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Ramnish SinghIT AdvisorMicrosoft Corporation
Network & Storage Virtualization
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Storage Virtualization
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Storage virtualization: Process of abstracting logical storage from physical storage.
Key Concepts
Address space remapping
Meta-data
I/O redirection
Storage Virtualization
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CapabilitiesReplication
Remote data replicationSynchronous MirroringAsynchronous Mirroring
Point-In-Time snapshots
Pooling
Disk ManagementThin ProvisioningDisk expansion and shrinking
Storage Virtualization
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BenefitsNon-disruptive data migrationImproved utilizationFewer points of management
RisksBacking out a failed implementationInteroperability and vendor supportComplexityMeta-data managementPerformance and scalability
Storage Virtualization
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Host-based
Storage device-based
Network-based
Implementation Approaches
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Use specific device driversEvery OS has its own logical volume manager
ProsNo additional hardware or infrastructure requirements Simple to design and code Supports any storage type Improves storage utilization without thin provisioning restrictions
ConsStorage utilization optimized only on a per host basis Replication and data migration only possible locally to that host Software is unique to each operating system No easy way of keeping host instances in sync with other instances
Host Based
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Storage controller provides the virtualization services Provide pooling and meta-data management services
ProsNo additional hardware or infrastructure requirements Provides most of the benefits of storage virtualization
ConsStorage utilization optimized only across the connected controllers Replication and data migration only possible across the connected controllers and same vendors device for long distance support Downstream controller attachment limited to vendors support matrix I/O Latency, non cache hits require the primary storage controller to issue a secondary downstream I/O request
Storage device-based
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Storage controller provides the virtualization services Provide pooling and meta-data management services
ProsTrue heterogeneous storage virtualization Caching of data (performance benefit) is possible when in-band Single management interface for all virtualized storage Replication services across heterogeneous devices
ConsComplex interoperability matrices - limited by vendors support Difficult to implement fast meta-data updates in switched devices Out-of-band requires specific host based software In-band may add latency to I/O In-band the most complication to design and code
Network-based
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Appliance based Dedicated hardware devices that provide SAN connectivity of one form or anotherSit between the hosts and storage I/O requests are targeted at the appliance itselfMost implementations provide some form of clustering of individual appliances
Switch basedReside in the physical switch hardware used to connect the SAN devicesSit between the hosts and storage Difficult to ensure atomic updates of meta-data in a switched environment and services requiring fast updates of data
Appliance-based vs. Switch-based
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In-bandIn-band, also known as symmetric, virtualization devices actually sit in the data path between the host and storageI/O requests and their data pass through the deviceHosts perform I/O to the device directly and never interact with the storage itself
Out-of-bandOut-of-band, also known as asymmetric, virtualization devices are sometimes called meta-data servers These devices only perform the meta-data mapping functionsNo caching possible as the data never passes through the device.
In-band vs. Out-of-band
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Network Virtualization
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Network virtualization: Process of combining hardware and software network resources and network functionality into a single, software-based administrative entity.
Categories
External Network Virtualization
Internal Network Virtualization
Combined Internal and External Network Virtualization
Network Virtualization
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Network Hardware
Networks
Network Storage Devices
Network Media
Virtual Network Components
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One or more local networks are combined or subdivided into virtual networks, with the goal of improving the efficiency of a large corporate network or data center
Key Components
VLANNetwork Switch
External Network Virtualization
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Single system combined with hypervisor control programs or pseudo-interfaces such as the VNIC, to create a “network in a box.”Networks
Solution improves overall efficiency of a single system by isolating applications to separate containers and/or pseudo interfaces.
Internal Network Virtualization
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Single system offers both internal and external network virtualization
Base concept is to use Hypervisor to manage connectivity for both Host and well as Guest systems through implementation of a virtual switch.
Combined Internal & External Network Virtualization
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Hyper-V Networking
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Windows Server 2008
Windows Kernel
OS
Provided by:
Hyper-V ArchitectureISV / IHV / OEM
Microsoft Hyper-V
Ring -1Windows hypervisor
“Designed for Windows” Server Hardware
Kernel Mode
User Mode
Parent Partition
Applications
IHV Driver
s
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Windows Server 2008
Windows Kernel VSP
OS
Provided by:
Hyper-V Architecture
Applications
Non-Hypervisor Aware OS
Emulation
ISV / IHV / OEM
Microsoft Hyper-V
Microsoft / XenSource
Ring -1
Applications
Xen-Enabled Linux Kernel
Linux VSC
Hypercall Adapter
VMBus
Windows hypervisor
“Designed for Windows” Server Hardware
Kernel Mode
User Mode
Child PartitionsParent Partition
WMI Provider
VM Service
VM Worker Process
Applications
VMBus
Applications
Windows Server 2003,
2008
VMBus
Windows Kernel VSC
IHV Driver
s
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Two physical network adapters at minimum
One for management
One (or more) for VM networking
Dedicated NIC(s) for iSCSI
Connect parent to back-end management network
Only expose guests to internet traffic
Hyper-V Networking
Windows Server 2008
Windows Kernel VSP
Windows hypervisor
Child PartitionsParent Partition
WMI Provider
VM Service
VM Worker Process
Applications
VMBus
Applications
Windows Server 2003, 2008
VMBus
Windows Kernel VSC
IHV Drivers
“Designed For Windows” Server Hardware
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Example 1:Physical Server has 4 network adaptersNIC 1: Assigned to parent partition for managementNICs 2/3/4: Assigned to virtual switches for virtual machine networkingStorage is non-iSCSI such as:
Direct attachSAS or Fibre Channel
Hyper-V Network Configurations
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Hyper-V Setup & Networking 1
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Hyper-V Setup & Networking 2
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Hyper-V Setup & Networking 3
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Windows Server 2008
Each VM On Its Own Switch…
Applications
VM2
Ring -1
Applications
VM3
Windows hypervisor
“Designed for Windows” Server Hardware
Kernel Mode
User Mode
Child PartitionsParent Partition
WMI Provider
VM Service
VM Worker Process
VMBus
Applications
VM1
VMBus
Windows Kernel VSC
Mgmt NIC 1
VMBus
Windows Kernel VSC
VMBus
Linux Kernel VSCVSP
VSwitch 1 NIC 2
VSwitch 2 NIC 3
VSwitch 3 NIC 4
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Example 2:Server has 4 physical network adaptersNIC 1: Assigned to parent partition for managementNIC 2: Assigned to parent partition for iSCSINICs 3/4: Assigned to virtual switches for virtual machine networking
Hyper-V Network Configurations
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Hyper-V Setup, Networking & iSCSI
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Windows Server 2008
Now With iSCSI…
Applications
VM2
Ring -1
Applications
VM3
Windows hypervisor
“Designed for Windows” Server Hardware
Kernel Mode
User Mode
Child PartitionsParent Partition
WMI Provider
VM Service
VM Worker Process
VMBus
Applications
VM1
VMBus
Windows Kernel VSC
Mgmt NIC 1
VMBus
Windows Kernel VSC
VMBus
Linux Kernel VSC
VSP
VSwitch 1 NIC 2
VSwitch 2 NIC 3
VSwitch 3 NIC 4
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Networking: Parent Partition
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Networking: Virtual Switches
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Online Resources
Microsoft Virtualization Home:http://www.microsoft.com/virtualization
Windows Server Virtualization Blog Site:http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/default.aspx
Windows Server Virtualization TechNet Site:http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/servermanager/virtualization.mspx
System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 Beta:http://connect.microsoft.com
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© 2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market
conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.