Contemporary Industry

Tutor: Nigel Bertram

Elective Pamphlets

1A study of contemporary industrial structures and their urban contexts.

Contents01. Subdivision Michael Hubbard02. Ware-house Anna Jankovic03. New small industrial block Don Kong Wah Fu04. Industrial terrace Riccardo Buelli05. One steel Nicolas Pratt06. Super warehouse Sethy You07. Industrial landscape Paulo de Costa08. Warehouse storage systems Ariana Belleli09. Industrial urbanity Elena Covili10. Traditional industrial complex Don Kong Wah Fu 11. Suburban industrial block Jit Loh

Location Map

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Sethy Don

RiccardoAnnaElenaMichael

Paulo

1. subdivisionMichael Hubbard

Eastlink runs through existing agri-cultural farmland. A new industrial estate springs up, effi ciency in con-struction means farmland becomes industry in a short period of time. Nature and history still have their parts to play, dictating the layout of lots and location of roads. Prime factory real estate creeps towards a newly created residential estate. Soon they will meet. An ease-ment buffer has been created at the interface.

What happens when they intersect?

Carrum DownsYear: 2000

Carrum DownsYear: 1960 (assumed)

Carrum DownsYear: 2009

Carrum DownsYear: 2011(assumed)

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Factory/ Residential Estate Interfaces

1. factory: street: factory

2. residence: street: residence

3. residence: fence: factory

4. factory: fence: factory

1. factory: street: factory

2. residence: street: residence

3. residence: fence: factory

4. factory: fence: factory

Existing Carrum Downs Industrial Estate

Existing Carrum Downs Housing Estate

Small factory lots with attached show-rooms replace larger scale factories. Factories are not just used for produc-tion but as offi ces and showrooms. Gated fences secure each lot. Manu-facturers, Wholesalers, Distributers and Accountants share the footpaths, lakes and bbq areas. Vegetation softens the concrete panels.

House facades open to the street, Fences only exist between side boundaries. Shrubs are beginning to grow. Cars dominate front yards.Kids hide behind curtains.

Carrum Downs Alternate Estate Proposal

Subdivision Easements

Can factories and houses coexist on the same street?A factory lot: - Front facade, - Street setback, - Tree height, - Open Areais 1.5 times the size of a housing lot.Lightpoles, cars, driveways and people are constant.A factory operates from 7am-4pm.A house operates 6-9am, 5-10pm.Opportunities are endless.

An easement buffer is created to give the residents perceived space?A wasted opportunity!

2. ware-houseAnna Jankovic

The duplex warehouse is one of many variations in the industrial park. No longer are businesses limiting themselves to the commonly large end of industry, they are now preparing for the everyday consumer to interact with their process of moving goods. The source is now the point of purchase.

These sheds dont just store product anymore, they are a hub for selling. Likewise the facades of these buildings now take on a small scale aesthetic, dare we say a domestic scale. The warehouse/offi ce hybrid has many characteristic that we associate with a more urban condition;

standard windows, staircases, kitchens and amenities, and the garage door. The duplex model is analogous to terrace houses of old and utilises the idea of a shared public space, the front yard. Where the party wall was once made of bricks and mortar, it now takes the form of a concrete panel.

Site plan - Duplex Warehouse (A)1:5000

10 20 m0

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A. Duplex Warehouse with shared yard1:500

B. Duplex Warehouse with separate yards1:500

The single volume warehouses vary considerably in scale. This model appears frequently throughout the Eastlink Business Park, yet its modes of use vary from storage to manufacture, all at a relatively small scale for fl exibility fo movement. The tilt construction now works with panels horizontally stacked to support the increased roof span. While similar to the Duplex warehouse a front-of-house offi ce unit acts as the public zone for the building, where contemporary commercial industry thrives.

Site plan - Double Warehouse (C)1:5000

10 20 m0

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Internal Detail

C. Double Warehouse 1:500Warehouse in construction

The site is located at 10 Ordish Road, Dandenong South which is beside the new Eastlink freeway.There is a new estate of industrial blocks under construction now. The total dimen-sion of this site is about 88 meters deep and 30 meters wide. It is a small twins block in the industrial estate.

It shows a common typology of small/medium industrial buildings around East-link. The industrial buildings there have a similar confi guration: A small offi ce block attaches to a huge warehouse. The differ-ence can be defi ned by treatment of the exterior faade. The colourful glass wall with formal entrance and landscaping for guests and staff entrance are at the front. Another large roller shutter access is for trucks, directly beside the offi ce entrance.

