Consumption and Consumerism in global

economy- position of agriculture in

global economyDoc. Ing. Luboš Smutka, Ph.D.Department of EconomicsFaculty of Economics and ManagementOffice: E 376smutka@pef.czu.cz

Test for the beginning

Test for the beginning – part I• Do you know the size of global economy?

Specify the global GDP value:

Specify the global merchandise and services trade value:

Specify the number of people living around the World:

Can you specify the value of global consumption?

Test for the beginning – part II• Do you know the position of agricultural sector in global

economy?

• Specify the share of agriculture in global GDP:

• Do you know the value of global agricultural GDP?:

• Specify the share of agricultural trade in global merchandise trade:

• Do you know the value of global trade in agricultural and foodstuff products?

• Do you know the share of people working in agricultural sector?

Test for the beginning – part III

• Do you know the share of secondary sector (industry) in global economy?

• Do you know the share of services sector (tertiary sector) in global economy?

• Global crises affected all countries around the world. The most affected countries were developed or developing countries?

Test for the beginning – part IV• Do you know the country with the highest value

of per capita consumption?

• Do you know the number of people living in developing countries?

• Do you know the value of global GDP per capita?

Test for the beginning – part V• Do you know the share of developed countries in global economy

and trade?

• Do you know the number of people living in developed countries?

• Do you know the share of the most rich 20% in global consumption?

• Do you know the number of people suffering by undernourishment?

• Do you know a difference between specific and chronicle hunger?

Correct answers

Test for the beginning – part I• Do you know the size of global economy?

Specify the global GDP value: 70 tril. USD

Specify the global merchandise and services trade value: 22 tril. USD

Specify the number of people living around the World: 7.1 bil.

Can you specify the value of global consumption? 30 – 35 tril. USD

Test for the beginning – part II

• Specify the share of agriculture in global GDP: 3-4%

• Do you know the value of global agricultural GDP?: cc 3 tril. USD

• Specify the share of agricultural trade in global merchandise trade: 9-10%

• Do you know the value of global trade in agricultural and foodstuff products? 1.7-1.9 tril. USD

• Do you know the share of people working in agricultural sector in the world? cc 30-40%

Test for the beginning – part III• Do you know the share of secondary sector (industry) in

global economy? (20%)

• Do you know the share of services sector (tertiary sector) in global economy? (70%)

• Global crises affected all countries around the world. The most affected countries were developed or developing countries? (developed)

Test for the beginning – part IV• Do you know the country with the highest value

of per capita consumption? (Luxemburg)

• Do you know the number of people living in developing countries? (over 5.5 bil.)

• Do you know the value of global GDP per capita? (cc 10 000 USD)

Test for the beginning – part V• Do you know the share of developed countries in global

economy and trade? (70%)• Do you know the number of people living in developed

countries? (1.2 – 1.5 bil.)• Do you know the share of the most rich 20% in global

consumption? (over 75%)• Do you know the number of people suffering by

undernourishment? (cc 950 mil.)• Do you know a difference between specific and

chronicle hunger? (missing some components vs. low level of foodstuff products)

GDP = C + I + G + NX

Gross domestic productConsumptionInvestments

Government expendituresTrade

15

World GDP and Trade (millions of USD)

• World GDP 70 tril. USD

• Merchandise trade 17.8 tril. USD• Trade in services 4.2 tril. USD• Total world trade 22 tril. USD

World GDPIndicator Name 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2011GDP (constant 2000 US$) 7 242 753 106 935 12 152 646 000 531 17 722 386 536 690 24 398 338 701 166 32 329 346 815 104 41 407 357 546 510 42 530 147 492 463GDP (current US$) 1 349 827 514 643 2 896 761 039 527 11 020 803 383 050 21 976 859 782 975 32 329 346 815 104 63 134 667 511 740 69 971 507 754 454GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 2 382 3 292 3 986 4 607 5 284 6 006 6 099GDP per capita (current US$) 444 785 2 479 4 149 5 284 9 157 10 034Population, total 3 040 197 382 3 691 705 531 4 446 509 620 5 296 329 583 6 118 131 262 6 894 377 794 6 973 738 433Trade (% of GDP) 24 27 39 39 50 56Trade in services (% of GDP) 8 8 9 12 12Merchandise exports (current US$) 123 625 241 459 303 628 125 866 1 973 215 529 631 3 473 190 900 428 6 456 346 851 760 15 228 018 668 667 18 206 997 007 830Merchandise imports (current US$) 130 015 534 023 315 399 722 727 2 009 467 439 404 3 550 249 977 333 6 658 627 571 647 15 325 946 756 887 18 240 748 598 948Service exports (BoP, current US$) 415 609 265 713 876 725 817 148 1 566 469 723 520 3 854 026 721 355 4 282 849 196 174Service imports (BoP, current US$) 458 967 831 414 891 869 776 101 1 539 909 485 501 3 571 662 570 217 3 903 397 000 785Agriculture, value added (% of GDP) 9 6 5 4 3Agriculture, value added (current US$) 273 606 365 880 766 674 096 549 1 122 136 535 771 1 124 707 500 122 2 522 042 846 358Industry, value added (% of GDP) 38 37 33 29 26Industry, value added (current US$) 1 016 175 134 600 3 872 914 676 303 6 819 612 101 834 8 747 882 394 467 17 166 703 497 857Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP) 25 22 19 17Manufacturing, value added (current US$) 2 211 193 851 832 4 234 187 278 735 5 715 971 608 318 9 996 779 698 529Merchandise trade (% of GDP) 18 21 36 32 41 48Services, etc., value added (% of GDP) 53 57 62 68 71Services, etc., value added (current US$) 1 422 283 162 731 5 666 513 600 191 12 610 111 752 773 20 250 221 915 765 39 043 135 423 883

