electrolysis of molten compoundselectrolysis of molten compounds

an electrolyte is an ionic compound that conducts electricity; molten state or solution in water

molten ionic compounds and solutions of ionic compounds can conduct electricity due to presence of mobile ions that can carry current

electrolysis is the conduction of electricity by an electrolyte, leading to its decomposition

example: electrolysis of molten sodium chloride

inert electrodes (e.g. carbon electrodes) do not react in electrolysis

an electrolyte is an ionic compound that conducts electricity; molten state or solution in water

molten ionic compounds and solutions of ionic compounds can conduct electricity due to presence of mobile ions that can carry current

electrolysis is the conduction of electricity by an electrolyte, leading to its decomposition

example: electrolysis of molten sodium chloride

inert electrodes (e.g. carbon electrodes) do not react in electrolysis


electrolysis of molten sodium chlorideelectrolysis of molten sodium chloride

battery ammeter to show current

flowing

porcelain crucible

pipeclay triangle

tripod

HEAT STRONGLY

molten sodium chloride

- +

carbon anode; attracts anions; oxidation

carbon cathode; attracts cations; reduction


at the anode, Cl- ions give away electrons to become Cl2; Cl- ions are discharged

Na+(l) + e Na(l)

molten sodium chloride contains Na+ and Cl- ions at the cathode, Na+ ions take in electrons to become Na

atoms; Na+ ions are discharged

2Cl-(l) Cl2(g) + 2e-

overall reaction

2NaCl(l) 2Na(l) + Cl2(g)




molecules of chlorine gas

produced

chloride ion gives electron

to anode

chlorine atom

electrons flow from anode into battery

anodecathode

sodium ion takes electron from cathode

sodium atom

sodium metal produced

electrons flow from battery into cathode

sodium ion attracted to cathode

chloride ion attracted to anode


electrolysis of other molten compoundselectrolysis of other molten compounds when a molten ionic compound is electrolysed, metal is

produced at the cathode; non-metal is produced at the anode

when a molten ionic compound is electrolysed, metal is produced at the cathode; non-metal is produced at the anode

Molten ElectrolyteMolten Electrolyte Product at Product at CathodeCathode Product at AnodeProduct at Anode

calcium chloride, CaCl2 calcium, Ca chlorine, Cl2

sodium iodide, NaI sodium, Na iodine, I2

lead(II) oxide, PbO lead, Pb oxygen, O2

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