There are different textures and colour tones, and different layouts and design intentions for the offi ce portion and the warehouse. It seems that they are two different buildings, with no response or coherence in faade design between offi ce portion and warehouse.

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3. new small industrial block Don Kong Wah FU

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Plan

North Elevation

SectionEast Elevation

The white block is the connection between offi ce and warehouse The image shows the building under construction

The white block is the connection between offi ce and warehouse

Offi ce portion and warehouse can be defi ned by their faade treatments

The metal structural system and services ducts can be seen in the interior of warehouse. Another access between offi ce and warehouse can be found for the management and operation between the offi ce staff and worker.

Steel portal-frame structure provides a huge fl exible empty space and services ducts can be seen in the interior of the warehouse.

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The building is set at the

corner of Dandenong

Road and Wedge Road in

Carrum Downs.

Like a typical indus-

trial building it presents

a rectangular shape made

by concrete panels (they

are set around a steel

structure) and low-pitched

gable roof; but like a

typically one we see that

the space inside is divided

into seven rooms (instead

of having a sole space for

a single activity) that are

used for the most differ-

ent commercial activities

such as furniture show-

room, storage of water

tanks, Indian shop.

That is the reason why

this building can be con-

sidered like a hybrid be-

tween industrial shed and

a commercial strip-: The

inside, in fact, reminds us

of the usual subdivision of

street facing commercial

blocks, (even if in this

case its different because

you cant see the inter-

nal partitions from the

outside) while the outside

is clearly connected and

related to the typical

industrial architecture

of Carrum Downs.

4. industrial terrace

scale 1 : 10 000

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BOUNDARY ROAD

WEDGE ROAD

view of the building

Riccardo Buelli

Dandenong Road, Carrum Downs.

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south elevation

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north elevation

section AA

section BB

back building view

trucks area

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Render: 3d explosed

The image show the internal struc-

ture of the building: concrete walls

and steel beams.

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image 1: module

image 2: half module

north elevation

Render: north elevation

The typical unit (module) of

this object consists of a slice

of the building that goes

from the north elevation to

the south. As we can see

from the image the struc-

ture includes two concrete

walls, and a steel beam set

between the walls

The smallest room is made

by one half of the module.

The elements presented in

this space are the same of

the typical one but they are

cut in the middle.

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Render: internal view

internal view: commercial

The repetition of the small-

est unit recreates the module

but instead of having a

single space (like in the

! rst image) we can see two

separated area that are used

for different activities.

image 3: divided module

image 4: building

The result of the repeti-

tion of these elements is a

building that hides (from the

outside) its internal subdivi-

sions.

Utilized for the production, storage and dispatch of steel, this building is a highly customized machine. Built around a series of 3-axis cranes, which inhabit both the entire building and some back of house areas, the steel structure relies upon and supports the mobile cranes. With a central loading strip for truck entry and thoroughfare standing out in its red colouring, the internal components of this machine rely upon distinguishing colours for the safer use of the cranes and internal transportation.

Every detail of the structure is customized to allow for full crane mobility and accessibility.

With very little external features, other than a front truck weigh station, this building is very inwardly focused, determined to fully support the needs of truck pick-up and dispatch.

Located next to the newly fi nished Eastlink freeway, this building is in a prime position to effi ciently accomplish its goal of a streamlined steel production and delivery process.

5. one steelNicolas Pratt

1:10,000

1:1,000

Northern Section

Plan

Storage yard Warehouse Entry

Offi ce

Northen Elevation

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Exploded Perspective

Crane Bracing. The crane structure is supported from the buildings primary structure. This brac-ing is mirrored on either side of the central truck thoroughfare to avoid blocking passing vehicles.

Internal View

Primary structure and C-purlin. The steel portal-frame structure plateaus at the peaks of the roof line. C-purlins rest between the primary steel beams and the colorbond roof. Small L braces assist in the beam to purlin join at every 4th C-purlin.

Cross Bracing. Tertiary cross bracing is applied between steel columns in front of the colorbond skin of the building. This skin is attached to hori-zontal steel girts attached to the primary beams.

Crane Structure Alterations. Across and above the internal road, the primary crane structure is thickened. This is due to a greater span between beams either side of the road, than usually found within the rest of the structure.

External View

Secondary Cross Bracing. Steel L bracing is ap-plied is segments between columns throughout the building. In this drawing both a regular cross brace is applied, as is a customized brace to allow machinery to fi t underneath.

Crane System. The multi-axial cranes are mobile in three directions. The cranes themselves span between columns in a lengthways direction, two spanning cranes between each row of columns. These spans move width ways across the build-ing.

