Communication Process Loop

MESSAGE

Receiver

FEEDBACK

Sender

Components of the Communication Process

A. Sender –B. Message C. ReceiverD. Feedback

A. Sender –person who is sending the message.

Two factors that determine how effective the communicator will be:

1. communicator’s attitude 2. communicator’s selection of

meaningful symbols.

Sender / Communicator (source)

Message B. Message – information given out in

verbal or non-verbal form - written information, speech - non verbal – gestures, eye

contact, body language

ReceiverReceiver – the person receiving the message, making sense of it, understanding and translating it into meaning. eceiv

FeedbackFeedback – verbal & non-verbal

reaction to message / speaker - external (can be seen)

or - internal (can’t be seen:

self- examination) feedback

• Communication is a two-way process.

• Communicating uses not only one skill, but several skills. ie: speaking involves not only getting message across but also being able to listen and understand what others are saying (active listening) and observing the verbal and non verbal clues in order to monitor the effectiveness of a message.

Barriers in communicationBarriers keep message from getting

through.

Two types of barriers: internal and external.

Internal: fatigue, poor listening skills, attitude

External: noise, distractions, environment, bad connections, time of day.

• Factors Affecting Listening and Speaking Skills•  • TASK: (Pair work) • Think of a real-life situation in which you were involved in – one in which communication was successful and the other when communication was unsuccessful. 

• Identify the factors that contributed to the success/ failure of the communication that took place

• When we teach English we need to be sure that our students can be understood when they speak. They need to be able to say what they want to say. There are numerous factors that affect listening and speaking skills.

• Pronuniciation – the sounds in the language• Suprasegmental features of the language – intonation, stress and   •               rhythm• Knowledge of subject matter or topic of conversation• Language ability of the speakers – grammatical competence• Vocabulary • Intercultural awareness • Role relationship and appropriacy – sociolingusitic competence• Awareness of the conventions of speaking – turn taking, •               interrupting etc.• Awareness of the varieties of language• Discourse competence – awareness of the different ways  •               language is used in different situations• Knowing the difference between formal and informal language use•  • Q. Can you think of other factors that affect listening and speaking skills?    •  

Task • Discuss the factors Affecting

Listening & Speaking(Source for materials and discuss

in tutorial class.)