the reject-band or pass-band of the filter and corresponding to the operating range of the 3 dB coupler.
The greatest benefit of using the Balanced combiner is the extra isolation provided through 3-dB couplers.It also allows easy extension of existing combiners by adding new modules.These combiners are physically large in size as compared to star point combiners.
Notch Filter Balanced Combiner
Balanced Combiners
•
3 DB hybrid coupler
A hybrid is a complex broadband device that has the ability to operate in various modes. When the signal appears at port1 it will come out at –3dB level at two output ports with one signal lagging by 90°. The fourth port will experience isolation typically in excess of 30dB from the input.
In other way whentwo signals of equal amplitude and 90° phase shift appear at adjacent ports, they will combine and appear at the output port. The fourth port should receive very little energy, with typical isolation in excess of 30dB.
April'14 - September’14
18
frequency response becomes squarer - flatter across the 0.8dB depending on pass band, with a sharper roll-off approaching towards number and size of ideal characteristic as we keep on increasing the the cavities, channel cavities.For most applications, three-cavity band-pass s e p a r a t i o n , e t c . filters are the optimum choice. Two-cavity filters can be Whenever the signal used where the frequency spread already provides i s b e i n g p a s s e d sufficient isolation. through the combiner
some attenuation of The performance of a filter is measuredin terms of
input signal is bound frequencyresponse, insertion loss, return loss or VSWR
to occur because andgroupdelay all expressed as a function of
energy transfer is frequency.None of the individual parameter is
never perfect. The efficiency of the filter is expressed as optimized by itself, but theoverall performance of the
insertion loss that is the loss of energy at resonant filter is optimized and accepted.
frequency and sidebands.This lost energy is converted to heat and dissipated in the metal surface of the cavity. The larger the cavity in size, lower will be the insertion
By feeding output of each module to the broadband loss.
input of next module we can expand combiner and increase channels. The number of channel possible in a There is a tradeoff between insertion loss and given frequency band is limited by minimum spacing bandwidth. As the bandwidth becomes narrower, the between the signals and insertion loss which may pose insertion loss increases. It is also affected by cavity practical difficulty. Insertion loss increases each time coupling. Tighter coupling will reduce insertion loss and the signal passes through module. The power rating of provide wider bandwidth. Loose coupling will provide the 3 dB coupler at the output is also required to be better isolation by reducing bandwidth, but will also considered. increase insertion loss. Too narrow response will result
in increased insertion loss and heat generation.
When the entire 200 kHz wide group of frequencies that compose an FM channel passes through a filter, the portions of the signal farthest from the center frequency are delayed. The finite time required to pass through a filter increases with distance from the centre frequency. This is termed group delay difference, or group delay. It is desirable to have the delay as symmetrical as possible. Excessive group delay will introduce distortion. An ideal filter should have no group delay difference; the curve should be a horizontal line, at least across the pass band.
This problem can be addressed by using a pre correction in the exciter or by a passive group delay correction module inserted between the exciter and IPA in transmitter. A group delay anti curve is created to cancel the combiner delay curve.
Today's complex broadcast signals use the full Characteristics of Combiner channelbandwidth, so it is important to limit group
delay. Typical values of group delay should be around Insertion Loss25nS at ± 100 KHz from the reference frequency.
Even a perfectly tuned combiner causes insertion loss. Typical values of insertion loss ranges from 0.2dB to
Cascading of modules
Group Delay
19
Isolation
Input reflection coefficient (Return loss)
Combiner Tuning
performance in one parameter to improve in
Isolation is the most important characteristic of the another. The aim is to
combiner. It is common that when more than one optimize all parameters to
signalis being broadcast over a single antenna, signals create overall acceptable
may back feed into other transmitters. Therefore, each performance.
transmitter must be isolated from others in the system ensuring regulatory compliance. The basic design It is better to tune filters criterion for a combiner is to provide 40 dB of isolation, i n d e p e n d e n t l y b y plus a 10 dB safety margin. The FCC's guidance for this disconnect ing 3 DB specifies that spurs attenuated below the carrier couplers. By changing the position of the rod resonant frequency by 80 dB or 43 + log10 (power in watts) dB, frequency can be changed. whichever is less.
With the increase in number of cavities the curve of Since the single cavity does not yield sufficient frequency response improves but at the cost of increase isolation, more identical cavities are added to improve in group delay. Therefore we modify the tuning to the isolation. Normally designing the filter with three decrease group delay to an acceptable level.numbers of cavities ensuresnecessaryisolation.
The combiner system should present well-matched impedance to each transmitter and its voltage reflection coefficient should not add significantly to that of the antenna. Typical values for the reflection coefficient at each input port are 5%, within the relevant frequency band, when the output is terminated in a matched load. The modern combiners are capable of providing very good matching across the FM band typical values
Minimum insertion loss requires wider bandwidth exceeding 35 dB.
which may lead to poor isolation. Proper tuning will balance these parameters.
It is the real challenging Once all cavities are roughly tuned they must be task and needs to be done carefully peaked for return loss, bandwidth, and c a r e f u l l y . P r i o r t o minimum insertion loss. There will be compromises accepting new combiners between all three. or following retuning or
After tuning of first band-pass filter, coarse tune the relocation a full test
second band-pass filter by matching physical should be performed to
measurements from first. Fine tune return loss, insertion ensure that combiner is
loss, and phase to be identical in both band-pass filters.p r o p e r l y t u n e d . A thorough set of response When properly tuned, all measurements will be
curves could be useful symmetrical around the tuned frequency. Return loss later if addition of another curve will show an individual null for each pole. A two station is being planned. pole filter should display two return loss notches, and It also provides a good one hump.Three poles will have three notches with two reference point for humps, etc.troubleshooting.
The following set of measurements is essential. The R F t u n i n g i s a typical values of measurement figures are as below compromise. We have to which may change as per the broadcaster's s a c r i f i c e a l i t t l e requirements.
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
18
frequency response becomes squarer - flatter across the 0.8dB depending on pass band, with a sharper roll-off approaching towards number and size of ideal characteristic as we keep on increasing the the cavities, channel cavities.For most applications, three-cavity band-pass s e p a r a t i o n , e t c . filters are the optimum choice. Two-cavity filters can be Whenever the signal used where the frequency spread already provides i s b e i n g p a s s e d sufficient isolation. through the combiner
some attenuation of The performance of a filter is measuredin terms of
input signal is bound frequencyresponse, insertion loss, return loss or VSWR
to occur because andgroupdelay all expressed as a function of
energy transfer is frequency.None of the individual parameter is
never perfect. The efficiency of the filter is expressed as optimized by itself, but theoverall performance of the
insertion loss that is the loss of energy at resonant filter is optimized and accepted.
frequency and sidebands.This lost energy is converted to heat and dissipated in the metal surface of the cavity. The larger the cavity in size, lower will be the insertion
By feeding output of each module to the broadband loss.
input of next module we can expand combiner and increase channels. The number of channel possible in a There is a tradeoff between insertion loss and given frequency band is limited by minimum spacing bandwidth. As the bandwidth becomes narrower, the between the signals and insertion loss which may pose insertion loss increases. It is also affected by cavity practical difficulty. Insertion loss increases each time coupling. Tighter coupling will reduce insertion loss and the signal passes through module. The power rating of provide wider bandwidth. Loose coupling will provide the 3 dB coupler at the output is also required to be better isolation by reducing bandwidth, but will also considered. increase insertion loss. Too narrow response will result
in increased insertion loss and heat generation.
When the entire 200 kHz wide group of frequencies that compose an FM channel passes through a filter, the portions of the signal farthest from the center frequency are delayed. The finite time required to pass through a filter increases with distance from the centre frequency. This is termed group delay difference, or group delay. It is desirable to have the delay as symmetrical as possible. Excessive group delay will introduce distortion. An ideal filter should have no group delay difference; the curve should be a horizontal line, at least across the pass band.
This problem can be addressed by using a pre correction in the exciter or by a passive group delay correction module inserted between the exciter and IPA in transmitter. A group delay anti curve is created to cancel the combiner delay curve.
Today's complex broadcast signals use the full Characteristics of Combiner channelbandwidth, so it is important to limit group
delay. Typical values of group delay should be around Insertion Loss25nS at ± 100 KHz from the reference frequency.
Even a perfectly tuned combiner causes insertion loss. Typical values of insertion loss ranges from 0.2dB to
Cascading of modules
Group Delay
19
Isolation
Input reflection coefficient (Return loss)
Combiner Tuning
performance in one parameter to improve in
Isolation is the most important characteristic of the another. The aim is to
combiner. It is common that when more than one optimize all parameters to
signalis being broadcast over a single antenna, signals create overall acceptable
may back feed into other transmitters. Therefore, each performance.
transmitter must be isolated from others in the system ensuring regulatory compliance. The basic design It is better to tune filters criterion for a combiner is to provide 40 dB of isolation, i n d e p e n d e n t l y b y plus a 10 dB safety margin. The FCC's guidance for this disconnect ing 3 DB specifies that spurs attenuated below the carrier couplers. By changing the position of the rod resonant frequency by 80 dB or 43 + log10 (power in watts) dB, frequency can be changed. whichever is less.
With the increase in number of cavities the curve of Since the single cavity does not yield sufficient frequency response improves but at the cost of increase isolation, more identical cavities are added to improve in group delay. Therefore we modify the tuning to the isolation. Normally designing the filter with three decrease group delay to an acceptable level.numbers of cavities ensuresnecessaryisolation.
The combiner system should present well-matched impedance to each transmitter and its voltage reflection coefficient should not add significantly to that of the antenna. Typical values for the reflection coefficient at each input port are 5%, within the relevant frequency band, when the output is terminated in a matched load. The modern combiners are capable of providing very good matching across the FM band typical values
Minimum insertion loss requires wider bandwidth exceeding 35 dB.
which may lead to poor isolation. Proper tuning will balance these parameters.
It is the real challenging Once all cavities are roughly tuned they must be task and needs to be done carefully peaked for return loss, bandwidth, and c a r e f u l l y . P r i o r t o minimum insertion loss. There will be compromises accepting new combiners between all three. or following retuning or
After tuning of first band-pass filter, coarse tune the relocation a full test
second band-pass filter by matching physical should be performed to
measurements from first. Fine tune return loss, insertion ensure that combiner is
loss, and phase to be identical in both band-pass filters.p r o p e r l y t u n e d . A thorough set of response When properly tuned, all measurements will be
curves could be useful symmetrical around the tuned frequency. Return loss later if addition of another curve will show an individual null for each pole. A two station is being planned. pole filter should display two return loss notches, and It also provides a good one hump.Three poles will have three notches with two reference point for humps, etc.troubleshooting.
The following set of measurements is essential. The R F t u n i n g i s a typical values of measurement figures are as below compromise. We have to which may change as per the broadcaster's s a c r i f i c e a l i t t l e requirements.
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
20
Conclusion
In today's scenario combiner has became the crucial part of broadcasting chain.It is important that one should be aware of its technicalities and complexities. Depending upon the merits and drawbacks of a combiner, it needs to be selected for the specific application by the system designer. A Properly installed and correctly tuned combiner will assisttaking your signals to large distant listeners whereas an unwell combiner may lead to reflections, resulting in ill health of transmitters besides causing low power operation of transmitters. In India especially with the more cities coming up with FM broadcasting the use of combiner has become inevitable. Once the auction for third phase of FM frequencies takes place, the requirement of combiner will increase rapidly. With the recommendations of TRAI for 400 kHz channel spacing the number of FM channels are likely to be increased and accordingly specification of combiners will be more stringent.
About The Author
Mrs. Meenakshi Singhvi is, 1997 batch IB(E)S Officer, presently working as technical head for All India Radio, Vadodara. She has completed her Engineering in Electronics and Communication in the year 1997 from MBM Engg College, Jodhpur. She has won the award in the category special award for technical Excellence for “Tuning of FM combiner “and Dr. Vasumal Hazarimal Merani award for “Audio noise reduction techniques”. She is also a council member for BES(I). She has written various articles in the field of broadcast which have been published in National and International magazines.
21
DD ScrollBroadcast Quality Scroller cum Character Generator
Jadav Pravin B.
Disclaimer
IntroductionSalient Features
product cost and specific scrolling requirement, a customized and cost effective scroller solution is
Doordarshan Kendra, Ahmedabad reserves the right to studied and developed by IT Cell, Doordarshan Kendra, make changes in specifications & features at any time Ahmedabad.without notice. The information provided in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no This is an integrated system consisting of hardware and responsibility is assured by Doordarshan Kendra, software. Hardware is comprised of a high performance Ahmedabad for its use, nor for any infringements of PC with high speed peripherals and a professional patents or other copyrights of third parties resulting broadcast quality Decklink Studio I/O card. The from its use. application software has been developed on VC++
platform and runs on any popular windows platform, but • DD Scroll is in-house software developed by IT Cell, restricted to Windows 7 in this version.
Doordarshan Kendra, Ahmedabad.DD Scroll is a solution to create, display and control a
• Decklink studio is registered trademark of variety of functions including overlaying multiline text Blackmagic Design. crawls, Tickers, Logos etc. This software incorporates
scalable and high quality fonts in various Indian • Microsoft & Windows are registered trademark of
languages. It also supports Unicode fonts, a facility Microsoft Corporation.
which is rare in broadcast field.
• All other nationally and internationally registered The software provides attractive and easy to use
trademarks are hereby acknowledged.Graphical User Interface (GUI) for simplifying its operation.DD Scroll ©copyright Doordarshan Kendra,
Ahmedabad, India 2012. All rights reserved.This manual provides the required information for working with the application. IT Cell, Doordarshan Welcome to the DD Scroll a broadcast quality scroller Kendra, Ahmedabad 5cum character generator.
Supported Operating Systems: Windows® 7This document refers to version 1.0 of the software. This user guide will help in:
Minimum Hardware Requirements:
• Introduction to the System.• Blackmagic Decklink Studio I/O card
• Installation of Hardware & Software utilities.• Core2 Duo CPU
• Learning basic features with Screen shots.• 1GB RAM
DD Scroll is a low cost multilingual broadcast quality • Professional Broadcast Quality Video output in
scroller cum character generator. It is basically designed Component, Composite, S-Video, HD/SD-SDI
to meet essential requirements of terrestrial transmitters format through BNC connectors.
of Doordarshan in the area of advertisements through scrolling. Considering the perspective of budget, • Unicode font support.
Insertion loss NB ≤0.3 db ± 150khz
Frequency Response ≤0.1 db ± 150khz
Group Delay ± 25 nsec ± 100khz
Return loss Better than 35db±150khz
Isolation (NB to WB) Better than 40db±150khz
Isolation (WB to NB) Better than 50db±800khz
Insertion loss WB ≤0.1db
Return loss WB Better than 35 db
April'14 - September’14April'14 - September’14
20
Conclusion
In today's scenario combiner has became the crucial part of broadcasting chain.It is important that one should be aware of its technicalities and complexities. Depending upon the merits and drawbacks of a combiner, it needs to be selected for the specific application by the system designer. A Properly installed and correctly tuned combiner will assisttaking your signals to large distant listeners whereas an unwell combiner may lead to reflections, resulting in ill health of transmitters besides causing low power operation of transmitters. In India especially with the more cities coming up with FM broadcasting the use of combiner has become inevitable. Once the auction for third phase of FM frequencies takes place, the requirement of combiner will increase rapidly. With the recommendations of TRAI for 400 kHz channel spacing the number of FM channels are likely to be increased and accordingly specification of combiners will be more stringent.
About The Author
Mrs. Meenakshi Singhvi is, 1997 batch IB(E)S Officer, presently working as technical head for All India Radio, Vadodara. She has completed her Engineering in Electronics and Communication in the year 1997 from MBM Engg College, Jodhpur. She has won the award in the category special award for technical Excellence for “Tuning of FM combiner “and Dr. Vasumal Hazarimal Merani award for “Audio noise reduction techniques”. She is also a council member for BES(I). She has written various articles in the field of broadcast which have been published in National and International magazines.
21
DD ScrollBroadcast Quality Scroller cum Character Generator
Jadav Pravin B.
Disclaimer
IntroductionSalient Features
product cost and specific scrolling requirement, a customized and cost effective scroller solution is
Doordarshan Kendra, Ahmedabad reserves the right to studied and developed by IT Cell, Doordarshan Kendra, make changes in specifications & features at any time Ahmedabad.without notice. The information provided in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no This is an integrated system consisting of hardware and responsibility is assured by Doordarshan Kendra, software. Hardware is comprised of a high performance Ahmedabad for its use, nor for any infringements of PC with high speed peripherals and a professional patents or other copyrights of third parties resulting broadcast quality Decklink Studio I/O card. The from its use. application software has been developed on VC++
platform and runs on any popular windows platform, but • DD Scroll is in-house software developed by IT Cell, restricted to Windows 7 in this version.
Doordarshan Kendra, Ahmedabad.DD Scroll is a solution to create, display and control a
• Decklink studio is registered trademark of variety of functions including overlaying multiline text Blackmagic Design. crawls, Tickers, Logos etc. This software incorporates
scalable and high quality fonts in various Indian • Microsoft & Windows are registered trademark of
languages. It also supports Unicode fonts, a facility Microsoft Corporation.
which is rare in broadcast field.
• All other nationally and internationally registered The software provides attractive and easy to use
trademarks are hereby acknowledged.Graphical User Interface (GUI) for simplifying its operation.DD Scroll ©copyright Doordarshan Kendra,
Ahmedabad, India 2012. All rights reserved.This manual provides the required information for working with the application. IT Cell, Doordarshan Welcome to the DD Scroll a broadcast quality scroller Kendra, Ahmedabad 5cum character generator.
Supported Operating Systems: Windows® 7This document refers to version 1.0 of the software. This user guide will help in:
Minimum Hardware Requirements:
• Introduction to the System.• Blackmagic Decklink Studio I/O card
• Installation of Hardware & Software utilities.• Core2 Duo CPU
• Learning basic features with Screen shots.• 1GB RAM
DD Scroll is a low cost multilingual broadcast quality • Professional Broadcast Quality Video output in
scroller cum character generator. It is basically designed Component, Composite, S-Video, HD/SD-SDI
to meet essential requirements of terrestrial transmitters format through BNC connectors.
of Doordarshan in the area of advertisements through scrolling. Considering the perspective of budget, • Unicode font support.
Insertion loss NB ≤0.3 db ± 150khz
Frequency Response ≤0.1 db ± 150khz
Group Delay ± 25 nsec ± 100khz
Return loss Better than 35db±150khz
Isolation (NB to WB) Better than 40db±150khz
Isolation (WB to NB) Better than 50db±800khz
Insertion loss WB ≤0.1db
Return loss WB Better than 35 db
April'14 - September’14April'14 - September’14
• Internal Keyed output. After installing, Select ‘Blackmagic design control panel’ from the system control panel.
• Multiline text crawls each with independent scroll parameters.
• Multiple layer compositing.
• Multi Language and multicolor font support.
• Preview available on VGA monitor.• The sample settings for scroll application for analog
• On line editing of contents. input are mentioned here.
• Station logo can be inserted anywhere on the screen. • Choose the settings as per the requirement. Please refer the documentation provided in the Decklink
• Image insertion in the crawling text. studio CD.
• Attractive and easy to use Graphics User Interface (GUI).
The DD Scroll system will come with the pre-installed operating system software and application software. You need to start the application to use the features of the application. But in case of failure or crash of the system, you have to follow the reinstallation procedure step by step carefully.
First install the Operating system (windows 7) as per instruction of the OS installation wizard. Then install the motherboard drivers.
Now install the Blackmagic Decklink card device driver from the CD provided with the card: Install the ‘DesktopVideo’ software from ‘Desktop Video windows’ folder.
Now install the DD Scroll application software provided with the CD.
• Click on Setup file and follow the steps as below.
1. Installation & Settings
1.1 Operating Systems - Windows 7
1.2 Black Magic Design - Decklink Card
1.3 DD Scroll Software
Key’.
• Click on ‘Generate’ button.
You will get the License key and exchange it with support staff ([email protected]) to get the valid registration key.
After entering the registration key, click on ‘Register’.
• A shortcut of DD Scroll DD Scroll application is now ready to use.application has been created on your desktop.
• Click and open it, you can see message “Invalid License Key”.
• Browse the folder in CD and double click on ‘License Key’.
• Click on ‘Generate’ button.
You will get the License key and exchange it with support staff ([email protected]) to get the valid registration key.
To preview the scroll line with text, logo, templates and their parameters viz. scroll line placement, station logo placement, background color, size and text parameters. These can be adjusted as per our requirement before
After entering the registration key, click on ‘Register’.
DD Scroll application is now ready to use.
• A shortcut of DD Scroll application has been created on your desktop.
• Click and open it, you can see message “Invalid License Key”.
• Browse the folder in CD and double click on ‘License
2. Getting Started
2.1 Preview Window
Main Screen
22April'14 - September’14
23April'14 - September’14
• Internal Keyed output. After installing, Select ‘Blackmagic design control panel’ from the system control panel.
• Multiline text crawls each with independent scroll parameters.
• Multiple layer compositing.
• Multi Language and multicolor font support.
• Preview available on VGA monitor.• The sample settings for scroll application for analog
• On line editing of contents. input are mentioned here.
• Station logo can be inserted anywhere on the screen. • Choose the settings as per the requirement. Please refer the documentation provided in the Decklink
• Image insertion in the crawling text. studio CD.
• Attractive and easy to use Graphics User Interface (GUI).
The DD Scroll system will come with the pre-installed operating system software and application software. You need to start the application to use the features of the application. But in case of failure or crash of the system, you have to follow the reinstallation procedure step by step carefully.
First install the Operating system (windows 7) as per instruction of the OS installation wizard. Then install the motherboard drivers.
Now install the Blackmagic Decklink card device driver from the CD provided with the card: Install the ‘DesktopVideo’ software from ‘Desktop Video windows’ folder.
Now install the DD Scroll application software provided with the CD.
• Click on Setup file and follow the steps as below.
1. Installation & Settings
1.1 Operating Systems - Windows 7
1.2 Black Magic Design - Decklink Card
1.3 DD Scroll Software
Key’.
• Click on ‘Generate’ button.
You will get the License key and exchange it with support staff ([email protected]) to get the valid registration key.
After entering the registration key, click on ‘Register’.
• A shortcut of DD Scroll DD Scroll application is now ready to use.application has been created on your desktop.
• Click and open it, you can see message “Invalid License Key”.
• Browse the folder in CD and double click on ‘License Key’.
• Click on ‘Generate’ button.
You will get the License key and exchange it with support staff ([email protected]) to get the valid registration key.
To preview the scroll line with text, logo, templates and their parameters viz. scroll line placement, station logo placement, background color, size and text parameters. These can be adjusted as per our requirement before
After entering the registration key, click on ‘Register’.
DD Scroll application is now ready to use.
• A shortcut of DD Scroll application has been created on your desktop.
• Click and open it, you can see message “Invalid License Key”.
• Browse the folder in CD and double click on ‘License
2. Getting Started
2.1 Preview Window
Main Screen
22April'14 - September’14
23April'14 - September’14
updating on-air. The red color border shows the video safe area. One to one relationship is maintained between
It provides a group of tools that facilitates to create, add, preview window and the output monitor. This will remove and edit the contents of the text files. The color, makes one conveniently place things over the preview size and style of the font can be controlled from here. before giving it on-air. It is suggested to disable the Bold, Italic and underline can be accessed directly from preview button whenever not required to cater here.performance issues.
Load File: It facilitates to load advertisement file by The parameters of scroll line, like size, placement, browsing from the system.speed, and Scroll background color of the line can be
controlled from here.Add New: It is used to create new advertisement.
Save: It saves new or existing advertisement files. It facilitates to save the file at the location chosen by the operator. By default, the same file will be saved at the folder named with particular date.
(D:\DD Scroll\as chosen at the time of installation, see step-2 of section 1.3)
Remove: It removes the selected advertisement from the list, not from the system. After clicking on this button one needs to press the “Update ONAIR” button too to delist.
The parameters of channel logo like width and height of Font: It facilitates to edit/ type the advertisement text logo and its placement on screen can be browsed from with required font, style, size, color, and with strike out / here and be adjusted as per the requirement. Similarly underline effects.for full page template feature the image files can be
Bold: It makes the font text to be bold.browsed from here and also the color of plain background for full screen can be chosen.
Italic: It makes the font text to be italic.
Underline: It makes the font text with underline effect.
It facilitates to create, view and edit the contents of new or existing advertisement files and it can be applied to character-wise. As shown below, each letter can be selected with different font, color, underline, bold etc.
This window shows the playlist items and the image associated with each of them.
2.5 Tool Bar
2.2 Scroll Parameters
2.3 Channel Logo & Full page template
2.6 Edit Window
2.4 Playlist Window
3. Working with DD Scroll 3.2.2 Background Color
3.2.3 Scroll Placement
3.1 Scroll Line
3.2 Scroll parameters
3.2.4 Scroll Size
3.2.1 Scroll Background
Here it is implicitly stated that whatever changes The color of the scroll line background can be being made to the advertisement files and other chosen here from a bunch of custom colors.settings, these will be immediately reflected to the preview window whereas to affect On-Air, one needs to click on “Update ONAIR” button
Scroll placement and Background placement is used interchangeably here. The Placement of the scroll It supports four lines of line can be adjusted from here for each scroll line text crawl simultaneously. independently. To shift the position of the scroll line Each line can be played vertically upwards/ downwards, change the numeric with variable speed and value in ‘Placement’ box as per the requirement. An can be placedexample with two different scenarios is shown below.
anywhere on the screen with adjustable height control and placement feature. Individual line can be put ON or OFF.
Each scroll line has its own playlist and scroll parameters. Choose scroll line from playlist window. Maximum 4 lines can be chosen.
Each scroll line can be assigned with different ‘Background Color’, ‘Size’, 'Speed’and it's ‘Placement’.
The size of the scroll line can be adjusted from here for each scroll line independently.The advertisement can be scrolled plain without
using the background. To do so, uncheck the ‘scroll background’. Then the background color and size will be ineffective.
Scene-1
Scene-2
Scene-1
Scene-2
April'14 - September’14
24 25April'14 - September’14
updating on-air. The red color border shows the video safe area. One to one relationship is maintained between
It provides a group of tools that facilitates to create, add, preview window and the output monitor. This will remove and edit the contents of the text files. The color, makes one conveniently place things over the preview size and style of the font can be controlled from here. before giving it on-air. It is suggested to disable the Bold, Italic and underline can be accessed directly from preview button whenever not required to cater here.performance issues.
Load File: It facilitates to load advertisement file by The parameters of scroll line, like size, placement, browsing from the system.speed, and Scroll background color of the line can be
controlled from here.Add New: It is used to create new advertisement.
Save: It saves new or existing advertisement files. It facilitates to save the file at the location chosen by the operator. By default, the same file will be saved at the folder named with particular date.
(D:\DD Scroll\as chosen at the time of installation, see step-2 of section 1.3)
Remove: It removes the selected advertisement from the list, not from the system. After clicking on this button one needs to press the “Update ONAIR” button too to delist.
The parameters of channel logo like width and height of Font: It facilitates to edit/ type the advertisement text logo and its placement on screen can be browsed from with required font, style, size, color, and with strike out / here and be adjusted as per the requirement. Similarly underline effects.for full page template feature the image files can be
Bold: It makes the font text to be bold.browsed from here and also the color of plain background for full screen can be chosen.
Italic: It makes the font text to be italic.
Underline: It makes the font text with underline effect.
It facilitates to create, view and edit the contents of new or existing advertisement files and it can be applied to character-wise. As shown below, each letter can be selected with different font, color, underline, bold etc.
This window shows the playlist items and the image associated with each of them.
2.5 Tool Bar
2.2 Scroll Parameters
2.3 Channel Logo & Full page template
2.6 Edit Window
2.4 Playlist Window
3. Working with DD Scroll 3.2.2 Background Color
3.2.3 Scroll Placement
3.1 Scroll Line
3.2 Scroll parameters
3.2.4 Scroll Size
3.2.1 Scroll Background
Here it is implicitly stated that whatever changes The color of the scroll line background can be being made to the advertisement files and other chosen here from a bunch of custom colors.settings, these will be immediately reflected to the preview window whereas to affect On-Air, one needs to click on “Update ONAIR” button
Scroll placement and Background placement is used interchangeably here. The Placement of the scroll It supports four lines of line can be adjusted from here for each scroll line text crawl simultaneously. independently. To shift the position of the scroll line Each line can be played vertically upwards/ downwards, change the numeric with variable speed and value in ‘Placement’ box as per the requirement. An can be placedexample with two different scenarios is shown below.
anywhere on the screen with adjustable height control and placement feature. Individual line can be put ON or OFF.
Each scroll line has its own playlist and scroll parameters. Choose scroll line from playlist window. Maximum 4 lines can be chosen.
Each scroll line can be assigned with different ‘Background Color’, ‘Size’, 'Speed’and it's ‘Placement’.
The size of the scroll line can be adjusted from here for each scroll line independently.The advertisement can be scrolled plain without
using the background. To do so, uncheck the ‘scroll background’. Then the background color and size will be ineffective.
Scene-1
Scene-2
Scene-1
Scene-2
April'14 - September’14
24 25April'14 - September’14
The size of crawl line background can be varied from ‘Size' as per box. The default size of the crawl line is adjusted automatically according to the maximum font size of the text in advertisement. An example with two different scenarios is shown below.
The scrolling text speed (0-6) can be selected as per the requirement. Selecting ‘0’ value will make the scroll in preview to halt and the effect for on-air is that the crawl text will not be repeated leaving the background strip behind.
X 576. It gets stretched if the image is small or This feature allows DD scroll to work as logo squeezed if large.generator / keyer. Channel logo-Image file can be
selected here and inserted at required location on the screen by providing (x: Horizontal, y: Vertical) coordinates in the drop down boxes. The size of the • Select scroll line from logo can be adjusted from drop down boxes provided the available four at for width and height. playlist window. This
will be placed at pre-decided location but can be relocated to any place on the entire screen by selecting value at ‘ P l a c e m e n t ’ b o x . Similarly, the size of the scroll background and the speed with which it should crawl can be chosen from entering values at ‘Size’ and ‘Scroll speed’ boxes respectively. The line will be visible only after completion of the following few steps.
• Click on ‘Add New’ button in tool bar to make new advertisement.
This feature allows DD Scroll to function as full page character generator. An image template or • Give proper name to the client and click ‘OK’.graphics stored from local or remote system can be used for replacing the original input video. Also any plain background can be selected of required color for the occasion. Here the full page template / graphics feature gets the priority over the plain background feature, if both are selected
Irrespective of the size of the image or graphics being chosen, it fits into the output monitor i.e. 720
3.2.5 Scroll Speed
3.3 Channel Logo
3.5 Making of a new advertisement
3.4 Graphics / Full Page Template
Scene-1
Scene-2
Plain Background Image
• Click ‘Font’ required font, automatically saved in the folder named with color, style and size of the respective date.content to be typed. ‘Bold’, ‘Italic’ and ‘Underline’ can also be used directly from
Click on ‘Preview’ button to preview the the tool bar.
advertisement(s) in playlist before giving on-air. Green LED shows preview is ON.• Choose the language to be used for advertisement
from the language bar placed. This selection would be required for Unicode fonts.