GDP Distributionmld. USD Indicator Name 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 BI 2010/1960Arab World GDP (current US$) N/A 39 414 431 724 1 569 1 987 1 710 1 987 2 402 61Caribbean small states GDP (current US$) 2 4 13 17 32 58 65 56 60 62 34East Asia & Pacific (all income levels)GDP (current US$) 156 405 1 798 4 693 8 073 11 851 13 671 14 047 16 290 18 760 120Euro area GDP (current US$) 245 623 2 871 5 686 6 256 12 369 13 545 12 391 12 058 13 076 53Europe & Central Asia (all income levels)GDP (current US$) 442 997 4 498 8 556 9 588 20 333 22 328 19 612 19 990 22 093 50European Union GDP (current US$) 365 842 3 802 7 292 8 486 16 977 18 253 16 306 16 149 17 552 48High income GDP (current US$) 1 035 2 294 8 664 18 273 26 442 41 451 44 035 41 198 43 120 46 644 45High income: OECD GDP (current US$) 1 019 2 254 8 271 17 681 25 312 39 466 41 757 39 188 40 827 43 931 43Latin America & Caribbean (all income levels)GDP (current US$) 81 175 769 1 159 2 138 3 855 4 474 4 194 5 180 5 806 72Least developed countries: UN classificationGDP (current US$) 0 0 121 159 186 445 555 551 616 680 6Low income GDP (current US$) 23 42 113 145 167 310 370 392 425 474 21Lower middle income GDP (current US$) 0 156 631 868 1 264 3 039 3 417 3 468 4 181 4 753 30Middle East & North Africa (all income levels)GDP (current US$) 0 47 464 526 938 1 976 2 469 2 182 2 519 3 051 65Middle income GDP (current US$) 325 591 2 365 3 562 5 720 14 037 16 815 16 298 19 653 22 952 71North America GDP (current US$) 562 1 111 3 037 6 335 10 627 15 392 15 728 15 207 16 030 16 836 30OECD members GDP (current US$) 1 051 2 315 8 563 18 126 26 235 41 322 43 761 40 857 42 810 46 108 44Pacific island small states GDP (current US$) 0 0 2 3 4 7 7 6 7 8 4Small states GDP (current US$) 3 6 27 39 63 133 155 132 149 170 59South Asia GDP (current US$) 0 87 239 412 623 1 505 1 536 1 685 2 048 2 272 26Sub-Saharan Africa (all income levels)GDP (current US$) 30 64 272 300 343 882 1 009 953 1 117 1 265 43Upper middle income GDP (current US$) 243 431 1 722 2 693 4 456 10 996 13 396 12 828 15 469 18 197 75World GDP (current US$) 1 350 2 897 11 021 21 977 32 329 55 795 61 213 57 876 63 135 69 972 52

GDP growth rate, US$ (UN DPAD/Link estimates)

mld. USD Indicator Name 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Arab World GDP (constant 2000 US$) ###### ###### 1.154 1.463 1.372 1.055 1.020 1.044 1.051Caribbean small states GDP (constant 2000 US$) ###### 1.253 1.123 1.272 1.309 1.007 0.964 1.000 1.001East Asia & Pacific (all income levels)GDP (constant 2000 US$) 2.230 1.603 1.655 1.345 1.313 1.025 0.997 1.067 1.033Euro area GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.751 1.402 1.266 1.231 1.145 1.004 0.956 1.020 1.015Europe & Central Asia (all income levels)GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.607 1.365 1.271 1.205 1.195 1.006 0.956 1.025 1.020European Union GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.607 1.358 1.269 1.245 1.170 1.003 0.956 1.022 1.015High income GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.683 1.428 1.381 1.300 1.175 1.001 0.963 1.033 1.015High income: OECD GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.677 1.408 1.380 1.291 1.166 0.999 0.961 1.031 1.013Latin America & Caribbean (all income levels)GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.697 1.731 1.137 1.375 1.270 1.041 0.983 1.060 1.046Least developed countries: UN classificationGDP (constant 2000 US$) ###### ###### ##### 1.397 1.555 1.070 1.045 1.057 1.042Low income GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.451 1.227 1.313 1.317 1.446 1.057 1.047 1.060 1.060Lower middle income GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.554 1.581 1.496 1.440 1.500 1.046 1.051 1.073 1.055Middle East & North Africa (all income levels)GDP (constant 2000 US$) ###### 2.270 1.193 1.494 1.363 1.049 1.018 1.045 1.052Middle income GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.652 1.683 1.356 1.456 1.531 1.057 1.026 1.077 1.063North America GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.517 1.383 1.370 1.396 1.179 0.997 0.965 1.030 1.018OECD members GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.680 1.417 1.377 1.295 1.170 1.000 0.961 1.032 1.015Pacific island small states GDP (constant 2000 US$) ###### ###### ##### 1.283 1.157 1.025 1.005 1.025 1.042Small states GDP (constant 2000 US$) ###### 1.400 1.255 1.365 1.364 1.027 0.985 1.025 1.028South Asia GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.520 1.343 1.699 1.672 1.612 1.039 1.074 1.087 1.064Sub-Saharan Africa (all income levels)GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.619 1.435 1.202 1.256 1.425 1.051 1.021 1.050 1.042Upper middle income GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.682 1.712 1.317 1.460 1.540 1.061 1.020 1.078 1.065World GDP (constant 2000 US$) 1.678 1.458 1.377 1.325 1.239 1.013 0.978 1.043 1.027

