comsol multiphysics® modeling software - battery …...comsol conference europe 2012 m....

Battery Pack Temperature Distribution Simulation with COMSOL and MATLAB®

24.10.2012

[email protected]

1 Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Systems Group, Institute for

Power Electronics and Electrical Drives (ISEA), RWTH Aachen University, Germany 2 Juelich Aachen Research Alliance, JARA-Energy, Germany 3 Institute for Power Generation and Storage Systems (PGS), E.ON ERC, RWTH

Aachen University, Germany 4 National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), National Science and

Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand

COMSOL CONFERENCE EUROPE 2012

M. Masomtob1,2,4, C. Schaeper1,2, W. Zhou1 and D. U. Sauer1,2,3

Excerpt from the Proceedings of the 2012 COMSOL Conference in Milan

Why COMSOL and MATLAB®

24.10.2012 2 Manop Masomtob

Objective of this Work

Combination between COMSOL and MATLAB® for

a liquid cooling system of a battery pack

COMSOL MATLAB

3D CAD import

FEM and CFD

Monitoring

Large System

Integration

Electric Car


Electric Car

Battery Pack


z y

x

26 Battery Cells

Battery Pack

80 Battery Modules

Inlet Outlet

Diagram of the Cooling System


SIDE A

SIDE B

First Floor

Second Floor Third Floor

Fourth Floor

Inlet Outlet

Simplifying the Cooling System


SIDE A

SIDE B

First Floor

Second Floor Third Floor

Fourth Floor

Inlet Outlet

Flow rate in each

channel, 12.5 %

1 st

BM 2 nd

BM

9 th

BM

3 r d

BM

10 th

BM

Coolant inlet

T=constant

T = f(t)

Series Cooling Coolant outlet

Simulation problem


Heat generation in each battery module depends on electric load.

T = constant value T = f(t) T = f(t)

1 st BM 2

nd BM

9 th BM

3 r d BM

10 th BM

Coolant inlet

T=constant

T = f(t)

Series Cooling Coolant outlet

Q= f(t)

Techniques for Simulation


10 Battery

Modules in

COMSOL Only

One Battery Module at a time

COMSOL Only COMSOL with

MATLAB

Time of mesh

Generation - Medium Medium

Data

Management Not Required Medium Automatic

Computer

Performance High Medium Low

Total runtime - Normal Faster

Soildworks ® – 3D CAD Making


3D CAD from

Solidworks®

COMSOL V4.2

Heat Conjugate

Module

m.file of 1st

Battery Module

m.file for

Running

Management

m.file of 2nd

Battery Module

m.file of 10th

Battery module

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Output

txt. file

m. file MATLAB® Modify

Parasolid.file

Simpify

COMSOL – Setting

24.10.2012 Manop Masomtob

3D CAD from

Solidworks®

COMSOL V4.2

Heat Conjugate

Module

m.file of 1st

Battery Module

m.file for

Running

Management

m.file of 2nd

Battery Module

m.file of 10th

Battery module

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Output

txt. file


□ Material Property

□ Boundary Condition

□ Mesh Generation

□ Heat Conjugate Module

□ Laminar Flow

□ Transient Study

Parasolid.file

Running

m.file

10

To test model in COMSOL

MATLAB ® – m. file of Battery Module modify


3D CAD from

Solidworks®

COMSOL V4.2

Heat Conjugate

Module

m.file of 1st

Battery Module

m.file for

Running

Management

m.file of 2nd

Battery Module

m.file of 10th

Battery module

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Output

txt. file


Manual Modification

□ So that the m. file from COMSOL can

exchange parameters between m.files.

- Normal Values

- Values in form of txt.file, in case the

values as a function of time

m.file from COMSOL

Modify



model.func.create('int1', 'Interpolation');

model.func('int1').model('mod1');

model.func('int1').set('source', 'file');

model.func('int1').set('filename', 'D:\running model\Version1\Heat_Loss.txt');

model.func('int1').setIndex('funcs', 'Heat', 0, 0);

model.func('int1').importData;

How to import txt.file?

model.physics('nitf').feature('hs1').set('Ptot', 1, 'Heat(t)');

How to use txt.file?

0 80

0.1 80

: :

: :

1200 2.5

Heat_Loss.txt

Time (s) Heat Generation(w)

How to use normal parameter (Constant Value)?

model.physics('nitf').feature('inl1').set('U0in', 1, 'Flow/Area');



3D CAD from

Solidworks®

COMSOL V4.2

Heat Conjugate

Module

m.file of 1st

Battery Module

m.file for

Running

Management

m.file of 2nd

Battery Module

m.file of 10th

Battery module

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Output

txt. file


Manual Modification

□ So that the m. file from COMSOL can

exchange parameters between m.files.

- Normal Values

- Values in form of txt.file, in case the

values as a function of time

m.file from COMSOL

m. file of Battery Module

Modify



3D CAD from

Solidworks®

COMSOL V4.2

Heat Conjugate

Module

m.file of 1st

Battery Module

m.file for

Running

Management

m.file of 2nd

Battery Module

m.file of 10th

Battery module

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Output

txt. file


**One m.file for all Battery Modules**

m. file of Battery Module

MATLAB ® – m. file for running management


3D CAD from

Solidworks®

COMSOL V4.2

Heat Conjugate

Module

m.file of 1st

Battery Module

m.file for

Running

Management

m.file of 2nd

Battery Module

m.file of 10th

Battery module

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Output

txt. file


Functions

□ Start running each m.file of Battery

Module in serial

□ Set parameters both txt.file and

normal values

□ Collect and save the results to txt.file

□ Calibrate the results of previous

battery module before setting the inputs

of next battery module

□ Show runtime of each m.file of Battery

Module

MATLAB ® – Running Process BM-1


3D CAD from

Solidworks®

COMSOL V4.2

Heat Conjugate

Module

m.file of 1st

Battery Module

m.file for

Running

Management

m.file of 2nd

Battery Module

m.file of 10th

Battery module

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Output

txt. file


T = f(t) T = f(t) T = f(t) T = f(t) T = f(t) T = f(t) T = f(t) T = f(t) T = f(t) T = Ti T = f(t)

Input of First battery module

□ Inlet temperature is constant, 298 K.