• Type the content in edit window and press ‘Save’ at tool bar.
Click on ‘Start’ button to play the advertisement(s) in • Now, click on “Preview” to see the crawling playlist. Green LED shows scroll is on air.
location, color , speed,size and content.
• Click on “Start” button to make it on-air.
• If any changes to be done to scroll parameter(s) and text, it will take effect On-air only after clicking “Update ONAIR” button.
Uncheck the advertisement from the playlist and double click it which brings it to edit mode. Now
An Image can be added to the client by browsing click on “Remove” and then on “Update ONAIR” against the client under the column ‘Image’ in playlist button.window.
It is inserted only at the beginning of particular Changes made to text, scroll parameters etc while advertisement. Irrespective of the size of original scroll line is on air, can take effect only after image chosen, it is resized to fit on scroll clicking ‘Update ONAIR’. This will be seen On-Air background strip maintaining its aspect ratio. after the end of previous scroll text.
Advertisement(s) can be added to playlist by clicking ‘Load file’ and browsing from proper folder. Advertisements added to the playlist will be
1. What should be the resolution of screen?
1024 X 768
3.8 Preview the Scroll
3.9 Start Scroll
3.10 Removing advertisement from playlist
3.6 Adding an Image to the advertisement
3.11 Update On-Air
3.7 Loading the advertisement
4 Frequently Asked Questions
April'14 - September’14
26 27April'14 - September’14
The size of crawl line background can be varied from ‘Size' as per box. The default size of the crawl line is adjusted automatically according to the maximum font size of the text in advertisement. An example with two different scenarios is shown below.
The scrolling text speed (0-6) can be selected as per the requirement. Selecting ‘0’ value will make the scroll in preview to halt and the effect for on-air is that the crawl text will not be repeated leaving the background strip behind.
X 576. It gets stretched if the image is small or This feature allows DD scroll to work as logo squeezed if large.generator / keyer. Channel logo-Image file can be
selected here and inserted at required location on the screen by providing (x: Horizontal, y: Vertical) coordinates in the drop down boxes. The size of the • Select scroll line from logo can be adjusted from drop down boxes provided the available four at for width and height. playlist window. This
will be placed at pre-decided location but can be relocated to any place on the entire screen by selecting value at ‘ P l a c e m e n t ’ b o x . Similarly, the size of the scroll background and the speed with which it should crawl can be chosen from entering values at ‘Size’ and ‘Scroll speed’ boxes respectively. The line will be visible only after completion of the following few steps.
• Click on ‘Add New’ button in tool bar to make new advertisement.
This feature allows DD Scroll to function as full page character generator. An image template or • Give proper name to the client and click ‘OK’.graphics stored from local or remote system can be used for replacing the original input video. Also any plain background can be selected of required color for the occasion. Here the full page template / graphics feature gets the priority over the plain background feature, if both are selected
Irrespective of the size of the image or graphics being chosen, it fits into the output monitor i.e. 720
3.2.5 Scroll Speed
3.3 Channel Logo
3.5 Making of a new advertisement
3.4 Graphics / Full Page Template
Scene-1
Scene-2
Plain Background Image
• Click ‘Font’ required font, automatically saved in the folder named with color, style and size of the respective date.content to be typed. ‘Bold’, ‘Italic’ and ‘Underline’ can also be used directly from
Click on ‘Preview’ button to preview the the tool bar.
advertisement(s) in playlist before giving on-air. Green LED shows preview is ON.• Choose the language to be used for advertisement
from the language bar placed. This selection would be required for Unicode fonts.
• Type the content in edit window and press ‘Save’ at tool bar.
Click on ‘Start’ button to play the advertisement(s) in • Now, click on “Preview” to see the crawling playlist. Green LED shows scroll is on air.
location, color , speed,size and content.
• Click on “Start” button to make it on-air.
• If any changes to be done to scroll parameter(s) and text, it will take effect On-air only after clicking “Update ONAIR” button.
Uncheck the advertisement from the playlist and double click it which brings it to edit mode. Now
An Image can be added to the client by browsing click on “Remove” and then on “Update ONAIR” against the client under the column ‘Image’ in playlist button.window.
It is inserted only at the beginning of particular Changes made to text, scroll parameters etc while advertisement. Irrespective of the size of original scroll line is on air, can take effect only after image chosen, it is resized to fit on scroll clicking ‘Update ONAIR’. This will be seen On-Air background strip maintaining its aspect ratio. after the end of previous scroll text.
Advertisement(s) can be added to playlist by clicking ‘Load file’ and browsing from proper folder. Advertisements added to the playlist will be
1. What should be the resolution of screen?
1024 X 768
3.8 Preview the Scroll
3.9 Start Scroll
3.10 Removing advertisement from playlist
3.6 Adding an Image to the advertisement
3.11 Update On-Air
3.7 Loading the advertisement
4 Frequently Asked Questions
April'14 - September’14
26 27April'14 - September’14
2. How to enable the language bar? best performance.
Go to Control Panel \Clock, Language, and Region 4. Video output after running the application for sometime is going black.
Click on Change keyboards or other input methodsGoto Control Panel\Hardware and Sound\Power Options\Edit Plan Settings
Check Balanced Settings
Click Change Plane Settings
Keep ‘Never’ in both Turn off the display and Put the Computer Off to sleep.
5. Any other precautions to be taken while the application is ON?
This is useful particularly when Unicode font is to be selected. Yes, prefer not to open applications which affect the
performance of DD Scroll application.3. How to improve performance of 6. What can be the reasons for failure of video at the visual effects on output while the input is through?computer while
Few possible reasons are as follows:running DD Scroll application?
• Input source may not be set. Go to Blackmagic Design Control panel / Settings, set the input Go to: Control properly. (Refer section 1.2) Panel\All Control
Panel• DD Scroll application might be closed. Keep it active.
Items\Performanc• Decklink card can be tested with Blackmagic Media
e Information and Express editing software provided with your system.
Tools.
Click: Adjus t Visual effects
Check: Adjust for
5. Connection Diagram
6. Support Address:The Deputy Director General (Engg),
If you run into any problems / inconvenience using DD Doordarshan Kendra,Scroll software and that related to Black magic Design DD Girnar Circle, Drive-In road,Decklink card, check out our support staff at IT Cell at Ahmedabad, India-380054Doordarshan Kendra, Ahmedabad. Phone: 079-26853174
E-mail: [email protected]
About The Author
Sh. Jadav Pravin B. presently working as Assistant Engineer,
Doordarshan Kendra Ahmedabad, holds a Diploma in Electrical
Engineeering. He has more than 20 years of experience in IT based
Video systems. Presently In charge of Maintenance of Post
Production and Graphics Section at DDK Ahmedabad
April'14 - September’14
28 29April'14 - September’14
2. How to enable the language bar? best performance.
Go to Control Panel \Clock, Language, and Region 4. Video output after running the application for sometime is going black.
Click on Change keyboards or other input methodsGoto Control Panel\Hardware and Sound\Power Options\Edit Plan Settings
Check Balanced Settings
Click Change Plane Settings
Keep ‘Never’ in both Turn off the display and Put the Computer Off to sleep.
5. Any other precautions to be taken while the application is ON?
This is useful particularly when Unicode font is to be selected. Yes, prefer not to open applications which affect the
performance of DD Scroll application.3. How to improve performance of 6. What can be the reasons for failure of video at the visual effects on output while the input is through?computer while
Few possible reasons are as follows:running DD Scroll application?
• Input source may not be set. Go to Blackmagic Design Control panel / Settings, set the input Go to: Control properly. (Refer section 1.2) Panel\All Control
Panel• DD Scroll application might be closed. Keep it active.
Items\Performanc• Decklink card can be tested with Blackmagic Media
e Information and Express editing software provided with your system.
Tools.
Click: Adjus t Visual effects
Check: Adjust for
5. Connection Diagram
6. Support Address:The Deputy Director General (Engg),
If you run into any problems / inconvenience using DD Doordarshan Kendra,Scroll software and that related to Black magic Design DD Girnar Circle, Drive-In road,Decklink card, check out our support staff at IT Cell at Ahmedabad, India-380054Doordarshan Kendra, Ahmedabad. Phone: 079-26853174
E-mail: [email protected]
About The Author
Sh. Jadav Pravin B. presently working as Assistant Engineer,
Doordarshan Kendra Ahmedabad, holds a Diploma in Electrical
Engineeering. He has more than 20 years of experience in IT based
Video systems. Presently In charge of Maintenance of Post
Production and Graphics Section at DDK Ahmedabad
April'14 - September’14
28 29April'14 - September’14
30
World Scream Contest
Diversity of Acoustics
Birth of Acoustics
Planet Earth
mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids
“Scream Contest” is a bizarreacoustic event that takes inc lud ing v ib ra t ion ,
place, in some well-known parts of the world. The sound, ultrasound and
participants, men, women and children are required to i n f r a s o u n d ” . T h e
scream, at the top of their voices. The Sound Pressure application of Acoustics
Level, Duration and the principles can be seen, in
Pitch of the scream are almost all aspects of
measured.The winners modern society, its frontiers extending much beyond,the
become Scream Stars and most obvious, Audio and Noise Control industries.
get benefits of free travel trips. In this contest, Salutations to Pythagoras, believed to have lived and humans have produced worked in the sixth century, forkeeping lots of people high pitched screams at engaged in study, discovery, invention and levels of 125-129 dBs, investigation, leading to enrichment of Acoustics.sustained for durations of 40-55 seconds!
One has only to look, at the classification below, Scream contest is a unique, though crazy, acoustic event
showing eighteen major subfields of Acoustics, as indeed! Till date, no one has screamed, to exceed the
classified in the PACS classification system. These have upper threshold of hearing, of 130 dBs. Looks like,
been grouped into three domains; Physical Acoustics, Nature's safety mechanism comes into play. After all,
Biological Acoustics and Acoustical Engineering.people should not be breaking their own eardrums, by their own screams!
This article, takes a tour of some of the loudest acoustic events, happening on planet earth.
Most of us hadour encounter with the Greek philosopher Pythagoras, when we dealt with right angled triangles, in school. Later in our life, we had a second encounter, with the same philosopher, in his investigations with vibrating strings. The Greek, got curious, why some musical intervals, sounded harmonious than others and The bigger picture - in this context, shall we say the found answers,in harmonic overtone series. What bigger sound? - emerges, when we look at planet earth, started as fundamental and first six overtones ofa in totality, comprising of land, water, air and living vibrating string, blossomed into an interdisciplinary things.Animals use sounds, for a wide variety of science that came to be known as,Acoustics. reasons. Some of these uses are for mating, self-defense
and hunting. As 70 % of land surface is covered with The current definition of Acoustics, runs thus ; ” saline water, acoustical activity in water is massive, interdisciplinary science, that deals with the study of, all
Acoustics-the Bigger PictureE.Venkitakrishnan
Acoustics is just not about rooms or halls. It is much, much more than that. It is about life and all living things and their habitats. Sound can soothe .Sound can also scar. But when decibels get high, the fallout can be calamitous. It is time, then to read the writing on the wall and ponder can rescue our endangered planet. over how best we and think and rescue the endangered eco system.
SCREAM CONTEST - 129 dB
PYTHAGORAS
Physical Acoustics Biological Acoustics Acoustical Engineering
• Acoustic Theory • Bio •
• Aero • Musical Instrumentation
• Linear • Physiological • Signal Processing
• Nonlinear • Psychological • Architectural
• Structural • Speech & • Environmental
• Underwater Communication • Transduction
• Ultrasonic
• Room Acoustics
Measurements and
6131
pushing that on the earth, to the second position. So here are some loud ones, in water and land.
The Lion, the majestic lord of the jungle, roars for several different reasons; one is to establish territory, another, for social
The Blue Whale, the biggest animal on the planet, can c o m m u n i c a t i o n
emit very loud, structured, repetitive, low-frequency b e t w e e n f a m i l y
sounds that can travel for hundreds of kilometers, members, in a pride.
underwater. These 'songs,' are thought to be used, for At 115dB, its mighty
communicating with other Blue Whales, for mating. roar can be heard,
Their song, can reach upwards of 188 dBs, which is has a range of 8 km.
louder than a jet engine, on land. And they need the
In 1980s, one of the AES (Acoustics Engineering distance - a pride's Society) journal issues had included a thin polymer home range can span audio disc of recorded whale songs, from the ocean over 260 sq. kmdepths. It gave an insight into the ocean depths and the way the magnificent blue whales communicate.
Green Grocer Cicada belongs to the insect world. Only the males sing and they do so, to call fora female! Cicadas are different, to all other insects, in that they have a musical drums in their abdomen, called tymbals (rhymes with cymbals!). Contraction of the internal muscles causes them to buckle inwards and produce a pulse of sound. The hollow a b d o m e n , t h e n amplifies the sound. Cicadas are known
Tiny by comparison, to the Blue whale, is the Tiger to produce sound, in Pistol Shrimp. This little crustacean, found in tropical excess of 120dB.reefs around the world, is capable of snapping its claw and emitting a sound, up to 200 dBs, which it uses to stun its prey. This is a good 12 dB improvement, over the In the nature's scheme of things, the Blue Whale, Tiger giant Blue Whale!Pistol shrimps have one or sometimes Pistol Shrimp, Lion and Green GrocerCicada, have been two, oversized claws that create a cavitation bubble as it endowed with capability to generate highdecibels, for snaps shut. This bubble, very briefly reaches myriad reasons-some known and some unknown to temperatures approaching that of the sun, about 4700 man. But, thebeauty is that, these do not pollute our degrees Celsius. The result is a high level "popping" planet, are part of nature and completely in sync with the noise followed by sonic waves. eco system.
What pollutes our environment is the rather liberal dose of,manmade noise.These are many and the list is still growing. All of us have first-hand experience, of at least of some of these. Traffic noises, noisy celebrations accompanied by blaring speakers and firecrackers so on and so forth.
The super high wattage speakers output audio, at ear-splitting 135-145dBs, at threshold of pain, for the
• The Lord of the Jungle
• The Blue Whale
• Green Grocer Cicada
• Tiger Pistol Shrimp
• Man Made Noise
• Rock Concert
BLUE WHALE- 188 dB
TIGER PISTOL SHRIMP- 200dB
LORD OF THE JUNGLE- 115dB
GREEN GROCER CICADA- 120dB
April'14 - September’14April'14 - September’14
30
World Scream Contest
Diversity of Acoustics
Birth of Acoustics
Planet Earth
mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids
“Scream Contest” is a bizarreacoustic event that takes inc lud ing v ib ra t ion ,
place, in some well-known parts of the world. The sound, ultrasound and
participants, men, women and children are required to i n f r a s o u n d ” . T h e
scream, at the top of their voices. The Sound Pressure application of Acoustics
Level, Duration and the principles can be seen, in
Pitch of the scream are almost all aspects of
measured.The winners modern society, its frontiers extending much beyond,the
become Scream Stars and most obvious, Audio and Noise Control industries.
get benefits of free travel trips. In this contest, Salutations to Pythagoras, believed to have lived and humans have produced worked in the sixth century, forkeeping lots of people high pitched screams at engaged in study, discovery, invention and levels of 125-129 dBs, investigation, leading to enrichment of Acoustics.sustained for durations of 40-55 seconds!
One has only to look, at the classification below, Scream contest is a unique, though crazy, acoustic event
showing eighteen major subfields of Acoustics, as indeed! Till date, no one has screamed, to exceed the
classified in the PACS classification system. These have upper threshold of hearing, of 130 dBs. Looks like,
been grouped into three domains; Physical Acoustics, Nature's safety mechanism comes into play. After all,
Biological Acoustics and Acoustical Engineering.people should not be breaking their own eardrums, by their own screams!
This article, takes a tour of some of the loudest acoustic events, happening on planet earth.
Most of us hadour encounter with the Greek philosopher Pythagoras, when we dealt with right angled triangles, in school. Later in our life, we had a second encounter, with the same philosopher, in his investigations with vibrating strings. The Greek, got curious, why some musical intervals, sounded harmonious than others and The bigger picture - in this context, shall we say the found answers,in harmonic overtone series. What bigger sound? - emerges, when we look at planet earth, started as fundamental and first six overtones ofa in totality, comprising of land, water, air and living vibrating string, blossomed into an interdisciplinary things.Animals use sounds, for a wide variety of science that came to be known as,Acoustics. reasons. Some of these uses are for mating, self-defense
and hunting. As 70 % of land surface is covered with The current definition of Acoustics, runs thus ; ” saline water, acoustical activity in water is massive, interdisciplinary science, that deals with the study of, all
Acoustics-the Bigger PictureE.Venkitakrishnan
Acoustics is just not about rooms or halls. It is much, much more than that. It is about life and all living things and their habitats. Sound can soothe .Sound can also scar. But when decibels get high, the fallout can be calamitous. It is time, then to read the writing on the wall and ponder can rescue our endangered planet. over how best we and think and rescue the endangered eco system.
SCREAM CONTEST - 129 dB
PYTHAGORAS
Physical Acoustics Biological Acoustics Acoustical Engineering
• Acoustic Theory • Bio •
• Aero • Musical Instrumentation
• Linear • Physiological • Signal Processing
• Nonlinear • Psychological • Architectural
• Structural • Speech & • Environmental
• Underwater Communication • Transduction
• Ultrasonic
• Room Acoustics
Measurements and
6131
pushing that on the earth, to the second position. So here are some loud ones, in water and land.
The Lion, the majestic lord of the jungle, roars for several different reasons; one is to establish territory, another, for social
The Blue Whale, the biggest animal on the planet, can c o m m u n i c a t i o n
emit very loud, structured, repetitive, low-frequency b e t w e e n f a m i l y
sounds that can travel for hundreds of kilometers, members, in a pride.
underwater. These 'songs,' are thought to be used, for At 115dB, its mighty
communicating with other Blue Whales, for mating. roar can be heard,
Their song, can reach upwards of 188 dBs, which is has a range of 8 km.
louder than a jet engine, on land. And they need the
In 1980s, one of the AES (Acoustics Engineering distance - a pride's Society) journal issues had included a thin polymer home range can span audio disc of recorded whale songs, from the ocean over 260 sq. kmdepths. It gave an insight into the ocean depths and the way the magnificent blue whales communicate.
Green Grocer Cicada belongs to the insect world. Only the males sing and they do so, to call fora female! Cicadas are different, to all other insects, in that they have a musical drums in their abdomen, called tymbals (rhymes with cymbals!). Contraction of the internal muscles causes them to buckle inwards and produce a pulse of sound. The hollow a b d o m e n , t h e n amplifies the sound. Cicadas are known
Tiny by comparison, to the Blue whale, is the Tiger to produce sound, in Pistol Shrimp. This little crustacean, found in tropical excess of 120dB.reefs around the world, is capable of snapping its claw and emitting a sound, up to 200 dBs, which it uses to stun its prey. This is a good 12 dB improvement, over the In the nature's scheme of things, the Blue Whale, Tiger giant Blue Whale!Pistol shrimps have one or sometimes Pistol Shrimp, Lion and Green GrocerCicada, have been two, oversized claws that create a cavitation bubble as it endowed with capability to generate highdecibels, for snaps shut. This bubble, very briefly reaches myriad reasons-some known and some unknown to temperatures approaching that of the sun, about 4700 man. But, thebeauty is that, these do not pollute our degrees Celsius. The result is a high level "popping" planet, are part of nature and completely in sync with the noise followed by sonic waves. eco system.
What pollutes our environment is the rather liberal dose of,manmade noise.These are many and the list is still growing. All of us have first-hand experience, of at least of some of these. Traffic noises, noisy celebrations accompanied by blaring speakers and firecrackers so on and so forth.
The super high wattage speakers output audio, at ear-splitting 135-145dBs, at threshold of pain, for the
• The Lord of the Jungle
• The Blue Whale
• Green Grocer Cicada
• Tiger Pistol Shrimp
• Man Made Noise
• Rock Concert
BLUE WHALE- 188 dB
TIGER PISTOL SHRIMP- 200dB
LORD OF THE JUNGLE- 115dB
GREEN GROCER CICADA- 120dB
April'14 - September’14April'14 - September’14
32
human ear.The front with side effects, such as, whistling and buzzing in the audienceseat, in rock ears. Deafness, of a permanent nature, can result due to concerts where the sonic continuous noise exposure, at 100 dB.boom is highest, is aptly called “nose bleeding seats.” High background noise levels, affect the efficiency in
offices, schools and other places, where communication is, of vital importance. While externalsoundscan
Fireworks areexplosions interfere with conversation, internal sources, such as that are very loud. At the loud radio and TV, also contribute. The maximum bursting point,the levels acceptable level of noise, under such conditions, is 55 reach a staggering, 145- dB; background level of 70 dB, is considered very noisy.150dBs.In our country, cracker manufacture is a thriving industry and The loss of sleep from noise, affects personal well-m i s h a p s d u r i n g being and job performance. The preferable level is manufacture, resulting in below 40 dB. Frequent sleep interference is a health death, are not uncommon. A dangerous business indeed! hazard, since it deprives a person of the restorative
process, for his organs to renew their supply of energy and nutritive elements, provided only by a good night's
F o r m u l a O n e b u f f s , sleep.watching the event in close proximity, better watch out! As the car fires Noise pollution, lowers down the hearing capabilities of up i t s engines and an individual, in turn, results in poor attention and s c r e a m s d o w n t h e concentration, nervousness etc.r a ceway, t he no i s e generated can be more than just loud, agood 155-160 dBs. Annoyance is felt at about 75 to 85 dB. Blood vessels get
constricted, breathing rate is affected and muscle tension changes.
F o r t u n a t e l y, r o c k e t launching pads, are not located, in the middle of Noise, makes people mentally ill and reduces their thickly populated areas! working efficiency. Irregular bursts and impact noises W h e n r o c k e t s g e t s are more disruptive, than steady noises. Noise levels of launched (blast off), the 90dB, may interfere with the performance of a task.acoustic noise generated is in the range of 165-170 dBs, lasting the lift off period. Incidence of hypertension, insomnia, fatigue, blood
pressure and deafness are found high, amongst people living in noise polluted areas.
Excessive exposure to noise can result in annoyance, mental tension, irritability, emotionaldisturbance circulatory issues, heart problems, loss of equilibrium Ultrasonic sound can affect the semi-circular canals, of and permanent incurable deafness. the inner ear and make one suffer from, excessive
fatigue, headaches and vomiting.
Sub sonic can cause dizziness, nervous fatigue, nausea These include auditory fatigue and deafness. Auditory
and loss of balance and at higher intensities, can fatigue appears at 90 dB levels and may be associated
• Speech
• Fireworks
• Sleep
• Racing Car
• Behavioural
• Annoyance
• Space Shuttle Launch
• Efficiency
• Emotional
Impact of High Sound Levels on Humans
• Pathological
• Auditory
ROCK CONCERT- 145dB
PYROTECHNICS- 150dB
RACING CAR- 160dB
SPACE SHUTTLELAUNCH- 170 dB
33
produce resonance in the internal body organs of a Studies on impact of low and high intensity sound, on person resulting in reduced heartbeat, variations in marine life, show that aquatic animals, like cuttlefish blood pressure, breathing difficulties and possibly and octopus, suffer serious damage.For example, she death. sound produced from oil-drilling and other activities,
like commercial shipping, could damage auditory processing functions, of these animals.
Increased incidences of birth defects, still births and Birds, that make sound at lower frequencies for
unusually low weight, among children born to mothers, communication, bear the maximum impact, of the noise
living near high noise producing sources, such as pollution. The high noise levels mask their sound,
airports, blasts sites etc. Pregnant women, exposed to making difficult for male birds, to draw attention of
high dB explosive noise, stand the danger of female birds. Some male birds tend to sing at a higher
miscarriage.pitch,during noise pollution. This change in vocalization, results in a less appealing mating call and eventual extinction of species.
• AnxietySea animals, produce varying sound levels, among each
When exposed to high levels of noise, evidence other. Noise of commercial ships, interferes with their
indicates thatcow's capacity of milk production is communication, adversely affecting their feeding and
reduced. In many other species of animals and birds breeding functions. Studies show, that high frequency,
exposure has been found to induce trembling.high decibel sound can cause lesions, in a species of
• Discomfort shellfish, leading to death.
Studies show thatmarine animals, such as whales and dolphins, too experience discomfort, due to noise
Noise pollution is as bad as, any other type of pollution. pollution caused by submarines, shipping and sonars.
Government and Non-governmentOrganisationswill • Feeding/Breeding have to work hard, to create awareness and bring in
suitable legislation, right now, to avert a disaster. The Research has proven that, aircraft induced noise is
disaster, waiting round the corner, is nothing less than, responsible, for a significant decrease in reproduction
extinction of species.activity, in a wide range of animals. The ill-effects of noise can also be seen on chicken, in the form of, a sharp drop in egg production and stunted growth.
• Others
Impact of High Sound Levels on Animals
Man, Master of the Universe?
About The Author
Shri. E. Venkitakrishnan, served All India Radio from 1964 -1998. He worked in designations of Engineering Assistant to Deputy Director (E), at several locations. After superannuation in January 1998, he had several post retirement assignments, related to broadcasting, in Public and Private sectors. He lives in Bangalore.
Email ID: [email protected]
Mob: 09810634434LL: 80 41608200
April'14 - September’14April'14 - September’14
32
human ear.The front with side effects, such as, whistling and buzzing in the audienceseat, in rock ears. Deafness, of a permanent nature, can result due to concerts where the sonic continuous noise exposure, at 100 dB.boom is highest, is aptly called “nose bleeding seats.” High background noise levels, affect the efficiency in
offices, schools and other places, where communication is, of vital importance. While externalsoundscan
Fireworks areexplosions interfere with conversation, internal sources, such as that are very loud. At the loud radio and TV, also contribute. The maximum bursting point,the levels acceptable level of noise, under such conditions, is 55 reach a staggering, 145- dB; background level of 70 dB, is considered very noisy.150dBs.In our country, cracker manufacture is a thriving industry and The loss of sleep from noise, affects personal well-m i s h a p s d u r i n g being and job performance. The preferable level is manufacture, resulting in below 40 dB. Frequent sleep interference is a health death, are not uncommon. A dangerous business indeed! hazard, since it deprives a person of the restorative
process, for his organs to renew their supply of energy and nutritive elements, provided only by a good night's
F o r m u l a O n e b u f f s , sleep.watching the event in close proximity, better watch out! As the car fires Noise pollution, lowers down the hearing capabilities of up i t s engines and an individual, in turn, results in poor attention and s c r e a m s d o w n t h e concentration, nervousness etc.r a ceway, t he no i s e generated can be more than just loud, agood 155-160 dBs. Annoyance is felt at about 75 to 85 dB. Blood vessels get
constricted, breathing rate is affected and muscle tension changes.
F o r t u n a t e l y, r o c k e t launching pads, are not located, in the middle of Noise, makes people mentally ill and reduces their thickly populated areas! working efficiency. Irregular bursts and impact noises W h e n r o c k e t s g e t s are more disruptive, than steady noises. Noise levels of launched (blast off), the 90dB, may interfere with the performance of a task.acoustic noise generated is in the range of 165-170 dBs, lasting the lift off period. Incidence of hypertension, insomnia, fatigue, blood
pressure and deafness are found high, amongst people living in noise polluted areas.
Excessive exposure to noise can result in annoyance, mental tension, irritability, emotionaldisturbance circulatory issues, heart problems, loss of equilibrium Ultrasonic sound can affect the semi-circular canals, of and permanent incurable deafness. the inner ear and make one suffer from, excessive
fatigue, headaches and vomiting.
Sub sonic can cause dizziness, nervous fatigue, nausea These include auditory fatigue and deafness. Auditory
and loss of balance and at higher intensities, can fatigue appears at 90 dB levels and may be associated
• Speech
• Fireworks
• Sleep
• Racing Car
• Behavioural
• Annoyance
• Space Shuttle Launch
• Efficiency
• Emotional
Impact of High Sound Levels on Humans
• Pathological
• Auditory
ROCK CONCERT- 145dB
PYROTECHNICS- 150dB
RACING CAR- 160dB
SPACE SHUTTLELAUNCH- 170 dB
33
produce resonance in the internal body organs of a Studies on impact of low and high intensity sound, on person resulting in reduced heartbeat, variations in marine life, show that aquatic animals, like cuttlefish blood pressure, breathing difficulties and possibly and octopus, suffer serious damage.For example, she death. sound produced from oil-drilling and other activities,
like commercial shipping, could damage auditory processing functions, of these animals.
Increased incidences of birth defects, still births and Birds, that make sound at lower frequencies for
unusually low weight, among children born to mothers, communication, bear the maximum impact, of the noise
living near high noise producing sources, such as pollution. The high noise levels mask their sound,
airports, blasts sites etc. Pregnant women, exposed to making difficult for male birds, to draw attention of
high dB explosive noise, stand the danger of female birds. Some male birds tend to sing at a higher
miscarriage.pitch,during noise pollution. This change in vocalization, results in a less appealing mating call and eventual extinction of species.
• AnxietySea animals, produce varying sound levels, among each
When exposed to high levels of noise, evidence other. Noise of commercial ships, interferes with their
indicates thatcow's capacity of milk production is communication, adversely affecting their feeding and
reduced. In many other species of animals and birds breeding functions. Studies show, that high frequency,
exposure has been found to induce trembling.high decibel sound can cause lesions, in a species of
• Discomfort shellfish, leading to death.
Studies show thatmarine animals, such as whales and dolphins, too experience discomfort, due to noise
Noise pollution is as bad as, any other type of pollution. pollution caused by submarines, shipping and sonars.
Government and Non-governmentOrganisationswill • Feeding/Breeding have to work hard, to create awareness and bring in
suitable legislation, right now, to avert a disaster. The Research has proven that, aircraft induced noise is
disaster, waiting round the corner, is nothing less than, responsible, for a significant decrease in reproduction
extinction of species.activity, in a wide range of animals. The ill-effects of noise can also be seen on chicken, in the form of, a sharp drop in egg production and stunted growth.
• Others
Impact of High Sound Levels on Animals
Man, Master of the Universe?
About The Author
Shri. E. Venkitakrishnan, served All India Radio from 1964 -1998. He worked in designations of Engineering Assistant to Deputy Director (E), at several locations. After superannuation in January 1998, he had several post retirement assignments, related to broadcasting, in Public and Private sectors. He lives in Bangalore.
Email ID: [email protected]
Mob: 09810634434LL: 80 41608200
April'14 - September’14April'14 - September’14
'Necessity is the mother of all inventions and innovations.' • To News editors on their terminals to preview Kendra's journey to tapeless digital ecosystem for all while writing news storiesprogramme and News activities started way back in • To Video Editors on their NLEs for editing the 2001 when our Kendra was first in the Doordarshan content as per the requirement of News bulletins network to introduce server based play-out for 24 x 7 prepared.transmission of Chandana. That journey passed
• To automatically play out the edited News stories through different phases, and many intermediate in a desired sequence during the live production of stages to reach the ultimate present form in which the news bulletin. entire ecosystem of News and programme
production, post production and archiving is digital. • With a provision to make last minute changes in Challenges in its implementation were: the run order.
vTo make stand-alone discrete systems to • Provision to archive both text and the stories used communicate with each other and create network for a particular bulletin for future reference.based content exchange between systems.