GDP/capitaCountry Name Indicator Name 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 BI 11/60Arab World GDP per capita (current US$) 319 2 496 1 934 2 596 4 819 5 965 5 022 5 716 6 768 21.21863Caribbean small states GDP per capita (current US$) 447 743 2 437 2 902 4 902 8 519 9 613 8 140 8 672 9 029 12.14614East Asia & Pacific (all income levels)GDP per capita (current US$) 149 313 1 153 2 576 3 948 5 490 6 290 6 421 7 399 8 466 27.01956Euro area GDP per capita (current US$) 941 2 211 9 692 18 650 19 851 37 710 41 083 37 444 36 324 39 268 17.76204Europe & Central Asia (all income levels)GDP per capita (current US$) 661 1 350 5 666 10 156 11 121 23 110 25 270 22 101 22 435 24 695 18.29777European Union GDP per capita (current US$) 902 1 924 8 272 15 419 17 545 34 161 36 568 32 554 32 151 34 848 18.11002High income GDP per capita (current US$) 1 392 2 754 9 503 18 664 25 189 37 556 39 575 36 761 38 229 41 095 14.92268High income: OECD GDP per capita (current US$) 1 429 2 840 9 611 19 350 25 990 38 836 40 827 38 098 39 487 42 262 14.88306Latin America & Caribbean (all income levels)GDP per capita (current US$) 370 611 2 127 2 623 4 109 6 772 7 771 7 203 8 799 9 754 15.956Least developed countries: UN classificationGDP per capita (current US$) 310 312 283 576 703 683 747 806 2.603716Low income GDP per capita (current US$) 96 135 290 286 258 413 482 500 532 581 4.291704Lower middle income GDP per capita (current US$) 142 450 492 594 1 276 1 412 1 412 1 676 1 877 13.23658Middle East & North Africa (all income levels)GDP per capita (current US$) 340 2 504 2 075 3 002 5 488 6 713 5 814 6 585 7 831 23.05077Middle income GDP per capita (current US$) 158 232 752 935 1 294 2 923 3 462 3 318 3 957 4 570 19.74112North America GDP per capita (current US$) 2 828 4 908 12 058 22 831 33 953 46 052 46 605 44 652 46 661 48 640 9.910578OECD members GDP per capita (current US$) 1 334 2 600 8 696 17 014 22 755 34 092 35 837 33 232 34 602 37 029 14.24455Pacific island small states GDP per capita (current US$) 1 030 1 067 1 326 2 075 2 212 1 956 2 136 2 478 2.405997Small states GDP per capita (current US$) 248 417 1 572 1 884 2 544 4 848 5 572 4 677 5 226 5 883 14.11156South Asia GDP per capita (current US$) 121 264 359 445 963 968 1 047 1 254 1 371 11.31542Sub-Saharan Africa (all income levels)GDP per capita (current US$) 129 217 701 586 515 1 112 1 242 1 144 1 309 1 445 6.658953Upper middle income GDP per capita (current US$) 207 298 988 1 316 1 943 4 542 5 494 5 224 6 256 7 311 24.53463World GDP per capita (current US$) 444 785 2 479 4 149 5 284 8 380 9 086 8 491 9 157 10 034 12.78704

GDP per capita, annual growth rate, 2000 US$ (UN DPAD/Link estimates)

