Connect!• Name 3 processes important to the

survival of plants.

• What plant adaptations help plants survive?

Plant Structures and

Life Functions

Structures

• Like humans and unicellular organisms, plants perform the same life functions.

• Plants are multicellular.

1. Structure – the structure of seed plants

a. Roots 1. absorb water and dissolved minerals from the soil

2. anchor plants to the ground and hold plant upright

Types of Roots

b. Stems 1. support the plant body and carry materials up and

down the plant, from leaves to roots and vice versa

2 Types of Stems

• A – Monocot – scattered bundles of veins• B – Dicot – circular bundles of veins

c. Leaves 1. food factories that carry out photosynthesis

2. are broad and flat to better absorb light

Chunk Time• Describe 2 functions of roots.• Name and give examples of 2 types of roots.• What are the functions of stems?• Describe the appearance of monocot stems, and

dicot stems.• What is the function of leaves?• What type of roots are shown below?

Life Functions2. Autotrophic Nutrition• is the manufacture of complex organic

compounds (food) from simple inorganic raw materials

• is done by autotrophs like plants and algae• occurs when light is available

3. Transport• Many plants have veins that run from the roots

to the leaves; these veins allow water to be carried up and food up and down

• Xylem are the tubes for water, Phloem tubes carry food

4. Gas Exchange• although plants do not have lungs like humans,

they are able to exchange gases with the environment for purposes of photosynthesis and respiration

Trees take Carbon Dioxide. PLANT MORE.Trees take Carbon Dioxide. PLANT MORE.

Trees give oxygen. PLANT MORE.

Stomates• are openings in the leaves which allow the

exchange of gases; • stomates also release water in the process of

transpiration

Lenticels• are openings in the stems which also allow for

gas exchange

Chunk Time

• Define autotrophic nutrition.• What is the complex organic compound made?• How does transport occur in a plant?• What do phloem tubes carry? Xylem?• What gas does a plant give off? Take in?• Give two functions of stomates.• Explain how stomates help maintain homeostasis.• What are lenticels?

5. Excretion• although plants don’t use the bathroom like

humans, they have chemical wastes that must be dealt with

• the solution is to store these toxins in lg. vacuoles where they can’t injure the plant

6. Regulation• You will never see a tree running from a

lumberjack… yet trees, like other plants, can respond to their environment through growth responses called tropisms

AUXINS

are on the

DARKSIDE

7. Reproduction• Like many other organisms, plants reproduce

sexually (yes, sexually!) and are highly adapted to do so.

• Many plants also can reproduce asexually, which is called vegetative propagation.

Chunk Time• How do plants carry out excretion?• How do plants carry out regulation?• Define tropism.• Describe how phototropism occurs.• Define vegetative propagation, and give some ex.• What is the sex organ of a plant for sexual repro?

JFF

Image Sources• Potato plant - www.indiana.edu/~oso/animations/potato.gif • Plant - www.agen.ufl.edu/.../BIOBK/BioBookPLANTANAT.htm • Roots - extension.oregonstate.edu/.../images/fig2.gif , www.ars.usda.gov/.../2005-X-PlantRoot.jpg • Stems - science.howstuffworks.com/stem-info.htm , www.vcbio.science.ru.nl/.../primmeristem/ • Leaves - www.missouriplants.com/Others/Cornus_florida_.. • Glucose - health.howstuffworks.com/diabetes1.htm • Poster - world-is-natural.org/page11/page11.html • Stomates - evolution.berkeley.edu/.../stoma_diagram.gif, www.hobart.k12.in.us/jkousen/Biology/phobig.html , showcase.unis.org

/.../IBHbio3_knowledge.html , www.agen.ufl.edu/.../BIOBK/BioBookPLANTANAT.htm , www.nicksnowden.net/Module_2_Biology_pages/wa..

• Lenticels - www.biog1105-1106.org/.../plant.anatomy.html • Plant cell - www.jimmyjanesays.com/.../04/plant-cell.html • Cartoon - www.jtrue.com/cartoons/53.html