community survey 2016 agricultural households -1,5% nw -1,6% nc -0,2% wc -0,5% gp -1,3% the major...
TRANSCRIPT
Community Survey 2016
Agricultural households
Dr Pali Lehohla Statistics South Africa
Agricultural statistics are key to the measurement of the
performance of the agricultural sector. It is used to inform policies
and strategies on poverty, food security, environmental
sustainability and rural development.
CS2016 shows that around 13,8% (2,33M) of all households in SA
are agricultural households compared to 19,9% (2,88M) in 2011.
The decrease was mainly due to the severe drought in 2014/15.
48 798 69 152
157 510 167 780
225 282 242 594
386 660
495 042
Kw
aZu
lu-N
atal
0
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
Northern Cape Western Cape Free State North West Mpumalanga Gauteng Limpopo Eastern Cape KwaZulu-Natal
Number of Agricultural households by province
536 225
KwaZulu-Natal has the highest number of Agricultural Households in South Africa
Eastern C
ape
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Western Cape Gauteng North West Northern Cape Free State Mpumalanga KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Eastern Cape
Eastern Cape has the highest proportion of Agricultural HH
at 27,9%
Percentage of Agricultural households by province
Working Age 15-64, 77,0%
Elderly 65+, 22,9%
Agricultural households by age group 2016
The proportions of Agricultural HH has remained consistent
between CS 2016 and Census 2011
Percentage of Agricultural households by age group and head of household gender
Male Headed Agricultural HH are a larger proportion in
all age groups except 65+
Age
Gro
up
0,1%
1,0%
2,2%
3,1%
4,4%
4,5%
5,5%
6,0%
5,4%
5,5%
5,3%
3,9%
2,5%
1,7%
0,8%
0,6%
0,0%
0,5%
1,3%
2,1%
3,1%
3,2%
4,2%
5,2%
4,9%
4,9%
4,4%
4,3%
3,1%
2,7%
1,6%
1,6%
8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6
< 15
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80-84
>85
Male Female
73,0%
75,2%
76,2%
77,0%
77,7%
78,1%
78,2%
78,3%
81,8%
84,4%
26,8%
24,6%
23,8%
22,9%
22,2%
21,9%
21,8%
21,6%
18,2%
15,6%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Eastern Cape
Limpopo
KwaZulu-Natal
South Africa
North West
Mpumalanga
Western Cape
Northern Cape
Free State
Gauteng
Working Age (15 to 64) Elderly 65+
Agricultural households by Province and age group 2016
On average 77,0 % of South African Agricultural Households are within the Working Age (15-64)
* Due to rounding numbers may not add up to 100%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
Western Cape Eastern Cape Northern Cape Free State KwaZulu-Natal North West Gauteng Mpumalanga Limpopo South Africa
2011 Elderly 65+ 2016 Elderly 65+
Agricultural households by Province and Elderly 65+ age group 2011 vs 2016
For population aged 65+ only Western Cape (7% Point increase from 2011) and Gauteng (4% Point
increase from 2011) were significantly different from Census 2011
15,5%
8,6%
4,6% 3,2%
13,8%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
Black African White Coloured Indian/Asian Total
Agricultural households
Number of agricultural households by population group
Black Africans have the highest proportion of households involved in Agricultural
Households
The majority (56,3%) of Agricultural HH have between
Grade 1 and Grade 11 Education
Percentage of agricultural households by Education Level: No Schooling
3,6%
7,6%
10,7%
16,7% 17,2% 18,6%
22,7% 24,0%
26,3%
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Western Cape Gauteng Free State North West Eastern Cape South Africa KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga
While only 3,6% of WC Agricultural HH have No Schooling 32,1% of WC
Agricultural Households have Tertiary Education, possibly also reflecting on the leisure
aspect of farming in WC
Agricultural HH main purpose of involvement in agricultural activities: For leisure/ hobby 2016
3,1% 4,8% 5,0% 5,3% 6,1% 6,8% 6,8%
11,0% 11,0%
26,9%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Eastern Cape Mpumalanga Free State North West KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo South Africa Northern Cape Gauteng Western Cape
26,9% of Western Cape Agricultural Households
participated in this activity with the main purpose of
Leisure/Hobby
The number of agricultural households in the country decreased
by 19,1% (550 000) from 2,88 million in Census 2011 to 2,33
million in Community Survey 2016
Drought conditions have prevailed in South Africa
2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
South Africa
-19,1%
LP -2,8%
MP -1,3%
KZN -6,3%
EC -3,5%
FS -1,5%
NW -1,6%
NC -0,2%
WC -0,5%
GP -1,3%
The major contributing provinces to the
decrease are KwaZulu-Natal (-6,3% points
or 180 781 agricultural households),
Eastern Cape (-3,5% points or 101 531) and
Limpopo (-2,8% points or 81 834).
