compost whately grades 4 6 for bill obear
DESCRIPTION
Compost presentation for Whately 5th grade classTRANSCRIPT
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Composting at Whately Elementary School
Bill Obear, Bear Path FarmPresentation by: Ms. Amy Donovan, Program Director
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What is Compost?
• In nature, soil organisms called decomposers eat plants, leaves, and dead animals.
• The end result is soil, or compost.• That compost then nurtures new plants
to grow.
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What is Compost?
Composting uses that natural cycle to dispose of food waste, making soil in the process.
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Compost is good for plants: • adds nutrients to soil• reduces need to water• replaces chemical fertilizers• used on farms for growing vegetables• in home gardens for growing flowers, vegetables• in landscaping
Farmland
Finished compost
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Composting keeps food out of landfills (dumps).
• Composting saves space in landfills.• Our local landfills are almost full!• Where will be put our trash in the future?
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Composting helps slow Climate Change
Climate Change (or Global Warming) is caused by greenhouse gases in our atmosphere.
Greenhouse Gases:Carbon Dioxide MethaneNitrous Oxide
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The Climate Change Connection
When food waste (and paper) decay in a landfill, methane is released.
Methane is a greenhouse gas 23 times more powerful than carbon dioxide.
Over 20 years, methane from a landfill can be 72 times more potent than carbon dioxide!!
Methane pipe at a landfill
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Why doesn’t composting release methane? Because oxygen is part of the composting process. There is no oxygen in a landfill.
Compost bins made from reused pallets
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3 “sizes” of composting:
• Small: An indoor worm bin uses red wiggler worms to eat food waste (vermicomposting)
• Veggies, fruits only
• Medium: Backyard composting
• Veggies, fruit, bread• No meat, dairy, oils• 5th grade class has
this type of bin.
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Large: Commercial Composting at Bear Path Farm in Whately. Accepts all food: meat, cheese, oils…Paper: napkins, straw wrappers…
Windrows at Bear Path Farm
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Bill Obear stands by his equipment at Bear Path Farm. www.bearpathfarm.com
Whately transfer station:
FREE compost programAt Whately transfer station:Just like what we do at school!
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“Large sized composting”Whately Elementary Cafeteria Composts ALL food & paper!
…because it goes to Bear Path Farm!
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DO compost in the cafeteria:
All food:• ALL table scraps/leftovers• Meat, chicken, fish, cheese, eggs, eggshells• Fruit & vegetable peels• Bread, rice, pasta, cookies
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DO compost in the cafeteria:
Paper from the cafeteria:• Napkins• Paper towels• Straw wrappers • Paper plates: Chinet• Paper cups: Dixie• Egg cartons
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DO NOT compost in the cafeteria: :
• Liquid• Plastic utensils• Straws• Tissues • Plastic bags and wrappers (sandwich bags, Saran/plastic wrap,
candy wrappers)
• Butter packets, cracker packets
• Large amounts of bones• Paper towels with chemicals on them
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What can and can’t be composted in the cafeteria from these trays?
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“Medium sized composting”Composting at home or in the 5th
grade’s garden compost bin.
This compost system is different than what we do in the cafeteria:
No meat, bones, dairy!(animal products)
Avoid large amounts of paper.
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What can be composted at home or in the 5th grade bin?
YES; Green/Nitrogen-rich:• Veggies, fruit, & peels• Bread, rice, pasta, grains• Coffee grounds, paper coffee
filters, tea bags• Eggshells• Grass clippings, yard waste
NO; will smell and attract animals:
• Meat, fish, bones• Cheese, dairy• Fat, grease, oils,
peanut butter• Cooked foods with lots
of sauces/ butter• Diseased or insect-
ridden plants• Weeds which spread
by roots and runners• Weeds with seeds
YES; Brown/Carbon-rich:• Fall leaves• Straw, hay• Shredded newspaper or paper• Chinet paper plates (rip up)• Egg cartons (rip up)• Wood chips• Old potting soil
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How does it work?A compost bin needs:
• Water: material in bin should be as damp as a wrung out sponge. Add water if not, and when building pile. Add sparingly in winter.
• Air/ Oxygen: mix/stir occasionally
• “Green” materials: (nitrogen) food waste
• “Brown” materials: (carbon) leaves, hay, shredded and soaked newspaper, egg cartons
• Microorganisms: eat material and heat it up
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Food WebOf the Compost Pile
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Keep it cookin’
• Each time you add food waste, bury in center and cover with leaves/ brown materials
• Add leaves or brown materials regularly• Add water regularly• Stir entire pile every 6 weeks or so.• Once you have a bin full of materials (in 6-
12 months), stop adding materials and stir more frequently.
• When the compost is finished, use on gardens and when planting new plants
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Questions? Need more info?
Bill Obear, Bear Path Farmwww.bearpath [email protected]
Amy Donovan, Franklin County Solid Waste Districtwww.franklincountywastedistrict.org(413) 772-2438 [email protected]