communicating technology 2 avoiding plagiarism definitions (task 2) kie-98.1114 communicating...

Communicating technology2

• Avoiding plagiarism• Definitions (Task 2)

Kie-98.1114 Communicating technology

What is plagiarism? /pleɪdʒərɪz(ə)m/

“Plagiarism is the copying or paraphrasing of other people’s work or ideas without full acknowledgement.”

(http://www.ox.ac.uk/students/academic/guidance/skills)

“The practice of taking someone else’s work or ideas and passing them off as one’s own.” (http://www.oxforddictionaries.com)

Synonyms:

appropriation, infringement, piracy, counterfeiting, theft…

http://www.ox.ac.uk/students/academic/guidance/skills

http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/

You need to incorpore sources in your academic work AND your course assignments in order to …

• show that your work is based on background research• to enable your readers/listeners to find the sources• give credit to those it belongs to

Sources: – The University of Queensland Library. (n.d.). References/Bibliography, Vancouver Style. Retrieved January

10, 2014, from: http://www.library.uq.edu.au/training/citation/vancouv.pdf

– London South Bank University, Perry Library. (n.d.). How to Do Your Referencing: Numeric Style. Retrieved January 10, 2014, from: http://www1.lsbu.ac.uk/library/helpsheets/hs28.pdf

Avoid plagiarism…but why?

http://www.library.uq.edu.au/training/citation/vancouv.pdf

http://www1.lsbu.ac.uk/library/helpsheets/hs28.pdf

Avoid plagiarism…but how?

• Summarise• Paraphrase

• If you quote, do it sparingly and place the word-for-word quote within quotation marks

• AND acknowledge the source (references)

• Reference to source is not necessary if the information is- general common knowledge- field-specific common knowledge (expert audience)

https://student.unsw.edu.au/

Avoid plagiarism…but how? Use your own words

Summarising•does not match the source word for word

•presents a broad overview the main idea(s) in your own words

•usually much shorter than the original

•must be attributed to the original source

Paraphrasing•does not match the source word for word

•conveys the information/ideas from a source in your own words

•changes the words or phrasing of the text but fully maintains the original meaning

•must be attributed to the original source

https://student.unsw.edu.au/

Avoid plagiarism…but how?Acknowledge your sources in 2 places

1) Refer to your sources within the text

a) According to Smith (2010), … / … (Smith, 2010).b) … as evidenced in a recent study [1]. / (1) / ¹

*Anglia Ruskin University Library. (n.d.). Harvard system: Using books, journals and newspapers. Retrieved January, 10, 2014, from: http://libweb.anglia.ac.uk/referencing/harvard.htm

**University of Southampton Library. (2009). Citing & Referencing Guide: BMJ Vancouver Style. Retrieved January 10, 2014, from: http://www.southampton.ac.uk/library/resources/documents/vancouverreferencing.pdf

http://libweb.anglia.ac.uk/referencing/harvard.htm

http://www.southampton.ac.uk/library/resources/documents/vancouverreferencing.pdf

Avoid plagiarism…but how?Acknowledge your sources in 2 places

2) include a bibliography/list of references

a) Kipper, D. , 2008. Japan's new dawn. Popular Science and Technology, [online] Available at: <http://www.popsci.com/popsci37b144110vgn/html> [Accessed 22 June 2009].

b) Pagnamenta R. Energy adviser puts forward powerful case for hydrogen. The Times. May 24 2008. http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/natural_resources/ article3994594.ece (accessed 2 Jul 2008). **

*Anglia Ruskin University Library. (n.d.). Harvard system: Using books, journals and newspapers. Retrieved January, 10, 2014, from: http://libweb.anglia.ac.uk/referencing/harvard.htm

**University of Southampton Library. (2009). Citing & Referencing Guide: BMJ Vancouver Style. Retrieved January 10, 2014, from: http://www.southampton.ac.uk/library/resources/documents/vancouverreferencing.pdf

http://libweb.anglia.ac.uk/referencing/harvard.htm

http://www.southampton.ac.uk/library/resources/documents/vancouverreferencing.pdf

Follow the referencing system of your field of study

IEEE (numerical) Harvard other?

More info on referencing conventions available in MyCourses (Materials and additional

resources/by topic)

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Task 2-1: Acknowledging sourcesWhere would you expect to see a reference to the source?

