COMMUNITY COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTHMENTAL HEALTH

By By

Dr. Nusrat Habib RanaDr. Nusrat Habib Rana

Executive Director, PIMHExecutive Director, PIMH

Describing Mental Health – Describing Mental Health – OneOne

The emotional resilience which The emotional resilience which enables us to enjoy life and to survive enables us to enjoy life and to survive pain, disappointment and sadness. It is pain, disappointment and sadness. It is a positive sense of well being and an a positive sense of well being and an underlying belief in our own and underlying belief in our own and others dignity and worth.others dignity and worth.

Mental Health Fact sheet, HEA Mental Health Fact sheet, HEA (1996)(1996)

Describing Mental Health – Describing Mental Health – TwoTwoThe ability to : -The ability to : -

►Develop psychologically, emotionally, Develop psychologically, emotionally, intellectually and spiritually.intellectually and spiritually.

► Initiate, develop and sustain mutually Initiate, develop and sustain mutually satisfying personal relationships.satisfying personal relationships.

► Become aware of others and to empathies Become aware of others and to empathies with them.with them.

► Use psychological stress as a development Use psychological stress as a development process.process.

Together We Stand and Adolescent Mental Together We Stand and Adolescent Mental Health ServicesHealth Services

NHS Health Advisory Service, HMSO (1995)NHS Health Advisory Service, HMSO (1995)

DESCRIBING MENTAL HEALTH – DESCRIBING MENTAL HEALTH – THREETHREEFive senses of mental health: -Five senses of mental health: -

►A sense of trustA sense of trust►A sense of challengeA sense of challenge►A sense of competencyA sense of competency►A sense of accomplishmentA sense of accomplishment►A sense of homour A sense of homour

Four things which often underlie Four things which often underlie mental health problems: -mental health problems: -

►Shame, guilt, fear and isolation.Shame, guilt, fear and isolation.The concept of Mental Health (conference The concept of Mental Health (conference

paper), Dr. Dennis Trent (1995)paper), Dr. Dennis Trent (1995)

DEMYSTIFYING MENTAL DEMYSTIFYING MENTAL ILLNESSILLNESS

Neurosis Neurosis Psychosis Psychosis

AnxietyAnxiety Bi-polar Bi-polar DisorderDisorder

DepressionDepression SchizophreniaSchizophrenia

NEUROSISNEUROSIS

Anxiety:Anxiety:

Characteristics:Characteristics: Excessive worrying & agitationExcessive worrying & agitation

Physical symptoms e.g. rapid breathing / fast Physical symptoms e.g. rapid breathing / fast heart rate.heart rate.

Anxiety (Phobias):Anxiety (Phobias):Specific fear of an object or person that Specific fear of an object or person that

adversely adversely affect a persons life.affect a persons life.

Anxiety (OCD):Anxiety (OCD):Obsessive thoughts leading to some form of Obsessive thoughts leading to some form of

obsessive behavior.obsessive behavior.

DEPRESSIONDEPRESSIONThe diagnosis is used to describe a range of moods The diagnosis is used to describe a range of moods ranging from low spirits to more severe problems ranging from low spirits to more severe problems where depression interferes with everyday life.where depression interferes with everyday life.

SYMPTOMSSYMPTOMS Feeling of unhappiness that don’t go awayFeeling of unhappiness that don’t go away Unable to enjoy anythingUnable to enjoy anything Utterly tiredUtterly tired Suicidal thoughtsSuicidal thoughts Avoiding othersAvoiding others Weight loss / Weight gain Weight loss / Weight gain Going off sexGoing off sex Restless / Loss of sleepRestless / Loss of sleep Loss of interest in lifeLoss of interest in life

PSYCHOSIS – CONTINUEDPSYCHOSIS – CONTINUED

SchizophreniaSchizophrenia

Two groups of symptomsTwo groups of symptoms

NegativeNegative & & Positive PositiveCannot concentrate

Stay in House/Bed

Feel uncomfortable with people.

Feel Worthless

Nothing to say

Difficult to maintain hygiene

Loss on interest in life.

Loss of energy.

Loss of emotion

-DELUSIONS: Uncommon beliefs ‘Unreal’ beliefs Grandeur Paranoid (Persecution)

-THOUGHT DISORDER Poor concentration Drift of thought Disconnected Thought-HALLUCINATIONS Hearing voices Smell Feel (Tactile) See (Auditory)-THOUGHT

Broadcast/insertion/controlSomeone taking thoughtsSomeone inserting thoughts Ability to transmit thoughts Being controlled/influenced

DUAL DIAGNOSISDUAL DIAGNOSIS

Term often used with respect to individuals Term often used with respect to individuals with mental health problems and substance with mental health problems and substance misuse issues misuse issues

The ‘Cause’ or ‘Result’ ScenarioThe ‘Cause’ or ‘Result’ Scenario

Substance Misuse

Catalyst Mental Health Problems

Mental Health Problems

Coping Mechanism

Substance Misuse

HELPING YOURSELF AND OTHERHELPING YOURSELF AND OTHER

If you suspect someone may be feeling If you suspect someone may be feeling suicidal, be ALERTsuicidal, be ALERT

►Ask if they are thinking about suicideAsk if they are thinking about suicide►Listen and show you careListen and show you care►Encourage them to get help and Encourage them to get help and

support them to do so.support them to do so.►Right nowRight now►Tell someone.Tell someone.