Contributing provinces to the decrease shown in percentage point change
Agricultural Households vary in reason for pursuing this activity
Agricultural HH Main purpose of involvement in agricultural activities
Other, 1,6% Extra
source of household income, 4,7% Main
source of household income, 5,7%
For leisure/ hobby, 6,8%
Extra source of household food,
37,5%
Main source of
household food, 43,7%
81,2% of Agricultural HH
list source of food (extra or main) as the
key reason for agricultural
activities
25,4%
29,9%
38,6%
40,8%
43,5%
43,7%
44,1%
45,2%
48,0%
52,7%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Western Cape
Northern Cape
Limpopo
KwaZulu-Natal
Gauteng
South Africa
North West
Free State
Mpumalanga
Eastern Cape
Agricultural HH main purpose of involvement in agricultural activities: Main Source of Food
Over twice as many Agricultural HH in EC conduct agricultural activities with the purpose being main source of
food compared to Western Cape
Location of farming practice
Distribution of agricultural households by main place of agricultural activities and population group of the household head
85,8%
58,7%
85,5% 90,3%
6,4%
37,9%
9,0% 6,7%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Black African White Coloured Indian/Asian
Back yard Farm land Communalland
School, church or other organisationalland
Other
Significant difference between the White and Other
population groups in regards to main place of activity
Agricultural Households engage in a variety of activities
10 956
44 917
399 151
574 684
873 355
990 210
1 120 233
0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1000000 1200000
Industrialcrops
Other
Fruit production
Grain and foodcrops
Vegetable production
Livestock production
Poultry production
South Africa
Number of agricultural households involved in a specific activity
Mpumalanga, 40,5%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Both irrigarion and dry land
Free State, 39,0%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Irrigation
Number of agricultural households (crop production) by farming practice
Northern Cape, 46,3%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Western Cape
Eastern Cape
Northern Cape
Free State
KwaZulu-Natal
North West
Gauteng
Mpumalanga
Limpopo
South Africa
Dry land
3,2 Million
0 1 2 3 4
Free State
Western Cape
Gauteng
Mpumalanga
North West
Northern Cape
Limpopo
Kwazulu-Natal
Eastern Cape
Millions
Goats
2,8 Million
0 1 2 3
Gauteng
Northern Cape
Western Cape
Limpopo
Mpumalanga
Free State
North West
Kwazulu-Natal
Eastern Cape
Millions
Cattle
7,6 Million
0 4 8
Gauteng
Limpopo
Kwazulu-Natal
North West
Mpumalanga
Western Cape
Free State
Northern Cape
Eastern Cape
Millions
Sheep
Number of livestock by type at household level and province
The Eastern Cape leads in absolute number of various types of livestock
within the country
Western Cape Eastern Cape Northern Cape Free State KwaZulu-Natal North West Gauteng Mpumalanga Limpopo
100+ 5,7% 19,7% 7,0% 19,0% 10,3% 16,3% 4,9% 10,8% 6,4%
11-100 1,3% 22,8% 3,5% 5,2% 27,0% 10,4% 3,5% 11,1% 15,3%
1-10 0,4% 34,1% 1,4% 4,7% 28,9% 7,1% 1,3% 8,0% 14,1%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