Indicator Name 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Arab World GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) ###### ###### 0.860 1.170 1.174 1.032 0.998 1.023 1.029Caribbean small states GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) ###### 1.132 1.029 1.174 1.249 1.000 0.959 0.995 0.996East Asia & Pacific (all income levels)GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.805 1.327 1.417 1.198 1.244 1.018 0.990 1.060 1.026Euro area GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.617 1.334 1.230 1.191 1.100 0.999 0.952 1.017 1.012Europe & Central Asia (all income levels)GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.454 1.269 1.198 1.177 1.171 1.002 0.952 1.021 1.015European Union GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.488 1.293 1.233 1.217 1.139 0.998 0.953 1.019 1.012High income GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.502 1.305 1.286 1.212 1.117 0.992 0.956 1.026 1.009High income: OECD GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.507 1.298 1.299 1.211 1.118 0.993 0.956 1.025 1.008Latin America & Caribbean (all income levels)GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.303 1.367 0.930 1.168 1.161 1.029 0.972 1.048 1.035Least developed countries: UN classificationGDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) ###### ###### ##### 1.082 1.324 1.047 1.023 1.034 1.019Low income GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.124 0.970 1.009 1.033 1.243 1.036 1.025 1.039 1.038Lower middle income GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.240 1.244 1.189 1.193 1.341 1.030 1.035 1.057 1.039Middle East & North Africa (all income levels)GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) ###### 1.695 0.874 1.210 1.183 1.028 0.997 1.025 1.033Middle income GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.333 1.365 1.119 1.254 1.410 1.046 1.015 1.065 1.051North America GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.330 1.244 1.243 1.238 1.104 0.988 0.956 1.021 1.010OECD members GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.486 1.282 1.273 1.197 1.113 0.992 0.954 1.025 1.008Pacific island small states GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) ###### ###### ##### 1.118 1.015 1.005 0.985 1.005 1.022Small states GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) ###### 1.160 1.018 1.154 1.236 1.012 0.971 1.011 1.014South Asia GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.216 1.062 1.344 1.371 1.442 1.024 1.059 1.071 1.049Sub-Saharan Africa (all income levels)GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.265 1.093 0.908 0.966 1.198 1.025 0.997 1.024 1.016Upper middle income GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.369 1.422 1.122 1.303 1.458 1.053 1.012 1.071 1.058World GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 1.382 1.211 1.156 1.147 1.139 1.001 0.966 1.032 1.015

GDP/cap., USD (FAO)

Country Name Indicator Name 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2011Luxembourg GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 13711 17468 21006 32477 46458 52306 52086Macao SAR, China GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 13034 14129 34084 40259Norway GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 10695 14894 22330 27577 37473 39970 40035Japan GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 7775 16651 23022 34237 37292 39972 39578Switzerland GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 28554 33471 34787 37662 38060United States GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 13723 18229 22631 28298 35082 37330 37691Hong Kong SAR, China GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 2968 6085 11880 20188 25374 35537 37352Qatar GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 30053 32356 36153Iceland GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 10110 13653 22623 26540 30929 33884 34812Singapore GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 2251 4628 9457 15788 23815 32641 33530Sweden GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 11360 16571 19470 23492 27869 32507 33513Denmark GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 11391 16393 19691 24098 29980 30529 30687United Kingdom GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 10060 12540 15005 19361 25083 28034 28033Finland GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 7306 11007 15373 19921 23530 27114 27766Austria GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 7434 11099 15670 19192 23974 26694 27428Ireland GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 25629 27599 27329Netherlands GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 8563 12759 15984 18858 24180 26553 26735Germany GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 11895 15799 19601 22946 25306 26081Canada GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 9375 12986 16751 19562 23560 25575 25933Australia GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 9393 12679 14507 17501 21766 25249 25351

GDP per capita, constant prices, US$ (UN estimates)

Country Name Indicator Name 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2011Zimbabwe GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 389 515 501 537 535 321 346Comoros GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 412 413 359 336 335Chad GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 254 227 146 184 168 300 301Tajikistan GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 426 139 279 295Burkina Faso GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 122 137 153 167 212 283 286Sierra Leone GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 223 285 294 255 153 268 278Nepal GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 139 145 141 177 225 269 275Liberia GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 608 760 682 192 186 261 273Mali GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 172 212 188 214 273 272Togo GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 177 295 352 284 270 265 269Central African Republic GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 356 354 323 278 259 240 242Madagascar GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 409 429 360 289 252 243 238Ethiopia GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 129 125 221 232Malawi GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 99 121 160 133 155 185 187Niger GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 314 307 259 193 165 179 177Guinea-Bissau GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 173 137 183 174 161 166Eritrea GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 173 147 155Burundi GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 116 149 160 182 131 138 141Congo, Dem. Rep. GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$) 325 332 260 210 87 106 110

Consumption development trends

• World consumption has expanded at an unprecedented pace over the 20th century, with private and public consumption expenditures reaching over $35 trillion in 2012, twice the level of 1975 and six times that of 1950. In 1900 real consumption expenditure was barely $1.5 trillion.

• The benefits of this consumption have spread far and wide. More people are better fed and housed than ever before.

