comparison of routing protocols for ad hoc wireless network with medical data
DESCRIPTION
Ad Hoc wireless network that without any central controlling authority, which is a collection of mobile nodes that are dynamically and arbitrarily located in such a manner that the interconnections between nodes are capable of changing on a continual basis, so nodes cooperate to route a packet. The purpose of the routing protocols is to discover rapid changes of the topology in such a way that intermediate nodes can act as routers to forward packets on behalf of the communicating pair .TRANSCRIPT
:Prepared by
ISMAIL H-MOFTAH ELDABAR
Supervised by:
Professor Zakaria Suliman Zubi
COMPARISON OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR AD HOC
WIRELESS NETWORK WITH MEDICAL DATA
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Ad Hoc wireless network that without any central controlling authority, which is a collection of mobile nodes that are dynamically and arbitrarily located in such a manner that the interconnections between nodes are capable of changing on a continual basis, so nodes cooperate to route a packet.
Limited bandwidth of throughput and low delay in high density nodes are tow characteristics of Ad Hoc wireless network.
The purpose of the routing protocols is to discover rapid changes of the topology in such a way that intermediate nodes can act as routers to forward packets on behalf of the communicating pair .
Route construction should be done with a minimum of overhead and bandwidth consumption. In configuration, topology management issues are even more important in the context of Ad Hoc wireless networks.
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What is the wireless network?
3
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What is the wireless network?
4
Ad Hoc Wireless network is used in many applications such as healthcare, military, environmental, home automation, farming, surveillance security and traffic control. It normally consists of hundreds or thousands of nodes each capable to work as router, processing, and transmitting environmental information. However, an Ad Hoc Wireless network consists of nodes which could also have a fixed location or randomly deployed to monitor the environment, certain physical phenomena or to detect and track certain objects in an area of work. Ad Hoc Wireless networks are useful in the wide world which has static network structure that required by infrastructure network.
In Ad Hoc Wireless network any communication between nodes always requires routing over multi-hop paths between the source node and the destination node to self-organize and form a network over different links.
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Infrastructure Mode using a central device, called a wireless access point. All wireless nodes can be connect to Ethernet network through this access point.
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Ad Hoc Mode is a collection of mobile nodes in communication without using infrastructure.
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Obstacles,
Noise,
Interference and
Fading.
which will reduce throughput and increase time delay for the data flow.
The links typically have less bandwidth than a wired network.
Each node in an Ad Hoc wireless network node functions as both a host and a
router, and the control of the network is circulated among the nodes.
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Find the most suitable Ad Hoc routing protocol for the designed network. Evaluate three most popularly used routing protocols.
Ad Hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV),
Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) and
Temporally-Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA).
Build a network connected to a server via a wireless in OpNet simulater.
The evaluation will be conducted in terms of throughput and delay of these
protocols.
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StudyProtocolSimulatorMetricsConclusion
(Hsu J.Bhatia 2003) Performance of mobile ad hoc networking routing protocols in realistic scenarios
AODV,OLSR, DSR and ZRP
QualNetPacket delivery ratio, latency and jitter of data packets
AODV is overall better as compared to other.
(Vahid 2006) Performance Comparison of Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
DSDV, TORA, DSR and AODV
Ns-2
CBR traffic source, movement model based on pause time
Weighted Path Optimality, Network’s Load Deviation, Average end-to-end delay, Jitter.
DSDV is best in Path Optimality, DSDV and AODV in delay, DSR in load balancing and DSDV in jitter.
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StudyProtocolSimulatorMetricsConclusion
(Rahman 2010) A Simulation Based Performance Comparison of Routing Protocol on Mobile Ad-hoc Network
AODV,DYMO, ZRP and OLSR
Qualnet 4.5CBR traffic source, two-ray propagation path loss model, mobility based on pause time
Packet Delivery Fraction, Average End-to-end delay, Jitter and Throughput
DYMO best in PDF, OLSR and ZRP good in average end to end delay, ZRP better than others in throughput
(Anuj K 2010) Performance analysis of AODV, DSR & TORA Routing Protocols
AODV, DSR and TORA
NS-2average End-to-End delay and packet delivery ratio
TORA is suitable for operation in large mobile networks having dense population of nodes.
04/08/2311Classification of Ad Hoc routing protocols (Nadia 2009)
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AODV uses three control messages to obtain and maintain routes:
Route Request (RREQ) Route Reply (RREP)
Route Error (RERR)If a node is unable to forward packet, it generates a RERR message. When the originator node receives the RERR, it initiates
a new route discovery for the given route.
Route Request (RREQ ) and Route Replay (RREP) message (Jian Wu 2007)
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Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR)
MPR and normal flooding (Mohamed 2011)
HELLOTC - Topology Control MID - Multiple Interface Declaration
multipoint relays (MPRs) to minimize the number of control messages flooding in the network.
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Temporary Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA)
Height of each node updated a result of message
Re-establishing route on failure link 5-7.The new reference level is node5
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Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR)
MPR and normal flooding (Mohamed 2011)
OLSR employs multipoint relays (MPRs) to minimize the number of control messages flooding in the network. Each node chooses a subset of its one hop neighbors (MPRs) in such a way that these MPRs will cover all two-hop away neighbors. Hence, messages are only flooded through MPRs, and not to all nodes. Flooding through multipoint relays (MPRs) reduce the number of duplicate transmissions.
