CONCEPT

MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

Presented byNeelima Mishra

Amazing life ! HOW DID IT EVOLVE?

OVERALL CURRICULUM EXPECTATION

C 2. Investigate evolutionary processes, and analyse scientific evidence that supports the theory of evolution;

C 3. Demonstrate the understanding of the theory of evolution, the evidence that supports it, and some of the mechanisms by which it occurs

SPECIFIC EXPECTATION

C2.1 use appropriate terminology related to evolution

C2.2 use a research process to investigate some of the key factors that affect the evolutionary process

C2.4 investigate, through a case study or computer simulation, the process of natural selection and artificial selection and analyse the different mechanisms by which it occurs

C3.4 describe some evolutionary mechanisms and explain how they affect the evolutionary development and extinction of various species

Mechanisms Altering Gene and Gene Frequency

RECOMBINATION

NON RANDOM MATING

MUTATION

GENETIC DRIFT

GENE FLOW

BIOTECHNOLOGY

Mechanisms Deciding the Fate of Altered Gene

SELECTION

MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

NATURAL SELECTION

ARTIFICIAL SELECTION

STABILIZING SELECTION

SEXUAL SELECTION

DISRUPTIVE SELECTION

KIN SELECTION

DIRECTIONAL SELECTION

CONCEPT OVERVIEW

LESSON-I a MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

INTRODUCTION

ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING- Evolution survey http://www.indiana.edu/~ensiweb/lessons/ev.surv.pdf

•Class discussion on various misconceptions.

• Brief review of meaning of evolution and

Evidences of evolution

LESSON-I b MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

Concept overview with the help of flow chart.

Students complete blank copy of flow chart.

Students write vocabulary from text book.

CONCEPT OVERVIEW AND VOCBULARY

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZiEqcQtxuDs&feature=view_all&list=PL2A057978091E5780&index=1

“The Hook”

--till18.17 minutesAsk how many mechanisms they are already familiar with?

LESSON-II a MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

GENETIC RECOMBINATION

Students are familiar with these concepts. We need to discuss the role of these mechanisms in altering genes.

1.Video to review meiosis as a source of genetic variation.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kCnQOrh7KUg

2. Student will share their understanding of role meiosis in creating genetic variation with their partner.

MUTATION3. Introduce definition of mutation.Students will watch the video to understand different mutation and will take notes.Gene Mutationhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQiGUAeh3TE&feature=mfu_inorder&list=UL

Chromosomal Mutation-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XAGxp9j5rtc&feature=related

4.Explain the difference between somatic and gamete cell mutations and the role that they play in cancer and evolution respectively.

LESSON-II b MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

LESSON-II c MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

Explain the meaning , types

And

discuss evolutionary consequences of non random mating on gene pool

NON-RANDOM MATING

LESSON-III a MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

GENETIC DRIFT

1.Teacher will introduce the concept of genetic drift, bottleneck effect and founder effect with examples. Use pictures to help them visualise different scenario.

2.Discuss Founder effect-(Different ethnic groups in Canada--- effect on gene pool)

3. Demonstrate the bottleneck effect .

4.Ask students to research more scenario and example.

5.Student will do the following activity-http://www.delaneyweb.com/teems/miniunit/geneticdriftactivity.html

LESSON-III b MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

GENE FLOWDiscussion to assess the effect of emigration, immigration on the frequency and variety of genes.http://www.delaneyweb.com/teems/miniunit/geneflowactivity.html

How gene flow affects the differences in two populations.

BIOTECHNOLOGYExplain the meaning and ask students to write about the effect of this artificial gene alteration and share the opinions with class.

LESSON-III c MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

LESSON-IV a MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

NATURAL SELECTION

Clip Bird Activity

http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/search/lessonsummary.php?audience_level[3]=9-12&topic_id=&keywords=&type_id=2&sort_by=resource_title&Submit=Search&thisaudience=9-12&resource_id=35

Optional – Gizmo Activity-Natural Selection

http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=447&ClassID=0

LESSON-IV b MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

Explain stabilizing, directional and disruptive selection using transparencies and projector.

Provide one example and ask students to contribute.

NATURAL SELECTION

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/01/6/l_016_09.html

LESSON-V MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

Special forms of natural selection

1. Sexual selection

2.Kin selection – discuss altruistic behaviour in animal kingdom

Cumulative Selection- Playing card activityhttp://www.indiana.edu/~ensiweb/lessons/ns.cum.l.html

LESSON-VI MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

ARTIFICIAL SELECTION

Gizmo Simulation Activity

http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=575&ClassID=0

http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/search/lessonsummary.php?audience_level[3]=9-12&topic_id=&keywords=&type_id=2&sort_by=resource_title&Submit=Search&thisaudience=9-12&resource_id=216

Dog Breeding- Classroom Activity- optional

STUDENT’S MISCONCEPTIONS

#1 Evolution results in progress; organisms are always getting better through evolution.

#3Natural selection is about survival of the very fittest individuals in a population.

#2 Individual organisms can evolve during a single lifespan.

#4 Natural selection produces organisms perfectly suited to their environments

#5 “Natural selection involves organisms ‘trying’ to adapt.”

#6 “Natural selection gives organisms what they ‘need. ”

#7 Genetic drift only occurs in small populations

STUDENT’S MISCONCEPTIONS

For Rectification of these misconceptions please refer to summary hand out

SAFETY1. Simulations are best conducted under low light conditions.

Students should remain at their lab stations while light levels are low.

2. Beads are a hazard if dropped on the floor. Students can easily trip on round beads. Ensure that student pick up any dropped bead immediately.

3. Require accounting for all items supplied to prevent any items from remaining on the site. This requirement conserves resources and prevents harms to other using the site.

APPLICATIONS AND SOCIETAL ISSUES

An understanding of evolution of drug resistance, origin of disease and processes of evolution may provide clues about how to treat them.

Knowledge of genetic variation and evolutionary relationships helps farmers improve the ability of crops to resist disease.

Understanding evolution helps us solve biological problems that impact our lives

An understanding of how pesticide resistance evolves can provide strategies to minimize pest damage.

It can also help conservationists make decisions about where to focus their efforts for conservation of endangered species

APPLICATIONS AND SOCIETAL ISSUES

SUGGESTIONS

1. Field trip

2.Case study

3.Web cast-http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/evolution/lectures.html

EVALUATION

Assessment For Learning – Diagnostic test to find out Misconceptions.

Assessment AS Learning- Observation, Questioning, Assessing

Students’ worksheet , classroom and online activities.

Assessment Of Learning- paper-pencil test