• Living standards have risen to enable hundreds of millions to enjoy housing with hot water and cold, warmth and electricity, transport to and from work-with time for leisure and sports, vacations and other activities beyond anything imagined at the start of this century.

in mil. USD 2007 2005 2003 2001 1999 1997Total GDP 63,421,364.55 53,310,223.47 44,802,475.6 38,668,672.3 37,519,167.78 35,897,949.04

World 32,217,765.9352 27,088,128.7879 22,743,552.6236 19,613,063.1557 19,045,364.4569 18,234,893.4101Europe 10,848,679.8875 8,856,575.8056 7,260,467.9887 5,468,669.6744 5,732,000.1419 5,658,561.3641North America 10,532,641.8012 9,338,429.449 8,196,115.4494 7,457,832.4706 6,662,411.4741 5,918,399.5947United States of America 9,734,200 8,707,800 7,703,600 7,055,000 6,282,500 5,547,400Asia 7,207,235.2219 6,111,812.7514 5,203,499.6567 4,678,722.5436 4,699,912.4171 4,568,296.1547Japan 2,500,894.9921 2,594,268.1856 2,430,626.9292 2,338,674.0842 2,492,213.7005 2,350,482.459Germany 1,881,083.3005 1,649,505.049 1,449,831.2236 1,126,227.0584 1,251,838.7546 1,258,480.8144South America 1,393,087.3079 960,326.6142 649,721.8626 781,201.1747 813,008.1235 1,021,044.1564China 1,219,753.1647 869,108.4675 686,651.5432 594,572.8369 506,392.0515 445,383.7942Brazil 795,112.9475 531,644.4698 342,085.3003 351,743.6357 380,044.9401 565,211.4516Canada 795,053.219 627,763.6722 490,026.1827 400,716.4868 377,513.6605 368,834.9363Africa 760,747.8017 591,106.0498 446,340.7364 372,390.5733 383,111.4888 378,921.8307Central America 707,252.6428 598,262.0771 500,895.1899 488,815.4676 372,201.1928 303,159.4247India 629,159.5987 468,172.1475 366,953.3032 310,099.2152 291,169.5571 265,908.8207Russian Federation 625,452.3863 380,605.9256 218,108.2122 151,427.0262 104,893.5617 221,711.5042Mexico 615,253.8234 523,475.5759 439,036.845 432,961.9006 322,595.1405 257,889.0834Australia 521,164.4074 418,074.9513 319,525.5681 224,288.5423 244,491.7578 252,256.2306Turkey 325,120.5251 244,540.5774 159,629.7296 104,858.2463 133,548.3347 129,187.7387Poland 255,957.9745 191,448.0577 142,420.4984 123,781.9683 106,091.8847 98,578.3007Czech Republic 84,925.609 61,056.0821 47,235.634 32,083.7509 31,840.5519 30,719.6416Ukraine 84,887.1287 50,217.4847 28,277.2948 21,644.3732 18,064.6541 28,936.0293Hungary 73,654.5221 60,750.5718 46,879.0124 28,337.2578 25,918.0541 23,728.4512Slovakia 41,706.6118 27,215.5908 18,697.4562 12,244.0087 11,730.9674 11,675.0473Zimbabwe 1,053.615 2,028.4392 5,234.4003 4,866.1463 4,147.6188 6,286.6967

Households' consumption

Country Name 2011 Share in total 1990 Share in totalUnited States 9 430 000 000 000 27.21% 5 273 000 000 000 28.30%China 2 991 528 955 438 8.63% 587 587 781 008 3.15%India 2 208 744 987 316 6.37% 662 886 320 953 3.56%Japan 2 101 834 598 319 6.06% 1 683 785 742 622 9.04%Germany 1 529 025 554 833 4.41% 1 187 047 689 485 6.37%United Kingdom 1 249 802 597 566 3.61% 792 034 594 958 4.25%Russian Federation 1 213 306 979 322 3.50% 545 882 117 941 2.93%Brazil 1 129 170 169 384 3.26% 526 758 236 370 2.83%France 1 114 439 394 055 3.22% 796 098 804 016 4.27%Italy 944 853 861 048 2.73% 757 035 671 422 4.06%Mexico 914 049 739 790 2.64% 442 353 803 717 2.37%Canada 717 843 488 673 2.07% 403 547 837 739 2.17%Spain 681 480 332 494 1.97% 431 526 726 430 2.32%Korea, Rep. 612 794 576 465 1.77% 261 938 835 789 1.41%Turkey 591 926 011 556 1.71% 259 245 208 984 1.39%Indonesia 558 907 533 777 1.61% 196 168 146 611 1.05%Australia 431 517 598 654 1.25% 216 222 805 592 1.16%Pakistan 284 433 955 659 0.82% 122 963 457 573 0.66%Netherlands 275 435 497 817 0.79% 194 302 427 437 1.04%South Africa 271 469 988 079 0.78% 136 746 115 937 0.73%Thailand 263 714 781 696 0.76% 122 442 278 725 0.66%Colombia 249 175 535 664 0.72% 128 821 781 443 0.69%Egypt, Arab Rep. 244 277 149 925 0.70% 112 435 841 177 0.60%Ukraine 230 048 078 719 0.66% 158 911 643 120 0.85%Philippines 223 774 907 527 0.65% 94 674 425 736 0.51%World 34 656 667 121 596 87.90% 18 634 638 540 077 86.37%

Household consumption expenditure, PPP (const. 2005 international $)