All the challenges mentioned above were overcome vCreation of gigabit network backbone linking by in house developmental effort and introduction of
Transmitter complex – Studio Block – ENG cost effective solutions. Details on the developmental Section to have smooth, high bandwidth data and innovative initiatives accomplished by the exchange between different working areas. Kendra which he lped in the successfu l
implementation of complete digital ecosystem in a vTo procure or take up developmental work of a cost effective manner are given below.fully user friendly and network based Character
Generator to replace old Move CG and Beehive A. Successful implementation of Newsroom CG. automation by introducing Tapeless and paperless
News production using available equipments:vTo procure or develop play-out server to replace existing old EVS play out server, which is being § Some time back, Kendra had received two used for 24 x 7 Chandana service play-out since numbers of Edius Canopus NLE connected to 2001. Storenext (SAN) central storage with usable capacity
of 7.2 TB (total capacity 10TB). Since, this system vIntroducing archival systems for preserving older supported networking and data sharing, it was content of the Kendra using Media Asset decided to use it integrated with GeeVs video server Management ( MAM) software and LTO-5.which also supports multi-format play-out and
vUsing emerging delivery platforms like- internet, provides access to its internal memory storage. Using Mobile and hand held devices etc for content this integrated system along with FTP server, kendra delivery to keep in pace with the industry has achieved total News room automation. This standards and viewers demand. integrated system has following features
vTotal Newsroom automation for both text and • Kendra was first to introduce Internet News video by introducing tapeless News gathering, Gathering(-ING), has setup two parallel FTP internet News gathering and direct disk based off- servers for receiving all news feeds from stringers telecast recording of national News bulletins. through Internet News Gathering(-ING)Arranging the same digital content
Digital EcosystemAnil Kumar Mangalgi An in-house initiative
• The News feeds ( MPEG2 or MPEG4 files) the media available at the Kendra and also to preserve received from different stringers through internet the same using latest archival medium like LTO-5. on FTP server are automatically pushed directly Even though task was tough, we could successfully in to designated folder of Edius Canopus NLE. implement tape library and Media Asset management After editing, final edited clip can be sent directly application software. Block diagram of the setup to GeeVs server for play-out during News created is enclosed. This has following features: transmission.
• Local news clips can be ingested and edited using one of the two Canopus NLE and final edited clip can also be directly sent to the play-out server.
• News editor is able to see both raw footages, archives and the edited stories on the server in the Newsroom itself. He is also able to decide and prepare News bulletins rundown playlist sequence. It is also possible to change run order during News bulletin transmission.
• News editor is also able to enter and correct text for scroll, News headline and able to control CG operations from Newsroom itself without going to PCR.
This integrated networked environment for News § Tape library and MAM application software has a production and post production is developed around provision to create metadata in similar format to the SAN central storage Storenext. Doordarshan central archiving.
§ Kendra has recently procured two Network § This application has the facility to create low res Attached Storage(NAS) systems under ARCA fund. video for browsing while archiving High res video on One system is of 24TB storage capacity, being used LTO-5. along with SAN in the studio postproduction activities
§ Low res video along with complete associated and the second one is of 6TB being used as central
meta data can be viewed on world wide web using storage for in-house developed play-out server at earth
URL http://202.83.16.241:83 . This can be utilized by station.
other Kendra's to search and view our archived content and later send formal request for Hi Res video required by them. Similar setup, if replicated at other § Kendra has also created Gigabit backbone centres, would help in big way for smooth programme network for linking ENG, Studios and Transmitter exchange between the various Doordarshan kendras. complex. Now, it is easy to send the final edited
content scheduled for transmission directly from § Kendra has already archived more than 500Hrs of central storage to the transmission play out server by content .using simple FTP command.
Cost of implementation:B. Media Asset Management(MAM) and
Kendra could implement tape library and MAM Archiving on LTO-5:
application software along with LTO-5 based After successful implementation of Newsroom archiving in 12 lakhs using ARCA fund of automation by introducing tapeless and paperless for ADG(SZ). News production, my next challenge was to setup a
C. In-house development of AKCESS CG software server to maintain the records of our tape library. Have
to replace Beehive CG:MAM application software to create a metadata of all
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
3534
'Necessity is the mother of all inventions and innovations.' • To News editors on their terminals to preview Kendra's journey to tapeless digital ecosystem for all while writing news storiesprogramme and News activities started way back in • To Video Editors on their NLEs for editing the 2001 when our Kendra was first in the Doordarshan content as per the requirement of News bulletins network to introduce server based play-out for 24 x 7 prepared.transmission of Chandana. That journey passed
• To automatically play out the edited News stories through different phases, and many intermediate in a desired sequence during the live production of stages to reach the ultimate present form in which the news bulletin. entire ecosystem of News and programme
production, post production and archiving is digital. • With a provision to make last minute changes in Challenges in its implementation were: the run order.
vTo make stand-alone discrete systems to • Provision to archive both text and the stories used communicate with each other and create network for a particular bulletin for future reference.based content exchange between systems.
All the challenges mentioned above were overcome vCreation of gigabit network backbone linking by in house developmental effort and introduction of
Transmitter complex – Studio Block – ENG cost effective solutions. Details on the developmental Section to have smooth, high bandwidth data and innovative initiatives accomplished by the exchange between different working areas. Kendra which he lped in the successfu l
implementation of complete digital ecosystem in a vTo procure or take up developmental work of a cost effective manner are given below.fully user friendly and network based Character
Generator to replace old Move CG and Beehive A. Successful implementation of Newsroom CG. automation by introducing Tapeless and paperless
News production using available equipments:vTo procure or develop play-out server to replace existing old EVS play out server, which is being § Some time back, Kendra had received two used for 24 x 7 Chandana service play-out since numbers of Edius Canopus NLE connected to 2001. Storenext (SAN) central storage with usable capacity
of 7.2 TB (total capacity 10TB). Since, this system vIntroducing archival systems for preserving older supported networking and data sharing, it was content of the Kendra using Media Asset decided to use it integrated with GeeVs video server Management ( MAM) software and LTO-5.which also supports multi-format play-out and
vUsing emerging delivery platforms like- internet, provides access to its internal memory storage. Using Mobile and hand held devices etc for content this integrated system along with FTP server, kendra delivery to keep in pace with the industry has achieved total News room automation. This standards and viewers demand. integrated system has following features
vTotal Newsroom automation for both text and • Kendra was first to introduce Internet News video by introducing tapeless News gathering, Gathering(-ING), has setup two parallel FTP internet News gathering and direct disk based off- servers for receiving all news feeds from stringers telecast recording of national News bulletins. through Internet News Gathering(-ING)Arranging the same digital content
Digital EcosystemAnil Kumar Mangalgi An in-house initiative
• The News feeds ( MPEG2 or MPEG4 files) the media available at the Kendra and also to preserve received from different stringers through internet the same using latest archival medium like LTO-5. on FTP server are automatically pushed directly Even though task was tough, we could successfully in to designated folder of Edius Canopus NLE. implement tape library and Media Asset management After editing, final edited clip can be sent directly application software. Block diagram of the setup to GeeVs server for play-out during News created is enclosed. This has following features: transmission.
• Local news clips can be ingested and edited using one of the two Canopus NLE and final edited clip can also be directly sent to the play-out server.
• News editor is able to see both raw footages, archives and the edited stories on the server in the Newsroom itself. He is also able to decide and prepare News bulletins rundown playlist sequence. It is also possible to change run order during News bulletin transmission.
• News editor is also able to enter and correct text for scroll, News headline and able to control CG operations from Newsroom itself without going to PCR.
This integrated networked environment for News § Tape library and MAM application software has a production and post production is developed around provision to create metadata in similar format to the SAN central storage Storenext. Doordarshan central archiving.
§ Kendra has recently procured two Network § This application has the facility to create low res Attached Storage(NAS) systems under ARCA fund. video for browsing while archiving High res video on One system is of 24TB storage capacity, being used LTO-5. along with SAN in the studio postproduction activities
§ Low res video along with complete associated and the second one is of 6TB being used as central
meta data can be viewed on world wide web using storage for in-house developed play-out server at earth
URL http://202.83.16.241:83 . This can be utilized by station.
other Kendra's to search and view our archived content and later send formal request for Hi Res video required by them. Similar setup, if replicated at other § Kendra has also created Gigabit backbone centres, would help in big way for smooth programme network for linking ENG, Studios and Transmitter exchange between the various Doordarshan kendras. complex. Now, it is easy to send the final edited
content scheduled for transmission directly from § Kendra has already archived more than 500Hrs of central storage to the transmission play out server by content .using simple FTP command.
Cost of implementation:B. Media Asset Management(MAM) and
Kendra could implement tape library and MAM Archiving on LTO-5:
application software along with LTO-5 based After successful implementation of Newsroom archiving in 12 lakhs using ARCA fund of automation by introducing tapeless and paperless for ADG(SZ). News production, my next challenge was to setup a
C. In-house development of AKCESS CG software server to maintain the records of our tape library. Have
to replace Beehive CG:MAM application software to create a metadata of all
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
3534
Kendra is having four Beehive CGs. These systems date, the same server is being extensively used for the are giving problem very often due to system crashing transmission. But, off late due to ageing, server is or hardware failure. The Installation procedure given occasionally giving problems. Since our transmission in the manual never works and needs configuration by is completely dependent on server, to avoid any kind the OEM. M/s Beehive systems , New Delhi OEM of major disruption due to the server failure, kendra and supplier of the system are insisting only for AMC proposed for procurement of a replacement server for giving any kind of support. This is causing lot of under ARCA in the year 2011. In spite of sincere inconvenience in faulty systems repair. Matter was efforts by Zonal Office, the procurement could not also taken up with the zonal office and the design wing materialize last year.of the Directorate.
In the meantime, encouraged by the successful In the meantime, to overcome the CG problems , implementation of in house developed AKCESS CG Kendra developed in house AKCESS CG using during Karnataka assembly election2013 Analysis, CASPERCG free ware software available on the net. we decided to take up the challenge of developing Front end Graphic User Interface(GUI) development, Play-out Server on similar lines in the month of backend integration and customization for this CG July,2013. After studying, the features of various application was carried out in-house using software branded servers and having detail discussions with the and hardware talent pool available in the Kendra. We operation staff, a block schematic comprising of could successfully introduce AKCESS CG in circuit various modules and work flow chart was prepared. and extensively utilized during the recent Karnataka Using in house software expertise in .NET, system Assembly Elections 2013 analysis. This not only gave integration and networking, we could successfully operational flexibility but also enhanced overall develop an integrated play-out server using available presentation during Assembly Election results resources at the Kendra and have named it as AKCESS telecast. This was appreciated by one and all. play-out server. This integrated Play-out server
software application has four modules namelySome of the advantages of the AKCESS CG are: -Ingesting (Recording)
§ Supports Multi layer and multiline super.-Editor and playlist builder
§ Supports animated logo and graphic insertion-Play-out server
§ Can be customized as per local requirements -Character generator and logo inserter
§ Can work easily in the networked environmentAll four modules can be installed on a single system or
§ Low cost, can be used in LPTs for local on multiple systems. Snapshot of the GUI for each
commercials insertion for additional revenue module is enclosed for quick reference. System
generation developed fully supports all the networking features
§Can be easily upgraded to HD format and is totally scalable from a simple stand- alone
Cost of implementation:
It is very cost effective and can easily be deployed for a little less than a Lakh.
D. In-house development of AKCESS Play-out sever:
Our Kendra was first in Doordarshan Network to introduce Server based Play-out system for 24 x 7 DD Chandana – Kannada Regional Service. This was introduced way back in the year 2001 by using EVS Play-out Server with 108 GB storage capacity. Till
mode to a completely integrated one built around play-out with a provision to preview while ingesting SAN and NAS systems. Kendra has designed and content and a minimum of 6TB storage from a reputed introduced the entire play- out system in an integrated company like Harris would cost 45- 50 lakhs. This form built around NAS. In this, there are two Play out system may not be having many features cited above. systems and two ingest / playlist builder systems. Each A totally integrated AKCESS server along with system directly interacts with the NAS and also has a minimum 6TB central storage fully capable to work in minimum of 2TB internal storage capacity for any any networked environment would cost around 15 standby requirements. Each system, uses Deck Link Lakhs. card for I/O interface. Kendra has successfully There is a clear saving of 35 lakhs behind each server implemented this integrated in house developed play- along with loads of additional features to exploit in out server for DD Chandana transmission since last day today usagetwo months.
v In Standalone mode play-out server can be Some of the advantages of this Play out server
deployed using a simple i7 desktop PC for a cost as application are:
low as around a lakh rupee. These systems can be §It can work smoothly on any i7 desktop PC and extensively used in the studio setup to record directly
above system. However for 24X7 operations work into central storage and can replace VTRs for both station systems are preferred. ingesting and play out purposes.
§All four modules can be installed and operated on E. Content delivery through emerging platforms:any standalone system. This gives operation The Internet, mobiles and hand held devices flexibility to deploy any system for any operations penetration and usage has increased very rapidly in by click of a button(i.e: Ingest to play-out and last few years. Young generation is just glued to these vice-versa). devices and delivery platforms, want everything on
§In standalone mode it can be extensively used in them. It has now become a challenge for us, to adopt the studio setup and can be a replacement for all and adapt to the needs of this class of content VTR ingesting and play-out. consumers. To reach out viewers on these emerging
platforms Kendra has made following attempts§ It can support multi layer and multiline scrolling
oKendra is maintaining i ts own website and super.and on this popular
§It can support animated LOGO insertionprogramme videos are being uploaded and
§It can be very effectively deployed for agriculture maintained. This would not only help Indian narrowcast play out at LPTs and can be connected consumers but also NRI kannadiga's staying every to FTP servers at the major Kendra for automatic nuke and corner of the world.content pulling using simple Broadband. This
oKendra has successfully demonstrated live would avoid physical delivery of tapes and whole
streaming of DD Chandana in MPEGDASH format narrowcasting content delivery can be automated.
using available 4Mbps internet bandwidth and §It can automatically super duration left to join streaming equipment offered by one of the Bangalore
back the programme during commercial play-out based company . In this setup , streaming is done in for the benefit of the viewer four bitrates- 32Kbps, 64 Kbps , 100kbps and 200 kbps
suitable for various devices. Depending on the §It can automatically save playlist for future bandwidth of the connected mobile or handheld reference, verification and recordsdevice , stream is selected automatically and it also
§It can be easily upgraded to HD format switches from one bit rate to the other depending on the bandwidth of the link. DD Chandana can be Financial Savings to the organization:v i e w e d o n a n y m o b i l e u s i n g l i n k
v A full fledged two channel ingest, two channel
www.ddchandana.gov.in
April'14 - September’14
36 37April'14 - September’14
Kendra is having four Beehive CGs. These systems date, the same server is being extensively used for the are giving problem very often due to system crashing transmission. But, off late due to ageing, server is or hardware failure. The Installation procedure given occasionally giving problems. Since our transmission in the manual never works and needs configuration by is completely dependent on server, to avoid any kind the OEM. M/s Beehive systems , New Delhi OEM of major disruption due to the server failure, kendra and supplier of the system are insisting only for AMC proposed for procurement of a replacement server for giving any kind of support. This is causing lot of under ARCA in the year 2011. In spite of sincere inconvenience in faulty systems repair. Matter was efforts by Zonal Office, the procurement could not also taken up with the zonal office and the design wing materialize last year.of the Directorate.
In the meantime, encouraged by the successful In the meantime, to overcome the CG problems , implementation of in house developed AKCESS CG Kendra developed in house AKCESS CG using during Karnataka assembly election2013 Analysis, CASPERCG free ware software available on the net. we decided to take up the challenge of developing Front end Graphic User Interface(GUI) development, Play-out Server on similar lines in the month of backend integration and customization for this CG July,2013. After studying, the features of various application was carried out in-house using software branded servers and having detail discussions with the and hardware talent pool available in the Kendra. We operation staff, a block schematic comprising of could successfully introduce AKCESS CG in circuit various modules and work flow chart was prepared. and extensively utilized during the recent Karnataka Using in house software expertise in .NET, system Assembly Elections 2013 analysis. This not only gave integration and networking, we could successfully operational flexibility but also enhanced overall develop an integrated play-out server using available presentation during Assembly Election results resources at the Kendra and have named it as AKCESS telecast. This was appreciated by one and all. play-out server. This integrated Play-out server
software application has four modules namelySome of the advantages of the AKCESS CG are: -Ingesting (Recording)
§ Supports Multi layer and multiline super.-Editor and playlist builder
§ Supports animated logo and graphic insertion-Play-out server
§ Can be customized as per local requirements -Character generator and logo inserter
§ Can work easily in the networked environmentAll four modules can be installed on a single system or
§ Low cost, can be used in LPTs for local on multiple systems. Snapshot of the GUI for each
commercials insertion for additional revenue module is enclosed for quick reference. System
generation developed fully supports all the networking features
§Can be easily upgraded to HD format and is totally scalable from a simple stand- alone
Cost of implementation:
It is very cost effective and can easily be deployed for a little less than a Lakh.
D. In-house development of AKCESS Play-out sever:
Our Kendra was first in Doordarshan Network to introduce Server based Play-out system for 24 x 7 DD Chandana – Kannada Regional Service. This was introduced way back in the year 2001 by using EVS Play-out Server with 108 GB storage capacity. Till
mode to a completely integrated one built around play-out with a provision to preview while ingesting SAN and NAS systems. Kendra has designed and content and a minimum of 6TB storage from a reputed introduced the entire play- out system in an integrated company like Harris would cost 45- 50 lakhs. This form built around NAS. In this, there are two Play out system may not be having many features cited above. systems and two ingest / playlist builder systems. Each A totally integrated AKCESS server along with system directly interacts with the NAS and also has a minimum 6TB central storage fully capable to work in minimum of 2TB internal storage capacity for any any networked environment would cost around 15 standby requirements. Each system, uses Deck Link Lakhs. card for I/O interface. Kendra has successfully There is a clear saving of 35 lakhs behind each server implemented this integrated in house developed play- along with loads of additional features to exploit in out server for DD Chandana transmission since last day today usagetwo months.
v In Standalone mode play-out server can be Some of the advantages of this Play out server
deployed using a simple i7 desktop PC for a cost as application are:
low as around a lakh rupee. These systems can be §It can work smoothly on any i7 desktop PC and extensively used in the studio setup to record directly
above system. However for 24X7 operations work into central storage and can replace VTRs for both station systems are preferred. ingesting and play out purposes.
§All four modules can be installed and operated on E. Content delivery through emerging platforms:any standalone system. This gives operation The Internet, mobiles and hand held devices flexibility to deploy any system for any operations penetration and usage has increased very rapidly in by click of a button(i.e: Ingest to play-out and last few years. Young generation is just glued to these vice-versa). devices and delivery platforms, want everything on
§In standalone mode it can be extensively used in them. It has now become a challenge for us, to adopt the studio setup and can be a replacement for all and adapt to the needs of this class of content VTR ingesting and play-out. consumers. To reach out viewers on these emerging
platforms Kendra has made following attempts§ It can support multi layer and multiline scrolling
oKendra is maintaining i ts own website and super.and on this popular
§It can support animated LOGO insertionprogramme videos are being uploaded and
§It can be very effectively deployed for agriculture maintained. This would not only help Indian narrowcast play out at LPTs and can be connected consumers but also NRI kannadiga's staying every to FTP servers at the major Kendra for automatic nuke and corner of the world.content pulling using simple Broadband. This
oKendra has successfully demonstrated live would avoid physical delivery of tapes and whole
streaming of DD Chandana in MPEGDASH format narrowcasting content delivery can be automated.
using available 4Mbps internet bandwidth and §It can automatically super duration left to join streaming equipment offered by one of the Bangalore
back the programme during commercial play-out based company . In this setup , streaming is done in for the benefit of the viewer four bitrates- 32Kbps, 64 Kbps , 100kbps and 200 kbps
suitable for various devices. Depending on the §It can automatically save playlist for future bandwidth of the connected mobile or handheld reference, verification and recordsdevice , stream is selected automatically and it also
§It can be easily upgraded to HD format switches from one bit rate to the other depending on the bandwidth of the link. DD Chandana can be Financial Savings to the organization:v i e w e d o n a n y m o b i l e u s i n g l i n k
v A full fledged two channel ingest, two channel
www.ddchandana.gov.in
April'14 - September’14
36 37April'14 - September’14
http://tv.ddchandana.in Not only the above mentioned core team but also every staff member of Doordarshan Kendra has It is not the machine but the men behind it who make contributed his bit in one form or the other in the the difference. Doordarshan is not just a typical successful implementation of Digital Ecosystem. government organisation, but a pool of capable These implementations, have not only resulted in individuals with vast experience and abundant talent, huge financial savings to the organisation but also who given an opportunity and a bit of motivation helped in building a strong in-house software talent would scale to greater heights. The team which to meet future challenges.worked relentlessly under my guidance in the
successful implementation of this digital ecosystem Before concluding, on behalf of Doordarshan Kendra is- Bangalore, I would like to express my sincere thanks
to Doordarshan Directorate and ADG(SZ) for their Ø Niranjan (ADE)
constant encouragement, motivation and financial Ø P M Salil Kumar (SEA) support in our endeavour.
Ø K Santosh Kumar (EA)
Ø N U Krishna Kumar (EA)
Ø N Vivekananda (Technician)
About The Author
Anil Kumar Mangalgi, Deputy Director General (Engg), joined Doordarshan India in 1989 after completing his Bachelors in Electronics and Communication Engineering. He has vast experience in all broadcasting fields. He is an expert in developing low cost indigenous solutions for Newsroom, Production and Transmission automation. He has rich experience in Outdoor Broadcast productions and was Director (Production and Coverage) during Common Wealth Games 2010, New Delhi. He was actively involved in AVN feed exchange migration from analog to digital. He is a recipient of many Doordarshan Awards and presented papers in UNESCO-ITU-ABU Regional workshop on ICT implementation.
He is currently the Chairman of BES (I), Bangalore Chapter and has rich experience in organising many national and international level conferences, seminars and workshops.
In India Broadcasters have always faced the problem of getting the news story, live reports from remote place to the news room as in this fast world the public expect breaking news within seconds. Microwave Links & satellite (DSNG) have been main source of news operation over recent decades, but we know microwaves are limited to clear line of sight back to a receiving point, Satellite can be used anywhere, fiber can be a good option for handy access point . Due to introduction of 3G services & popularity of smart phones , public do capture video clips of the scene on their Phones. Although the camera technique and the Video quality may be poor, the clips of that event have gritty reality & immediacy looks good in a news cast. Introduction of 4G LTE networks give more BGAN is a network operated by Inmarsat. The ground opportunity to send high quality video with higher speed station uses a lap top sized antenna and is popular for available with 4G. The concept of video over-cellular news gathering in remote places where there is no has changed the picture of news casting. So, with cellular coverage. Data rate is limited by 500 Kb/s. It is equipped backpack reporter can reach the spot in a costly than cellular connections.fraction of the seconds without DSNG and at cheaper cost.
Many cities have Wi-Fi hotspots everywhere. If the The Concept is to use the cellular network ,which will
uplink is in a Wi-Fi zone, it can be used if not a live aggregate a number of separate cellular modems &
broadcast is to store a clip and forward it via FTP over spread the packetized video data over the different
whatever available internet connection.Many reporters connections. The receiver back at news room assembles
want to edit news material & send back to news room. A all the packets back in to sequence to recover the
good cellular product should support a laptop NLE so compressed video stream The modems can operate with
that reporter can edit the News Story at the spot itself . .different cellular network providers which are available, providing additional diversity. The cellular network can be supplemented with Wi-Fi, Wi-MAX and and BGAN
There are several ways to implement bonded cellular. if they are available, all IP pipes together to available
The simplest way to use of the USB modems ( 3G/4G bandwidth.
dongles ) .However ,just like cellphones ,the RF design of a Dongle is sub-optimal .Small size & styling will compromise the efficiency of the antenna. Using several
Wi-MAX ( worldwide Interoperability for microwave dongles in close proximity will also degrade
Access ) provides access to the internet through a performance so for the best results the antenna must be
wireless metropolitan area network. It is based upon the properly designed .
IEEE 802.16 broadband wireless access standard. The networks uses a cell size of 3 k.m. to 10 k.m. and use the 2.3 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.5 GHz frequency bands. The
3GPP is working on technologies beyond long term Service provides access speed of 1Mb/s to 5 Mb/s per
evolution ( LTE ), including LTE advanced ( LTEA ). user depending upon the connectivity .
BGAN broadband satellite
Store and Forward
Antenna
Wi-MAX
3GPP and acronyms
Cellular Uplinks (Back Pack)Give Broadcasters A New Option
Anila Shah ( Chowdhary )
April'14 - September’14
38 39April'14 - September’14
http://tv.ddchandana.in Not only the above mentioned core team but also every staff member of Doordarshan Kendra has It is not the machine but the men behind it who make contributed his bit in one form or the other in the the difference. Doordarshan is not just a typical successful implementation of Digital Ecosystem. government organisation, but a pool of capable These implementations, have not only resulted in individuals with vast experience and abundant talent, huge financial savings to the organisation but also who given an opportunity and a bit of motivation helped in building a strong in-house software talent would scale to greater heights. The team which to meet future challenges.worked relentlessly under my guidance in the
successful implementation of this digital ecosystem Before concluding, on behalf of Doordarshan Kendra is- Bangalore, I would like to express my sincere thanks
to Doordarshan Directorate and ADG(SZ) for their Ø Niranjan (ADE)
constant encouragement, motivation and financial Ø P M Salil Kumar (SEA) support in our endeavour.
Ø K Santosh Kumar (EA)
Ø N U Krishna Kumar (EA)
Ø N Vivekananda (Technician)
About The Author
Anil Kumar Mangalgi, Deputy Director General (Engg), joined Doordarshan India in 1989 after completing his Bachelors in Electronics and Communication Engineering. He has vast experience in all broadcasting fields. He is an expert in developing low cost indigenous solutions for Newsroom, Production and Transmission automation. He has rich experience in Outdoor Broadcast productions and was Director (Production and Coverage) during Common Wealth Games 2010, New Delhi. He was actively involved in AVN feed exchange migration from analog to digital. He is a recipient of many Doordarshan Awards and presented papers in UNESCO-ITU-ABU Regional workshop on ICT implementation.
He is currently the Chairman of BES (I), Bangalore Chapter and has rich experience in organising many national and international level conferences, seminars and workshops.
In India Broadcasters have always faced the problem of getting the news story, live reports from remote place to the news room as in this fast world the public expect breaking news within seconds. Microwave Links & satellite (DSNG) have been main source of news operation over recent decades, but we know microwaves are limited to clear line of sight back to a receiving point, Satellite can be used anywhere, fiber can be a good option for handy access point . Due to introduction of 3G services & popularity of smart phones , public do capture video clips of the scene on their Phones. Although the camera technique and the Video quality may be poor, the clips of that event have gritty reality & immediacy looks good in a news cast. Introduction of 4G LTE networks give more BGAN is a network operated by Inmarsat. The ground opportunity to send high quality video with higher speed station uses a lap top sized antenna and is popular for available with 4G. The concept of video over-cellular news gathering in remote places where there is no has changed the picture of news casting. So, with cellular coverage. Data rate is limited by 500 Kb/s. It is equipped backpack reporter can reach the spot in a costly than cellular connections.fraction of the seconds without DSNG and at cheaper cost.
Many cities have Wi-Fi hotspots everywhere. If the The Concept is to use the cellular network ,which will
uplink is in a Wi-Fi zone, it can be used if not a live aggregate a number of separate cellular modems &
broadcast is to store a clip and forward it via FTP over spread the packetized video data over the different
whatever available internet connection.Many reporters connections. The receiver back at news room assembles
want to edit news material & send back to news room. A all the packets back in to sequence to recover the
good cellular product should support a laptop NLE so compressed video stream The modems can operate with
that reporter can edit the News Story at the spot itself . .different cellular network providers which are available, providing additional diversity. The cellular network can be supplemented with Wi-Fi, Wi-MAX and and BGAN
There are several ways to implement bonded cellular. if they are available, all IP pipes together to available
The simplest way to use of the USB modems ( 3G/4G bandwidth.
dongles ) .However ,just like cellphones ,the RF design of a Dongle is sub-optimal .Small size & styling will compromise the efficiency of the antenna. Using several
Wi-MAX ( worldwide Interoperability for microwave dongles in close proximity will also degrade
Access ) provides access to the internet through a performance so for the best results the antenna must be
wireless metropolitan area network. It is based upon the properly designed .
IEEE 802.16 broadband wireless access standard. The networks uses a cell size of 3 k.m. to 10 k.m. and use the 2.3 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.5 GHz frequency bands. The
3GPP is working on technologies beyond long term Service provides access speed of 1Mb/s to 5 Mb/s per
evolution ( LTE ), including LTE advanced ( LTEA ). user depending upon the connectivity .
BGAN broadband satellite
Store and Forward
Antenna
Wi-MAX
3GPP and acronyms
Cellular Uplinks (Back Pack)Give Broadcasters A New Option
Anila Shah ( Chowdhary )
April'14 - September’14
38 39April'14 - September’14
40
One big change is to move from circuit switching to SNG or microwave truck. It allows the broadcaster to packet switching with the General Packet Radio cover stories that may not have been possible in the past Services, which has introduced with 2G to carry data for logistic or financial reasons. In a world of 24-hours and UMTS ( Universal Mobile Telecommunications news channels, it gives more fast option to the System), a generic term for 3G technologies. UMTS broadcaster to cover more stories economically in emulates circuit switching for real-time data like voice timelines.& packet switching for general data.
TVU Pack 8100 is a 3G/4G/LTE uplink solution for Release of 6 of 3GPP introduced high speed downlink cameras with SDI & composite connections key packet access ( HSDPA ). Combined with the high speed features:uplink, this give high speed packet access (HSPA).
• Light weight & mobile start in 20 seconds.Release 7 of 3GPP evolved HPSA to HSPA + with faster download speeds typically 20Mb/s. LTE is an • One button start up. Broadcasts live in minutes.intermediate step to 4G. The theoretical Maximum
• simple to operate.upload speed is an LTE network is 170 Mb/s. LTE uses MIMO ( Multiple Receive & Transmit Antennas, to • Stores up to eight hours of Footage on internal hard improve performance. True 4G awaits LTE advanced ( drive & can be remotely browsed.LTE-A ) & promises download up to 3Gb/s & upload to
• Wireless hotspot when connected to internet 1.5Gb/s plus improved spectral efficiency.
enabling video crews to edit stories in the field & LTE ( 4G ) offers lower latency & higher bandwidths send finished story to the broadcast room.than 3G & provides a better carrier for news backhaul.