Crane System. On top of the spanning crane, smaller units (in which the crane chain is located) sit which release or contract the chain to lift or drop accompanying steel. These units also move along the structure on which they rest.

Drainage and support system. Downpipes are located in segments on every second row of col-umns, where the roof points are at their lowest. C-purlin bracing is customised to accommodate the downpipes.

Internal RenderExternal Render

Located in South Park In-dustrial Estate, at 230 - 240 South Park Drive Dande-nong South, this industrial building currently under construction will serve as the warehouse and offi ce for a packaging company called Restore. The building is 230m x 90m excluding two external offi ces and a cafe on the land of 270m x 130m. Approximate height is 9m to eave and 9.9m to ridge.

It is an example of the mega-size contemporary in-dustrial building constructed to maximize storage vol-ume. Its large width requires only one middle row of steel columns to support which creates not only a large stor-age volume but also easy movement of trucks, cranes as well as stock replace-ment. According to the con-struction team supervisor, this 20,700 m2 warehouse, and approximately 1,800 m2 offi ces and cafe take about 5 to 6 months to construct and costs about $11 million (average $488/m2).

6. Super WarehouseSethy You

Overall building structure which can be divided into roof structure, wall structure, docks structure, and offi ces. Noticeably, roof beams can span 45 m that allows designer to use only 3 rows of columns to support whole structure.

Plan

East elevation

West elevation

Section

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warehouse

offi ce

offi ce

Cafe

Interior structure showing skylights, fi refi ghting pipes undeneath roof structure, internal offi ce and large storage space.

The design of this type of contemporary structure incorporates the offi ce and display room with the warehouse where part of the offi ce/display room is footed in the warehouse perimeter and the other part is located outside the warehouse, connected with a door. It is a convinient way of shortening business transection as costumers can order and get immediate service deliveries after visiting display room.

The interesting sustainable design approaches of the warehouse are the effective capture of natural light and the recycling of rain water. The warehouse captures the majority of natural light through its hundreds of skylights which result in the minimal use of artifi cial light. A large round rain water tank is installed outside at the front of the warehouse and is connected to the fi re service pipes (red coloured pipes) in an array beneath the roof structure. These pipes also work as roof bridgings. The creation makes this building unique from other visited contemporary industry buildings.

There are four loading docks constructed at the front of the warehouse. Two docks are designed for unloading goods where trucks are allowed to drive into the warehouse through the 4m wide x 4.5m high roller doors. The other two docks are designed for uploading the goods where there is an adjustable lifter to load the goods into different sized trucks. Trucks enter to upload goods via a sloped driveway excavated 1m into the ground. This design allows for a convenient method to upload goods because it does not need to be lifted up by cranes in order to be loaded into the trucks i.e. goods just need to be put onto rolling lifters at ground level of the warehouse in order to load them into a truck.

The approach taken to analyse and design the industrial structure(s) is based in the concept of looking into a broader area of the site and then looking into a very close detailed structure. Site conditions such as easement and green areas have infl uenced tremendous the outcome of the design resolution.

The site is industrial in the middle of vast green fi elds, very low in density, with very few transport roots, and no public transport access.The site also has an easement (William Angliss Native Grassland reserve) which regulates the order of its surrounding infrastructures such as the warehouses, roads etc. therefore there is this monolithic fl ow of structure fl owing in the same angle and direction.

7. industrial-landscapePaulo Da Costa

photo taken at laverton north showing easement (glassland reserve)at the forground and industustial ware-house at the background

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Site context - easement regulating the order of its surrounding infrastructure, and green fi eld. It is a low density site, with a contrast between the defi ned buildings and the very subtle vast land with an easement.

1:75000 510000 1020000 m CONTEXT PLAN

AERIAL VIEW - SHOWING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BUILDING IN CONNECTION WITH THE EASEMENT AND GREEN

AERIAL VIEW

EYE LEVEL VIEW

AERIAL VIEW

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EAST ELEVATION

WEST ELEVATION

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SITE / GROUND FLOOR PLAN

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As the demands on the industry

continue to escalate, the need for

fast, accurate storage, handling and

distribution is becoming increas-

ingly critical to warehouse per-

formance. This pamphlet analyses

the storage system in a precedent

warehouse and looks at the particu-

lar elements of the system design

that makes the building function

more productively and protably.

The subject warehouse is located at

27 Koornany Road Scoresby and

has been selected as a precedent

because it uses a generic storage

system that can be integrated into

most warehouse buildings with

similar programs.

