Leyno, Iana Renza L.4CE-A

Activity 1Construction Materials and testing

Objectives: The activity aims to familiarize the students with the different construction materials and their respective specifications various applications.

Table 1 – Construction Materials and Testing

No.

Construction Material

Structural Member / Use

PropertySpecimen Dimension

Testing Standards

Apparatus / Equipments

1Gravel

(See Fig. A-1)Road

Cohesionless Non-Plastic Granular Density – 2240-

2480 kg

m3

4.76mm sieveAASHTO T85

Shovel (See Fig. B- 1)Gravel Crusher(See Fig B- 2)

2Sand

(See Fig. A-2)Road

Cohesionless Non-Plastic Granular

No. 200 sieve AASHTO T84Sieves

(See Fig B- 3)

3Wood

(See Fig. A-3)

Thermal Insulation, Façade Cladding

High Tensile and Compressive strength

50 x 50 x 50 mm ASTM D143UTM

(See Fig B- 4)

4Clay

(See Fig. A-4)Wall Finish Cohesion

4” thick12” x 8”

ASTM C67, ASTM C216

UTM(See Fig B- 4)

5Cement

(See Fig. A-5)Roads, Wall

Sg = 3.15 Insoluble Residue =

0.85%50mm3

ASTM C150ASTM 150m

Vicat apparatus(See Fig B- 5)

6Polymer

(See Fig. A-6)Roof

Tensile

Density = 1330 kg

m30.4nm width ASTM D638 – 14

Extension indicator

(See Fig B- 6)

7 Concrete(See Fig. A-7)

Load bearing structures

Ambivalent Material High Gross Density

6” x 6” x12” ASTM C78 Compression Testing Machine

(See Fig B- 7)

8Timber

(See Fig. A-8)beam, truss, insulation

Durable Thermal

Conductivity 0.144k Thermal Expansion

4.5 x 10−6 k

50 x 50 x50 mm ASTM 143UTM

(See Fig B- 4)

9Ceramic

(See Fig. A-9)Masonry, Floor covering

High strength Fire resistant

400 cm2 ASTM C648UTM

(See Fig B- 4)

10Glass

(See Fig. A-10)Windows, surface finish

Amorphous Brittle Transparent

Density 2490 kg

m3

Specific heat 0.84kJ

4” thick ASTM C1036

Glass Cutter(See Fig B- 8)

Point blemish measurement(See Fig B- 9)

11Metal

(See Fig. A-11)

Bars for concrete reinforcement , Pipes

Corrosion Electrical

Conductor Tensile Gross Density 4500

kg

m3

10mm edge distance

ASTM A653ASTM A653M

Tensometer(See Fig B- 10)

12Plastic

(See Fig. A-12)

Interior finish, coating, adhesive

Translucent Dense organic

material Tensile

0.025mm thick ASTM D683Extension indicator

(See Fig B-11)

13Textiles

(See Fig. A-13)

Floor and Wall covering, Weather proofing

Tensile Two-Dimensional

structure 0.5” x 0.5” ASTM C648 Tile Cutter

(See Fig B- 11)

14 Coarse Aggregates

(See Fig. A-14)

Roads Compressive Strength and Absorption

1600 lb/yd3 ASTM C127 Oven(See Fig B- 12)

Sieves(See Fig B-3)

15Brick

(See Fig. A-15)Wall covering, floor covering

Compressive Strength = 1500 – 300 psi

2.25” x 3.75” x 8” ASTM C67 UTM(See Fig B-4)

16Marble

(See Fig. A-16)Wall, column facing, flooring

Compressive Strength

Absorption rate 0.06%-0.001%

185 lb/ft3ASTM C503

ASTM C503M

Balance Pan(See Fig B-13)

Tile Cutter(See Fig B- 11)

17Slate

(See Fig. A-17)

Flooring, window, silts, stool

Compressive Absorption rate

0.01% - 0.02%185 lb/ft3

ASTM C120ASTM C120M

Tinius olsen(See Fig B- 14)

UTM(See Fig B- 4)

18Axle Steel

(See Fig. A-18)

Rebar, concrete reinforcement

Tensile Yield point – 33000

psi

4.25” x 8”5” x 9”

5.5” x 10”6” x 11”

ASTM A160ASTM A616

Tensometer(See Fig B- 10)

19Aluminum

(See Fig. A-19)

Window, Roofing, Cladding, Curtain walling

Compressive Low density

Defabricated ASTM B209M Aluminum Cutter(See Fig B- 15)

20Stone veneer(See Fig. A-20)

Slabs, Masonry Fire Resistant1” thick ASTM C55 Decorative mold

(See Fig B- 16)

21Teflon (PTPE)(See Fig. A-21)

Electrical Insulation, Heavy wall tubing

Specific heat capacity 1050

Thermal Expansion 100 10−6 k

610mm x 610mm1200mm x 1000mm

ASTM D1710ASTM D1675

Tensometer(See Fig B- 10)

Elongation testing Machine

(See Fig B- 17)

22Steel

(See Fig. A-22)Beams, Columns

Tensile0.5” thick2” length

ASTM A370 Tensometer(See Fig B- )

23 Hollow block(See Fig. A-23)

Wall partition Compressive 8” x 8” ASTM E447 UTM(See Fig B- 4)

Trowel

(See Fig B- 18)

24Asphalt

(See Fig. A-24)Road Ductility 6” x 6” x 12” ASTM C113

Briquette mold(See Fig B- 19)

Thermometer(See Fig B- 20)

25Lumber

(See Fig. A-25)Frameworks, Furnishing

Compressive Moist Control

38mm x 38mm ASTM d198 UTM(See Fig B- 4)

Figures

A. Construction Materials

Fig. A-1 Fig. A-2 Fig. A-3 Fig. A-4 Fig. A-5

Fig. A-6 Fig. A-7 Fig. A-8 Fig. A-9 Fig. A-10

Fig. A-11 Fig. A-12 Fig. A-13 Fig. A-14 Fig. A-15

Fig. A-16 Fig. A-17 Fig. A-18 Fig. A-19 Fig. A-20

Fig. A-21 Fig. A-22 Fig. A-23 Fig. A-24 Fig. A-25

B. Apparatus and Equipments

Fig B-1 Fig B-2

.

Fig B-3 Fig B-4

Fig B-5 Fig B-6 Fig B-7 Fig B-8

Fig B-9 Fig B-10 Fig B-11 Fig B-12

Fig B-13 Fig B-14 Fig B-15 Fig B-16

Fig B-17 Fig B-18 Fig B-19 Fig B-20

References[1] Hicks, M. (2008). Testing standards for slate roofing. RCI Inc.[2] Liebing, R. (2001). The construction industry: Processes, players, and practices. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall.[3] Peurifoy, R. (1970). Construction planning, equipment, and methods (2d ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.[4] Smith, R. (1973). Materials of construction (2d ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.[5] Somayaji, S. (2001). Civil engineering materials (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. [6] Thornton, P., & Colangelo, V. (1985). Fundamentals of engineering materials. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. [7] Astm standards in building codes. (2009). Philadelphia: Astm. [8] Pictures taken from www.google.com