• Interruptible Feedback ( IFB ) :- TVU pack is ready enabling news operations center to communicate directly with a headphone equipped camera
One of the major advantage of reporter back pack is that operator.
it is very much cheaper than DSNG Van .DSNG van is manned by broadcast engineers, they can set up the • Standard SDI & composite connections.satellite circuits & manage the live broadcast. But the
• IPod wireless monitoring including air card, signal reporter with the back pack is not an engineer, so
strength, battery status.important aspect in the selection of video uplink system is the user interface. The reporter uses it as simple as a • Video input HD/SD-SDI or HDMI component or cell phone. composite.
Cellular bonding whether a backpack adding a second • Audio input-Embedded 2 channel, AES/EBU connection to a cell phone is not a replacement for the digital audio or analog audio.
• Video output- HD/SD-SDI loop thru.
• Supporting data connections- 3G, 4G, LTE, Wi-Fi wi-MAX, BGAN Microwave & Ka-band , Ku-band.
• Storage- 12 hours Continual recording.
• Power Source: Dual hot swappable Gold mount anton Bauer batteries.
TVU's lovers StatMux technology dynamically segments a live video signal and transmits the segments through multiple independent 3G/4G/LTE, Wi-Fi, wi-MAX, Ethernet and satellite connections.
Advantage of Back pack
Proprietary Inverse StatMux Technology
41
Dual Transmission Encoding
Advanced Forward Error Correction ( FEC )
Variable Bit-rate Encoding Technology
High Quality Video Transmission
Live U Back Pack
Unique Benefits
include public safety, mobile surveillance, and border protection, providing law enforcement agencies and
TVU Pack is the original mobiles backpack to offer first responders with an encrypted video uplink to
unique dual transmission encoding. With this feature, significantly improve real-time situational awareness.
users can take advantage of simultaneous live streaming transmission over IP and also HD SSD video recording From backpacks to smart phones, LiveU offers a for future retrieval and transmission. complete range of devices for live video coverage.
LiveU's solutions include multiple 4G LTE / 3G, HSPA +. Wi MAX and Wi-Fi cellular links, which are
TV pack incorporates an advanced FEC algorithm, optimized for maximum video quality based on the protecting against packet loss by efficiently recovering available network conditions. LiveU developed and missing data packets with only minimal amounts of patented the technology for cellular bonding for remote additional repair data, effectively providing reliability news gathering in the US and other countries. All LiveU in data networks. As a result, TV pack delivers low products are based on this fourth-generation patented latency and the flexibility to dynamically send video technology.over multiple paths.
LiveU is a pioneer in portable video-over-cellular technology, addressing all demands for full HD or SD quality, resiliency, availability, mobility and sub-second
With TVU's Variable Bit rate ( VBR ) encoding latency in a highly innovative technological solution.
technology, a camera operator does not need to Our core technology is based on cutting-edge adaptive
manually adjust the bandwidth under changing algorithms which combine cellular communications
conditions. VBR adjusts the bit-rate automatically and and video encoding.
always uses the full available bandwidth to assist in delivering the best possible picture under the given conditions.
LiveU has developed several advanced proprietary algorithms that enable resilient high quality video transmission over the ever-fluctuating multiple cellular
Live U is the leader in portable live video acquisition, networks.
contribution and management solutions. liveU's award winning technology enables live video transmission from any location around the world. With top-tier
• More Content for Less Money: More teams can customers in 60+ countries. LiveU's solutions are used
report from the field without Satellite/ Microwave for breaking news and high-profile events, including
trucks. All it takes is a single reporter and a the Sochi Winter Olympics. FIFA World Cup, US
backpack in the field.Presidential Campaign, London 2012 Olympics Royal
• High Accessibility and Availability: Anyone can Baby, Hurricane Sandy , Super Bowl and US Collegiate transmit at broadcast quality within minutes of Championships. Recent customer applications also turning on the unit, from anywhere.
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
40
One big change is to move from circuit switching to SNG or microwave truck. It allows the broadcaster to packet switching with the General Packet Radio cover stories that may not have been possible in the past Services, which has introduced with 2G to carry data for logistic or financial reasons. In a world of 24-hours and UMTS ( Universal Mobile Telecommunications news channels, it gives more fast option to the System), a generic term for 3G technologies. UMTS broadcaster to cover more stories economically in emulates circuit switching for real-time data like voice timelines.& packet switching for general data.
TVU Pack 8100 is a 3G/4G/LTE uplink solution for Release of 6 of 3GPP introduced high speed downlink cameras with SDI & composite connections key packet access ( HSDPA ). Combined with the high speed features:uplink, this give high speed packet access (HSPA).
• Light weight & mobile start in 20 seconds.Release 7 of 3GPP evolved HPSA to HSPA + with faster download speeds typically 20Mb/s. LTE is an • One button start up. Broadcasts live in minutes.intermediate step to 4G. The theoretical Maximum
• simple to operate.upload speed is an LTE network is 170 Mb/s. LTE uses MIMO ( Multiple Receive & Transmit Antennas, to • Stores up to eight hours of Footage on internal hard improve performance. True 4G awaits LTE advanced ( drive & can be remotely browsed.LTE-A ) & promises download up to 3Gb/s & upload to
• Wireless hotspot when connected to internet 1.5Gb/s plus improved spectral efficiency.
enabling video crews to edit stories in the field & LTE ( 4G ) offers lower latency & higher bandwidths send finished story to the broadcast room.than 3G & provides a better carrier for news backhaul.
• Interruptible Feedback ( IFB ) :- TVU pack is ready enabling news operations center to communicate directly with a headphone equipped camera
One of the major advantage of reporter back pack is that operator.
it is very much cheaper than DSNG Van .DSNG van is manned by broadcast engineers, they can set up the • Standard SDI & composite connections.satellite circuits & manage the live broadcast. But the
• IPod wireless monitoring including air card, signal reporter with the back pack is not an engineer, so
strength, battery status.important aspect in the selection of video uplink system is the user interface. The reporter uses it as simple as a • Video input HD/SD-SDI or HDMI component or cell phone. composite.
Cellular bonding whether a backpack adding a second • Audio input-Embedded 2 channel, AES/EBU connection to a cell phone is not a replacement for the digital audio or analog audio.
• Video output- HD/SD-SDI loop thru.
• Supporting data connections- 3G, 4G, LTE, Wi-Fi wi-MAX, BGAN Microwave & Ka-band , Ku-band.
• Storage- 12 hours Continual recording.
• Power Source: Dual hot swappable Gold mount anton Bauer batteries.
TVU's lovers StatMux technology dynamically segments a live video signal and transmits the segments through multiple independent 3G/4G/LTE, Wi-Fi, wi-MAX, Ethernet and satellite connections.
Advantage of Back pack
Proprietary Inverse StatMux Technology
41
Dual Transmission Encoding
Advanced Forward Error Correction ( FEC )
Variable Bit-rate Encoding Technology
High Quality Video Transmission
Live U Back Pack
Unique Benefits
include public safety, mobile surveillance, and border protection, providing law enforcement agencies and
TVU Pack is the original mobiles backpack to offer first responders with an encrypted video uplink to
unique dual transmission encoding. With this feature, significantly improve real-time situational awareness.
users can take advantage of simultaneous live streaming transmission over IP and also HD SSD video recording From backpacks to smart phones, LiveU offers a for future retrieval and transmission. complete range of devices for live video coverage.
LiveU's solutions include multiple 4G LTE / 3G, HSPA +. Wi MAX and Wi-Fi cellular links, which are
TV pack incorporates an advanced FEC algorithm, optimized for maximum video quality based on the protecting against packet loss by efficiently recovering available network conditions. LiveU developed and missing data packets with only minimal amounts of patented the technology for cellular bonding for remote additional repair data, effectively providing reliability news gathering in the US and other countries. All LiveU in data networks. As a result, TV pack delivers low products are based on this fourth-generation patented latency and the flexibility to dynamically send video technology.over multiple paths.
LiveU is a pioneer in portable video-over-cellular technology, addressing all demands for full HD or SD quality, resiliency, availability, mobility and sub-second
With TVU's Variable Bit rate ( VBR ) encoding latency in a highly innovative technological solution.
technology, a camera operator does not need to Our core technology is based on cutting-edge adaptive
manually adjust the bandwidth under changing algorithms which combine cellular communications
conditions. VBR adjusts the bit-rate automatically and and video encoding.
always uses the full available bandwidth to assist in delivering the best possible picture under the given conditions.
LiveU has developed several advanced proprietary algorithms that enable resilient high quality video transmission over the ever-fluctuating multiple cellular
Live U is the leader in portable live video acquisition, networks.
contribution and management solutions. liveU's award winning technology enables live video transmission from any location around the world. With top-tier
• More Content for Less Money: More teams can customers in 60+ countries. LiveU's solutions are used
report from the field without Satellite/ Microwave for breaking news and high-profile events, including
trucks. All it takes is a single reporter and a the Sochi Winter Olympics. FIFA World Cup, US
backpack in the field.Presidential Campaign, London 2012 Olympics Royal
• High Accessibility and Availability: Anyone can Baby, Hurricane Sandy , Super Bowl and US Collegiate transmit at broadcast quality within minutes of Championships. Recent customer applications also turning on the unit, from anywhere.
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
42
• Portable and Simple Operation: LiveU's portable WiMAX networks, Wi-Fi, Ethernet and BGAN backpack carries a fully integrated, easy to operate satelliteunit. • Fully Integrated Unit: Everything is included in one
• Easy Integration: LiveU is easily integrated into the compact and easy-to-use devicecontemporary digital workflow. • Full HD Video: From CIF up to 1080 High-
• Comprehensive service: LiveU takes care of the Definitionentire transmission package: testing modems, • Any Video Camera: Interfaces to SDI, HDMI, DV selecting SIM packages, nullifying cellular or analog A/V inputoperators' billing issues, worldwide roaming • Operational Modes: Optimized for specific support, and more. scenarios such as Interview (sub-second latency),
File Transfer and more
Including:
• Multi-Channel Aggregation: Bonds up to 14 modems over any and all 3G/4G LTE cellular,
Features & Capabilities
About The Author
Ms Anila Shah (Chowdhary) is Assistant Engineer in DDK Srinagar (J&K) . She is Working in this Department since 1985 .She received Master degree in Electronics from School of Sciences ,Gujarat University. She has done B.C.J.P ( Bachelor Degree of Communications ,Journalism and Public Relations ) from School of Languages and L.L.B (Taxation ).She received Annual DD Award 2009 for Technical Direction in Music category for New Year programme at DDK Ahmedabad .She worked in commonwealth games 2010 as a shift in charge of E.N.G .She is honorary visiting faculty of many Engineering and Journalism College in Gujarat. She is also Council Member of BES(I)
BES REVIEW, being the only journal in India totally dedicated to Broadcasting, invites
advertisement for publication from the industries serving the broadcast media. The charges are as
given below :
1. Back Cover Colour Rs. 15000/- per issue
2. Inside Back/Front Covers Colour Rs. 12,000/- per issue
3. Inside full page Colour Rs. 11,000/- per issue
The charges are for only one issue and the advertiser(s) must send positive of the advertisements along
with requisit fee by Cheque/D.D. drawn in favour of Broadcast Engineering Society (India), payable at
New Delhi to Hon. Secretary, 912, Surya Kiran
Building, 19, K.G. Marg, New Delhi-110001
Broadcast Engineering Society (India)
Advertisement Rates
April'14 - September’14
STB Industry in India at a glance
Trends in the industry
The increase in TV homes combined with regulatory push on mandatory digitization of TV content delivery has further boosted the growth of Set Top Boxes (STBs) exponentially. Also with the introduction of High Definition (HD) channels and Smart TVs has led to an increase in digital TV viewing combined with digital picture quality, digital sound, and availability of more
Digitalization is the preordained path forward, to channels both SD and HD, Video on demand and Digital achieve better quality viewing and transparency in video recording (DVR) have helped in increasing the revenue earning and sharing among all the stake holders demand Set Top Boxes (STBs).like broadcasters, MSO and LCO. Digitalization is
With the increasing number of Television households in expected to bring addressability into the system, greater India there is a great potential for Set Top Box industry viewing experience and value added services (VAS) in India.The demands of the STB's were mostly catered which in effect would have a positive bearing on the by foreign manufacturers. There are few Indian STB ARPU. India has the lowest ARPU today in the world. manufacturing companies which are already producing
Developed markets in the world have an average of the STB's to meet the demands of Indian subscribers, but above 60% of Pay TV penetration whereas in emerging at the same time, they are faced with certain issues markets it is around 30%. Free to Air operators, who rely which need to be addressed.totally on advertisement revenue, take the lead, in
A Frost & Sullivan study estimates that the STB industry emerging markets. The subscription revenue streams has a healthy CAGR of 29.3 percent.Frost & Sullivan are so lucrative in many developed markets. Low also quote - "Cumulative demand of over 100 million incomes make high prices for pay TV unaffordable for STBs between 2013 and 2015 highlights the immense most in emerging markets. A free or low-cost alternative potential this market has. This huge domestic demand such as pirated content discourages acceptance even indicates the need for increased indigenous further. Limited network capabilities like analog manufacturing as currently the local production caters transmissions and a lack of engaging content across to only 30 percent of the demand." emerging markets are the main reasons for the limited
revenue opportunity to date.As India moves ahead with its commitment towards cable TV digitization, there is a huge potential for Set The best way that emerging-market pay TV operators Top Box segment can improve revenue is by adding video on demand
(VoD). Furthermore, providing content anytime and increasingly anywhere can draw customers away from free platforms that lack such functionality. Also there are many business models to build incremental revenue streams with pay-per-view, NVoD, push VoD, à-la-carte, movies on demand, DVR and time-shifted TV, subscription VoD, free VoD, true VoD , interactive VoD and many more. All the new emerging business models can be delivered once we make the network completely digital and deploy STB's.
V.Guru Prasad
Make in India-Digital Set Top Box (STB)
43April'14 - September’14
42
• Portable and Simple Operation: LiveU's portable WiMAX networks, Wi-Fi, Ethernet and BGAN backpack carries a fully integrated, easy to operate satelliteunit. • Fully Integrated Unit: Everything is included in one
• Easy Integration: LiveU is easily integrated into the compact and easy-to-use devicecontemporary digital workflow. • Full HD Video: From CIF up to 1080 High-
• Comprehensive service: LiveU takes care of the Definitionentire transmission package: testing modems, • Any Video Camera: Interfaces to SDI, HDMI, DV selecting SIM packages, nullifying cellular or analog A/V inputoperators' billing issues, worldwide roaming • Operational Modes: Optimized for specific support, and more. scenarios such as Interview (sub-second latency),
File Transfer and more
Including:
• Multi-Channel Aggregation: Bonds up to 14 modems over any and all 3G/4G LTE cellular,
Features & Capabilities
About The Author
Ms Anila Shah (Chowdhary) is Assistant Engineer in DDK Srinagar (J&K) . She is Working in this Department since 1985 .She received Master degree in Electronics from School of Sciences ,Gujarat University. She has done B.C.J.P ( Bachelor Degree of Communications ,Journalism and Public Relations ) from School of Languages and L.L.B (Taxation ).She received Annual DD Award 2009 for Technical Direction in Music category for New Year programme at DDK Ahmedabad .She worked in commonwealth games 2010 as a shift in charge of E.N.G .She is honorary visiting faculty of many Engineering and Journalism College in Gujarat. She is also Council Member of BES(I)
BES REVIEW, being the only journal in India totally dedicated to Broadcasting, invites
advertisement for publication from the industries serving the broadcast media. The charges are as
given below :
1. Back Cover Colour Rs. 15000/- per issue
2. Inside Back/Front Covers Colour Rs. 12,000/- per issue
3. Inside full page Colour Rs. 11,000/- per issue
The charges are for only one issue and the advertiser(s) must send positive of the advertisements along
with requisit fee by Cheque/D.D. drawn in favour of Broadcast Engineering Society (India), payable at
New Delhi to Hon. Secretary, 912, Surya Kiran
Building, 19, K.G. Marg, New Delhi-110001
Broadcast Engineering Society (India)
Advertisement Rates
April'14 - September’14
STB Industry in India at a glance
Trends in the industry
The increase in TV homes combined with regulatory push on mandatory digitization of TV content delivery has further boosted the growth of Set Top Boxes (STBs) exponentially. Also with the introduction of High Definition (HD) channels and Smart TVs has led to an increase in digital TV viewing combined with digital picture quality, digital sound, and availability of more
Digitalization is the preordained path forward, to channels both SD and HD, Video on demand and Digital achieve better quality viewing and transparency in video recording (DVR) have helped in increasing the revenue earning and sharing among all the stake holders demand Set Top Boxes (STBs).like broadcasters, MSO and LCO. Digitalization is
With the increasing number of Television households in expected to bring addressability into the system, greater India there is a great potential for Set Top Box industry viewing experience and value added services (VAS) in India.The demands of the STB's were mostly catered which in effect would have a positive bearing on the by foreign manufacturers. There are few Indian STB ARPU. India has the lowest ARPU today in the world. manufacturing companies which are already producing
Developed markets in the world have an average of the STB's to meet the demands of Indian subscribers, but above 60% of Pay TV penetration whereas in emerging at the same time, they are faced with certain issues markets it is around 30%. Free to Air operators, who rely which need to be addressed.totally on advertisement revenue, take the lead, in
A Frost & Sullivan study estimates that the STB industry emerging markets. The subscription revenue streams has a healthy CAGR of 29.3 percent.Frost & Sullivan are so lucrative in many developed markets. Low also quote - "Cumulative demand of over 100 million incomes make high prices for pay TV unaffordable for STBs between 2013 and 2015 highlights the immense most in emerging markets. A free or low-cost alternative potential this market has. This huge domestic demand such as pirated content discourages acceptance even indicates the need for increased indigenous further. Limited network capabilities like analog manufacturing as currently the local production caters transmissions and a lack of engaging content across to only 30 percent of the demand." emerging markets are the main reasons for the limited
revenue opportunity to date.As India moves ahead with its commitment towards cable TV digitization, there is a huge potential for Set The best way that emerging-market pay TV operators Top Box segment can improve revenue is by adding video on demand
(VoD). Furthermore, providing content anytime and increasingly anywhere can draw customers away from free platforms that lack such functionality. Also there are many business models to build incremental revenue streams with pay-per-view, NVoD, push VoD, à-la-carte, movies on demand, DVR and time-shifted TV, subscription VoD, free VoD, true VoD , interactive VoD and many more. All the new emerging business models can be delivered once we make the network completely digital and deploy STB's.
V.Guru Prasad
Make in India-Digital Set Top Box (STB)
43April'14 - September’14
Factors affecting growth, Issues & Challenges
Government Init iat ives to boost Indian manufacturing. – Make in India.
Technical and operational challenges:
conditional access software companies provide the head end software and smart cards for the Set top boxes. In
To provide level playing field to Indian manufacturers, some variants of the STB's the smart cards are replaced the government should address the VAT issues “There by solutions embedded inside the chipsets. These are few concerns on the VAT which was to be addressed solutions are called soft CAS.under GST. In domestic manufacturing, there is a VAT component which is approx. 12 to 14% across states whereas in terms of STB import, its equivalent component is SAD (special additional duty) of 4%.. VAT creates huge difference as importing STBs is much cheaper than manufacturing them here.
Another problem is the foreign manufacturer provides low interest rate finance models to Indian operators as they have support from their respective governments to promote exports whereas the finance costs within India make the project highly unviable. Indian manufacturers are capable of producing low cost, best quality products but because of costlier finance, this becomes more tough The Set Top Box manufacturers before manufacturing and challenging. must get the box certified by the CAS companies. In
order to get the certification, the STB vendors must full It is hostile taxation which is holding Indian fill the technical criteria on software security and pay manufacturers back. If this hurdle is removed, Indian huge fees to the CAS companies. Apart from this, in operators will find it more convenient to take the STBs many cases the STB vendor also has to pay a license fees from local manufacturers. STBs require 24×7 technical to the CAS Company for each STB manufactured.support and in case of snags, no foreign manufacturer can provide support whereas domestic manufacturers So the Indian STB vendor is at the mercy of CAS can provide. companies to get their STB's certified.
Domestic Ecosystem has to be encouraged not only for Government's may mandate the foreign CAS vendors to Set Top Box but in general for overall electronics license minimum 5 big and 5 small Indian STB manufacturing. The ecosystem consists of manufacture companies at subsided costs. Penalties may be imposed of all types of components, plastic molds, rubber parts, for those who don't comply. This will help the Indian mechanical components etc., there should be electronics STB vendors to get the license to manufacture and manufacturing zones which houses all the facilities access to these big companies. Government may also required for electronics manufacturing. In a positive look at cheap Chinese CAS companies which are being response I&B Minister Prakash Javadekar had said that deployed by small Indian MSO's. Even broadcasters are the Ministry will take steps to solve problems of local also providing content to those MSO's who are using manufacturers including those relating to taxation. cheap CAS software. These CAS companies don't have
contingency plans in case of being hacked. MSO's On the industry front, the DTH industry and cable should be very careful in deploying certain fly by night operators are plagued by huge operational challenges. CAS companies.This is due to the multiple taxes such as service tax, entertainment tax, license fee, and VAT that the industry is compelled to part with.
To take the digitization drive forward, Union Information & Broadcasting Minister Shri.Prakash
Majority of the content delivery platforms (DTH and Javadekar has asked suggestions from Indian MSO) are mostly using conditional access systems from manufacturers to produce Set Top Boxes (STBs) in the Europe and US. Very few small MSO's are using country. The third phase of digitization is going to start conditional access systems from China. These from April 2015 and it is believed that the total STB
market is estimated to be of 110 million with about influences margins when the cable operator is buying in 33million STBs already installed in the first two phases bulk. Shri.Javadekar also met representatives from of digitization. The Minister's move to open an DTH operators, STB manufacturers and officials from opportunity for domestic manufacturers appears to be a the Ministries of finance, commerce, telecom, good indication as it will generate more opportunities Department of Electronics and IT, MSME, commerce for India's employees as well as save foreign exchange and TRAI on July 24 to address two-fold which flows outwards to import STBs from abroad. concerns—VAT/CST and long term financing. Shri
Javedekar has articulated eagerness in support Shri.Javadekar also chaired a meeting where a decision domestic industry and employment opportunities.was taken to declare STBs as ``telecom network equipment.' ' This would enable homegrown Efforts underway by empowered committees such as manufacturing sector to avail the benefit of tax t he Core Advisory Group for R&D in Electronics exemptions available to other telecom equipment Hardware, CAREL to define specifications for bringing down VAT from 12%-14% to 4%. This would indigenous STB and STB System-on-chip (SoC) are help local industrialists to provide competitive prices to expected to culminate in Make in India/ Make for India consumers as against imported STBs. While the price STBs in the near future. In addition to the financial difference between the imported STB and a domestic incentives government should also provide operational one may be between Rs 100-125 ,it considerably and regulatory support for the STB vendors.
About The Author
Sh. V. Guru Prasad is Technical Head GTPL Hathway PVt Ltd, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. A Post Graduate in Electronics, Sh. Guru Prasad has a rich Industry experience and has worked in various sectors of broadcasting earlier. Sh. V. Guru Prasad is a Life Fellow of Broadcast Engineering Society(India)
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
44 45
Factors affecting growth, Issues & Challenges
Government Init iat ives to boost Indian manufacturing. – Make in India.
Technical and operational challenges:
conditional access software companies provide the head end software and smart cards for the Set top boxes. In
To provide level playing field to Indian manufacturers, some variants of the STB's the smart cards are replaced the government should address the VAT issues “There by solutions embedded inside the chipsets. These are few concerns on the VAT which was to be addressed solutions are called soft CAS.under GST. In domestic manufacturing, there is a VAT component which is approx. 12 to 14% across states whereas in terms of STB import, its equivalent component is SAD (special additional duty) of 4%.. VAT creates huge difference as importing STBs is much cheaper than manufacturing them here.
Another problem is the foreign manufacturer provides low interest rate finance models to Indian operators as they have support from their respective governments to promote exports whereas the finance costs within India make the project highly unviable. Indian manufacturers are capable of producing low cost, best quality products but because of costlier finance, this becomes more tough The Set Top Box manufacturers before manufacturing and challenging. must get the box certified by the CAS companies. In
order to get the certification, the STB vendors must full It is hostile taxation which is holding Indian fill the technical criteria on software security and pay manufacturers back. If this hurdle is removed, Indian huge fees to the CAS companies. Apart from this, in operators will find it more convenient to take the STBs many cases the STB vendor also has to pay a license fees from local manufacturers. STBs require 24×7 technical to the CAS Company for each STB manufactured.support and in case of snags, no foreign manufacturer can provide support whereas domestic manufacturers So the Indian STB vendor is at the mercy of CAS can provide. companies to get their STB's certified.
Domestic Ecosystem has to be encouraged not only for Government's may mandate the foreign CAS vendors to Set Top Box but in general for overall electronics license minimum 5 big and 5 small Indian STB manufacturing. The ecosystem consists of manufacture companies at subsided costs. Penalties may be imposed of all types of components, plastic molds, rubber parts, for those who don't comply. This will help the Indian mechanical components etc., there should be electronics STB vendors to get the license to manufacture and manufacturing zones which houses all the facilities access to these big companies. Government may also required for electronics manufacturing. In a positive look at cheap Chinese CAS companies which are being response I&B Minister Prakash Javadekar had said that deployed by small Indian MSO's. Even broadcasters are the Ministry will take steps to solve problems of local also providing content to those MSO's who are using manufacturers including those relating to taxation. cheap CAS software. These CAS companies don't have
contingency plans in case of being hacked. MSO's On the industry front, the DTH industry and cable should be very careful in deploying certain fly by night operators are plagued by huge operational challenges. CAS companies.This is due to the multiple taxes such as service tax, entertainment tax, license fee, and VAT that the industry is compelled to part with.
To take the digitization drive forward, Union Information & Broadcasting Minister Shri.Prakash
Majority of the content delivery platforms (DTH and Javadekar has asked suggestions from Indian MSO) are mostly using conditional access systems from manufacturers to produce Set Top Boxes (STBs) in the Europe and US. Very few small MSO's are using country. The third phase of digitization is going to start conditional access systems from China. These from April 2015 and it is believed that the total STB
market is estimated to be of 110 million with about influences margins when the cable operator is buying in 33million STBs already installed in the first two phases bulk. Shri.Javadekar also met representatives from of digitization. The Minister's move to open an DTH operators, STB manufacturers and officials from opportunity for domestic manufacturers appears to be a the Ministries of finance, commerce, telecom, good indication as it will generate more opportunities Department of Electronics and IT, MSME, commerce for India's employees as well as save foreign exchange and TRAI on July 24 to address two-fold which flows outwards to import STBs from abroad. concerns—VAT/CST and long term financing. Shri
Javedekar has articulated eagerness in support Shri.Javadekar also chaired a meeting where a decision domestic industry and employment opportunities.was taken to declare STBs as ``telecom network equipment.' ' This would enable homegrown Efforts underway by empowered committees such as manufacturing sector to avail the benefit of tax t he Core Advisory Group for R&D in Electronics exemptions available to other telecom equipment Hardware, CAREL to define specifications for bringing down VAT from 12%-14% to 4%. This would indigenous STB and STB System-on-chip (SoC) are help local industrialists to provide competitive prices to expected to culminate in Make in India/ Make for India consumers as against imported STBs. While the price STBs in the near future. In addition to the financial difference between the imported STB and a domestic incentives government should also provide operational one may be between Rs 100-125 ,it considerably and regulatory support for the STB vendors.
About The Author
Sh. V. Guru Prasad is Technical Head GTPL Hathway PVt Ltd, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. A Post Graduate in Electronics, Sh. Guru Prasad has a rich Industry experience and has worked in various sectors of broadcasting earlier. Sh. V. Guru Prasad is a Life Fellow of Broadcast Engineering Society(India)
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
44 45
Introduction:
Experiences:
In early hours (about 01:30 Hrs) all staff members from ground floor of hostel complex were asked to shift to
This article describes my experiences in Doordarshan higher floor due to clue from CRPF. Our mess staff was
Kendra, Srinagar during unprecedented flood in also asked to shift ration material and kitchen material to
Srinagar city. During 02 September 2014 to 06 third floor for safety of personnel and material.
September 2014 Kashmir valley had experienced continuous (day and night) rain fall throughout the “DD Kashir” Satellite Service was again started at 07:00 valley region on all hills in upper catchment area of river Hrs on 07 Sept 2014 from OB van and DSNG van. Jhelum. Due to this unprecedented rail fall Srinagar and Power supply went off in hostel complex after some other parts of Kashmir valley was flooded. It has caused time. No rain was there throughout day and night. But widespread damages to life and property. Particularly water level in the studio complex was further increased damages to property and life saving installations and life due to rise in river level. No local staff members could support services were badly affected. Ground floor report to office due to water logging and flooding of Doordarshan Kendra, Srinagar and staff hostel was also houses in various parts of Srinagar. submerged during the flood, as it is situated on the bank
On inspection of Jhelum river bund (at about 0900 Hrs) of river Jhelum. But the transmitters were not affected as
it was observed that river water has started over flowing all three transmitters are situated on Shankaracharya hill
from the river bund. There were some holes in river in Srinagar.
bund due to water pressure. Water was also coming from the bottom of the river bund like spring water due to holes created by animals like rats etc. Anticipating that
The event started with short circuit in trenches of earth river may flood the Doordarshan's studio complex by
station room in morning hours due to water seepage widening these cracks any time up linking was stopped
from ground. Later Power supply was switched off due by giving caption that “Flood Water has entered DDK
to water in AVR room and DG room. After Earth Station Srinagar Campus So DD Kashir is going Off Air”.
was shut down, One VCR was sent to Transmitter and Terrestrial transmission was restored from After stopping of service OB van, DG set van, DSNG Shankaracharya hill. In the mean time DSNG was deployed and “DD Kashir” Satellite Service was started from DSNG Van with one VCR in DSNG Van itself and as Power supply was shut down for entire Earth Station Area as soon as shorting was detected Subsequent News bulletin of 13:00 Hrs. and 15:00 Hrs. were given from ENG Room and ENG camera to directly DSNG Van.
After some time “DD Kashir” Satellite Service was shifted to OB van and Transportable DG van through DSNG van. Next News bulletins were also given live from studio 2, OB camera and ENG lighting kit by Overhead Cable arrangements. Water pump was also procured from market in emergency and deployed to lift water from studio complex by taking power from hostel complex.
J M Kharche
Experiences during floodin DDK Srinagar
van was shifted with limited staff from Studio complex to Transmitter complex on Shankaracharya hills for safety and prevention from damages due to flooding.
OB van, DG set van and DSNG van could not go upto transmitter complex due to land sliding on Shakaracharyahill road. Hence these were parked and deployed on Shankaracharya hill road at some distance above Nehru Park Barrier of CRPF. Subsequent News Bulletins were given from the Shankaracharya hill Road where OB van, DG set van and DSNG vans were parked. Up linking was carried out from OB Van & DSNG Van from about 11:00 Hrs to 22:00 Hrs. News Bulletins were given from “On the Road arrangement”
At transmitter complex infrastructure was available for only 4 to 5 staff members but more than 30 staff members were accommodated. Due to this many staff
Mr Mukesh Sevaria, Dy Commandant (CRPF) and Mrs members were forced to take rest in the night in OB van Rigzen Angmo, AC (CRPF) along with their jawans had and other escort vehicle itself.extended help in making of hole in outer walls to for
OLD DSNG mounted on old EFP van could not go up to water discharge from Studio complex and of placement Shankaracharya hills due to poor braking system hence of sand bags on gate at right time. parked near AIR / TRC complex at a place somewhat
As all Mess staff members (cooks) of contactor left higher level than DDK Srinagar Complex. After this hostel complex one meal was prepared by our own staff some of the staff (about 20) from the Hostel was sent members. After that CRPF has agreed to provide meals through office cars/ vehicles along with Ration Material to DD staff also in hostel complex on payment of Rs. to Transmitter Complex at Shankaracharya Hills.50/- per person per day as per their standard practice.
