concept of commodity market
TRANSCRIPT
CONCEPT
Commodity futures are tool used to hedge the price risk of underlying commodity.
Helps in price discovery of underlying commodity
Helps in stabilizing the price of commodity for longer term.
Reduce the price disparity over two geographical locations and bridge the demand/supply position over two locations and manage the regional distortion
Bring out the information about the commodity indicating the price trend.
CURRENT ISSUES FOR GROWTH OF MARKET
Lack of education and awareness of exchange amongst the marks of Investors, Traders (resulting low liquidity)
Low participation of Indian Corporate (Again due to the above)
Common delivery system for all exchange in demat form, which would ensure automatically the product standards
Delay in formations of Regulation for Institutional Investor, which are in pipeline.
The differential Sales Tax & Local Tax requires an early introduction of Value added Tax System.
The delivery center of commodity should be in multiple locations as presently in one location for one product in most of commodities.
COMMODITY MARKET IN INDIAN SCENARIO
Bullion
Market
Largest consumer (Rs. 400 bn) – traditional form of investment
Large stock of unaccounted metal
Skills in hand made jewellery
Potential
Use it as monetary unit to boost rural economy
Effective instrument for investment diversification
Boost jewellery exports
Impediments
Differences in sales tax, octroi & stamp duty among states
Lack of good assaying practices – difficult to liquidate
Little avenue to hedge price risk of jewellery exporters
Other metals
Market
Indian Production (Al, Cu & steel) – Rs. 600 bn
Largest exporter of iron ore and alumina
Large importer of copper
Current trade by negotiation / price setting by producers
Potential
Increased scope for aluminum & steel exports
(as against alumina and iron ore)
Stable metal prices can fuel boom in downstream industries
Rival China as preferred manufacturing location
Growth in manufacturing to equal that in services
Impediments
No organised exchange in India – price discovery difficult
Significant PSU participation
Agriculture
Market
Agricultural share in GDP – 26% (Rs. 5000 bn)
Large producer of cotton, cereals, sugar, fruits, spices etc
Current exports of about USD 4 bn
Specific commodity based exchanges – not very successful
Potential
Diverse gene pool and climatic conditions
Increase in agricultural exports – sugar, cereals
Increase in processed foods production & consumption
Impediments
Restrictions on inter state movement
Poor transport & warehousing – 30% wastage in cereals
Member controlled exchanges – transparency issues
Power
Market
Large requirement and trading in Power units
Exports and imports of excessive units.
Specific commodity based exchanges – not very successful
Potential
Diverse climatic conditions
Increase in demand.
Increase in disinvestments among PSU’s involved in trading.
Impediments
Restrictions on inter state movement
Poor transport mechanism
No organised exchange in India – price discovery difficult
Significant PSU participation
Trade Potential Physical trade (Rs. in
bn)
3 time multiple (Rs. in
bn)
5 time multiple (Rs. in bn)
Bullion 400 1,200 2,000
Metals 600 1,800 3,000
Agriculture
5,000 15,000 25,000
Energy 5,000 15,000 25,000
Total 11,000 33,000 55,000
ADVANTAGE THE ORGANIZED SECTOR OFFERS
Facilitate high quality intermediation
Foster professionalism and transparency
Nation-wide reach and consistent offering
Provide impetus to commodity market and generate higher volumes
Inculcate international best practices
Demutualisation
Technology platforms
Information dissemination without noise
Low cost solutions
FUTURE PROSPECTS
The prospect of commodity exchange in India store a bundle of opportunities in term of following:
In term of volume, as many of market player would tend to participate for their ask management which would ensure liquidity for the lines to come.
FUTURE PROSPECTS contd.
Since the exchange would play like a nationwide common market, it would reduce the dis-equilibrium of price/demand supply
Creation of employment opportunities.
The participation of institutional Investor, like Files, Mutual Funds, would with distinct emails and provide further depth to the market.
Commodity Exchange Products Approx Annual Vol. (Rs. Crore)
NBoT, Indore Soya, Mustard 80,000
NMCE, Ahmedabad Multiple 40,000
Ahmedabad Commodity Exch.
Castor, Cotton seed
3,500
Rajdhani Oil & OilSeeds Mustard 3,500
Vijai Beopar Ch., Muzzaffarnagar
Gur 2,500
Rajkot Seeds Oil & Bullion Castor, Groundnut 2,500
IPSTA, Cochin Pepper 2,500
Chamber of Commerce, Hapur
Gur, Mustard 2,500
Bhatinda Om and Oil & Oilseeds
Gur 1,500
Others (mostly inactive) 1,500
TOTAL 140,000
Volume of Existing Exchanges
ARBITRAGE IN COMMODITY EXCHANGE
Arbitrage can be in the following ways:
Cash (Spot market Vs. future market)
Future Vs Future (Intra Exchange)
Domestic Vs International.
WHY ARBITRAGE OPPORTUNITIES EXITS
Different in perception of different investors;
Demand and supply over market or over location
Market inefficiency
ADVANTAGES OF ARBITRAGE
Reduces market inefficiency
Provide liquidity to the market
Act like a market equalizer tool
Ensure risk free profit