Country Name 2010 1990United States 26 712 18 968Japan 22 939 18 987Switzerland 22 927 20 090Norway 20 788 12 265Hong Kong SAR, China 19 646 11 664Luxembourg 18 741 15 569United Kingdom 18 511 12 636Sweden 16 006 12 017Denmark 16 005 12 309Canada 15 998 11 307Australia 15 407 10 304Finland 14 608 10 679Austria 14 452 11 318Iceland 14 326 19 739Germany 14 104 11 465Ireland 13 965 7 611France 13 536 10 831Belgium 13 078 10 234Netherlands 12 347 9 583Israel 12 159Singapore 12 129 7 078Bahamas, The 11 676 11 869Italy 11 490 9 829Cyprus 10 798 5 890Slovak Republic 4 497Poland 4 068 1 725Czech Republic 3 913 2 795Hungary 3 047 2 324Russian Federation 1 895 874Kazakhstan 1 621 1 276India 492 223Congo, Dem. Rep. 91

Household final consumption expenditure per capita (constant 2000 US$)

Annual Personal Consumption Expenditure in Constant 2005 International Dollars Country Total Health Housing Food Apparel Education Transport

U.S. 15,816 1,068 6,072 2,543 754 372 3,336

Canada 15,094 575 5,613 2,271 823 387 2,886

Germany 14,868 579 5,632 2,752 767 136 2,012

UK 14,786 168 5,162 2,802 802 223 2,463

Switzerland 14,763 979 4,788 3,414 663 112 1,764

Finland 12,880 458 4,330 2,285 441 23 1,892

Austria 12,789 460 2,976 2,706 815 116 2,368

Sweden 12,403 315 3,814 2,081 834 49 2,717

France 12,069 542 2,758 2,901 802 55 1,938

New Zealand 11,524 378 4,551 1,978 421 275 1,967

Japan 9,632 400 1,707 2,188 421 328 1,255

Hong Kong 9,057 288 2,009 1,248 508 416 1,040

Korea 8,927 476 1,117 2,362 428 904 1,476

Singapore 8,001 459 947 1,934 326 711 1,941

Czech Republic 5,799 120 1,660 1,517 391 38 668

Latvia 5,237 188 947 1,696 394 83 561

Slovakia 5,011 103 1,290 1,290 368 32 451

Hungary 4,679 187 1,095 1,376 257 37 547

Brazil 4,637 302 1,646 962 263 189 854

Lithuania 4,390 190 815 1,354 425 57 428

Poland 4,107 202 1,090 1,335 223 69 377

Mexico 3,034 87 484 827 166 264 397

Thailand 2,565 76 657 954 94 73 461

China 2,292 159 440 932 191   249

Philippines 2,130 48 562 928 63 87 161

Problems connected with global consumption development

World population development

0

100

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700-1

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6

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-200 14 35

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population (1 000 000)

Year

s

Year -1 mil. -300 tis. 1 1700. Population (millions) 0,125 1 170 610

World population development 1700-2030

0100000020000003000000400000050000006000000700000080000009000000

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000)

World population development1700-2030

World rural population development (1700-2030)

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World rural populationdevelopment (1700-2030)

World urban population development (1700-2030)

0100000020000003000000400000050000006000000

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000)

World urban populationdevelopment (1700-2030)

World historical and predicted populations (in millions)

Region    1750   1800   1850  

 1900    

1950    

1999    

2050    

2150    

World 791 978 1,262 1,650 2,521 5,978 8,909 9,746

Oceania 2 2 2 6 13 30 46 51

Northern America 2 7 26 82 172 307 392 398

Latin America 16 24 38 74 167 511 809 912

Europe 163 203 276 408 547 729 628 517

Asia 502 635 809 947 1,402 3,634 5,268 5,561

Africa 106 107 111 133 221 767 1,766 2,308

Population development in millions 2011 2006 2001

World cca 7 billions 6,472.89 5,980.49China 1,327.658 1,314.48 1,267.43India 1,190.451 1,118 1,016United States of America 304.415 298.7 282.291Indonesia 227.829 222.051 205.132Brazil 191.972 186.8 171.28Pakistan 166.037 156.8 138.9Bangladesh 160 156.117 139.434Nigeria 151.319 140.004 118.953Russian Federation 141.9145 142.7536 146.8901Japan 127.704 127.746 126.8Mexico 106.35 104.9 98.4Philippines 90.348 87 76.3Vietnam 86.323 84.2 77.6Germany 82.14 82.438 82.1635Ethiopia 80.713 75.071 63.5Egypt 75.045 73.7 64Iran 71.956 70.473 63.658Turkey 69.659 68.133 62.762Thailand 67.386 65.3 61.8

Population characteristics

Population Growth

GDP/cap

• Using latest figures available, in 2008, the wealthiest 20% of the world accounted for 76.6% of total private consumption. The poorest fifth just 1.3%

• Breaking that down slightly further, the poorest 10% accounted for just 0.5% and the wealthiest 10% accounted for 59% of all the consumption

– More specifically, the richest fifth:Consume 45% of all meat and fish, the poorest fifth 5%Consume 58% of total energy, the poorest fifth less than 4%Have 74% of all telephone lines, the poorest fifth 1.5%Consume 84% of all paper, the poorest fifth 1.1%Own 87% of the world’s vehicle fleet, the poorest fifth less than