7. warehouse storage systems Ariana Belleli S3083134Ariana Belleli8.

Furntree Gully Road

Koornang R

oad

Storage >Pallet Racking

This particular type of pallet rack storage system provides access to every pallet and is

adjustable and adaptable. The storage density is low, 35 % of floor space used and 25 %

cubic space used on average. Stock is stored on racks with bar codes. Each isle and bar

code is linked to stock levels stored on the computer system. When stock is removed

from the racks, the bar code is scanned and information is sent to the computer.

The base system consists of two steel upright members joined together by bolted

bracing. Beams run horizontal and are load bearing members that slot into the upright

members

Storage >Raised

The warehouse uses a raised storage

system whereby extra floor space is

added within the shell of the exist-

ing building. The raised storage area

creates a separate zone that is used

for slow moving stock. The space

beneath the structure is used for pick

face shelving

Pick Face

The pick face design is similar the pallet rack

system. However, the pick face beams are lighter

weight and carry a lesser load. Staff members fol-

low electronic computer instructions that appear

on a hand held scanner. It tells them what isle and

row to collect the product from. Once the prod-

uct is removed from shelf is scanned. The data is

undated in computer system for stock levels

Packaging >Benches

All the small parts needed to complete the pack-

aging stage is neatly stored in the bench. The

benches are located next to the conveyor belt and

boxes placed on the conveyor belt to be rolled

through a check-out scanner and sent to the

loading bay

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scale 1:10000Carrum Downs site plan

9. industrial urbanity Elena Covili

Carrum Downs, sometimes

known as Botany Park, is a

suburb of Melbourne, Victo-

ria, Australia.

Carrum Downs is central

to the most popular Mel-

bourne suburbs and it is

situated approximately 45

kilometres south east of the

CBD. In recent years Carrum

Downs has seen the growth

of numerous industrial areas,

characterized by the same

simple urban structure.

Data_

_total area: 152000 m

_building: 223740 m

_unpaved: 974520 m

_paved: 242850 m

_private areas: 149050 m

_streets : 93800 m

Percentages_

_total area: 100%

_building: 15%

_unpaved: 67%

_paved: 18%

_private areas: 8%

_streets : 10%

_building

_unpaved areas

_paved areas

Carrum Dawns

Legend

spaces between industrial buildings

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spaces between industrial buildings

Fiorano Modenese is a small

town of 16500 inhabitants in

the north of Italy, near Mode-

na (in Emilia Romagna).

It is one of the most impor-

tant centres for the ceramic

tiles trade, which had a huge

growth beginnig from 1960s.

The government tried to

regulate this urban increase

but during recent times the ex-

pansion has been uncontrolled

and the area is characterized

by a confused and disorgan-

ized urban structure with dif-

ferent buildings typologies.

Data_

_total area: 152000 m

_building: 512955 m

_unpaved: 355080 m

_paved: 665425 m

_private areas: 565960 m

_streets : 99465 m

Percentages_

_total area: 100%

_building: 33%

_unpaved: 23%

_paved: 44%

_private areas: 37.5%

_streets : 6.5%

_ building

_ unpaved areas

_ paved areas

Fiorano Modenese

Legend

scale 1:10000Fioranos site plan

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street space character

give the perception to stay

into a tiny area, structured

like a village, all compart-

mentalised by fences and

with an almost cute atten-

tion to the green areas.

The simple urban

structure is due to

the combination of dif-

ferent individual blocks

systems and the semplicity

of the area is the result

of the iteration of the same

bare typology, which

includes saddle roof and

roo! ights.

Carrum downs provides a

simple, repetitive struc-

ture, in which you can

perhaps recognize a small

town or suburbs emphasis

on the individual lot di-

mensions, uses of the space

and buildings typologies

Carrum Downs_ street view

Carrum Downs_ street view

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provides indeterminated

forms on disorganized

blocks. The result of an

unregulated growth and the

coexistence of new and pre-

existing buildings offers a

confused urban tissue and

the complexity of the area

emerges from the mixture

of different typological so-

lutions, combined into the

same building and showing

several roofs, differently di-

mensioned and orientated.

Fiorano Modenese shows a

composite structure, which

offers the idea of a central-

ised industrial area: lots are

wide, buildingss dimen-

sions large and the space

around the complexes

street space character

Fiorano Modenese_ street view

Fiorano Modenese_ street view

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boundary typesboundary types

Weak limit

The space in between the in-

dustrial buildings is marked

only by a different land use:

small pieces of ground with

grass are able to separate

streets from pedestrian paths

and private industrial areas.