After Equipment Vans, Office cars and almost half of the Shri Jaswant singh, AE; Shri Neeraj Goyal, AE; Shri M Hostel Staff were shifted to Transmitter complex, water K Sharma, AE; Shri H R Meena, AE; Shri Tarun Saxena, had started coming heavily from Jhelum River. With the AE; Vivek Katiyar, AE, Shri Tara Chandra, AE; has help of available staff loose equipment like Camera shown exemplary courage and coordination with other Heads, Camera Lenses of both the studios and Stand by fellow staff members in shifting of van and other Video Switcher of Studio 2 (SONY MFS 2000) were equipments to safe place in spite of gushing and rising shifted to PCR 1, situated on 1st Floor. Later ENG water levels in short period of time. Similarly Shri LM Cameras were also shifted from ENG Room to PCR 1 Sayyad, AE; Sri Jaswant Singh, AE; Shri Neeraj Goyal, for safety and prevention from damages due to flooding. AE; Shri M K Sharma, AE; has shown outstanding
In the meantime Ground Floor of the Hostel was vacated performance against all odds in keeping close Stand all material of ground floor rooms were shifted to 1 coordination among all staff members in Transmitter
ndFloor and 2 floor. By Evening water stated gushing in complex and operated satellite service in this difficult from all sides towards Hostel complex, with limited time.staff available Store room on the Ground floor was
To sustain long period of captivity due to flooding (just visited and all possible efforts were made to save stores St in case) all members were briefed to observe by material, Boxes of blank Video Tapes were taken to 1
following precautions:Floor, Video Monitors etc. were also kept at max. possible height within the store. 1. Store safe drinking water in bottles, jugs, utensils etc
to the extent it is possible to store.After some time landline and mobile communication services were stopped due to longer power failure on 07 2. Use small cups to drink limited water per day to Sept 2014. conserve drinking water so that it can last long. Earth Station PDA Area (at the end of water rise)
Main Gate of DDK Srinagar (at the end of water rise)
April'14 - September’14
46 47April'14 - September’14
Introduction:
Experiences:
In early hours (about 01:30 Hrs) all staff members from ground floor of hostel complex were asked to shift to
This article describes my experiences in Doordarshan higher floor due to clue from CRPF. Our mess staff was
Kendra, Srinagar during unprecedented flood in also asked to shift ration material and kitchen material to
Srinagar city. During 02 September 2014 to 06 third floor for safety of personnel and material.
September 2014 Kashmir valley had experienced continuous (day and night) rain fall throughout the “DD Kashir” Satellite Service was again started at 07:00 valley region on all hills in upper catchment area of river Hrs on 07 Sept 2014 from OB van and DSNG van. Jhelum. Due to this unprecedented rail fall Srinagar and Power supply went off in hostel complex after some other parts of Kashmir valley was flooded. It has caused time. No rain was there throughout day and night. But widespread damages to life and property. Particularly water level in the studio complex was further increased damages to property and life saving installations and life due to rise in river level. No local staff members could support services were badly affected. Ground floor report to office due to water logging and flooding of Doordarshan Kendra, Srinagar and staff hostel was also houses in various parts of Srinagar. submerged during the flood, as it is situated on the bank
On inspection of Jhelum river bund (at about 0900 Hrs) of river Jhelum. But the transmitters were not affected as
it was observed that river water has started over flowing all three transmitters are situated on Shankaracharya hill
from the river bund. There were some holes in river in Srinagar.
bund due to water pressure. Water was also coming from the bottom of the river bund like spring water due to holes created by animals like rats etc. Anticipating that
The event started with short circuit in trenches of earth river may flood the Doordarshan's studio complex by
station room in morning hours due to water seepage widening these cracks any time up linking was stopped
from ground. Later Power supply was switched off due by giving caption that “Flood Water has entered DDK
to water in AVR room and DG room. After Earth Station Srinagar Campus So DD Kashir is going Off Air”.
was shut down, One VCR was sent to Transmitter and Terrestrial transmission was restored from After stopping of service OB van, DG set van, DSNG Shankaracharya hill. In the mean time DSNG was deployed and “DD Kashir” Satellite Service was started from DSNG Van with one VCR in DSNG Van itself and as Power supply was shut down for entire Earth Station Area as soon as shorting was detected Subsequent News bulletin of 13:00 Hrs. and 15:00 Hrs. were given from ENG Room and ENG camera to directly DSNG Van.
After some time “DD Kashir” Satellite Service was shifted to OB van and Transportable DG van through DSNG van. Next News bulletins were also given live from studio 2, OB camera and ENG lighting kit by Overhead Cable arrangements. Water pump was also procured from market in emergency and deployed to lift water from studio complex by taking power from hostel complex.
J M Kharche
Experiences during floodin DDK Srinagar
van was shifted with limited staff from Studio complex to Transmitter complex on Shankaracharya hills for safety and prevention from damages due to flooding.
OB van, DG set van and DSNG van could not go upto transmitter complex due to land sliding on Shakaracharyahill road. Hence these were parked and deployed on Shankaracharya hill road at some distance above Nehru Park Barrier of CRPF. Subsequent News Bulletins were given from the Shankaracharya hill Road where OB van, DG set van and DSNG vans were parked. Up linking was carried out from OB Van & DSNG Van from about 11:00 Hrs to 22:00 Hrs. News Bulletins were given from “On the Road arrangement”
At transmitter complex infrastructure was available for only 4 to 5 staff members but more than 30 staff members were accommodated. Due to this many staff
Mr Mukesh Sevaria, Dy Commandant (CRPF) and Mrs members were forced to take rest in the night in OB van Rigzen Angmo, AC (CRPF) along with their jawans had and other escort vehicle itself.extended help in making of hole in outer walls to for
OLD DSNG mounted on old EFP van could not go up to water discharge from Studio complex and of placement Shankaracharya hills due to poor braking system hence of sand bags on gate at right time. parked near AIR / TRC complex at a place somewhat
As all Mess staff members (cooks) of contactor left higher level than DDK Srinagar Complex. After this hostel complex one meal was prepared by our own staff some of the staff (about 20) from the Hostel was sent members. After that CRPF has agreed to provide meals through office cars/ vehicles along with Ration Material to DD staff also in hostel complex on payment of Rs. to Transmitter Complex at Shankaracharya Hills.50/- per person per day as per their standard practice.
After Equipment Vans, Office cars and almost half of the Shri Jaswant singh, AE; Shri Neeraj Goyal, AE; Shri M Hostel Staff were shifted to Transmitter complex, water K Sharma, AE; Shri H R Meena, AE; Shri Tarun Saxena, had started coming heavily from Jhelum River. With the AE; Vivek Katiyar, AE, Shri Tara Chandra, AE; has help of available staff loose equipment like Camera shown exemplary courage and coordination with other Heads, Camera Lenses of both the studios and Stand by fellow staff members in shifting of van and other Video Switcher of Studio 2 (SONY MFS 2000) were equipments to safe place in spite of gushing and rising shifted to PCR 1, situated on 1st Floor. Later ENG water levels in short period of time. Similarly Shri LM Cameras were also shifted from ENG Room to PCR 1 Sayyad, AE; Sri Jaswant Singh, AE; Shri Neeraj Goyal, for safety and prevention from damages due to flooding. AE; Shri M K Sharma, AE; has shown outstanding
In the meantime Ground Floor of the Hostel was vacated performance against all odds in keeping close Stand all material of ground floor rooms were shifted to 1 coordination among all staff members in Transmitter
ndFloor and 2 floor. By Evening water stated gushing in complex and operated satellite service in this difficult from all sides towards Hostel complex, with limited time.staff available Store room on the Ground floor was
To sustain long period of captivity due to flooding (just visited and all possible efforts were made to save stores St in case) all members were briefed to observe by material, Boxes of blank Video Tapes were taken to 1
following precautions:Floor, Video Monitors etc. were also kept at max. possible height within the store. 1. Store safe drinking water in bottles, jugs, utensils etc
to the extent it is possible to store.After some time landline and mobile communication services were stopped due to longer power failure on 07 2. Use small cups to drink limited water per day to Sept 2014. conserve drinking water so that it can last long. Earth Station PDA Area (at the end of water rise)
Main Gate of DDK Srinagar (at the end of water rise)
April'14 - September’14
46 47April'14 - September’14
3. Use newspaper to wipe dish /plate after eating food On 09 Sept 2014 there was no rain throughout day and and then wash it with a little water. night. Water level in the studio and hostel complex was
further decreased by approximately 1 foot due decrease 4. Eat only limited small breakfast and one limited
in river level. Up linking was continued to be carried out meal a day.
from OB Van & DSNG Van from about 07:00 Hrs. to 5. Reduce quantity of regular dosage of medicines / 22:00 Hrs. News Bulletins were given from “On the
tablets if there is less stock to avoid total stoppage in Road arrangement”. the event of prolonged captivity.
In the night of 09.09.14 OB Van and DSNG Van were 6. Not to brush or use minimum water for mouth wash attacked by agitated mob at round 22:30 Hrs. our staff
to conserve potable water. members taking rest in vans could save their life by hiding in nearby make shift CRPF tents. Once the mob
7. Stop usage of flush and use river water through was dispersed, our own staff members worked in mid
bucket for flushing in toilets.night and cleared hill road for the movement of DSNG
8. To stay united and boost morale of our fellow van, OB van and DG Vans up to HPT complex. After that members in this situation of difficult time. vehicles (OB, DSNG & DG vans) were shifted to
transmitter complex in the night at around 01:30 Hrs. for On 08 Sept 2014, there was no rain throughout day and
safety because by that time hill road was cleared.night. But water level in the studio and hostel complex was further increased due rise in river level. By 02:30 “DD Kashir” was started from DDK Delhi through Hrs water level further increased in ground floor of MCPC earth station and taken on DTH platform so that hostel, approx. more than 8 feet above floor level. DSNG can be used for sending feed only.
Water level started receding in ground floor of hostel on On 10 Sept 2014 also there was no rain throughout day 08 Sept 2014 after 17:00 Hrs. Due to no power supply in and night. Water level in the studio and hostel complex
the full Srinagar city was further decreased due to further decrease in river and possible shortage level. Some staff members have started feeling o f d i e s e l d u e t o uncomfortable due to continuous captivity. All were blockage of Jammu- waiting for evacuation as soon as possible. Mobile S r inaga r h ighway service was restored by BSNL in limited way but Transmitter staff was connectivity was poor and unreliable. Connectivity was asked to conserve possible from only one place in hostel (top floor in diesel (scarce resource staircase) and HPT (near mess room) complexes. But it which will be required was required to try repeatedly to get connection for pumping of water, established. Even though contact could be established to bringing potable water Delhi numbers with repeated attempts it was not u p t o t r a n s m i t t e r possible to get connected with local numbers at all.complex longer DSNG
Again on 11 Sept 2014 Shri Y K Singh, DDG (HQ) and + OB operation and
Shri Naidu, DDG (Security) visited Transmitter restoration of services
complex. These food items were too little for the at a later date), through
survival of approx 35 members from DD, AIR and CRPF wireless, by
CCW. stoppage of transmitter and its DG set (which Mr Jaswant Singh, AE, Mr Bakshish Singh and Mr L M consume more diesel Sayyad, AE came to Hostel complex on foot by trekking per day while there is hill and through 4 to 5 feet deep water in and around no body to see in city DDK Srinagar complex. After discussions with these because of No power officers Mr J M Kharche, DDG(E), H R Meena, AE and supply) and reduction Mr Naveen, Cameraman had a visit to Transmitter in DSNG + OB van complex on foot by walking through Thigh deep water operation. and trekking hill to take first hand information and
review of situation. managed by our Assistant Engineers and other While visi t ing by subordinate staff available at Transmitter complex. trekking on hill, it was Even services of casual Driver were taken for reporting seen that the Srinagar purposes.city is deluged due to
Some of our staff members at transmitter complex were wide spread flooding
in the need of human insulin injections, Diabetic and it is likely to take
medicines, BP medicines but these could not be more time for normalcy
arranged in spite of our repeated requests to News in city life. After
Correspondent came from Delhi / Delhi office / CRPF visiting the transmitter
which has forced to evacuate such personnel at the c o m p l e x o n
earliest for saving their life.Shakarcharya hill and discussion with Shri N A Khan, E-in-C and
08 Sept 2014 at 0130 Hrs When river bund was severely Shri O K Sharma,
damaged and due to gushing water back side gate was ADG(E) a l l s t a f f
opened with a bang noise. Later we could see a big DG members were asked to
set was thrown out of CRPF office on to road due to that be ready for evacuation
force of water.on 12 Sept 2014 (in the morning).
On 12 Sept 2014 at DD staff at HPT, shankarachrya hill had extended about 06:30 Hrs all extraordinary cooperation to AIR and CCW staff Doordarshan s taff member in providing food, bedding and drinking water members, who were when they reached after a long captivity in TRC. shifted from hostel to
Also DD staff has provided diesel for the DG set for FM transmitter complex,
transmitter of AIR so that it can be run in the interest of s t a r t e d t r a c k i n g
public service as only FM broadcast could be listen towards studio complex on foot through pathway on
through battery operated FM radio sets and mobile hill. Only two helpers, one Cook of Mess Contractor,
phones while TV receivers need electric power which two Drivers were left behind when all staff members left
was not available in all over Srinagar city, which was HPT Complex but all the left out members (locals) were
possible due to storage of extra diesel at HPT site in to move out in the day towards their home.
advance. Because of this diesel for DG set, from All Staff from hostel complex came out through thigh Doordarshan's stock, FM transmitter service was deep water in CRPF complex and joined other staff maintained in the absence of long power cut. members at 09:00 Hrs. Then all staff members started walking towards airport and reached airport at 1400 Hrs. At about 20:15 Hrs 33 employees (DD, AIR and CCW) With timely and pre-emptive action Kendra could save boarded airplane with the help of Indian Army. lives of our employees and material worth crores of
rupees by shifting employees (along with ration) DSNG All employees from Srinagar landed at Chandigarh
van, OB van, DG van (along with Diesel) , ENG & airport at about 21:15 Hrs. With the help of Shri Sumeet
Studio cameras, VTRs, switcher, tapes and many other Goyal, DE and other employees of DDK Chandigarh
items to safe place before entering of water in to studio staff members could board different bus (on same day),
complex. airplane (on next day) for going to their home in Delhi, Jammu, Jallandhar, Jaipur, Lucknow, Kanpur, Pune and Bangalore.
I am personally thankful to Maj. Gen. Yadav and Col. Throughout the period no personnel from Programme Gupta from Indian Army and Air Comd. Sunil from wing / Cameraman were available at transmitter Indian Air Force who have extended help in evacuation complex and all decisions related to transmission were of all stranded DD staff members on the request of Shri
Most scaring moment:
Cooperation:
Synopsis:
Credits:
Studio Complex
Back Side of Hostel Complex& Jhelum River
April'14 - September’14
48 49April'14 - September’14
3. Use newspaper to wipe dish /plate after eating food On 09 Sept 2014 there was no rain throughout day and and then wash it with a little water. night. Water level in the studio and hostel complex was
further decreased by approximately 1 foot due decrease 4. Eat only limited small breakfast and one limited
in river level. Up linking was continued to be carried out meal a day.
from OB Van & DSNG Van from about 07:00 Hrs. to 5. Reduce quantity of regular dosage of medicines / 22:00 Hrs. News Bulletins were given from “On the
tablets if there is less stock to avoid total stoppage in Road arrangement”. the event of prolonged captivity.
In the night of 09.09.14 OB Van and DSNG Van were 6. Not to brush or use minimum water for mouth wash attacked by agitated mob at round 22:30 Hrs. our staff
to conserve potable water. members taking rest in vans could save their life by hiding in nearby make shift CRPF tents. Once the mob
7. Stop usage of flush and use river water through was dispersed, our own staff members worked in mid
bucket for flushing in toilets.night and cleared hill road for the movement of DSNG
8. To stay united and boost morale of our fellow van, OB van and DG Vans up to HPT complex. After that members in this situation of difficult time. vehicles (OB, DSNG & DG vans) were shifted to
transmitter complex in the night at around 01:30 Hrs. for On 08 Sept 2014, there was no rain throughout day and
safety because by that time hill road was cleared.night. But water level in the studio and hostel complex was further increased due rise in river level. By 02:30 “DD Kashir” was started from DDK Delhi through Hrs water level further increased in ground floor of MCPC earth station and taken on DTH platform so that hostel, approx. more than 8 feet above floor level. DSNG can be used for sending feed only.
Water level started receding in ground floor of hostel on On 10 Sept 2014 also there was no rain throughout day 08 Sept 2014 after 17:00 Hrs. Due to no power supply in and night. Water level in the studio and hostel complex
the full Srinagar city was further decreased due to further decrease in river and possible shortage level. Some staff members have started feeling o f d i e s e l d u e t o uncomfortable due to continuous captivity. All were blockage of Jammu- waiting for evacuation as soon as possible. Mobile S r inaga r h ighway service was restored by BSNL in limited way but Transmitter staff was connectivity was poor and unreliable. Connectivity was asked to conserve possible from only one place in hostel (top floor in diesel (scarce resource staircase) and HPT (near mess room) complexes. But it which will be required was required to try repeatedly to get connection for pumping of water, established. Even though contact could be established to bringing potable water Delhi numbers with repeated attempts it was not u p t o t r a n s m i t t e r possible to get connected with local numbers at all.complex longer DSNG
Again on 11 Sept 2014 Shri Y K Singh, DDG (HQ) and + OB operation and
Shri Naidu, DDG (Security) visited Transmitter restoration of services
complex. These food items were too little for the at a later date), through
survival of approx 35 members from DD, AIR and CRPF wireless, by
CCW. stoppage of transmitter and its DG set (which Mr Jaswant Singh, AE, Mr Bakshish Singh and Mr L M consume more diesel Sayyad, AE came to Hostel complex on foot by trekking per day while there is hill and through 4 to 5 feet deep water in and around no body to see in city DDK Srinagar complex. After discussions with these because of No power officers Mr J M Kharche, DDG(E), H R Meena, AE and supply) and reduction Mr Naveen, Cameraman had a visit to Transmitter in DSNG + OB van complex on foot by walking through Thigh deep water operation. and trekking hill to take first hand information and
review of situation. managed by our Assistant Engineers and other While visi t ing by subordinate staff available at Transmitter complex. trekking on hill, it was Even services of casual Driver were taken for reporting seen that the Srinagar purposes.city is deluged due to
Some of our staff members at transmitter complex were wide spread flooding
in the need of human insulin injections, Diabetic and it is likely to take
medicines, BP medicines but these could not be more time for normalcy
arranged in spite of our repeated requests to News in city life. After
Correspondent came from Delhi / Delhi office / CRPF visiting the transmitter
which has forced to evacuate such personnel at the c o m p l e x o n
earliest for saving their life.Shakarcharya hill and discussion with Shri N A Khan, E-in-C and
08 Sept 2014 at 0130 Hrs When river bund was severely Shri O K Sharma,
damaged and due to gushing water back side gate was ADG(E) a l l s t a f f
opened with a bang noise. Later we could see a big DG members were asked to
set was thrown out of CRPF office on to road due to that be ready for evacuation
force of water.on 12 Sept 2014 (in the morning).
On 12 Sept 2014 at DD staff at HPT, shankarachrya hill had extended about 06:30 Hrs all extraordinary cooperation to AIR and CCW staff Doordarshan s taff member in providing food, bedding and drinking water members, who were when they reached after a long captivity in TRC. shifted from hostel to
Also DD staff has provided diesel for the DG set for FM transmitter complex,
transmitter of AIR so that it can be run in the interest of s t a r t e d t r a c k i n g
public service as only FM broadcast could be listen towards studio complex on foot through pathway on
through battery operated FM radio sets and mobile hill. Only two helpers, one Cook of Mess Contractor,
phones while TV receivers need electric power which two Drivers were left behind when all staff members left
was not available in all over Srinagar city, which was HPT Complex but all the left out members (locals) were
possible due to storage of extra diesel at HPT site in to move out in the day towards their home.
advance. Because of this diesel for DG set, from All Staff from hostel complex came out through thigh Doordarshan's stock, FM transmitter service was deep water in CRPF complex and joined other staff maintained in the absence of long power cut. members at 09:00 Hrs. Then all staff members started walking towards airport and reached airport at 1400 Hrs. At about 20:15 Hrs 33 employees (DD, AIR and CCW) With timely and pre-emptive action Kendra could save boarded airplane with the help of Indian Army. lives of our employees and material worth crores of
rupees by shifting employees (along with ration) DSNG All employees from Srinagar landed at Chandigarh
van, OB van, DG van (along with Diesel) , ENG & airport at about 21:15 Hrs. With the help of Shri Sumeet
Studio cameras, VTRs, switcher, tapes and many other Goyal, DE and other employees of DDK Chandigarh
items to safe place before entering of water in to studio staff members could board different bus (on same day),
complex. airplane (on next day) for going to their home in Delhi, Jammu, Jallandhar, Jaipur, Lucknow, Kanpur, Pune and Bangalore.
I am personally thankful to Maj. Gen. Yadav and Col. Throughout the period no personnel from Programme Gupta from Indian Army and Air Comd. Sunil from wing / Cameraman were available at transmitter Indian Air Force who have extended help in evacuation complex and all decisions related to transmission were of all stranded DD staff members on the request of Shri
Most scaring moment:
Cooperation:
Synopsis:
Credits:
Studio Complex
Back Side of Hostel Complex& Jhelum River
April'14 - September’14
48 49April'14 - September’14
About The Author
Sh. J M Kharche is presently working as Dy. Director General (Engg) in Doordarshan Kendra, Srinagar, India. After completing his graduation in Engineering from MACT, Bhopal, he joined Doordarshan through IES-88 batch. Since then he has been involved in operation and maintenance of TV transmitters and Earth Stations equipments and Inspection of Broadcast equipments. He has served in different capacities in Doordarshan Kendra, Ahmedabad; Bhawanipatna; DD's Inspection Cell, Baroda; Central Production Center, New Delhi and Satellite Planning Cell of Doordarshan Directorate, New Delhi, before his current posting to Doordarshan Kendra, Srinagar. At Doordarshan Directorate, he has been involved in Doordashan's DTH project, Digitalization of Satellite Earth Stations and Modernization of DSNGs in Doordarshan Network for more than a decade.
N A Khan, E-in-C Doordarshan. Meteorological Department (IMD), Broadcast Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) and
I also want to convey my thanks to my Assistant Telecom OEMs may collaborate for development of
Engineers Shri Jaswant singh, AE; Shri Neeraj Goyal, a standard interface among themselves for seamless
AE; Shri M K Sharma, AE; Shri H R Meena, AE; Shri dissemination of timely advices and warnings to
Tarun Saxena, AE; Vivek Katiyar, AE, Shri Tara masses.
Chandra, AE; Shri L M Sayyad, AE; who have listened to my directions without any question and shown 2. All future DVB-T2 transmitter to have DVB-T2 exemplary courage and coordination with other fellow Light modulation so that it can transmit disaster staff members in shifting of van and other equipments to warnings and preventive advices on battery safe place in spite of gushing and rising water levels in operated receivers.short period of time and also maintained calm
3. DTH Set Top Box OEMs and Mobile phone OEM atmosphere among supporting staff.
may collaborate for development of a standard Shri SN Singh DDG(E) DDK Delhi and his entire interface (USB on DTH STB to Micro USB on operation and maintenance team members have Mobile phone) for using mobile battery to give extended all help to start DD Kashir Satellite service power to DTH STB and use speakers / screen of from DDK Delhi studio and earth station with same smart mobile phone for listening disaster warning frequency and satellite in a short time. broadcast when there is no city power supply during
disaster. I also want to extend my sincere thanks and regards to Shri N A Khan, E-in-C and Shri O K Sharma, ADG(E), 4. All transmitters and DTH Head Ends can be Shri Sunil, ADG(E), Shri A K Jha, DDG(E) and Shri WB upgraded to store pre recorded Disaster warnings, Prasad DDE for their guidance and support from Delhi advices to sustain long period of captivity or safety end during the hour of crisis. precautions so that it can be broadcast on getting a
disaster trigger (Region & Type) code from NDMA.
5. Development of Solar chargers for Mobile phones.After our experiences during this unprecedented flood in Srinagar following possibilities may be explored in 6. Inclusion of lessons in primary and secondary the interest of public service and safety: education on precautions to be followed during
disasters and disaster warning system, disaster 1. Broadcasters, Telecom service providers, National
preparedness.Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), Indian
Future options:
AppointmentsShri Nisar Ahmed Khan , IBES officer of 1977 batch has taken over the charge of Engineer-in-Chief Doordarshan on 1st August 2014. Prior to this appointment , he was ADG(E) looking after the work of design wing and HRD in Doordarshan Headquarter .He has also worked as ADG (training) and ADG ( north east Zone ) . He also worked on deputation in Bhutan Broadcasting corporation for special project between India and Bhutan Government .
He has 35 years of strong experience in operation , maintenance , design and training of Broadcast system. He has contributed alot as technical head for various prestigious projects like coverage of ASIAD ( 1982) in Delhi , National Game ( 2003) in Hyderabad , Afro Asian Game ( 2004 ) in Hyderabad , Common Wealth Game ( 2006 ) in Melbourne , Asian Game ( 2006 ) in Doha etc .
Through out his carrier, he has been awarded with many prestigious award like “ Best Maintained Station” and “Best Designed Project”. On personal front due to his positive attitude, he is very popular among Staff.
Sh. Animesh Chakarborty has taken over the charge of Engineer-in-Chief All India Radio w.e.f. 01.10.2014. Shri Animesh Chakarborty is an IBES officer of 1979 batch.
Possessing Graduate degree in Science and Electronics Engineering from Kolkata University (B.Sc., B. Tech(Electronics)), Sh. Animesh Chakarborty had joined All India Radio at O/o Chief Engineer (East Zone), Kolkata on 23rd March, 1981. Later on, he also served at various field offices and zonal headquarters like zonal office Guwahati, zonal office Mumbai, All India Radio Chhatarpur, All India Radio Naogaon, Super Power Transmitter AIR Chinsura and All India Radio Kolkata in various capacities.
Shri Animesh Chakarborty is a recipient of Akashvani Annual Award for three times for his contribution/Technical Excellence in projects and maintenance. Shri Chakraborty had also
been to Canada on deputation and his wide exposure will help in effectively and efficiently heading the entire network of AIR Stations all over the country.
As per the decision of the BES Council during it's first meeting on 13.09.2014, Sh. P.K. Singh Hon. Secretary visited Sh. HS Jolly, former Engineer-in-Chief and founder President Broadcast Engineering Society (India) at his residence and conveyed best wishes for his healthy and long life
WISHING GOOD HEATH TO VETERANS
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
50 51
About The Author
Sh. J M Kharche is presently working as Dy. Director General (Engg) in Doordarshan Kendra, Srinagar, India. After completing his graduation in Engineering from MACT, Bhopal, he joined Doordarshan through IES-88 batch. Since then he has been involved in operation and maintenance of TV transmitters and Earth Stations equipments and Inspection of Broadcast equipments. He has served in different capacities in Doordarshan Kendra, Ahmedabad; Bhawanipatna; DD's Inspection Cell, Baroda; Central Production Center, New Delhi and Satellite Planning Cell of Doordarshan Directorate, New Delhi, before his current posting to Doordarshan Kendra, Srinagar. At Doordarshan Directorate, he has been involved in Doordashan's DTH project, Digitalization of Satellite Earth Stations and Modernization of DSNGs in Doordarshan Network for more than a decade.
N A Khan, E-in-C Doordarshan. Meteorological Department (IMD), Broadcast Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) and
I also want to convey my thanks to my Assistant Telecom OEMs may collaborate for development of
Engineers Shri Jaswant singh, AE; Shri Neeraj Goyal, a standard interface among themselves for seamless
AE; Shri M K Sharma, AE; Shri H R Meena, AE; Shri dissemination of timely advices and warnings to
Tarun Saxena, AE; Vivek Katiyar, AE, Shri Tara masses.
Chandra, AE; Shri L M Sayyad, AE; who have listened to my directions without any question and shown 2. All future DVB-T2 transmitter to have DVB-T2 exemplary courage and coordination with other fellow Light modulation so that it can transmit disaster staff members in shifting of van and other equipments to warnings and preventive advices on battery safe place in spite of gushing and rising water levels in operated receivers.short period of time and also maintained calm
3. DTH Set Top Box OEMs and Mobile phone OEM atmosphere among supporting staff.
may collaborate for development of a standard Shri SN Singh DDG(E) DDK Delhi and his entire interface (USB on DTH STB to Micro USB on operation and maintenance team members have Mobile phone) for using mobile battery to give extended all help to start DD Kashir Satellite service power to DTH STB and use speakers / screen of from DDK Delhi studio and earth station with same smart mobile phone for listening disaster warning frequency and satellite in a short time. broadcast when there is no city power supply during
disaster. I also want to extend my sincere thanks and regards to Shri N A Khan, E-in-C and Shri O K Sharma, ADG(E), 4. All transmitters and DTH Head Ends can be Shri Sunil, ADG(E), Shri A K Jha, DDG(E) and Shri WB upgraded to store pre recorded Disaster warnings, Prasad DDE for their guidance and support from Delhi advices to sustain long period of captivity or safety end during the hour of crisis. precautions so that it can be broadcast on getting a
disaster trigger (Region & Type) code from NDMA.
5. Development of Solar chargers for Mobile phones.After our experiences during this unprecedented flood in Srinagar following possibilities may be explored in 6. Inclusion of lessons in primary and secondary the interest of public service and safety: education on precautions to be followed during
disasters and disaster warning system, disaster 1. Broadcasters, Telecom service providers, National
preparedness.Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), Indian
Future options:
AppointmentsShri Nisar Ahmed Khan , IBES officer of 1977 batch has taken over the charge of Engineer-in-Chief Doordarshan on 1st August 2014. Prior to this appointment , he was ADG(E) looking after the work of design wing and HRD in Doordarshan Headquarter .He has also worked as ADG (training) and ADG ( north east Zone ) . He also worked on deputation in Bhutan Broadcasting corporation for special project between India and Bhutan Government .
He has 35 years of strong experience in operation , maintenance , design and training of Broadcast system. He has contributed alot as technical head for various prestigious projects like coverage of ASIAD ( 1982) in Delhi , National Game ( 2003) in Hyderabad , Afro Asian Game ( 2004 ) in Hyderabad , Common Wealth Game ( 2006 ) in Melbourne , Asian Game ( 2006 ) in Doha etc .