1%

Inequalities

Global Aid $U.S. Billions

Basic education for all 6

Water and sanitation for all 9

Reproductive health for all women 12

Basic health and nutrition 13

Developing countries priorities

Developed countries priorities

Global Priority $U.S. Billions

Cosmetics in the United States 8

Ice cream in Europe 11

Perfumes in Europe and the United States 12

Pet foods in Europe and the United States 17

Business entertainment in Japan 35

Cigarettes in Europe 50

Alcoholic drinks in Europe 105

Narcotics drugs in the world 400

Military spending in the world 780

Consumption trends in selected areas:

• Agricultural and foodstuff• Water management• Fishery• Fertilizers• Deforestation – wood and land supply• Energy• Industry – car industry case study• New technologies – internet, cell phones• Negative trends

Food consumption

World Agriculture

World agricultural production and population development in 1961 - 2006

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

Years

agriculturalproduction(billion tonnes)

population(billioninhabitants)

1961 2006 1961 2006Cereals 877.8 2 221.1 2.17% 29.9 153.04% 1 343.3 24.25% 24.99%Sugarcrops 609.1 1 649.7 2.32% 23.1 170.83% 1 040.5 16.83% 18.56%Fodder crops 620.6 972.6 1.36% 7.8 56.72% 352.0 17.15% 10.94%Vegetables 222.2 903.4 3.19% 15.1 306.55% 681.2 6.14% 10.16%Oilcrops 154.5 743.5 3.63% 13.1 381.14% 588.9 4.27% 8.36%Roots,Tubers 455.4 736.7 1.15% 6.3 61.78% 281.3 12.58% 8.29%Milk 344.4 653.8 1.44% 6.9 89.81% 309.4 9.52% 7.35%Fruits 176.0 526.5 2.50% 7.8 199.14% 350.5 4.86% 5.92%Meat 70.5 272.9 3.06% 4.5 287.03% 202.4 1.95% 3.07%Crops 3 188.3 7 894.7 2.07% 104.6 147.61% 4 706.4 88.10% 88.81%Animal 430.8 994.6 1.88% 12.5 130.89% 563.8 11.90% 11.19%Total 3 619.1 8 889.3 2.05% 117.1 145.62% 5 270.2 xxx xxx

Production growth 1961-

2006 in million tonnes

Share of production in total agricultural production in %

World production in million tonnes

Average inter annual

growth rate in %

Average inter annual growth

in million tonnes

Production growth 1961-

2006 in %

The most important commodity groups development (1961-2006)

Global agriculture -Intensification

(arable and agricultural land area is limited)

Available land/cap development

World (in hectares) 1961 2010available arable land per capita 0.41 0.19available agricultural land per capita 1.44 0.71total available area per capita 4.22 1.86

Agricultural production per one hectare of agricultural land

1961 2010

Animals (head) 0.66 1.03

Poultry (1000 head) 0.98 4.90

Crops production (tonnes) 0.72 1.8

Animal production (tonnes) 0.10 0.25

Agricultural and Food Production Development

Food production index (2004-2006 = 100)

Country Name 1993 2001 2005 2007 2009

Arab World 77.82 101.94 117.14 122.93 129.49

Caribbean small states 89.05 100.79 99.37 103.73 102.45

East Asia & Pacific (all income levels) 74.43 102.46 118.91 123.64 130.97

Europe & Central Asia (all income levels) 103.43 99.94 103.42 102.58 108.09

European Union 97.39 98.73 98.11 95.51 99.43

OECD members 89.06 98.86 101.73 102.30 106.34

Latin America & Caribbean (all income levels) 75.70 103.16 119.79 131.52 131.07

Least developed countries: UN classification 78.60 103.98 121.11 127.67 135.57

Middle East & North Africa (all income levels) 81.07 101.53 120.24 126.71 129.57

North America 81.76 98.49 106.08 110.67 116.16

OECD members 88.59 99.04 102.82 103.63 107.64

Pacific island small states 98.53 97.66 107.24 105.86 104.02

South Asia 81.22 101.57 109.58 121.58 122.69

Sub-Saharan Africa (all income levels) 80.59 102.49 117.56 120.84 129.97

World 83.12 101.35 112.80 118.10 123.02

Agricultural products consumption development

World Consumption Development

0

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Total production

Plant Products

Animal Products

Fish, Seafood andAquatic products

Agricultural products consumption development

Calories/capita/day

0.000

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1961

1964

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Years

kcal

/cap

/day

Calories/capita/day

Consumption structure

Share in total consumption of agricultural products 1970 1980 1990 2000 2003

Feed quantity 19.8 19.3 17.9 14.9 14.3

Seed quantity 3.5 3 2.5 2.3 2.1

Waste quantity 4.5 4.3 4.5 4.3 4.3

Other uses quantity 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6

Food Manufactured 25.1 26.1 27.8 27 27.5

Food quantity 45.7 46 45.9 49.9 50.1

Feed quantity consumption

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Total consumption

Plant productsconsumption

Animal productsconsumption

Fish and Aquaticproductsconsumption

Seed quantity consumption

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100000120000140000160000180000