The result is a permeable

area without any physical

limit.

Marked limit

Gates and fences are able

to set up a hierarchy in the

space around the buildings,

creating a division between

the movements places

(streets and pedestrian

paths) and working areas

(which include car-parks,

trucks and storage spaces).

Strong limit

A strong separation between

the internal buildings areas

and the streets is created

through the use of massive

walls made of concrete.

The result is a close, im-

permeable sensation and

the boundary is not simply

a concept but starts to be

a physical element in the

landscape.

Weak limit

The space in between the in-

dustrial buildings is marked

only by a row of trees: the

boundary is completely

permeable and transitory.

Separation of different move-

ments types is regulated only

by trees trunks in order to

create a natural diaphragm

between buildings, private

areas and streets.

Marked limit

The use of fences sets up a

division between the streets

and the pedestrian paths and

the areas around the build-

ings, used as car-parks, truck

areas and storage spaces.

The use of trees and shrubs

contributes to increase the

urban quality of the area.

Strong limit

The combination of walls,

fences and soft elements like

grass, trees and shrubs is set

up into a boundarys solution

which gives the site a strong

hierarchy in its spaces, orga-

nized into various levels,

each one with different use

destinations.

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landscape qualities landscape qualities

Carrum Downss landscape

A strong aim to plan the

green areas with large-scale

projects solutions clearly

emerges in Carrum Downs.

The green spaces include

not only the typical material

related to parks, like trees,

shrubs and pedestrian paths,

but also lakes, barbecue

and pic-nic areas in order

to create a place for workers

during their breaks and for

every day use.

Fioranos landscape

It is possible to recognize

a strong division between

the main street side, which

provides an urban structure

simply projected through

the use of tree rows, fences

and small walls, and the

industrial buildings back

side, where the landscape is

completely un-structured and

includes agricultural solu-

tions as cultivated " elds and

transient boundaries.

Fiorano Modenese_ section

Fiorano Modenese_ plan

Carrum Downs_ section

Carrum Downs_ plan

The site is located at Simcock-Avenue, Spotswood beside the har-

bour of Port Melbourne.

It is a traditional large-scale industrial complex. The whole site is

currently abandoned, and unoccupied.

The total dimension is about 200meters deep by 140 meters wide. It

is a huge factory estate made up of several different buildings with

various elevations.

It is an old typology of industrial building complex constructed

with traditional red brick walls and steel window frames. The saw-

tooth roof profi le is facing south so daylight can be provided to the

interior and preventing direct sunlight from the north, so that the

interior environment can be easily maintained at a suitable tempera-

ture level.

The offi ce block is situated above the main access for trucks. It

acts likes the control tower of an airport to control and secure the

entrance and manage the operation of the whole complex.

The different buildings have a similar architectural language,

texture, colour tone and sawtooth roof profi le . Overall they form a

coherent image for the whole complex.

There are same architecture language by same texture, colour tone

and Zigzag roof showing in all different block. They have the

coherent and response for whole complex.

10. Traditional Industrial Complex Don Kong Wah FU

1:10000

1:1000

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West Elevation

North

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Sawtooth roof allows south-facing daylight into the interiorThere is an offi ce portion above the main entrance to manage the operation.

The whole site is a combination of several different buildings with various elevations.

The offi ce portion acts like the control tower of an airport to control and secure the whole

complex.

Truss structure provides a huge fl exible empty space

This is one example of an old industrial building in Melbourne. It is built around the 1960s located at Braybrook, an old industrial part of Melbourne. Bricks and steel cladding are the main construction materials. The building is currently oc-cupied by the Peerless Food manufacturing company.

This building was built in a division of six units. The buildinvgs front facade has six single door entries to each of the unit and the load-ing zone entrance is located at the back of house. There-fore, compare to the con-temporary industrial typolo-gies which mainly locate its loading zone entrance at the front, thus surrounded with fences for safety and security purposes.

Today, there are only fi ve units appear in the build-ing. This is a result of changes and extensions to the building overtime. The front entries are no longer used and the back of house has become the core area. However, one will not notice there is a big contrast between the front and the back as the brick surface has become a disguise to assimilate into this industrial suburban area.

11. suburban industrial blockJit Loh

East Elevation

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North Elevation

West Elevation

1 : 500

Plan

East View

North View

View From Evans Street

Aerial View

Loading Zone Entrance

blue pallets

turbine ventilator

water heating unit

wheelbarrow

fi re hose box

roller doors

Title: Contemporary IndustryTutor: Nigel BertramPole: Urban ArchitectureDate: Semester 01, 2009

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