Modeling Clinical Information Using UML (Unified Modeling Language)

Sakda Arj-ong Vallipakorn, MD, Ph.D.MSIT, MAIS.(Information Science)

Section For Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine

Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University

Software Development

• Concerned with the whole process, not just drafting documents

SDLC (Software Develop Life Cycle)

Objectives

RequirementsSetting, MethodVariables

DevelopmentConduct andAnalysis

ImplementProductivityMaintain & ImproveGap Analysis-Future Research

Waterfall : SDLC

Spiral model : SDLC2 Loops Development

M

Models VS. Diagrams

• “Model” is all information in a project• “Model” may include glossary, data dictionary etc.• “Model” is much more than a collection of diagrams• Each diagram is just one view on a “Model” • Most “Model” contain dozens of diagram

Diagrams

Model

• Pictorial language => common symbols + relationships which have one common meaning.

• Represents a formalization of analysis and design.

Background• 1970 – Object-oriented modeling languages (OOL)

began to appear.• 1996 – Release of UML 0.9 by by Grady Booch, Jim

Rumbaugh of Rational Software Corporation, IvarJacobson of Objectory company.

• 1996 – Release of UML 1.0 by Digital Equipment, HP, ILogix, IntelliCorp, IBM, ICON, MCI, Microsoft, Oracle, Rational, TI and Unisys.

• 1997 – Release of UML 1.1 by IBM, ObjecTime,• Platinum, Ptech, Taskon, Reich and Softeam• 2001 – Work on UML 2.0 specifications and later version

2.1-2.2

Thingsor Elements

• Smallest in model

Relationships• Thing –Thing• Element--Element

Diagrams

• Grouping• Same

properties

The basic building block of UML

Element

Usefulness of UML • Pictorial Modeling Language to simulate

system of understanding between elements and associations

• UML use simple to complex diagram to describe a system working before real development

• UML use to tell system specification, requirement, analysis and how to develop system

• UML work as storages of system documentations, glossary, data dictionary in each step.

• Generate roughly idea of SOP, Conceptual model & frame work in research

• Software/Web Application development in Healthcare Research– CPG/Guideline– Data Registry/ Data Warehouse and mining

• Clinical Research• Medical Informatics Research• Information Technology Research

Usefulness of UMLIn Medical informatics

Usefulness of UML

Usefulness of UML Usefulness of UML

Usefulness of UML Usefulness of UML

Usefulness of UML

Usefulness of UML

Usefulness of UML

Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 9, 789-796

Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 9, 789-796

Usefulness of UML

Example Elements : YesBehaviors : No

Example : Taxonomy

UML

Elements(Things) Relationships Diagrams

UML• UML (Unified Modeling Language) is graphical

notation standardization by Object Management Group (OMG) to modeling system, divided to 3 groups• 1.Structural Diagram

Class Diagram, Object Diagram, Component Diagram, and Deployment Diagram

• 2. Behavioral DiagramUse Case Diagram, Sequence Diagram, Activity Diagram, Collaboration Diagram, and State chart Diagram

• 3. Grouping Diagram Packages, Subsystems, and Models

3 model axes

• Functional Axis– Use Case Diagram *– System Sequence Diagram– (Activity Diagram) *

Use case diagram(cont)

• Use Case Diagram : Pictorial showing process of user interacting with subsystem within whole system ( Macro requirement of system).

• Showing list of capabilities the system must provide.

Use case diagram (cont)• Represent totality of system in the form of

entities, processes and their interactions• Captures the system as snapshot of its

organizational and behavioral elements

• <<Extend Relationship>>Actor Use case

Association

Boundary

Epidemiology RACE 615

• Known overall ability of system• Known subsystem users and behaviors• Easy to communicate between developer

and users• Acting as preliminary test of system tailor made

to requirement • Help developer to classify activities or processes

in system• Act as basic diagram explained as non-complicated

pictures

• Actor : who acting with system, send-receive or exchange task of data/information e.g., ordering of customer by phone

• Use Case : function or task of work in system e.g., storage checking, ordering etc.

• Relationship is relation or association between Use Case and Actor

• System boundary

Try to write Use case ?

Try to write Use case of ATM withdrawal

Try to write Use case of OPD Services

Try to write Use case of DM Clinic

• Static Axis– Class Diagram (Object Diagram)*– Component Diagram (Deployment Diagram)

• Is the description of a set of objects• Defines the structure of the states and thebehaviors shared by all the objects of theclass (called instances)• Defines a template for creating instances– Names and types of all fields– Names, signatures, and implementations of allmethods

Class 2.Class diagram(cont)Class Diagram

Notation of classNotation for classes

Name

Attributes

Method

Class diagram example

Class diagram• Class Diagram show a Static Relationship

(not Dynamic Relationship) • Class Diagram show the grouping of each

classes and their relations• Component of Class(Name-Attribute-Method)

and Relationship of Classes and function will show in Class Diagram

Class (Relationship)• Dependency Relationship :

e.g. “Class Customer” and “Class Order”“Class Order” depend on “Class Customer” because when customer change the request of order, or increase amount of production the ordering will be update directly base on customer

• Inheritance Relationships:e.g. Super class will inherit property of class through Sub class (mother daughter)

• Association Relationships:“Class student” association with “Class RACE615” in aspect of study registration

• Dynamic Axis– State Diagram *– Collaborative Diagram– (Sequential Diagram)– (Activity Diagram)

State DiagramState Diagram

Start

Stop

Stop

State Diagram : Elements

Example Example

Example Composite states

Activity DiagramActivity Diagram : Elements

Activity control nodes Example

Study Research

Brief in Study Research

In Depth Interviewing &Answer the questionnaire

Computerized Tomography Scan Head

Example Example

Example Example : Hotel reservation

Example

Example

State Diagram VS. Activity Diagram State Diagram VS. Activity Diagram

Interaction Diagram Sequence Diagram : main entities

Sequence Diagram Components Sequence Diagram : elements

Sequence Diagram Message between objects

Sequence Diagram : FlowExample

Example Example

ExampleExample Communication(Collaboration) Diagram

Communication Diagram

Communication Diagram

Example

Sequential Diagram VS. Communication Diagram

Main Diagrams Diagrams in lifecycle (SDLC)

Different of objectives of design Diagram Conclusions

Summary

Thank Youfor

Attention