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Total consumption

Plant productsconsumption

Animal productsconsumption

Fish and Aquaticproductsconsumption

Food quantity consumption

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1970

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tonn

es

Totalconsumption

Plant productsconsumption

Animal productsconsumption

Fish and Aquaticproductsconsumption

Waste quantity

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100000150000200000250000300000350000

1970

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Total consumption

Plant productsconsumption

Animal productsconsumption

Fish and Aquaticproductsconsumption

Other uses

020000400006000080000

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2002

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tonn

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Total consumption

Plant productsconsumption

Animal productsconsumption

Fish and Aquaticproductsconsumption

Non-Food Utilization of Agricultural Production

• Fuels• Feedings• Bulding Materialsetc.

Region 1964 - 1966 1974 - 1976 1984 - 1986 1997 - 1999 2015 2030World 2358 2435 2655 2803 2940 3050Developing countries

2054 2152 2450 2681 2850 2980

Near East and North Africa

2290 2591 2953 3006 3090 3170

Sub-Saharan Africaa

2058 2079 2057 2195 2360 2540

Latin America and the Caribbean

2393 2546 2689 2824 2980 3140

East Asia 1957 2105 2559 2921 3060 3190South Asia 2017 1986 2205 2403 2700 2900Industrialized countries

2947 3065 3206 3380 3440 3500

Transition countries

3222 3385 3379 2906 3060 3180

Global and regional per capita food consumption (kcal per capita per day)

Per capita consumption of livestock products

RegionMeat (kg per year) Milk (kg per year)

1964 - 1966 1997 - 1999 2030 1964 - 1966 1997 - 1999 2030World 24.2 36.4 45.3 73.9 78.1 89.5Developing countries

10.2 25.5 36.7 28.0 44.6 65.8

Near East and North Africa

11.9 21.2 35.0 68.6 72.3 89.9

Sub-Saharan Africaa

9.9 9.4 13.4 28.5 29.1 33.8

Latin America and the Caribbean

31.7 53.8 76.6 80.1 110.2 139.8

East Asia 8.7 37.7 58.5 3.6 10.0 17.8South Asia 3.9 5.3 11.7 37.0 67.5 106.9Industrialized countries

61.5 88.2 100.1 185.5 212.2 221.0

Transition countries

42.5 46.2 60.7 156.6 159.1 178.7

World food consumption kg/cap/year

Food price development

Food Security Risk

Current Situation

Economy and Undernourishment

Fight against hunger

Basic development trends

HUNGER

Chronicle Hunger(about 950 mil.)

Vs.

Specific Hunger(plus additional several hundreds million)

The reason of starvation

Facts

Vs.

Myths

MYTHS

• Population growth• The low level of production

• Natural disasters• Limited land area

I. Economic Reasons-Liberalization-Price development-Global food market and the role of distributers-Investment Policy-Energy policy

II. Political Reasons-instability- wars and internal conflicts

III. Global environment problems-Climate changes-Unsustainable natural sources exploitation

THE REASONS OF UNDERNURISHMENT

THE MAIN REASON OF UNDERNURISHMENT IS POVERTY

- Unequal distribution of sources, incomes and wealth,- Inability to ensure the functioning infrastructure,- Low level of education and limited access to education,- Social exclusion,- Marginalization of women, old people, minorities etc.

Germany: The Melander family of Bargteheide - 2 adults, 2 teenagersFood expenditure for one week: 375.39 Euros or $500.07

United States: The Revis family of North Carolina - 2 adults, 2 teenagersFood expenditure for one week: $341.98

Japan: The Ukita family of Kodaira City - 2 adults, 2 teenagersFood expenditure for one week: 37,699 Yen or $317.25

Poland: The Sobczynscy family of Konstancin-Jeziorna - 4 adults, 1 teenagerFood expenditure for one week: 582.48 Zlotys or $151.27

Egypt: The Ahmed family of Cairo - 7 adults, 5 kidsFood expendit ure for one week: 387.85 Egyptian Pounds or $68.53

Ecuador: The Ayme family of Tingo - 4 adults, 5 teenagersFood expenditure for one week: $31.55

Bhutan: The Namgay family of Shingkhey Village - 7 adults, 6 kidsFood expenditure for one week: 224.93 ngultrum or $5.03

Chad: The Aboubakar family of Breidjing Camp - 3 adults, 3 kidsFood expenditure for one week: 685 CFA Francs or $1.23

Germany: The Melander family of Bargteheide - 2 adults, 2 teenagersFood expenditure for one week: 375.39 Euros or $500.07

But main problem is sustainability

and equal opportunities

Germany: The Melander family of Bargteheide - 2 adults, 2 teenagersFood expenditure for one week: 375.39 Euros or $500.07

Chad: The Aboubakar family of Breidjing Camp - 3 adults, 3 kidsFood expenditure for one week: 685 CFA Francs or $1.23

That is all – Thank you very much for your attention

Do you have any questions?