conceptos basicos de redes
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BASIC’SNETWORK CONCEPTS
Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
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Learn about network topologies
Learn about the OSI model
Understand physical layer functions
Understand data link layer functions
Learn about other layer’s functions
Objectives
Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
Network TopologiesNetwork topology is the layout pattern of interconnections of the various elements of a computer network.
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
Network TopologiesPhysical topology means the physical design of a network including the devices, location and cable installation.
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
Basic topology types This classification is based on the interconnection between computers be it physical or logical.
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
Basic topology types
Bus Topology In local area networks where bus topology is used, each node is connected to a single cable. Each computer or server is connected to the single bus cable through some kind of connector. A terminator is required at each end of the bus cable to prevent the signal from bouncing back and forth on the bus cable. A signal from the source travels in both directions to all machines connected on the bus cable until it finds the MAC address or IP address on the network that is the intended recipient.
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
Basic topology types
Star Topology In local area networks with a star topology, each network host is connected to a central hub. In contrast to the bus topology, the star topology connects each node to the hub with a point-to-point connection. All traffic that traverses the network passes through the central hub.
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
Basic topology types
Ring Topology A network topology that is set up in a circular fashion in which data travels around the ring in one direction and each device on the right acts as a repeater to keep the signal strong as it travels. Each device incorporates a receiver for the incoming signal and a transmitter to send the data on to the next device in the ring.
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
Basic topology types
Mesh Topology
The value of fully meshed networks is proportional to the exponent of the number of subscribers, assuming that communicating groups of any two endpoints, up to and including all the endpoints, is approximated by Reed's Law.
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
Basic topology types
Tree Topology Also known as a hierarchy network. The type of network topology in which a central 'root' node (the top level of the hierarchy) is connected to one or more other nodes that are one level lower in the hierarchy with a point-to-point link between each of the second level nodes and the top level central 'root' node, while each of the second level nodes.
Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
OSI Model
The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model) was a product of the Open Systems Interconnection effort at the International Organization for Standardization.
It is a way of sub-dividing a communications system into smaller parts called layers. Similar communication functions are grouped into logical layers.
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
OSI Layers
Physical Layer The physical layer, the lowest layer of the OSI model, is concerned with the transmission and reception of the unstructured raw bit stream over a physical medium.
It describes the electrical/optical, mechanical, and functional interfaces to the physical medium, and carries the signals for all of the higher layers.
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
OSI Layers
Data Link Layer
The data link layer provides error-free transfer of data frames from one node to another over the physical layer, allowing layers above it to assume virtually error-free transmission over the link. To do this, the data link layer provides:
• Link establishment and termination• Frame traffic control• Frame sequencing• Frame acknowledgment Frame delimiting• Frame error checking
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
OSI Layers
Network Layer The network layer controls the operation of the subnet, deciding which physical path the data should take based on network conditions, priority of service, and other factors. It provides:
• Routing• Subnet traffic control• Frame fragmentation• Logical-physical address mapping• Subnet usage accounting
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
OSI Layers
Transport Layer
The transport layer ensures that messages are delivered error-free, in sequence, and with no losses or duplications. It relieves the higher layer protocols from any concern with the transfer of data between them and their peers.
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
OSI Layers
Session Layer
The session layer allows session establishment between processes running on different stations. It provides:
Session establishment, maintenance and termination: allows two application processes on different machines to establish, use and terminate a connection, called a session.
Session support: performs the functions that allow these processes to communicate over the network, performing security, name recognition, logging, and so on.
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
OSI Layers
Presentation Layer
The presentation layer formats the data to be presented to the application layer. It can be viewed as the translator for the network. This layer may translate data from a format used by the application layer into a common format at the sending station, then translate the common format to a format known to the application layer at the receiving station.
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz
OSI Layers
Application Layer
The application layer serves as the window for users and application processes to access network services. This layer contains a variety of commonly needed functions:
• Resource sharing and device redirection• Remote file access• Remote printer access• Inter-process communication• Network management• Directory services• Electronic messaging (such as mail), Network virtual terminals.
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Las Americas Institute of Technology
Network Infrastructure Essentials: Basic’s Network Concepts Presented by: Frank David De La Cruz