□ Flow rate of coolant is 1 L/min

□ Heat generation as function of

time(txt.file).



3D CAD from

Solidworks®

COMSOL V4.2

Heat Conjugate

Module

m.file of 1st

Battery Module

m.file for

Running

Management

m.file of 2nd

Battery Module

m.file of 10th

Battery module

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Output

txt. file



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200

Hea

t G

erner

atio

n p

er B

atte

ry M

odule

(W

)

Tem

per

ature

(K

)

Running Time (s)

Flow Rate 1L/min

T_Inlet_BM1 Q_Generation

Input



3D CAD from

Solidworks®

COMSOL V4.2

Heat Conjugate

Module

m.file of 1st

Battery Module

m.file for

Running

Management

m.file of 2nd

Battery Module

m.file of 10th

Battery module

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Output

txt. file



Output of First battery module

□ Outlet temperature depends on heat

generation of BM-1(txt.file)

□ Temperatures of each battery cells (txt.file)

Runtime ranges between 34 to 37 hours.

MATLAB ® – Finished Process BM-1


3D CAD from

Solidworks®

COMSOL V4.2

Heat Conjugate

Module

m.file of 1st

Battery Module

m.file for

Running

Management

m.file of 2nd

Battery Module

m.file of 10th

Battery module

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Output

txt. file



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200

Hea

t G

ern

erat

ion

per

Bat

tery

Mo

du

le (

W)

Tem

per

atu

re (

K)

Running Time (s)

Flow Rate 1L/min

T_Inlet_BM1 T_Outlet_BM1 Q_Generation

Output



3D CAD from

Solidworks®

COMSOL V4.2

Heat Conjugate

Module

m.file of 1st

Battery Module

m.file for

Running

Management

m.file of 2nd

Battery Module

m.file of 10th

Battery module

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Output

txt. file



Input of Second battery module

□ Inlet temperature is outlet temperature of

first battery module (txt.file).

□ Flow rate remains constant at 1 L/min

□ Heat generation as a function of time

(txt.file).

Output of Second battery module

□ Outlet temperature depends on heat

generation of BM-1 and BM-2 (txt.file)

□ Temperatures of each battery cell (txt.file)

MATLAB ® – Finished Process BM-1


3D CAD from

Solidworks®

COMSOL V4.2

Heat Conjugate

Module

m.file of 1st

Battery Module

m.file for

Running

Management

m.file of 2nd

Battery Module

m.file of 10th

Battery module

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Output

txt. file



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200

Hea

t G

ern

erat

ion

per

Bat

tery

Mo

du

le (

W)

Tem

per

atu

re (

K)

Running Time (s)

Flow Rate 1L/min

T_Inlet_BM1 T_Outlet_BM1 T_Outlet_BM2 Q_Generation

MATLAB ® – Finished Process 10 BMs


3D CAD from

Solidworks®

COMSOL V4.2

Heat Conjugate

Module

m.file of 1st

Battery Module

m.file for

Running

Management

m.file of 2nd

Battery Module

m.file of 10th

Battery module

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Input & Output

txt. file

Output

txt. file



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200

Hea

t G

erner

atio

n p

er B

atte

ry M

odule

(W

)

Tem

per

ature

(K

)

Running Time (s)

Flow Rate 1L/min

T_Inlet_BM1 T_Outlet_BM1 T_Outlet_BM2 T_Outlet_BM3

T_Outlet_BM4 T_Outlet_BM5 T_Outlet_BM6 T_Outlet_BM7

T_Outlet_BM8 T_Outlet_BM9 T_Outlet_BM10 Q_Generation

Conclusions


□ The m.file of the Battery Modules from COMSOL is able to run

with the m.file for Running Management to investigate the

temperature distribution of the cooling system in the battery pack

□ Running time of each battery module in COMSOL with MATLAB

is faster than running time in COMSOL, 2 times ( Intel(R) Core

(TM) i7 CPU 930 @ 2.80 GHz 2.80 GHz and 6 GB of RAM)

Furture work

The m.file of Battery Module from COMSOL will be

connected with Simulink/MATLAB for Large system


Thank you for

your attention

Battery Pack Temperature Distribution Simulation with COMSOL and MATLAB®

24.10.2012

[email protected]

1 Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Systems Group, Institute for

Power Electronics and Electrical Drives (ISEA), RWTH Aachen University, Germany 2 Juelich Aachen Research Alliance, JARA-Energy, Germany 3 Institute for Power Generation and Storage Systems (PGS), E.ON ERC, RWTH

Aachen University, Germany 4 National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), National Science and

Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand

COMSOL CONFERENCE EUROPE 2012

M. Masomtob1,2,4, C. Schaeper1,2, W. Zhou1 and D. U. Sauer1,2,3

comsol multiphysics® modeling software - battery …...comsol conference europe 2012 m....

Documents