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Three control messages are defined to provide this functionality:HELLO
HELLO messages are exchanged between neighbours only, and diffuse information about the one hop neighbours of a node. Two hop neighbourhood can be discovered, and further, the MPRs of the given node can be chosen. The MPRs chosen by a node is further marked in the following HELLO messages broadcasted by that node.
TC - Topology Control All nodes chosen as MPR will transmit TC messages. The TC messages contain the address of the node generating the message, as well as the list of nodes that has chosen the given node as MPR. TC messages are further flooded using the MPRs, disseminating network topology information to all the nodes in the OLSR network.
MID - Multiple Interface Declaration The MID message is broadcasted by nodes running OLSR on more than one network interface.
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Temporary Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA)
TORA maintains multiple routes to the destination when topology changes frequently. It consists of link reversal of the Directed Acyclic Graph (ACG). It uses Internet MANET Encapsulation Protocol (IMEP) for link status and neighbour connectivity sensing. IMEP provide reliable, in-order delivery of all routing control messages from a node to all of its neighbours, and notification to the routing protocol whenever a link neighbours is created or broken.
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Temporary Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA)As TORA is for multihop networks which is considered to minimize the communication overhead associated with adapting to network topological changes by localization of algorithmic reaction. Moreover, it is bandwidth efficient and highly adaptive and quick in route repair during link failure figure2.8 and providing multiple routes to destination node in wireless networks.
Height of each node updated a result of message
Re-establishing route on failure link 5-7.The new reference level is node5
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We will choose two criteria which derived for QoS as follows:
Throughput:
the ratio of successfully transmitted of total amount of data receiver actually
receives from sender by bits divided by the time taken by receiver to obtain the
last packet by second for the entire network; this includes all routing data and
user data (Rahman 2010).Delay:
The time elapsed between the creation of a packet at its source and its destruction
at the destination, measured in seconds (Singla 2009). The packet end-to-end
delay is the time of generation of a packet by the source up to the destination
reception. So this is the time that a packet takes to go across the network. This
time is expressed in sec (Jha 2010).
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The purpose of this project is to research methods of transmitting real time data from a number of dynamic nodes in hospital environment.
1000m× 1000m indoor.
50-100 mobile workstations
wireless network server
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ParameterValue
SimulatorOpNet Modeler 14.0
Number of wireless Nodes50-100 mobile workstations and one mobile Server
Ad Hoc Routing ProtocolsAODV, OLSR and TORA
Time of simulation1800 seconds (30 minutes)
Simulation areaIndoor, 1000m x 1000 meters
Transmission range30-90 m
Physical CharacteristicsIEEE 802.11g
Data rate54 Mbps
ApplicationsHTTP, FTP, DATABASE, EMAIL and PRINT.
MetricsThroughput and Delay
The model parameters that will use in the experiments are summarized
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Application
Selection
AttributesThe Describe
1FTP 1,048,576 byte
(8Megabits)
File Transfer Protocol enables file transfers and
downloads between nodes.
2HTTP
Heavy browsing
307,200 byte
(2.34Megabits)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an
application protocol foundation of data
communication for the World wide web.
3Email2,000 byte
(0.02Megabits)
Electronic mail is a method of exchanging
messages from an author to one or more
recipients. Modern Email operates across the
internet or other computer network.
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Application
Selection
AttributesThe Describe
4Database32,76byte
(0.25 megabits)
A database is an organized collection of data. A
database system implies that the data is
managed to some level of quality (measured in
terms of accuracy, availability, usability, and
resilience) and this in turn often implies the use
of a general-purpose database management
system (DBMS).
5Print
Color (Min 3,000-
Max 9,000,000) byte
(0.023 – 68.7
megabits)
Print out job submission on paper.
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Create Network
Network configuration
Run Simulation
View results
Test Result Analysis
Flow chart of OpNet
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Five main Scenarios for each network design (50-100 nodes)
Each scenario has one service for all nodes in our network designed.
Scenario 1: FTP on all workstations and the server.
Scenario 2: HTTP on all workstations and the server.
Scenario 3: EMAIL on all workstations and the server.
Scenario 4: DATABASE on all workstations and the server.
Scenario 5: PRINT on all workstations and the server.
Each scenario we will apply 3 routing protocols:
Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV),
Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) and
Temporally-Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA).
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Simulation can be defined to show the eventual real behavior of the selected
system model, and it is a comprehensive set of tools with all the components for
custom network modeling and simulation. In this paper, an effort has been made
to perform a simulation model for ad hoc wireless network to monitor the
performance metrics of the network in different scenarios, and focus on the
comparison of data obtained by using OpNet modeler, also, the result obtained
from these different scenarios while a route recognized between source and
destination matchup is maintained as long as desirable by the source with
routing protocols selected.
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Questions?
Thank you.
Preparation: Ismail .H.Moftah EldabarSupervised by: Professor Zakaria Suliman Zubi