Free State has a significant number of Larger scale (100+) Agricultural HH engaging in Cattle farming within South Africa as a whole, however KZN and Eastern Cape dominate smaller scale cattle farming
Provincial distribution of agricultural households engaged in Cattle farming (percentage) within SA as a whole
Western Cape Eastern Cape Northern Cape Free State KwaZulu-Natal North West Gauteng Mpumalanga Limpopo
100+ 12,1% 35,6% 19,8% 15,9% 3,6% 4,9% 1,2% 5,7% 1,3%
11-100 1,7% 65,6% 5,5% 3,7% 5,5% 7,7% 3,8% 2,7% 3,9%
1-10 1,4% 50,0% 4,9% 3,7% 13,9% 10,2% 3,4% 3,7% 8,8%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Eastern Cape and Northern Cape, have between them over 55% of all larger scale (100+) sheep farming Agricultural HH within South Africa. EC also dominates sheep farming of flocks between 11 and 100
Provincial distribution of agricultural households engaged in sheep farming (percentage) within SA as a whole
However significant increases in number of Agricultural HH involved in small scale (1-10 animals) pig farming From just around 100 000 to 192 000 AH between 2011 and 2016 due in large part to 77 000 increase of small scale AH in the Eastern Cape engaging in Pig Farming
-7,4% between 2011 and 2016
+6,5% between 2011 and 2016
Up 91,1 % between 2011 and 2016
Small scale farming in SA (1 -10 Animals)
-15,0% between 2011 and 2016
Number of agricultural households grouped by number of Animals (1 – 10)
between 2016 and 2011
Municipal Focus
Agricultural HH by Municipality Census 2011
35,4% of the households in Eastern Cape were engaged in agriculture, followed by Limpopo (33,0%) and KwaZulu-Natal (28,2%)
Agricultural HH by Municipality Census 2011
Census 2011
Agricultural HH by Municipality CS 2016
The highest proportion of agricultural households are still in Eastern Cape (27,9%), Limpopo (24,1%) and KwaZulu-Natal (18,6%).
Agricultural HH by Municipality CS 2016
CS 2016
Decreases in Agricultural Households between 2011 and 2016
Um
hla
bu
yalin
gan
a
Ind
aka
Jozi
ni
No
ngo
ma
Mtu
bat
ub
a
Ulu
nd
i
Um
zim
khu
lu
Hla
bis
a
Map
hu
mu
lo
Nka
nd
la
-35%
-30%
-25%
-20%
-15%
-10%
-5%
0%
Top 10 Percentage Point Decrease in Agricultural HH by Municipality Between Census 2011 and CS 2016
Umhlabuyalingana had a 31,6 Percentage Point decrease in the number of Agricultural HH from 59,4% in 2011 to 27,8% in 2016
%
KwaZulu-Natal has faced significant decreases in number of Agricultural HH
Top 10 Percentage Point Decrease in Agricultural HH by Municipality Between Census 2011 and CS 2016
Top 10 Percentage Point Decrease in Agricultural HH by Municipality Between Census 2011 and CS 2016
According to the World Food Summit, food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active life (FAO, 1996). Food security was prioritised by the South African government in 2010 and is closely linked to source of income, household structure, health, access to water and education (Du Toit, 2011).
Percentage of Households who skipped a meal in the past 12 months CS 2016
Percentage of Households who skipped a meal in the past 12 months CS 2016
%
Percentage of Households that Ran out of money to buy food in past 12 months
Around one-fifth (19,9%) of
households in the country reported that they had run out of money to
buy food in the past 12 months.
Percentage of Households that Ran out of money to buy food in past 12 months
%