Through out his carrier, he has been awarded with many prestigious award like “ Best Maintained Station” and “Best Designed Project”. On personal front due to his positive attitude, he is very popular among Staff.
Sh. Animesh Chakarborty has taken over the charge of Engineer-in-Chief All India Radio w.e.f. 01.10.2014. Shri Animesh Chakarborty is an IBES officer of 1979 batch.
Possessing Graduate degree in Science and Electronics Engineering from Kolkata University (B.Sc., B. Tech(Electronics)), Sh. Animesh Chakarborty had joined All India Radio at O/o Chief Engineer (East Zone), Kolkata on 23rd March, 1981. Later on, he also served at various field offices and zonal headquarters like zonal office Guwahati, zonal office Mumbai, All India Radio Chhatarpur, All India Radio Naogaon, Super Power Transmitter AIR Chinsura and All India Radio Kolkata in various capacities.
Shri Animesh Chakarborty is a recipient of Akashvani Annual Award for three times for his contribution/Technical Excellence in projects and maintenance. Shri Chakraborty had also
been to Canada on deputation and his wide exposure will help in effectively and efficiently heading the entire network of AIR Stations all over the country.
As per the decision of the BES Council during it's first meeting on 13.09.2014, Sh. P.K. Singh Hon. Secretary visited Sh. HS Jolly, former Engineer-in-Chief and founder President Broadcast Engineering Society (India) at his residence and conveyed best wishes for his healthy and long life
WISHING GOOD HEATH TO VETERANS
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
50 51
January'13 - March'13
3852
Followed by the inaugural session, lecture sessions were conducted. the first speaker Shri Biswaroop Padhi ,Head Technology Solutions ,Wild Dreams Media Entertainment presented his lecture on “Digital Communication Landscape – Introduction, Best Practices & Trends”. The speaker talked in details about various social media platforms, advance search
thoption, search organizing, 6 sense, points to be taken care for popularity of social media websites & search engines, other interactive and fast responding techniques. He focused on the importance of social media for attracting large audience in current trends. At the end of his speech, he also presented critical analysis of the popularity of various social media platforms.
The BES(I), Ahmedabad Chapter and IMPCC(Inter The second speaker Ms.Moumita Dastidar, Media Publicity Coordination Committee) Gujarat, Communication officer, UNICEF (India) Gujarat, organized a Half day workshop on “DIGITAL AND presented her lecture on “Social Media for advocating SOCIAL MEDIA COMMUNICATION” on on children's issues” she presented case studies about 02.06.2014 at INFOCITY CLUB AND RESORT, the use of social media to pave the way for new Indroda Circle, Gandhinagar, Ahmedabad. The perspective and strategies that one should adopt for workshop was planned for Government and Public advocating different social issues for benefit of society. Sector officials engaged in Publicity of Government She also focused How the information on general issues, Programs and Social Promotion Campaigns. There were comaign can be centrally collected from different field deliberations on viz: Introduction to Digital Marketing units thorough well social media platforms i.e. facebook landscape, Different New Media Platforms, Media page etc. Consumption Trends, Tips and tools on use of Social
Media, Case Studies: highlighting best practices . Both lectures were followed by Q&A session .The About 100 delegates including eminent dignitaries workshop was supported by UNICEF India. The ,IMPCC members and Broadcast professionals from anchoring of above programme was conducted by Shri various organizations, Industries, Government bodies M.H.Chowdhary Hon. Treasurer BES Ahmedabad (various field officers of AIR, DD, SAC ISRO, BSNL, Chapter.GIET etc), Public sectors, R & D Units and other Departments & Industries attended the workshop .
The event was inaugurated by Ms Jeroo master ,Chief ,UNICEF Gujarat .She delivered key note address on “Role of social media in development communication “.The inaugural speech was given by Shri Shivaji Fulsunder, Deputy Director General , Doordarshan Kendra, Ahmedabad. The Chairman, BES (I), Ahmedabad Chapter and Chairman ,IMPCC Gujarat, Shri J.K. Chandira welcomed the dignitaries & delegates and Introduced them in details about workshop. Hon. Secretary Shri A.K. Gupta proposed vote of thanks to the packed audience.
REPORTREPORT Ahamedabad ChapterA. K. Gupta
REPORTREPORT Pune ChapterAshok Kale
Shri A.K. Dixit, E-In-C, Doordarshan & President BES (I) visits BES (I) Pune Chapter:
Shri A.K. Dixit, E-In-C, Doordarshan & President BES (I), visited BES Pune Chapter on 28th April 2014. In view of the BES(I) President's visit, which was first of its kind after formation of BES(I) Pune Chapter, around a year back, a felicitation programme & informal discussion was arranged at AIR Pune conference room at 1500 Hrs. The BES Pune Chapter office bearers, BES members from Pune region, senior officers of AIR & Doordarshan in large number graced the occasion. Notable amongst were Shri R.B. Gupta former DDG(E) roles BES can play at National level. He stressed the AIR, Shri S.B. Deshpande Doordarshan, Former need to use ICT tools by BES members like Google DD(E), Smt. Manisha Shete, Vice Chairperson BES Hangouts etc for instant A/V conversation, improve the Pune Chapter & DD(E) Doordarshan Kendra Pune, Prof mass communication, ICT & Engineering skills to S.K. Hiremath, Comp Science Dept. NDA Pune. convert them our strength, BES certified courses etc.
Shri R.N. Katkar, Chairman BES (I) Pune Chapter Shri A.K. Dixit, President BES (I) while replying to the felicitated the President. While welcoming the guests, felicitation praised the BES Pune chapter for organizing he expressed that the president's visit will act as the number of activities in short span of time, suggested to catalyst in boosting the activities of BES Pune Chapter. play more active role and also promised to extend all
help from BES HQ side. He also appraised the The brief report on BES Pune Chapter's activities during gathering about BES activities at national level & last one year was presented by Shri Ashok Kale, Hon. departmental activities at Directorate. Members Secretary BES Pune Chapter.interacted lively with BES President on various issues.
While initiating the discussion on 'Future Roadmap for Shri S.S. Raman Hon. Treasurer BES (I) Pune Chapter BES (I)' Shri Ashish Bhatnagar, Vice President BES (I), proposed vote of thanks.& Patron BES Pune Chapter, explained the different
April'14 - September’14April'14 - September’14
3953
January'13 - March'13
3852
Followed by the inaugural session, lecture sessions were conducted. the first speaker Shri Biswaroop Padhi ,Head Technology Solutions ,Wild Dreams Media Entertainment presented his lecture on “Digital Communication Landscape – Introduction, Best Practices & Trends”. The speaker talked in details about various social media platforms, advance search
thoption, search organizing, 6 sense, points to be taken care for popularity of social media websites & search engines, other interactive and fast responding techniques. He focused on the importance of social media for attracting large audience in current trends. At the end of his speech, he also presented critical analysis of the popularity of various social media platforms.
The BES(I), Ahmedabad Chapter and IMPCC(Inter The second speaker Ms.Moumita Dastidar, Media Publicity Coordination Committee) Gujarat, Communication officer, UNICEF (India) Gujarat, organized a Half day workshop on “DIGITAL AND presented her lecture on “Social Media for advocating SOCIAL MEDIA COMMUNICATION” on on children's issues” she presented case studies about 02.06.2014 at INFOCITY CLUB AND RESORT, the use of social media to pave the way for new Indroda Circle, Gandhinagar, Ahmedabad. The perspective and strategies that one should adopt for workshop was planned for Government and Public advocating different social issues for benefit of society. Sector officials engaged in Publicity of Government She also focused How the information on general issues, Programs and Social Promotion Campaigns. There were comaign can be centrally collected from different field deliberations on viz: Introduction to Digital Marketing units thorough well social media platforms i.e. facebook landscape, Different New Media Platforms, Media page etc. Consumption Trends, Tips and tools on use of Social
Media, Case Studies: highlighting best practices . Both lectures were followed by Q&A session .The About 100 delegates including eminent dignitaries workshop was supported by UNICEF India. The ,IMPCC members and Broadcast professionals from anchoring of above programme was conducted by Shri various organizations, Industries, Government bodies M.H.Chowdhary Hon. Treasurer BES Ahmedabad (various field officers of AIR, DD, SAC ISRO, BSNL, Chapter.GIET etc), Public sectors, R & D Units and other Departments & Industries attended the workshop .
The event was inaugurated by Ms Jeroo master ,Chief ,UNICEF Gujarat .She delivered key note address on “Role of social media in development communication “.The inaugural speech was given by Shri Shivaji Fulsunder, Deputy Director General , Doordarshan Kendra, Ahmedabad. The Chairman, BES (I), Ahmedabad Chapter and Chairman ,IMPCC Gujarat, Shri J.K. Chandira welcomed the dignitaries & delegates and Introduced them in details about workshop. Hon. Secretary Shri A.K. Gupta proposed vote of thanks to the packed audience.
REPORTREPORT Ahamedabad ChapterA. K. Gupta
REPORTREPORT Pune ChapterAshok Kale
Shri A.K. Dixit, E-In-C, Doordarshan & President BES (I) visits BES (I) Pune Chapter:
Shri A.K. Dixit, E-In-C, Doordarshan & President BES (I), visited BES Pune Chapter on 28th April 2014. In view of the BES(I) President's visit, which was first of its kind after formation of BES(I) Pune Chapter, around a year back, a felicitation programme & informal discussion was arranged at AIR Pune conference room at 1500 Hrs. The BES Pune Chapter office bearers, BES members from Pune region, senior officers of AIR & Doordarshan in large number graced the occasion. Notable amongst were Shri R.B. Gupta former DDG(E) roles BES can play at National level. He stressed the AIR, Shri S.B. Deshpande Doordarshan, Former need to use ICT tools by BES members like Google DD(E), Smt. Manisha Shete, Vice Chairperson BES Hangouts etc for instant A/V conversation, improve the Pune Chapter & DD(E) Doordarshan Kendra Pune, Prof mass communication, ICT & Engineering skills to S.K. Hiremath, Comp Science Dept. NDA Pune. convert them our strength, BES certified courses etc.
Shri R.N. Katkar, Chairman BES (I) Pune Chapter Shri A.K. Dixit, President BES (I) while replying to the felicitated the President. While welcoming the guests, felicitation praised the BES Pune chapter for organizing he expressed that the president's visit will act as the number of activities in short span of time, suggested to catalyst in boosting the activities of BES Pune Chapter. play more active role and also promised to extend all
help from BES HQ side. He also appraised the The brief report on BES Pune Chapter's activities during gathering about BES activities at national level & last one year was presented by Shri Ashok Kale, Hon. departmental activities at Directorate. Members Secretary BES Pune Chapter.interacted lively with BES President on various issues.
While initiating the discussion on 'Future Roadmap for Shri S.S. Raman Hon. Treasurer BES (I) Pune Chapter BES (I)' Shri Ashish Bhatnagar, Vice President BES (I), proposed vote of thanks.& Patron BES Pune Chapter, explained the different
April'14 - September’14April'14 - September’14
3953
REPORTREPORTM.S. Duhan
TV(iDTV), Chips, Dongles etc. like Sony, Panasonic, ST Microelectronics, Indieon Technology Pune, CDAC , Dolby India etc.
Three Video conference were held. The first was with Mr. Gerad Faria, CTO Teamcast on upgration of Analog TV Transmitter into DVB T2/T2-Lite. The second one was by Mr. Mendy Segal from Siano (Chip manufacturer from Isreal) , who explained various solutions for DVb T2/T2-lite. The third conference was with Mr. Bin Lee from R&S, who explained potential of DVB T2 Transmitters in Disaster Management.
The other speakers includes Mr. Hirabayashi Katsuki Doordarshan has an approved plan of 40 DTTs and it is on Experiences of Sony for Digital Terrestrial being implemented in phases. The four DVB T2 Television, Digital Terrestrial Network: Opportunity & Transmitters have already been installed at Delhi, Challenges in India: DVB-T2/T2 Lite, by Mr. M. S. Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai and are under testing. In Duhan, DDG (Engg.), DVB T2/T2 Lite - order to provide inputs on receiving devices for DVB Implementation and Experiences World overview by Dr T2, a seminar cum exhibition was planned. Peter Siebert, Executive Director, DVB Project Geneva,
Accordingly the seminar cum exhibition on DVB T2/T2 Switzerland.Lite Receiving Devices was organised by
Mr. Eric Deniau VP DG:Doordarshan on 24.07.2014 in India Habitat Centre O p e r a t i o n s & New Delhi. The Seminar was inaugrated by Sh. Jawhar Innovation Enensys Sircar, CEO, Prasar Bharati . In his inaugural address he gave a presentation opined that this workshop will through light on trends in on m-PLP in DVB-manufacturing sector for DVB T2/T2-lite receiving T2/T2 Li te and devices. He also took keen interest in various receiving a d v a n t a g e s devices demonstrated in the exhibition. The Delegates inc lud ing l a t e s t for the workshop included Sr. Officers of Doordarshan developments, and including current E-in-Cs of DD and AIR , Mr. Peter
Mr. Rajesh Bhat, Sr Group Manager – Technical Siebert Executive Director DVB Project and Marketing (India) of STMicroelectronics presented Engineering officers from the Kendras. The exhibitors solutions for DVB-T2/T2 Lite receivers and Combo includes Manufacturers of STB and integrated Digital Platforms . M/s Indeon, M/sTopfield, M/s Dolby India and CDAC, Pune also gave their presentations.
The receiving devices for display included Set Top Box(STBs), integrated digital Television(iDTV) and Dongles for reception of mobile TV. In the end there was an interactive session with delegates. It was a satisfying effort where the challenges and opportunities of Digital Terrestrial TV were discussed and exhibited with demonstrations. It was highly useful seminar cum exhibition on new Technology.
Seminar on Receiving Devices for DVB-T2/T2-LiteMeenakshi Singhvi
The International Broadcasting Convention, or IBC, is an annual trade show for broadcasters, content creators/providers, equipment manufacturers, professional and technical associations, and other participants in the broadcasting industry. IBC is Europe's largest professional broadcast show and is held annually in September at the RAI Exhibition and Convention Centre in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
It is the essential global meeting place for everyone engaged in creating, managing and delivering the future of electronic media and entertainment technology and content. It immerses professionals from 170 countries in an unrivalled experience which affords the chance to trade and educate, to debate and connect, to challengestrategies and innovate with the very companies and leaders shaping the market.
In 2014, the show took place on the dates: IBC Conference 11-15 September and IBC Exhibition 12-16 September.
IBC 2014 attracted a total of 55,092 attendees. Attendees from more than 170 countries visited over 1,500 exhibitors occupying more than 50,000 square metres of display space through fourteen halls of the IBC Exhibition. The IBC Conference welcomed 280 speakers across a full programme of sessions in a new, more thematically aligned programme. These Sessions included keynotes from personalities as diverse as Professor Brian Cox and movie special effects guru Douglas Trumbull.
“IBC's goal is to deliver an event that is relevant to the connectivity, and there is no reason why broadcasters community,” said Michael Crimp, CEO of IBC. should lose that relevance.” On the show floor and in the “Getting the right attendance is more important than big conference sessions, the talk was about how numbers, but it is encouraging when we get both quality broadcasting has now moved to content everywhere, and quantity.” and is rising to the technical, commercial and
operational challenges.The opening keynote presentation of IBC2014 set the tone for a highly successful event. “Broadcast television The IBC2014 Conference also featured keynotes from is highly relevant,” said David Abraham, CEO of Google Europe President, Matt Brittin; Tim Davie, CEO Channel 4 in the UK, “but viewers want mobility and
REPORT : IBC 2014REPORT : IBC 2014
April'14 - September’14
54 55April'14 - September’14
REPORTREPORTM.S. Duhan
TV(iDTV), Chips, Dongles etc. like Sony, Panasonic, ST Microelectronics, Indieon Technology Pune, CDAC , Dolby India etc.
Three Video conference were held. The first was with Mr. Gerad Faria, CTO Teamcast on upgration of Analog TV Transmitter into DVB T2/T2-Lite. The second one was by Mr. Mendy Segal from Siano (Chip manufacturer from Isreal) , who explained various solutions for DVb T2/T2-lite. The third conference was with Mr. Bin Lee from R&S, who explained potential of DVB T2 Transmitters in Disaster Management.
The other speakers includes Mr. Hirabayashi Katsuki Doordarshan has an approved plan of 40 DTTs and it is on Experiences of Sony for Digital Terrestrial being implemented in phases. The four DVB T2 Television, Digital Terrestrial Network: Opportunity & Transmitters have already been installed at Delhi, Challenges in India: DVB-T2/T2 Lite, by Mr. M. S. Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai and are under testing. In Duhan, DDG (Engg.), DVB T2/T2 Lite - order to provide inputs on receiving devices for DVB Implementation and Experiences World overview by Dr T2, a seminar cum exhibition was planned. Peter Siebert, Executive Director, DVB Project Geneva,
Accordingly the seminar cum exhibition on DVB T2/T2 Switzerland.Lite Receiving Devices was organised by
Mr. Eric Deniau VP DG:Doordarshan on 24.07.2014 in India Habitat Centre O p e r a t i o n s & New Delhi. The Seminar was inaugrated by Sh. Jawhar Innovation Enensys Sircar, CEO, Prasar Bharati . In his inaugural address he gave a presentation opined that this workshop will through light on trends in on m-PLP in DVB-manufacturing sector for DVB T2/T2-lite receiving T2/T2 Li te and devices. He also took keen interest in various receiving a d v a n t a g e s devices demonstrated in the exhibition. The Delegates inc lud ing l a t e s t for the workshop included Sr. Officers of Doordarshan developments, and including current E-in-Cs of DD and AIR , Mr. Peter
Mr. Rajesh Bhat, Sr Group Manager – Technical Siebert Executive Director DVB Project and Marketing (India) of STMicroelectronics presented Engineering officers from the Kendras. The exhibitors solutions for DVB-T2/T2 Lite receivers and Combo includes Manufacturers of STB and integrated Digital Platforms . M/s Indeon, M/sTopfield, M/s Dolby India and CDAC, Pune also gave their presentations.
The receiving devices for display included Set Top Box(STBs), integrated digital Television(iDTV) and Dongles for reception of mobile TV. In the end there was an interactive session with delegates. It was a satisfying effort where the challenges and opportunities of Digital Terrestrial TV were discussed and exhibited with demonstrations. It was highly useful seminar cum exhibition on new Technology.
Seminar on Receiving Devices for DVB-T2/T2-LiteMeenakshi Singhvi
The International Broadcasting Convention, or IBC, is an annual trade show for broadcasters, content creators/providers, equipment manufacturers, professional and technical associations, and other participants in the broadcasting industry. IBC is Europe's largest professional broadcast show and is held annually in September at the RAI Exhibition and Convention Centre in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
It is the essential global meeting place for everyone engaged in creating, managing and delivering the future of electronic media and entertainment technology and content. It immerses professionals from 170 countries in an unrivalled experience which affords the chance to trade and educate, to debate and connect, to challengestrategies and innovate with the very companies and leaders shaping the market.
In 2014, the show took place on the dates: IBC Conference 11-15 September and IBC Exhibition 12-16 September.
IBC 2014 attracted a total of 55,092 attendees. Attendees from more than 170 countries visited over 1,500 exhibitors occupying more than 50,000 square metres of display space through fourteen halls of the IBC Exhibition. The IBC Conference welcomed 280 speakers across a full programme of sessions in a new, more thematically aligned programme. These Sessions included keynotes from personalities as diverse as Professor Brian Cox and movie special effects guru Douglas Trumbull.
“IBC's goal is to deliver an event that is relevant to the connectivity, and there is no reason why broadcasters community,” said Michael Crimp, CEO of IBC. should lose that relevance.” On the show floor and in the “Getting the right attendance is more important than big conference sessions, the talk was about how numbers, but it is encouraging when we get both quality broadcasting has now moved to content everywhere, and quantity.” and is rising to the technical, commercial and
operational challenges.The opening keynote presentation of IBC2014 set the tone for a highly successful event. “Broadcast television The IBC2014 Conference also featured keynotes from is highly relevant,” said David Abraham, CEO of Google Europe President, Matt Brittin; Tim Davie, CEO Channel 4 in the UK, “but viewers want mobility and
REPORT : IBC 2014REPORT : IBC 2014
April'14 - September’14
54 55April'14 - September’14
20thCentury Fox – in high brightness, 14 foot lambert (fL) 3D, thanks to the installation of the Christie's 6-Primary (6P) laser colour system. The IBC Big Screen was also host to a number of other events, conference sessions and presentations, including live real-time colour grading in 4K and exceptional keynote address from Douglas Trumbull where he presented his hypervivid 10-minute short 'UTOFOG' which is filmed at an extraordinary 4K 3D 120 frames a second.
and Director Global, BBC Worldwide; Bruce Tuchman, President, AMC Global and Sundance Channel Global; NeelieKroes, Vice-President of the European Commission; Sam Barnett, CEO, MBC Group and Charlie Vogt, CEO of Imagine Communications & Gates Air.
Within IBC there are a number of strands, enabling this cross-fertilisation of ideas. The IBC Leaders' Summit brought together more than 100 CEOs and senior executives for a closed door debate. This year they looked at the surge of digitally-enabled services, and how innovation in related industries is driving change in The IBC2014 Awards Ceremony also used the full the world of media. functionality of the IBC Big Screen. The Judges' Prize
and International Honour for Excellence were presented At the other end of the career spectrum, IBC was once to FIFA for its football coverage and the Special Award more host to the Rising Stars. This programme gave to the Vienna State Opera for its broadcast and online over 150 young professional just entering the industry a services, bringing opera and ballet to audiences chance to learn, to debate and to network, becoming part worldwide live. The IBC Innovation Awards winners of the IBC community. This year's programme was led were also revealed and prizes were given for Best by entrepreneur presenter James Neufeld and featured a Conference Paper and special appearance from Professor Brian Cox. for the Best Stand
Designs for Shell The technologies of tomorrow could be seen in the IBC Scheme, best small Future Zone, where researchers shared their ideas in free design and best prototype. Cisco took the opportunity to showcase its large free design vision of the connected world of the near future and stands.NHK demonstrated its Super Hi-Vision 8k system,
including new cameras light enough to be used on T h r o u g h o u t t h e Steadicam. c o n f e r e n c e ,
exhibition, feature The IBC Big Screen Experience offered a world first areas and events like this year. For the first time anywhere, IBC visitors could the awards and the watch full-length feature films – The Life of Pi and I B C B i g S c r e e n Dawn of the Planet of the Apes, both shown courtesy of
“pit-stops” to give attendees insight on recent DRM developments. The DRM Consortium met at the Ampegon booth for the launch of the first DRM AM model receiver, which they emphasize “is produced in India for India and for global use. The AV-DR -1401 was designed and produced by Communications Systems Inc., under the brand name Avion Electronics of India. It also includes an analog AM and FM receiver. As a digital receiver it offers some extra features like more choice in perfect sound (MPEG audio), multimedia applications and local interactive text and media (Journaline), automatic tuning by station (not frequency), emergency alert capability etc. Ankit Agrawal, Director of Communications Systems Inc., was thrilled with the interest created by the DRM radio. Experience, and excellent networking opportunities, ”Our receiver performed very well and its audio quality, IBC provides an excellent environment to share extra features and ease of use received a lot of positive knowledge across the industry. IBC will return to feedback,” he said. RuxandraObreja, Chairman of the Amsterdam next year: IBC Conference 10 - 14 DRM consortium, presented Ankit Agrawal the DRM September and IBC Exhibition 11 - 15 September 2015.Gold Certificate in recognition of designing and
First DRM Receiver Produced in India Unveiled at launching the first India DRM Receiver.IBC
At the IBC 2014 Digital Radio Mondiale hosted three
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
5756
It has been observed that BES Members are not informing BES office regarding their change of postal address, which causes non-supply of BES documents to the members. Therefore, all BES Members are requested to visit BES Website : www.besindia.com to check the correctness of their postal address and if any correction is required, the same may kindly be communicated by post /fax / email to :-.
Broadcast Engineering Society (India)912, Surya Kiran Building,19, Kasturba Gandhi Marg,New Delhi-110001Tel. : 91-11-23316709Fax : 91-11-23316710E-mail : [email protected]
N O T I C E
20thCentury Fox – in high brightness, 14 foot lambert (fL) 3D, thanks to the installation of the Christie's 6-Primary (6P) laser colour system. The IBC Big Screen was also host to a number of other events, conference sessions and presentations, including live real-time colour grading in 4K and exceptional keynote address from Douglas Trumbull where he presented his hypervivid 10-minute short 'UTOFOG' which is filmed at an extraordinary 4K 3D 120 frames a second.
and Director Global, BBC Worldwide; Bruce Tuchman, President, AMC Global and Sundance Channel Global; NeelieKroes, Vice-President of the European Commission; Sam Barnett, CEO, MBC Group and Charlie Vogt, CEO of Imagine Communications & Gates Air.
Within IBC there are a number of strands, enabling this cross-fertilisation of ideas. The IBC Leaders' Summit brought together more than 100 CEOs and senior executives for a closed door debate. This year they looked at the surge of digitally-enabled services, and how innovation in related industries is driving change in The IBC2014 Awards Ceremony also used the full the world of media. functionality of the IBC Big Screen. The Judges' Prize
and International Honour for Excellence were presented At the other end of the career spectrum, IBC was once to FIFA for its football coverage and the Special Award more host to the Rising Stars. This programme gave to the Vienna State Opera for its broadcast and online over 150 young professional just entering the industry a services, bringing opera and ballet to audiences chance to learn, to debate and to network, becoming part worldwide live. The IBC Innovation Awards winners of the IBC community. This year's programme was led were also revealed and prizes were given for Best by entrepreneur presenter James Neufeld and featured a Conference Paper and special appearance from Professor Brian Cox. for the Best Stand
Designs for Shell The technologies of tomorrow could be seen in the IBC Scheme, best small Future Zone, where researchers shared their ideas in free design and best prototype. Cisco took the opportunity to showcase its large free design vision of the connected world of the near future and stands.NHK demonstrated its Super Hi-Vision 8k system,
including new cameras light enough to be used on T h r o u g h o u t t h e Steadicam. c o n f e r e n c e ,
exhibition, feature The IBC Big Screen Experience offered a world first areas and events like this year. For the first time anywhere, IBC visitors could the awards and the watch full-length feature films – The Life of Pi and I B C B i g S c r e e n Dawn of the Planet of the Apes, both shown courtesy of
“pit-stops” to give attendees insight on recent DRM developments. The DRM Consortium met at the Ampegon booth for the launch of the first DRM AM model receiver, which they emphasize “is produced in India for India and for global use. The AV-DR -1401 was designed and produced by Communications Systems Inc., under the brand name Avion Electronics of India. It also includes an analog AM and FM receiver. As a digital receiver it offers some extra features like more choice in perfect sound (MPEG audio), multimedia applications and local interactive text and media (Journaline), automatic tuning by station (not frequency), emergency alert capability etc. Ankit Agrawal, Director of Communications Systems Inc., was thrilled with the interest created by the DRM radio. Experience, and excellent networking opportunities, ”Our receiver performed very well and its audio quality, IBC provides an excellent environment to share extra features and ease of use received a lot of positive knowledge across the industry. IBC will return to feedback,” he said. RuxandraObreja, Chairman of the Amsterdam next year: IBC Conference 10 - 14 DRM consortium, presented Ankit Agrawal the DRM September and IBC Exhibition 11 - 15 September 2015.Gold Certificate in recognition of designing and
First DRM Receiver Produced in India Unveiled at launching the first India DRM Receiver.IBC
At the IBC 2014 Digital Radio Mondiale hosted three
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
5756
It has been observed that BES Members are not informing BES office regarding their change of postal address, which causes non-supply of BES documents to the members. Therefore, all BES Members are requested to visit BES Website : www.besindia.com to check the correctness of their postal address and if any correction is required, the same may kindly be communicated by post /fax / email to :-.
Broadcast Engineering Society (India)912, Surya Kiran Building,19, Kasturba Gandhi Marg,New Delhi-110001Tel. : 91-11-23316709Fax : 91-11-23316710E-mail : [email protected]
N O T I C E
58
ReminiscencesReminiscencesReminiscencesimmersing them in copper solution tub for 48 hours, coating, grinding and bringing them to right shape and then taking imprint on the two negative plates of the big compressing machine. Once the impressions were transferred on the negative plates, vinyl material was placed and compressed in the machine to get multiple copies of positively changed vinyl Presto records (it is like the old printing machines). Shri Sinha, AE was my first boss at the Recording Processing Plant, who gave such useful advice which guided me throughout my life.
After about two years, I was posted to All India Radio, Nagpur station where I worked at Receiving Centre, Studio Centre and Transmitter (then 10 KW MW Westinghouse). Having completed 5 years at Nagpur, I was transferred to High Power Transmitting Station of AIR at Malad, Mumbai. There I got the experience of working on 50 KW MW Westinghouse Transmitter, 10 KW Awa Transmitter, 10 KW Philips Regional Shortwave Transmitter and 100 KW Marconi SW Transmitter. I vividly remember working with Shri K.M. Mehta, Engineer.in.Charge, Shri Ramakutty Nair. E.in.C and Shri H.L. Chopda, Dy. Engineer.
In 1974 I was transferred to Tape Recording Cell of AIR at Delhi and after a year shifted to Central Stores of AIR at Delhi itself. In 1976, I was shifted back to Mumbai as th
I was born on 25 October 1930 in a small town named Director Project Cell in Western Project Circle office.
Hatta in Sagar District of Madhya Pradesh. I did my Here, I worked at Jalgaon studio installation, setting up
Primary education there and came to Jabalpur. There I of 10 KW MW Transmitter as also Type I Studio at
did my Matriculation from Maharashtra High School. Ambikapur, Madhya Pradesh – then a very remote
Then I went to Nagpur in Maharashtra to do place. I remember the story of Shri G. Parthasarathy
Intermediate in Science. I came back to Jabalpur and who was earlier sent from Mumbai to Ambikapur to
joined Engineering College. I did my Degree B.E. survey and mark out the land for AIR Transmitter. When
(Hons.) in Telecommunication Engineering in 1954-55.he got down at Raighad Railway Station and asked for
I joined Overseas Communication Service at Mumbai further conveyance to reach Ambikapur, he was shown a (then under Post and Telegraph Dept.) and was posted to big elephant on which he literally rode to reach the town.Dighi (near Pune) Transmitting Station. I had hardly
Having completed these installations I returned to zonal done about three months when I got the job through
office at Bombay as Director Project Cell and UPSC in All India Radio, Delhi and was posted as
coordinated various installations in Maharashtra, Technical Assistant at Record Processing Plant situated
Madhya Pradesh, Goa, Daman etc. Later in 1986, I at the Barracks behind Akashvani Bhavan. Here the
took over as Chief Engineer, Western Zone at Mumbai master vinyl coated (12” dia) aluminum records were
and had to look after all the Projects of AIR as well as processed. The processing involved striping silver
Television, Studios, Transmitters and LPTs. I was electrolyte on master record brought from AIR studios,
actively involved in “Engineering Project” (completing
59
one installation per day) under Shri H.S. Jolly, the then Kumar Gandharv of Indore, Shri Bhimsen Joshi of Chief Engineer at AIR Directorate. Pune, Smt. Prabha Atre and many others.
I retired from Government Service in October 1988 as Last but not the least I was very lucky to have got very Chief Engineer having attained the age of good cooperation from my staff, both technical as well superannuation but continued as a Consultant for one as management and office, whom I still remember quite year looking after major projects of AIR at Panaji and often and feel that without the guidance from senior Rajkot. I am very happy to mention that during my officers and all out help from my staff, I would not have career in AIR & Doordarshan, I had a very hectic time really enjoyed my stint with All India Radio & wherever I was posted and thus got good experience in Doordarshan.all fields of broadcasting.
I am very much happy and satisfied to have given my I had the privilege of working under stalwarts like Shri best during my career and reaped good results.H.S. Jolly, Shri S.P. Bhatikar, Shri P.S. Dhagat etc. all
— R.G. Dakshindasvery active and intelligent persons of very high caliber
Former Chief Engineer, AIRworthy of emulating by all in every respect viz. behavior, culture, technical knowledge and administrative capacity. I was also very lucky to have good rapport with Programme staff at stations and made good acquaintances with very high artistes like Shri
[email protected] 91 20 25439644
07588476649
The incident dates back to early 80s when Doordarshan was the craze of people and TV Transmitter, Indore was to relay the function of Asiad. Unfortunately, the transmitter had failed and there was a big reaction in the town. Crowds soared up in open grounds shouting “who is this officer who has come from Mumbai? Where is he – we failed to see the event on Doordarshan.” The Collector, Indore called on Shri Dakshindas and told that the situation was getting out of control. Shri Dakshindas called for the vehicle and decided to face the crowd. He reached the crowd and asked the driver to slowly move the vehicle through the crowd. Then he came out and sat on the top of the vehicle and said “I am Dakshindas.” People started shouting and scolding. Shri Dakshindas without losing his temper said “will you only shout or some of you can come forward and help, so that, with our collaborative effort we can succeed.” He said that if anybody had some recording machines and tapes, let them reach the telephone exchange at the prescribed address in the next one hour. 4 or 5 people were there. A Technician from Doordarshan was already on the spot. They recorded the feed straight from P&T lines, later checked the quality. By 3.00 PM, the Technician from TV Transmitter reported that the fault has been rectified. Shri Dakshindas rushed to Akashvani, Indore and got several repeated announcements made that the recordings of the event will be transmitted on Doordarshan at 5.00 PM. The next day, the local newspapers were in praise of Doordarshan and Doordarshan official Shri Dakshindas. The incident proves that big problems can be solved with a calm and cool mind and listening to complaints patiently, involving them and taking concrete out of box decisions on the ground.
A Group D staff at Regional Office was quite notorious. Once he came into the chamber of Shri Dakshindas and told violently that he being troubled and is not being posted at such and such place. He further threatened that he would give up his life if his demands are not met any more. Shri Dakshindas was cool. He pressed the bell and called for two officers in the chamber and asked them to be seated. Shri Dakshindas got up from his chair, went near the big window of the third floor which had no grills and opened the window and told this gentleman, “here is the way, you can jump if you so wish.” The notorious man was stunned and remained stuck to his chair. After a few minutes he stood up and said sorry and went back and never again complained.
The Editor, BES Review had the opportunity of meeting Shri R.G. Dakshindas personally who narrated many interesting incidents of his service life. Some of them are given below.
April'14 - September’14April'14 - September’14
R.G. Dakshindas
58
ReminiscencesReminiscencesReminiscencesimmersing them in copper solution tub for 48 hours, coating, grinding and bringing them to right shape and then taking imprint on the two negative plates of the big compressing machine. Once the impressions were transferred on the negative plates, vinyl material was placed and compressed in the machine to get multiple copies of positively changed vinyl Presto records (it is like the old printing machines). Shri Sinha, AE was my first boss at the Recording Processing Plant, who gave such useful advice which guided me throughout my life.
After about two years, I was posted to All India Radio, Nagpur station where I worked at Receiving Centre, Studio Centre and Transmitter (then 10 KW MW Westinghouse). Having completed 5 years at Nagpur, I was transferred to High Power Transmitting Station of AIR at Malad, Mumbai. There I got the experience of working on 50 KW MW Westinghouse Transmitter, 10 KW Awa Transmitter, 10 KW Philips Regional Shortwave Transmitter and 100 KW Marconi SW Transmitter. I vividly remember working with Shri K.M. Mehta, Engineer.in.Charge, Shri Ramakutty Nair. E.in.C and Shri H.L. Chopda, Dy. Engineer.
In 1974 I was transferred to Tape Recording Cell of AIR at Delhi and after a year shifted to Central Stores of AIR at Delhi itself. In 1976, I was shifted back to Mumbai as th
I was born on 25 October 1930 in a small town named Director Project Cell in Western Project Circle office.
Hatta in Sagar District of Madhya Pradesh. I did my Here, I worked at Jalgaon studio installation, setting up
Primary education there and came to Jabalpur. There I of 10 KW MW Transmitter as also Type I Studio at
did my Matriculation from Maharashtra High School. Ambikapur, Madhya Pradesh – then a very remote
Then I went to Nagpur in Maharashtra to do place. I remember the story of Shri G. Parthasarathy
Intermediate in Science. I came back to Jabalpur and who was earlier sent from Mumbai to Ambikapur to
joined Engineering College. I did my Degree B.E. survey and mark out the land for AIR Transmitter. When
(Hons.) in Telecommunication Engineering in 1954-55.he got down at Raighad Railway Station and asked for
I joined Overseas Communication Service at Mumbai further conveyance to reach Ambikapur, he was shown a (then under Post and Telegraph Dept.) and was posted to big elephant on which he literally rode to reach the town.Dighi (near Pune) Transmitting Station. I had hardly
Having completed these installations I returned to zonal done about three months when I got the job through
office at Bombay as Director Project Cell and UPSC in All India Radio, Delhi and was posted as
coordinated various installations in Maharashtra, Technical Assistant at Record Processing Plant situated
Madhya Pradesh, Goa, Daman etc. Later in 1986, I at the Barracks behind Akashvani Bhavan. Here the
took over as Chief Engineer, Western Zone at Mumbai master vinyl coated (12” dia) aluminum records were
and had to look after all the Projects of AIR as well as processed. The processing involved striping silver
Television, Studios, Transmitters and LPTs. I was electrolyte on master record brought from AIR studios,
actively involved in “Engineering Project” (completing
59
one installation per day) under Shri H.S. Jolly, the then Kumar Gandharv of Indore, Shri Bhimsen Joshi of Chief Engineer at AIR Directorate. Pune, Smt. Prabha Atre and many others.
I retired from Government Service in October 1988 as Last but not the least I was very lucky to have got very Chief Engineer having attained the age of good cooperation from my staff, both technical as well superannuation but continued as a Consultant for one as management and office, whom I still remember quite year looking after major projects of AIR at Panaji and often and feel that without the guidance from senior Rajkot. I am very happy to mention that during my officers and all out help from my staff, I would not have career in AIR & Doordarshan, I had a very hectic time really enjoyed my stint with All India Radio & wherever I was posted and thus got good experience in Doordarshan.all fields of broadcasting.
I am very much happy and satisfied to have given my I had the privilege of working under stalwarts like Shri best during my career and reaped good results.H.S. Jolly, Shri S.P. Bhatikar, Shri P.S. Dhagat etc. all
— R.G. Dakshindasvery active and intelligent persons of very high caliber
Former Chief Engineer, AIRworthy of emulating by all in every respect viz. behavior, culture, technical knowledge and administrative capacity. I was also very lucky to have good rapport with Programme staff at stations and made good acquaintances with very high artistes like Shri
[email protected] 91 20 25439644
07588476649
The incident dates back to early 80s when Doordarshan was the craze of people and TV Transmitter, Indore was to relay the function of Asiad. Unfortunately, the transmitter had failed and there was a big reaction in the town. Crowds soared up in open grounds shouting “who is this officer who has come from Mumbai? Where is he – we failed to see the event on Doordarshan.” The Collector, Indore called on Shri Dakshindas and told that the situation was getting out of control. Shri Dakshindas called for the vehicle and decided to face the crowd. He reached the crowd and asked the driver to slowly move the vehicle through the crowd. Then he came out and sat on the top of the vehicle and said “I am Dakshindas.” People started shouting and scolding. Shri Dakshindas without losing his temper said “will you only shout or some of you can come forward and help, so that, with our collaborative effort we can succeed.” He said that if anybody had some recording machines and tapes, let them reach the telephone exchange at the prescribed address in the next one hour. 4 or 5 people were there. A Technician from Doordarshan was already on the spot. They recorded the feed straight from P&T lines, later checked the quality. By 3.00 PM, the Technician from TV Transmitter reported that the fault has been rectified. Shri Dakshindas rushed to Akashvani, Indore and got several repeated announcements made that the recordings of the event will be transmitted on Doordarshan at 5.00 PM. The next day, the local newspapers were in praise of Doordarshan and Doordarshan official Shri Dakshindas. The incident proves that big problems can be solved with a calm and cool mind and listening to complaints patiently, involving them and taking concrete out of box decisions on the ground.
A Group D staff at Regional Office was quite notorious. Once he came into the chamber of Shri Dakshindas and told violently that he being troubled and is not being posted at such and such place. He further threatened that he would give up his life if his demands are not met any more. Shri Dakshindas was cool. He pressed the bell and called for two officers in the chamber and asked them to be seated. Shri Dakshindas got up from his chair, went near the big window of the third floor which had no grills and opened the window and told this gentleman, “here is the way, you can jump if you so wish.” The notorious man was stunned and remained stuck to his chair. After a few minutes he stood up and said sorry and went back and never again complained.
The Editor, BES Review had the opportunity of meeting Shri R.G. Dakshindas personally who narrated many interesting incidents of his service life. Some of them are given below.
April'14 - September’14April'14 - September’14
R.G. Dakshindas
60 6161
DDI goes international Common EPG for Cable operators
In an effort to distribute its content to international Triveni Digital has introduced enhancements to its markets, DD India (DDI) has signed an agreement with GuideBuilder 5 metadata generation platform for CATV German public service broadcaster Deutsche Welle applications, designed to help operators successfully (DW). This will help India's public broadcaster get a migrate to all-digital services. It enables cable operators global footprint with its programmes becoming part of to provide timely and accurate electronic program
the Free-to-Air basic guides (EPGs) for clear-QAM tuners, non-decrypting pack on the European and DVB-SI STBs, and MDU installations. By offering D T H p l a t f o r m o f a single metadata management platform GuideBuilder 5 Hotbird-13 B satellite. speeds up CATV workflows.DDI's international channel will be beamed
Audio-over-IP multichannel networkingacross 120 mill ion households in Europe, AEQ's AoIP solution is based on AUDINATE
Northern Africa, Central Asia as well as West Asia. In technology and provides AoIP multichannel return, DW-TV will be distributed on DDI DTH networking. Based on AES67 standard for high platform Freedish. performance streaming audio-over-IP ensures, the
equipment is fully compatible with a wide selection of
existing and future devices for broadcasting, recording India produces its first DRM-AM / FM receiver studios and professional audio. It offers up to 512 audio
channels in each gigabit ethernet network. For smaller The first Indian-made DRM AM model receiver is
installations, the system can be cascaded or daisy designed and produced by Communications Systems
chained, as network interfaces are duplicated.under the brand name Avion Electronics of India. The AV-DR -1401 stereo model, which can receive digital DRM SW and MW as well as analogue AM and FM, “Visual Radio” for European Athlet ics offers some of the Championshipse x t r a f e a t u r e s
The European Broadcasting Union has enabled sports i n c l u d i n g m o r e
fans tuned to radio coverage of the Zurich 2014 choice in perfect
European Athletics Championships to 'see' as well as s o u n d ( M P E G
hear the action for the first time.Together with European audio), multimedia
Athletics, the EBU has created “Visual Radio”, a brand applications, local
new live data slideshow showing results and pictures interactive text and
from the event. The Visual Radio project will deliver media (Journaline),
start lists, results, pictures of the athletes in action and automatic tuning by
quotes from participants directly to radio audiences. station rather than frequency, and emergency alert
Information from partners will be transmitted every capability. The receiver was unveiled at the IBC by the
second so listeners will be taken into the heart of the DRM Consortium.
action and be able to follow each event with instant pictures and data live from the venue.
Source & Credit: 202comms.com
Source & Credit: www.thehindubusinessline.com
Source & Credit: http://www.aeq.es
Source & Credit: www.avionelectronics.in
Public service broadcasters can use “Visual Radio” in 3 HD, and now to 4K/UHD, has caused file sizes to different ways. Firstly, as a DAB+ Slideshow where explode. The 66th annual Technology and Engineering images are broadcast alongside the radio program and Emmy presentations will be held in Las Vegas during displayed on DAB+ digital radios with a colour screen, the 2015 Consumer Electronic Show.including the newest car receivers. Secondly, Hybrid
Radio receivers, which work with FM or digital radio, can automatically download and display images as they Mobile Surround Soundare produced. The EBU has created a RadioDNS server
With Fraunhofer Cingo your tablet or smartphone for broadcasters that want to start using hybrid radio
becomes a true surround sound theatre. Plug in your without having to deploy their own infrastructure. And
earphones or use the built-in stereo speakers to watch finally the slideshow can be embedded in broadcasters´
movies in enveloping surround sound - even while web pages so data can be accessed online too.
you're on the move. Not only does Cingo enable an excellent surround sound listening experience over stereo speakers or headphones, it also provides existing
Video Operating System to the Cloud
At IBC, Thomson Video Networks featured initial components of the Behind Every Screen strategy. In the second half of 2014, Thomson Video Networks will begin a phased release of the cloud-enabled version of MediaFlex. It is a video operating system that includes support for virtual machines (VMs) and cloud-based video processing resources. The updated unit is an important component in the company's new Behind Every Screen strategy — an all-encompassing video infrastructure for broadcast and multi-screen services
stereo content with a more natural and clear sound. The that leverages both on-premises and cloud resources for Google Nexus family of devices uses Fraunhofer Cingo the highest video quality and lowest cost of ownership. for audio playback. In a typical deployment based on the Behind Every
Screen approach, MediaFlex can be used to operate multiple platforms at once.
Multiviewer with Recording
Volicon featured a new Multiviewer at IBC. With this FileCatalyst Recipient of 66th Annual Technology & Multiviewer, which leverages the Observer platform's Engineering Emmy recording capability along with multiview functionality,
users can access live or recorded audio and video, FileCatalyst, an accelerated file transfer solution, has complemented by frame-accurate data, on a monitor been selected as a recipient of the 66th Annual wall or other display. The platform captures and stores Technology and Engineering Emmy Award for Secure content from any source and enables users to review that Accelerated File Movement over IP including the content in real time, from anywhere and at any time, for Internet. Technology and Engineering Emmy Awards applications ranging from compliance, quality are presented to a select few organisations that assurance, and competitive analysis to production and demonstrate extensive improvement on existing repurposing for multiple platforms and social media methods or are so innovative in nature that they outlets.materially have affected the transmission, recording, or
reception of television. Secure Accelerated File Movement has revolutionised the way media content is shared and collaborated upon. The evolutionary shift to
Source & Credit: www.content-technology.com
Source & Credit: http://www3.ebu.ch/contents/news/2014/04/eurovision-sports-live-a-video-a.html
Source & Credit:Fraunhofer's new TV audio technology
Source & Credit: www.thomson-networks.com.
Source & Credit: www.volicon.com.
Broadcast Industry News
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
60 6161
DDI goes international Common EPG for Cable operators
In an effort to distribute its content to international Triveni Digital has introduced enhancements to its markets, DD India (DDI) has signed an agreement with GuideBuilder 5 metadata generation platform for CATV German public service broadcaster Deutsche Welle applications, designed to help operators successfully (DW). This will help India's public broadcaster get a migrate to all-digital services. It enables cable operators global footprint with its programmes becoming part of to provide timely and accurate electronic program
the Free-to-Air basic guides (EPGs) for clear-QAM tuners, non-decrypting pack on the European and DVB-SI STBs, and MDU installations. By offering D T H p l a t f o r m o f a single metadata management platform GuideBuilder 5 Hotbird-13 B satellite. speeds up CATV workflows.DDI's international channel will be beamed
Audio-over-IP multichannel networkingacross 120 mill ion households in Europe, AEQ's AoIP solution is based on AUDINATE
Northern Africa, Central Asia as well as West Asia. In technology and provides AoIP multichannel return, DW-TV will be distributed on DDI DTH networking. Based on AES67 standard for high platform Freedish. performance streaming audio-over-IP ensures, the
equipment is fully compatible with a wide selection of
existing and future devices for broadcasting, recording India produces its first DRM-AM / FM receiver studios and professional audio. It offers up to 512 audio
channels in each gigabit ethernet network. For smaller The first Indian-made DRM AM model receiver is
installations, the system can be cascaded or daisy designed and produced by Communications Systems
chained, as network interfaces are duplicated.under the brand name Avion Electronics of India. The AV-DR -1401 stereo model, which can receive digital DRM SW and MW as well as analogue AM and FM, “Visual Radio” for European Athlet ics offers some of the Championshipse x t r a f e a t u r e s
The European Broadcasting Union has enabled sports i n c l u d i n g m o r e
fans tuned to radio coverage of the Zurich 2014 choice in perfect
European Athletics Championships to 'see' as well as s o u n d ( M P E G
hear the action for the first time.Together with European audio), multimedia
Athletics, the EBU has created “Visual Radio”, a brand applications, local
new live data slideshow showing results and pictures interactive text and
from the event. The Visual Radio project will deliver media (Journaline),
start lists, results, pictures of the athletes in action and automatic tuning by
quotes from participants directly to radio audiences. station rather than frequency, and emergency alert
Information from partners will be transmitted every capability. The receiver was unveiled at the IBC by the
second so listeners will be taken into the heart of the DRM Consortium.
action and be able to follow each event with instant pictures and data live from the venue.
Source & Credit: 202comms.com
Source & Credit: www.thehindubusinessline.com
Source & Credit: http://www.aeq.es
Source & Credit: www.avionelectronics.in
Public service broadcasters can use “Visual Radio” in 3 HD, and now to 4K/UHD, has caused file sizes to different ways. Firstly, as a DAB+ Slideshow where explode. The 66th annual Technology and Engineering images are broadcast alongside the radio program and Emmy presentations will be held in Las Vegas during displayed on DAB+ digital radios with a colour screen, the 2015 Consumer Electronic Show.including the newest car receivers. Secondly, Hybrid
Radio receivers, which work with FM or digital radio, can automatically download and display images as they Mobile Surround Soundare produced. The EBU has created a RadioDNS server
With Fraunhofer Cingo your tablet or smartphone for broadcasters that want to start using hybrid radio
becomes a true surround sound theatre. Plug in your without having to deploy their own infrastructure. And
earphones or use the built-in stereo speakers to watch finally the slideshow can be embedded in broadcasters´
movies in enveloping surround sound - even while web pages so data can be accessed online too.
you're on the move. Not only does Cingo enable an excellent surround sound listening experience over stereo speakers or headphones, it also provides existing
Video Operating System to the Cloud
At IBC, Thomson Video Networks featured initial components of the Behind Every Screen strategy. In the second half of 2014, Thomson Video Networks will begin a phased release of the cloud-enabled version of MediaFlex. It is a video operating system that includes support for virtual machines (VMs) and cloud-based video processing resources. The updated unit is an important component in the company's new Behind Every Screen strategy — an all-encompassing video infrastructure for broadcast and multi-screen services
stereo content with a more natural and clear sound. The that leverages both on-premises and cloud resources for Google Nexus family of devices uses Fraunhofer Cingo the highest video quality and lowest cost of ownership. for audio playback. In a typical deployment based on the Behind Every
Screen approach, MediaFlex can be used to operate multiple platforms at once.
Multiviewer with Recording
Volicon featured a new Multiviewer at IBC. With this FileCatalyst Recipient of 66th Annual Technology & Multiviewer, which leverages the Observer platform's Engineering Emmy recording capability along with multiview functionality,
users can access live or recorded audio and video, FileCatalyst, an accelerated file transfer solution, has complemented by frame-accurate data, on a monitor been selected as a recipient of the 66th Annual wall or other display. The platform captures and stores Technology and Engineering Emmy Award for Secure content from any source and enables users to review that Accelerated File Movement over IP including the content in real time, from anywhere and at any time, for Internet. Technology and Engineering Emmy Awards applications ranging from compliance, quality are presented to a select few organisations that assurance, and competitive analysis to production and demonstrate extensive improvement on existing repurposing for multiple platforms and social media methods or are so innovative in nature that they outlets.materially have affected the transmission, recording, or
reception of television. Secure Accelerated File Movement has revolutionised the way media content is shared and collaborated upon. The evolutionary shift to
Source & Credit: www.content-technology.com
Source & Credit: http://www3.ebu.ch/contents/news/2014/04/eurovision-sports-live-a-video-a.html
Source & Credit:Fraunhofer's new TV audio technology
Source & Credit: www.thomson-networks.com.
Source & Credit: www.volicon.com.
Broadcast Industry News
April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
Loudness Management Innovation Lift-off for AsiaSat 8
At the IBC, NUGEN Audio showcased several AsiaSat 8 aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 launch vehicle innovations in post-production and broadcast audio successfully lifted off from the Cape tools. The centre-piece is the new DynApt dynamic Canaveral on 5 August. AsiaSat adaptation technology for loudness-compliant audio acquired the first signals from the repurposing. The company will feature version 1.1 of satellite in Hong Kong 54 minutes MultiMonitor, its loudness and true-peak monitoring after launch. Over the next few software application. The unit now offers individual days, the satellite will move into the logging for up to 16 individual loudness and true-peak geostationary orbit. With a design meters — a total of up to 96 mono, stereo, and 5.1 audio life of 15 years, AsiaSat 8 has 24 channels. Ku-band transponders and a Ka-
band payload. The satellite will co-locate with AsiaSat 7 and its Ku-
Video-Over-IP Codec band beams will cover China, India, the Middle East and
Digigram demonstrated the enhanced encoding South East Asia.capabilities of its AQILIM *SERV/FIT IP video codec,
including the ability to encode multiple streams at multiple resolutions simultaneously. With this single Aussie TV consumption continues while new screen solution, users can quickly, easily, and cost-effectively adoption is uppublish content in multiple containers to multiple
The latest Australian Multi-Screen Report (Q1 2014) content delivery networks (CDNs) at once. In addition
shows that while Australians' take-up of connected to increasing encoding density and reducing the cost per
devices continues to rise, they are also watching more output stream, the AQILIM *SERV/FIT streamlines
broadcast television year-on-year. Although people's provisioning of content to a variety of display devices —
screen habits are evolving, particularly among younger computers, smartphones, tablets, and connected TVs —
people, all major age groups spend the majority of their via over-the-top services.
viewing time watching broadcast TV on in-home sets. In most cases, Australians are using new technologies to
add to or complement their viewing of 'traditional' TV. WBU active in protecting broadcasting spectrum
The use of laptops, tablets and mobile phones for World Broadcasting Unions (WBU) is a conglomerate watching video is increasing but is not the primary of world's eight major broadcasting unions. It has stated activity undertaken on these connected devices.that the use of radio-frequency spectrum by
In Q1 2014 people watched an average of 93 hours and broadcasters remains “an important vehicle for the
16 minutes of broadcast television each month on their efficient and scalable delivery of high-quality media
in-home TVs, up 37 minutes on the same quarter a year content and emergency alerting services to both fixed
earlier. Age groups watching more broadcast TV year-and mobile audiences”. Specifically on DTV, the WBU
on-year include under-12s (an additional 3:29); 18-24s does not support any change to the current spectrum
(+44 minutes); 35-49s (+57 minutes); and people 65+ allocations at UHF frequencies (470 –694/ 698 MHz),
(+11 minutes). 92.2 % of all TV viewing was live-to-air, stating that contiguous spectrum should be allotted in
with 7.8 % 'Playback', that is, viewing of TV content that the bands assigned to the broadcast service to allow for
people record and watch at normal speed within seven the robust delivery of high-quality media content, data
days of original broadcast. Australians' steady take-up and signalling that meets or exceeds the capabilities of
of online devices sees a growing number of people use current fixed and mobile reception and display devices
these technologies to 'multi-task': watch TV and access as well as those that are expected to be deployed in the
the internet simultaneously. 74 per cent of online future. It also does not support any change to the current
Australians aged 16+ said they watch TV while using spectrum allocations at C-band or extended C-band
the internet.satellite distribution frequencies.
Source & Credit: www.nugenaudio.com.
Source & Credit: www.content-technology.com
Source & Credit: www.digigram.com
Source & Credit: www.content-technology.comSource & Credit: (www.content-technology.com)
4K transmission network in Korea
Seoul Broadcasting System in South Korea has opted ITU experts have been studying the harmonization of for a 4K system from Rohde & Schwarz for the spectrum usage to facilitate maximum gain and transmission path of this high-resolution video format. efficiency of short range devices (SRDs) for global The goal of private broadcaster SBS was to broadcast adoption. This is imperative in order to accommodate the FIFA World Cup of 2014 and the soon to follow the explosive growth and cross border proliferation of Asian Games. Among the R&S products used are the SRDs as well as Ultra Wide Band (UWB), which can 'Clipster' mastering station for 4K editing, handling and allow very high data throughput for communications, play out, AVHE100 head-end real-time encoding of 4K high-resolution location and imaging devices. at 60 fps using HEVC and a DVB-T2 gateway, THU9 liquid-cooled high-power transmitter with 5kW and the ETL TV analyser.
Camera Drone follows subjectsITU's governing Council concluded two weeks off
Helico has developed AirDog, the world's first deliberations which focused on the strategic and automated drone designed to track and video outdoor financial plans for the Union for 2016-2019 as well as on sports and activities. Aimed primarily at the consumer inputs to the forthcoming ITU Plenipotentiary market, AirDog is a 'quad-copter' that operates via a Conference, the highest governing body of the Union, to wrist-worn tracking device and accommodates a be held in Busan, Republic of Korea from 20 Oct to 7 standard GoPro sports camera. Users can automatically Nov 2014. ITU Council comprises 48 countries capture aerial video footage and still photography of representing the ITU Membership of 193 States, with themselves, having set distance, speed and height levels over 420 delegates attending.
for the camera unit to follow. Parameters can also be set via a smart
p h o n e a p p . T h e c o m p a n y i s n o w DVB-S2X gets momentumtargeting the outdoor
Following the approval of the DVB-S2X specification 'extreme' sports market
by the DVB last February, many providers of and expects AirDog to
professional satellite transmit and receive equipment be of particular interest
announced their support for the new specification. t o r e c r e a t i o n a l
DVB-S2X offers improved performance and features participants.
for the core applications of DVB-S2, including Direct to Home (DTH), contribution, VSAT and DSNG. Newtec
has announced that their 6000 series (modulators, KBS 4K network to go on air
demodulators) are all The Korean Broadcasting System, South Korea's software upgradeable biggest public service broadcaster, operates a number of to S2X. Customers TV programs, some of which have been broadcast in 4K have been able to order quality in Seoul since April. The project also includes a DVB-S2X equipment 600 W transmitter in DVB-T2 mode, installed on the since NAB2014 and Namsan mountain in the middle of Seoul. Several other product shipments are transmitters will go on air. expected this month.
Novelsat is committed
to supporting all standards including the DVB-S2X standard. Ericsson sees significant interest in DVB-S2X for professional video applications where efficiencies
Explosive growth of short-range radio devices
Source & Credit:http://www.itu.int/net/pressoffice/press_releases/2014/Advisory-10.aspx
Source & Credit: http://www.rohde-schwarz.comITU Council sets stage for Plenipotentiary
Source & Credit:http://www.itu.int/net/pressoffice/press_releases/2014/24.aspx
Source & Credit: http://www.airdog.com/
Source & Credit: www.content-technology.com
April'14 - September’14
62 63April'14 - September’14
Loudness Management Innovation Lift-off for AsiaSat 8
At the IBC, NUGEN Audio showcased several AsiaSat 8 aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 launch vehicle innovations in post-production and broadcast audio successfully lifted off from the Cape tools. The centre-piece is the new DynApt dynamic Canaveral on 5 August. AsiaSat adaptation technology for loudness-compliant audio acquired the first signals from the repurposing. The company will feature version 1.1 of satellite in Hong Kong 54 minutes MultiMonitor, its loudness and true-peak monitoring after launch. Over the next few software application. The unit now offers individual days, the satellite will move into the logging for up to 16 individual loudness and true-peak geostationary orbit. With a design meters — a total of up to 96 mono, stereo, and 5.1 audio life of 15 years, AsiaSat 8 has 24 channels. Ku-band transponders and a Ka-
band payload. The satellite will co-locate with AsiaSat 7 and its Ku-
Video-Over-IP Codec band beams will cover China, India, the Middle East and
Digigram demonstrated the enhanced encoding South East Asia.capabilities of its AQILIM *SERV/FIT IP video codec,
including the ability to encode multiple streams at multiple resolutions simultaneously. With this single Aussie TV consumption continues while new screen solution, users can quickly, easily, and cost-effectively adoption is uppublish content in multiple containers to multiple
The latest Australian Multi-Screen Report (Q1 2014) content delivery networks (CDNs) at once. In addition
shows that while Australians' take-up of connected to increasing encoding density and reducing the cost per
devices continues to rise, they are also watching more output stream, the AQILIM *SERV/FIT streamlines
broadcast television year-on-year. Although people's provisioning of content to a variety of display devices —
screen habits are evolving, particularly among younger computers, smartphones, tablets, and connected TVs —
people, all major age groups spend the majority of their via over-the-top services.
viewing time watching broadcast TV on in-home sets. In most cases, Australians are using new technologies to
add to or complement their viewing of 'traditional' TV. WBU active in protecting broadcasting spectrum
The use of laptops, tablets and mobile phones for World Broadcasting Unions (WBU) is a conglomerate watching video is increasing but is not the primary of world's eight major broadcasting unions. It has stated activity undertaken on these connected devices.that the use of radio-frequency spectrum by
In Q1 2014 people watched an average of 93 hours and broadcasters remains “an important vehicle for the
16 minutes of broadcast television each month on their efficient and scalable delivery of high-quality media
in-home TVs, up 37 minutes on the same quarter a year content and emergency alerting services to both fixed
earlier. Age groups watching more broadcast TV year-and mobile audiences”. Specifically on DTV, the WBU
on-year include under-12s (an additional 3:29); 18-24s does not support any change to the current spectrum
(+44 minutes); 35-49s (+57 minutes); and people 65+ allocations at UHF frequencies (470 –694/ 698 MHz),
(+11 minutes). 92.2 % of all TV viewing was live-to-air, stating that contiguous spectrum should be allotted in
with 7.8 % 'Playback', that is, viewing of TV content that the bands assigned to the broadcast service to allow for
people record and watch at normal speed within seven the robust delivery of high-quality media content, data
days of original broadcast. Australians' steady take-up and signalling that meets or exceeds the capabilities of
of online devices sees a growing number of people use current fixed and mobile reception and display devices
these technologies to 'multi-task': watch TV and access as well as those that are expected to be deployed in the
the internet simultaneously. 74 per cent of online future. It also does not support any change to the current
Australians aged 16+ said they watch TV while using spectrum allocations at C-band or extended C-band
the internet.satellite distribution frequencies.
Source & Credit: www.nugenaudio.com.
Source & Credit: www.content-technology.com
Source & Credit: www.digigram.com
Source & Credit: www.content-technology.comSource & Credit: (www.content-technology.com)
4K transmission network in Korea
Seoul Broadcasting System in South Korea has opted ITU experts have been studying the harmonization of for a 4K system from Rohde & Schwarz for the spectrum usage to facilitate maximum gain and transmission path of this high-resolution video format. efficiency of short range devices (SRDs) for global The goal of private broadcaster SBS was to broadcast adoption. This is imperative in order to accommodate the FIFA World Cup of 2014 and the soon to follow the explosive growth and cross border proliferation of Asian Games. Among the R&S products used are the SRDs as well as Ultra Wide Band (UWB), which can 'Clipster' mastering station for 4K editing, handling and allow very high data throughput for communications, play out, AVHE100 head-end real-time encoding of 4K high-resolution location and imaging devices. at 60 fps using HEVC and a DVB-T2 gateway, THU9 liquid-cooled high-power transmitter with 5kW and the ETL TV analyser.
Camera Drone follows subjectsITU's governing Council concluded two weeks off
Helico has developed AirDog, the world's first deliberations which focused on the strategic and automated drone designed to track and video outdoor financial plans for the Union for 2016-2019 as well as on sports and activities. Aimed primarily at the consumer inputs to the forthcoming ITU Plenipotentiary market, AirDog is a 'quad-copter' that operates via a Conference, the highest governing body of the Union, to wrist-worn tracking device and accommodates a be held in Busan, Republic of Korea from 20 Oct to 7 standard GoPro sports camera. Users can automatically Nov 2014. ITU Council comprises 48 countries capture aerial video footage and still photography of representing the ITU Membership of 193 States, with themselves, having set distance, speed and height levels over 420 delegates attending.
for the camera unit to follow. Parameters can also be set via a smart
p h o n e a p p . T h e c o m p a n y i s n o w DVB-S2X gets momentumtargeting the outdoor
Following the approval of the DVB-S2X specification 'extreme' sports market
by the DVB last February, many providers of and expects AirDog to
professional satellite transmit and receive equipment be of particular interest
announced their support for the new specification. t o r e c r e a t i o n a l
DVB-S2X offers improved performance and features participants.
for the core applications of DVB-S2, including Direct to Home (DTH), contribution, VSAT and DSNG. Newtec
has announced that their 6000 series (modulators, KBS 4K network to go on air
demodulators) are all The Korean Broadcasting System, South Korea's software upgradeable biggest public service broadcaster, operates a number of to S2X. Customers TV programs, some of which have been broadcast in 4K have been able to order quality in Seoul since April. The project also includes a DVB-S2X equipment 600 W transmitter in DVB-T2 mode, installed on the since NAB2014 and Namsan mountain in the middle of Seoul. Several other product shipments are transmitters will go on air. expected this month.
Novelsat is committed
to supporting all standards including the DVB-S2X standard. Ericsson sees significant interest in DVB-S2X for professional video applications where efficiencies
Explosive growth of short-range radio devices
Source & Credit:http://www.itu.int/net/pressoffice/press_releases/2014/Advisory-10.aspx
Source & Credit: http://www.rohde-schwarz.comITU Council sets stage for Plenipotentiary
Source & Credit:http://www.itu.int/net/pressoffice/press_releases/2014/24.aspx
Source & Credit: http://www.airdog.com/
Source & Credit: www.content-technology.com
April'14 - September’14
62 63April'14 - September’14
New MembersNew Members
65
S. No. Name Mem. No. Designation Address
10. Mrs. Anima Das LM 2854 DDG (E) 2nd Mile Sevoke Road, Siliguri , Dist. Darjeeling
11. Mr. J. Srinivasan LM 2855 Asstt. Engineer 15/1, DMC Trichy, Marsingh Pettai Main Road, Beemanagar, Trichy-620001
12. Mr. Sanjeev Kumar Gaur LM 2856 Sr. Engg. Asstt. 1449/181, Street No. 3B , Block-A, Durgapuri, Delhi-93
13. Ms. Varsha Kulkarni LM 2857 Product Specialist 204, Manisha Towers, Rambaug Colony, MIT College Road, Kothrud, Pune-38, Maharashtra
14. Mr. Devidas K. Sudame LM 2858 Service/Asstt. Director(E) Qtr. No. D-3, Akashvani Colony, G.K. Road, Pune-411016, Maharashtra
15. Mr. Kanitkar Guruprasad LM 2859 Broadcast Engineer Off. No. 105, F-Wing, 5th Floor, KK Market, Dhankawadi, Pune- 411043, Maharashtra
16. Mrs. Sangeeta Deepak Upodhye LM 2860 Asstt. Director (E) C 304, Dhanalaxmi Apartments, 373 B&C Shanivar Peth, Pune- 411030 Maharashtra
17. Mr. Harshal Late AM 2861 Dy. Manager 49/420, LIG Housing Society, Near Fire BrigadeSant Tukaram Nagar Pimpri, Pune- 411018 Maharashtra
18. Mr. Krishan Kumar Gupta AM 2862 Engineering Assistant House No. 818/1, Vansh Villa, Kailash Vihar City Center, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh
19. Mr. Walimbe Shripad Padmakar AM 2863 SEA C/o Doordarshan Maintenance Center, AIR Campus, Gandamal, Satara- 415002, Maharashtra
20. Mr. Suresh Kisan Gade AM 2864 Assistant Engineer Doordarshan Relay Kendra , Wakan Road, Karad, Satara-415110, Maharashtra
21. Mr. Akhilesh Kumar Dwivedi AM 2865 Engg. Asstt. 22/C/27, Haldighati Road, Pratap Nagar, Jaipur,Rajasthan
2. Prof. Suresh Kumar Aggarwal LM to LF 1880 Principal, KIIT, College of Engineering , KIIT Campus, Sohna Road (Near Bhondsi) Gurgaon- 122102 Haryana
3. Ms. A. Chitra LM to LF 1644 Dy. Director (Engg.) Doordarshan Maintenance Center, 15, First Floor , Marsinghpettai Main Road, Tiruchirapalli- 620001 Tamilnadu
4. Mr. N. Thiyagarajan LM to LF 1611 Addl. Director General (E) O/o ADG(E)SZ, AIR & Doordarshan, Swami Sivananda Salai, Chennai-600005 Tamilnadu
1 Sh. Vishu Gupta AM 2845 Buisness Manager B-3/112, Paschim Vihar, New Delhi-110063
2 Sh. O.J. Sajan LM 2846 Assistant Engineer Doordarshan Maintenance Center, M.G. Road,Adoor Pathanamthitta (Dist.) - 691523
3 Sh. Suresh Bhimrao Deshpande LM 2847 Dy. Director Engg.(Retd.) AIR & DDF. No. 5, Patel Classic Building, Bhusari Colony, Paod Road, Kothrud Pune-411038 Maharashtra
4 Ms. Diksha Saxena SM 2848 Student C-1651, C-BlockIndira Nagar, Lucknow-226016Uttar Pradesh
5 Ms. Rathnam Tabitha SM 2849 Student BE 2/4, ECEH. No. 1-9-242/A, Ramnagar, Hyderabad-500048 Andhra Pradesh
6 Prof. K. Laxminarayana LF 2850 Proj. Director 1-2-18/103Mohani Mansion, DomalgerdevHyderabad-500029 Andhra Pradesh
7 Dr. S. Suganthi LF 2851 Prof. & Head ECE Dept. Sri Angalamman College of Engg. & Tech SiruganoorTrichy- 621105 Tamilnadu
8 Sh. Dev Kumar Ghosh LM 2852 Dy. Director Engg. E-3/164, Sector-18Rohini, New Delhi-110089
9 Prof. Y.P. Singh LF 2853 Director R.2.E-II/24, New Roshanpura, NajafgarhNew Delhi110043
List of Converted Member
1 Sh. Aman Rajput SM to LM 2544 Dy. Director (ANSO-I) 304/2B, Railway Officers FlatChelmsford Road,New Delhi-110055
that DVB-S2X offers contribution and distribution on each edition of The Brief. operators are tangible. Work Microwave plans to
implement DVB-S2X for their Broadcast Modulator SDM2, and professional IP Modem, SK-IP. Comtech Transmitting Images via DAB+EF Data will support DVB-S2x on consumer and
Dutch public broadcaster NPO is now transmitting commercial IRDs.
images ("slides") via DAB+ on the majority of its Appear TV has confirmed developing technology for programming channels. Since September last, NPO's products that enables S2X for both the modulation and Radio 1 started broadcasting slides and starting May 1 demodulat ion domain. DekTec has a ful l its seven digital radio stations are transmitting slides as implementation of DVB-S2X available now for its test well. The slides show information about the program in modulator DTA-2115, and also in an L-Band receiver progress and news headlines.card. DVB-S2X has been introduced at the same time as
the new efficient HEVC video coding scheme. It is expected that new satellite receivers will combine these New DTH Services in Indonesia on AsiaSat 5two technologies to make the delivery of HD and
VIVA+, a new prepaid direct-to-home (DTH) satellite especially UHD services more efficient. Consumer
service utilising multiple Ku-band transponders on silicon manufacturers are setting their strategy for
AsiaSat 5 at 100.5 degrees East has been launched to implementation in integrated circuits. AltoBeam is
serve the fast-growing Indonesian pay DTH market. committed to S2X and the chip supporting S2X will be
The new offering will initially consist of 2 HD and 35 available early next year. Creonic is currently working
SD channels including 9 World Cup Channels. The on an S2X design. Other silicon manufacturers, such as
package includes a wide range of Indonesian and ST Microelectronics, Broadcom and Sony, are
international television channels, from entertainment, monitoring the market development.
news, sports, to children and religious programmes.
Source & Credit: New Tablet App offers news stories
Satellite Association in Europe launchedABC Innovation launched its new tablet app ' '.
The European Professional Satellite Association Available for free on iOS and coming soon to Android,
(EUsatcom Association), which was launched recently, 'The Brief' will present readers with eight stories each
aims to help EU satellite professionals and companies week, re-imagining ABC content for tablet and
stay up-to-date with the latest developments in the fast delivering a rich immersive experience to audiences.
changing satellite industry, and to offer a European 'The Brief' is part of ABC journey to understand how it
platform for professional and business networking. The can re-imagine and re-purpose ABC's broadcast content
main focus of the association is initiating, stimulating for tablets. The ABC will be inviting audience feedback
and supporting satcom events in Europe, as an ideal platform for knowledge transfer and industry networking.
Source & Credit:
Source & Credit: http://www.abc.net.au/thebrief
Source & Credit: radiomagonline.com
Source & Credit: DVB-S2X page
http://www.EUsatcom.org
www.content-technology.com
The Brief
April'14 - September’14
64April'14 - September’14
New MembersNew Members
65
S. No. Name Mem. No. Designation Address
10. Mrs. Anima Das LM 2854 DDG (E) 2nd Mile Sevoke Road, Siliguri , Dist. Darjeeling
11. Mr. J. Srinivasan LM 2855 Asstt. Engineer 15/1, DMC Trichy, Marsingh Pettai Main Road, Beemanagar, Trichy-620001
12. Mr. Sanjeev Kumar Gaur LM 2856 Sr. Engg. Asstt. 1449/181, Street No. 3B , Block-A, Durgapuri, Delhi-93
13. Ms. Varsha Kulkarni LM 2857 Product Specialist 204, Manisha Towers, Rambaug Colony, MIT College Road, Kothrud, Pune-38, Maharashtra
14. Mr. Devidas K. Sudame LM 2858 Service/Asstt. Director(E) Qtr. No. D-3, Akashvani Colony, G.K. Road, Pune-411016, Maharashtra
15. Mr. Kanitkar Guruprasad LM 2859 Broadcast Engineer Off. No. 105, F-Wing, 5th Floor, KK Market, Dhankawadi, Pune- 411043, Maharashtra
16. Mrs. Sangeeta Deepak Upodhye LM 2860 Asstt. Director (E) C 304, Dhanalaxmi Apartments, 373 B&C Shanivar Peth, Pune- 411030 Maharashtra
17. Mr. Harshal Late AM 2861 Dy. Manager 49/420, LIG Housing Society, Near Fire BrigadeSant Tukaram Nagar Pimpri, Pune- 411018 Maharashtra
18. Mr. Krishan Kumar Gupta AM 2862 Engineering Assistant House No. 818/1, Vansh Villa, Kailash Vihar City Center, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh
19. Mr. Walimbe Shripad Padmakar AM 2863 SEA C/o Doordarshan Maintenance Center, AIR Campus, Gandamal, Satara- 415002, Maharashtra
20. Mr. Suresh Kisan Gade AM 2864 Assistant Engineer Doordarshan Relay Kendra , Wakan Road, Karad, Satara-415110, Maharashtra
21. Mr. Akhilesh Kumar Dwivedi AM 2865 Engg. Asstt. 22/C/27, Haldighati Road, Pratap Nagar, Jaipur,Rajasthan
2. Prof. Suresh Kumar Aggarwal LM to LF 1880 Principal, KIIT, College of Engineering , KIIT Campus, Sohna Road (Near Bhondsi) Gurgaon- 122102 Haryana
3. Ms. A. Chitra LM to LF 1644 Dy. Director (Engg.) Doordarshan Maintenance Center, 15, First Floor , Marsinghpettai Main Road, Tiruchirapalli- 620001 Tamilnadu
4. Mr. N. Thiyagarajan LM to LF 1611 Addl. Director General (E) O/o ADG(E)SZ, AIR & Doordarshan, Swami Sivananda Salai, Chennai-600005 Tamilnadu
1 Sh. Vishu Gupta AM 2845 Buisness Manager B-3/112, Paschim Vihar, New Delhi-110063
2 Sh. O.J. Sajan LM 2846 Assistant Engineer Doordarshan Maintenance Center, M.G. Road,Adoor Pathanamthitta (Dist.) - 691523
3 Sh. Suresh Bhimrao Deshpande LM 2847 Dy. Director Engg.(Retd.) AIR & DDF. No. 5, Patel Classic Building, Bhusari Colony, Paod Road, Kothrud Pune-411038 Maharashtra
4 Ms. Diksha Saxena SM 2848 Student C-1651, C-BlockIndira Nagar, Lucknow-226016Uttar Pradesh
5 Ms. Rathnam Tabitha SM 2849 Student BE 2/4, ECEH. No. 1-9-242/A, Ramnagar, Hyderabad-500048 Andhra Pradesh
6 Prof. K. Laxminarayana LF 2850 Proj. Director 1-2-18/103Mohani Mansion, DomalgerdevHyderabad-500029 Andhra Pradesh
7 Dr. S. Suganthi LF 2851 Prof. & Head ECE Dept. Sri Angalamman College of Engg. & Tech SiruganoorTrichy- 621105 Tamilnadu
8 Sh. Dev Kumar Ghosh LM 2852 Dy. Director Engg. E-3/164, Sector-18Rohini, New Delhi-110089
9 Prof. Y.P. Singh LF 2853 Director R.2.E-II/24, New Roshanpura, NajafgarhNew Delhi110043
List of Converted Member
1 Sh. Aman Rajput SM to LM 2544 Dy. Director (ANSO-I) 304/2B, Railway Officers FlatChelmsford Road,New Delhi-110055
that DVB-S2X offers contribution and distribution on each edition of The Brief. operators are tangible. Work Microwave plans to
implement DVB-S2X for their Broadcast Modulator SDM2, and professional IP Modem, SK-IP. Comtech Transmitting Images via DAB+EF Data will support DVB-S2x on consumer and
Dutch public broadcaster NPO is now transmitting commercial IRDs.
images ("slides") via DAB+ on the majority of its Appear TV has confirmed developing technology for programming channels. Since September last, NPO's products that enables S2X for both the modulation and Radio 1 started broadcasting slides and starting May 1 demodulat ion domain. DekTec has a ful l its seven digital radio stations are transmitting slides as implementation of DVB-S2X available now for its test well. The slides show information about the program in modulator DTA-2115, and also in an L-Band receiver progress and news headlines.card. DVB-S2X has been introduced at the same time as
the new efficient HEVC video coding scheme. It is expected that new satellite receivers will combine these New DTH Services in Indonesia on AsiaSat 5two technologies to make the delivery of HD and
VIVA+, a new prepaid direct-to-home (DTH) satellite especially UHD services more efficient. Consumer
service utilising multiple Ku-band transponders on silicon manufacturers are setting their strategy for
AsiaSat 5 at 100.5 degrees East has been launched to implementation in integrated circuits. AltoBeam is
serve the fast-growing Indonesian pay DTH market. committed to S2X and the chip supporting S2X will be
The new offering will initially consist of 2 HD and 35 available early next year. Creonic is currently working
SD channels including 9 World Cup Channels. The on an S2X design. Other silicon manufacturers, such as
package includes a wide range of Indonesian and ST Microelectronics, Broadcom and Sony, are
international television channels, from entertainment, monitoring the market development.
news, sports, to children and religious programmes.
Source & Credit: New Tablet App offers news stories
Satellite Association in Europe launchedABC Innovation launched its new tablet app ' '.
The European Professional Satellite Association Available for free on iOS and coming soon to Android,
(EUsatcom Association), which was launched recently, 'The Brief' will present readers with eight stories each
aims to help EU satellite professionals and companies week, re-imagining ABC content for tablet and
stay up-to-date with the latest developments in the fast delivering a rich immersive experience to audiences.
changing satellite industry, and to offer a European 'The Brief' is part of ABC journey to understand how it
platform for professional and business networking. The can re-imagine and re-purpose ABC's broadcast content
main focus of the association is initiating, stimulating for tablets. The ABC will be inviting audience feedback
and supporting satcom events in Europe, as an ideal platform for knowledge transfer and industry networking.
Source & Credit:
Source & Credit: http://www.abc.net.au/thebrief
Source & Credit: radiomagonline.com
Source & Credit: DVB-S2X page
http://www.EUsatcom.org
www.content-technology.com
The Brief
April'14 - September’14
64April'14 - September’14
Corporate MembersCorporate Members
Mem. No. Name Address
28. LCM-30 M/s Doordarshan Doordarshan Bhavan, Copernicus Marg, New Delhi-110001
29. LCM-31 M/s Silicon Graphics Systems (I)(P)Ltd. 228 Udog Vihar Phase-1, Gurgaon
30. LCM-32 M/s Essel Shyam Communication Ltd FC-20, Sector 16 A, Noida-201301
31. LCM-33 M/s All India Radio Directorate General, Akashvani Bhavan, Sansad Marg, New Delhi-1
32. LCM-34 M/s The IEI Delhi State Centre Engineers Bhavan, Bahadur Shar Zafar Marg, New Delhi-2
33. LCM-37 M/s Trans World Radio- South Asia L-15, Green Park, New Delhi-110016
34. LCM-38 M/s Kathrein India Pvt. Ltd. 4-B-4. Industry Manor, 3rd Floor, A.S.M. Marg, Prabha Devi, Mumbai-25.
35. LCM-39 M/s Arraycom (India) Limited B-13, 13/1 & 14, GIDC, Electronics Estate, Sector 25, Gandhinagar, Gujarat
36. LCM-40 M/s Sun Broadcast Equipments Pvt. Ltd. 3/31, 3rd Floor, West Patel Nagar, New Delhi-110008
37. LCM-41 M/s Diksaat Transworld Ltd. No. 12, Balia Avenue, Luz Mylapore, Chennai-600004
38. LCM-42 M/s Qualcomm India Pvt. Ltd. 3rd Floor, DLF Centre, Sansad Marg, New Delhi-110001
39. LCM-43 M/s. Monarch Computers Pvt. Ltd. Monarch House, Royal Palms, Aarey Milk Colony, Goregaon (E) Mumbai-400065
40. LCM-44 M/s. Setron India Private Limited E-2 Greater Kailash Enclave-1 New Delhi-110048
41. LCM-45 M/s. Global Institute of Technology Sitapur Jaipur-302022
42. LCM-46 M/s. Institute of Management Studies A-8B IMS Campus Sector-62 Noida Uttar Pradesh-201303
43. LCM-47 M/s. A. V. Institute of Technology Vinayaka Mission University OMR, Vinayaka Nagar, Paiyanoor Tamilnadu-603104
67
Corporate MembersCorporate Members
Mem. No. Name Address
1. LCM-01 M/s AKG Acoustics (India) Ltd. Kamal Cinema Building, Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi-110029
2. LCM-02 M/s Telematics Systems Ltd. Mount Poonamallee Road, Nandambakkam, Chennai- 600 089
3. LCM-03 M/s Electronics Corpn.of Tamilnadu Ltd. LLA Buildings, 735, Anna Salai, Chennai- 600 002
4. LCM-04 M/s Hinditron Tektronix Inst.Ltd. No.5, Crescent Road, High Grounds, Bangalore - 560 001
5. LCM-05 M/s Rohde & Schwarz Liaison Office India, 244, Okhla Industrial Estate, Phase-III, New Delhi - 110 020
6. LCM-06 M/s Maharashtra Elects.Corpn.Ltd. D-26, South Extension, Part-I, New Delhi-110049
7. LCM-07 M/s Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. Gurunanak Foundation Building, 15-16, Qutab Institutional Area, New Delhi - 110 067
8. CM-09 M/s Acoustics Engineers 'VASANT' 1286 A, Shivajinagar, Opp.Balgandharava Rangmandir, Pune - 411 005
9. LCM-10 M/s Gujarat Commns. & Elect.Ltd. G.I.D.C Industrial Estate, Makarpura, Vadodara - 390 010
10. LCM-15 M/s Comcon Industries S-54, Functional Industrial, Estate for Electronics, Okhla Phase-II, New Delhi - 110 020
11. LCM-19 M/s Satcom Electronics (P) Ltd. 33, B.R.B. Bose Road, 2nd Floor, Calcutta-700001
12. LCM-21 M/s Army Headquarter Signal Regiment, 1, Army Headquarter, Signal Regiment, Signals Enclave, New Delhi-110010
13. LCM-35 M/s Benchmark Microsystems Pvt. Ltd. No.140,Greater Kailash-I, New Delhi-110048
14. CM-36 M/s Bharat Electronics Ltd Jalahalli, Bangalore-560013
15. CM-25 M/s Visual Tech. India PVT.LTD. A-1, First floor, lajpat Nagar-II, New Delhi-110024.
16. LCM-08 M/s Webel Mediatronics Ltd. P-1, Taratala Road, Calcutta - 700 088
17. LCM-11 M/s Hindustan Photo Films Co.Ltd. Indu Nagar, Ooty, Tamilnadu-643006.
18. LCM-14 M/s Broadcast Equipments(I) P.Ltd. 370-371/2, First Floor, Hospital Road, Jangpura, New Delhi-14
19. LCM-16 M/s R & S Electronics A-1-24, Ghanshyam Ind. Estate, Veera Desai Road, Andheri (West), Mumbai-400053
20. LCM-17 M/s Swati Industries Z-40, Okhala Industrial Area, Phase-II, New Delhi-110020
21. LCM-20 M/s Elect. Corpn. of India Ltd. ECIL Post, Hyderabad-500062
22. LCM-23 M/s BECIL B-1, Sector 31, Noida-201301
23. LCM-24 M/s AVF Distributors (I) PVT. LTD. 208 and 12 jagani Ind. Comp., Near ATI, Chunabhatti, Mumbai-400022.
24. LCM-26 M/s Cinecita Comoptronics Ind. Pvt. Ltd Parijat House 3rd floor, 1076, off. pr. E. moses Road, Worli, Mumbai-400018
25. LCM-27 M/s Studio Systems Sangeeta Aptts. Bldg. 6-C,Flat No. 5. Ground Floor, Behind Lido Cinema, Juhu Road, Mumbai-400049
26. LCM-28 M/s Canara Lighting Industries Ltd. Bata Compound Khopet, Pokhran Road No. 1, Thane-400601
27. LCM-29 M/s AGIV (India) Pvt. Ltd. SION Chunabhatti Road, Mumbai-400022
66April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
Corporate MembersCorporate Members
Mem. No. Name Address
28. LCM-30 M/s Doordarshan Doordarshan Bhavan, Copernicus Marg, New Delhi-110001
29. LCM-31 M/s Silicon Graphics Systems (I)(P)Ltd. 228 Udog Vihar Phase-1, Gurgaon
30. LCM-32 M/s Essel Shyam Communication Ltd FC-20, Sector 16 A, Noida-201301
31. LCM-33 M/s All India Radio Directorate General, Akashvani Bhavan, Sansad Marg, New Delhi-1
32. LCM-34 M/s The IEI Delhi State Centre Engineers Bhavan, Bahadur Shar Zafar Marg, New Delhi-2
33. LCM-37 M/s Trans World Radio- South Asia L-15, Green Park, New Delhi-110016
34. LCM-38 M/s Kathrein India Pvt. Ltd. 4-B-4. Industry Manor, 3rd Floor, A.S.M. Marg, Prabha Devi, Mumbai-25.
35. LCM-39 M/s Arraycom (India) Limited B-13, 13/1 & 14, GIDC, Electronics Estate, Sector 25, Gandhinagar, Gujarat
36. LCM-40 M/s Sun Broadcast Equipments Pvt. Ltd. 3/31, 3rd Floor, West Patel Nagar, New Delhi-110008
37. LCM-41 M/s Diksaat Transworld Ltd. No. 12, Balia Avenue, Luz Mylapore, Chennai-600004
38. LCM-42 M/s Qualcomm India Pvt. Ltd. 3rd Floor, DLF Centre, Sansad Marg, New Delhi-110001
39. LCM-43 M/s. Monarch Computers Pvt. Ltd. Monarch House, Royal Palms, Aarey Milk Colony, Goregaon (E) Mumbai-400065
40. LCM-44 M/s. Setron India Private Limited E-2 Greater Kailash Enclave-1 New Delhi-110048
41. LCM-45 M/s. Global Institute of Technology Sitapur Jaipur-302022
42. LCM-46 M/s. Institute of Management Studies A-8B IMS Campus Sector-62 Noida Uttar Pradesh-201303
43. LCM-47 M/s. A. V. Institute of Technology Vinayaka Mission University OMR, Vinayaka Nagar, Paiyanoor Tamilnadu-603104
67
Corporate MembersCorporate Members
Mem. No. Name Address
1. LCM-01 M/s AKG Acoustics (India) Ltd. Kamal Cinema Building, Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi-110029
2. LCM-02 M/s Telematics Systems Ltd. Mount Poonamallee Road, Nandambakkam, Chennai- 600 089
3. LCM-03 M/s Electronics Corpn.of Tamilnadu Ltd. LLA Buildings, 735, Anna Salai, Chennai- 600 002
4. LCM-04 M/s Hinditron Tektronix Inst.Ltd. No.5, Crescent Road, High Grounds, Bangalore - 560 001
5. LCM-05 M/s Rohde & Schwarz Liaison Office India, 244, Okhla Industrial Estate, Phase-III, New Delhi - 110 020
6. LCM-06 M/s Maharashtra Elects.Corpn.Ltd. D-26, South Extension, Part-I, New Delhi-110049
7. LCM-07 M/s Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. Gurunanak Foundation Building, 15-16, Qutab Institutional Area, New Delhi - 110 067
8. CM-09 M/s Acoustics Engineers 'VASANT' 1286 A, Shivajinagar, Opp.Balgandharava Rangmandir, Pune - 411 005
9. LCM-10 M/s Gujarat Commns. & Elect.Ltd. G.I.D.C Industrial Estate, Makarpura, Vadodara - 390 010
10. LCM-15 M/s Comcon Industries S-54, Functional Industrial, Estate for Electronics, Okhla Phase-II, New Delhi - 110 020
11. LCM-19 M/s Satcom Electronics (P) Ltd. 33, B.R.B. Bose Road, 2nd Floor, Calcutta-700001
12. LCM-21 M/s Army Headquarter Signal Regiment, 1, Army Headquarter, Signal Regiment, Signals Enclave, New Delhi-110010
13. LCM-35 M/s Benchmark Microsystems Pvt. Ltd. No.140,Greater Kailash-I, New Delhi-110048
14. CM-36 M/s Bharat Electronics Ltd Jalahalli, Bangalore-560013
15. CM-25 M/s Visual Tech. India PVT.LTD. A-1, First floor, lajpat Nagar-II, New Delhi-110024.
16. LCM-08 M/s Webel Mediatronics Ltd. P-1, Taratala Road, Calcutta - 700 088
17. LCM-11 M/s Hindustan Photo Films Co.Ltd. Indu Nagar, Ooty, Tamilnadu-643006.
18. LCM-14 M/s Broadcast Equipments(I) P.Ltd. 370-371/2, First Floor, Hospital Road, Jangpura, New Delhi-14
19. LCM-16 M/s R & S Electronics A-1-24, Ghanshyam Ind. Estate, Veera Desai Road, Andheri (West), Mumbai-400053
20. LCM-17 M/s Swati Industries Z-40, Okhala Industrial Area, Phase-II, New Delhi-110020
21. LCM-20 M/s Elect. Corpn. of India Ltd. ECIL Post, Hyderabad-500062
22. LCM-23 M/s BECIL B-1, Sector 31, Noida-201301
23. LCM-24 M/s AVF Distributors (I) PVT. LTD. 208 and 12 jagani Ind. Comp., Near ATI, Chunabhatti, Mumbai-400022.
24. LCM-26 M/s Cinecita Comoptronics Ind. Pvt. Ltd Parijat House 3rd floor, 1076, off. pr. E. moses Road, Worli, Mumbai-400018
25. LCM-27 M/s Studio Systems Sangeeta Aptts. Bldg. 6-C,Flat No. 5. Ground Floor, Behind Lido Cinema, Juhu Road, Mumbai-400049
26. LCM-28 M/s Canara Lighting Industries Ltd. Bata Compound Khopet, Pokhran Road No. 1, Thane-400601
27. LCM-29 M/s AGIV (India) Pvt. Ltd. SION Chunabhatti Road, Mumbai-400022
66April'14 - September’14 April'14 - September’14
68
Obituary
Shri N.K. Trivedi former Engineer-in-Chief All India Radio & Doordarshan breathed his last on 18.09.2014 at Kailash Hospital, Noida.
Shri Trivedi has been founder member of Broadcast Engineering Society (India) and also signed the Memorandum of Articles for the formation of BES(I). He was also the first Hon. Secretary of BES(I) from the year 1989 to 1991. He has been awarded by "Life Time Achievement Award" in the year 2007. He has also been Chairman, BES Review Committee, responsible for the quarterly BES Journal. He had worked in various capacities in All India Radio in Project and Maintenance and attained the post of Engineer-in-Chief, All India Radio. He had a long stretch at Broadcasting House, AIR New Delhi and Research Department AIR & Doordarshan too. Shri Trivedi is known for his exemplary leadership qualities, honesty and upright approach.
Broadcast Engineering Society(India) prays to almighty that May God rest the departed soul in peace and give strength to the family members to bear this great loss.
April'14 - September’14