Cloud computing refers to a model of providing computing services and resources to customers through the Internet on demand. The concept of a cloud has been associated with the idea of networked computers since the 1950s, and the image of a cloud was used to visualize the Internet already in 1994. Currently, the term is used specifically for services managed by data centres operating multiple interconnected computers/servers.

1. Cloud computing. Wikipedia. Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing. Retrieved 3rd September, 2014.

2. Grossman, R. 2009. The case for cloud computing. IT Professional 11(2), 23-27.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing

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Would you add a reference to the

source here?

1. Wikipedia. Cloud computing. Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing. Retrieved 3rd September, 2014.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing

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Plagiarised

Reference to source needed.


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Clouds can be divided into three main categories: private, public, and hybrid clouds. A private cloud is only used by one specific organization, which may also be responsible for its management and operation. In contrast, public clouds offer both paid and free services to all potential clients and are operated by an external cloud service provider. For example, Amazon’s EC2, S3, and SimpleDB are open to anyone with a credit card, even at 3 a.m. The third type, a hybrid cloud, combines in-house and externally provided cloud computing.


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Reference to the source needed?

...or is this common knowledge?

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What about the rest of these sentences?

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Task 2-1: Acknowledging sourcesHow to avoid plagiarism? Which text would you refer to?Cloud computing refers to a model of providing computing services and resources to customers through the Internet on demand. The concept of a cloud has been associated with the idea of networked computers since the 1950s, and the image of a cloud was used to visualize the Internet already in 1994. Currently, the term is used specifically for services managed by data centres operating multiple interconnected computers/servers.


In-text citations needed.

Which text would you refer to?

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Task 2-1: Acknowledging sourcesHow to avoid plagiarism? Which text would you refer to?



In-text citation needed

…in 1994 (1). .

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Cloud computing refers to a model of providing computing services and resources to customers through the Internet on demand. The concept of a cloud has been associated with the idea of networked computers since the 1950s, and the image of a cloud was used to visualize the Internet already in 1994 (1). Currently, the term is used specifically for services managed by data centres operating multiple interconnected computers/servers.


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Task 2-1: Acknowledging sources


1. Cloud computing. Wikipedia.. Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing. Retrieved 3rd September, 2014.

…(1)

…or is this common knowledge?

How to avoid plagiarism? Which text would you refer to?

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Clouds can be divided into three main categories: private, public (or hosted), and hybrid clouds (1). A private cloud is only used by one specific organization, which may also be responsible for its management and operation. In contrast, public clouds offer both paid and free services to all potential clients and are operated by an external cloud service provide. For example, Amazon’s EC2, S3, and SimpleDB are open to anyone with a credit card, even at 3 a.m. The third type, a hybrid cloud, combines in-house and externally provided cloud computing.

Can you find this information in one

of the original texts?

What’s wrong?

1. Wikipedia. Cloud computing. Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing. Retrieved 3rd September, 2014.



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Clouds can be divided into three main categories: private, public (or hosted), and hybrid (Grossman, 2009). A private cloud is only used by one specific organization, which may also be responsible for its management and operation. In contrast, public clouds offer both paid and free services to all potential clients and are operated by an external cloud service provide. For example, Amazon’s EC2, S3, and SimpleDB are open to anyone with a credit card, even at 3 a.m. The third type, a hybrid cloud, combines in-house and externally provided cloud computing.

PlagiarisedA direct quote, no reference to

source, no quotation

marks.

Irrelevant? Omit?



(Grossman, 2009)/ (2)

Quotation marks or rewording needed.


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“As with any source, especially one of unknown authorship, you should be wary and independently verify the accuracy of Wikipedia information if possible. For many purposes, but particularly in academia, Wikipedia may not be an acceptable source.”

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_Wikipedia

Definitions(Task 2)

Group work 2 : introducing topics Think back to your TASK 1

Choose ONE of the solutions in the task and introduce it briefly to your group

1. Introduce yourself briefly (name, major subject)

2.Introduce Solution 1. - How is it called? - What does it do?/ What can be done with it? - What are its advantages/disadvantages?

The other group members will ask ONE further question each.


What is a definition?

• A definition answers the question “what is it”?

• A definition gives readers information about the meanings of terms and concepts.

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How much information do readers need?• Always define new terms and concepts.

• Define terms you use in a non-standard way

• Define the terms you use if you are unsure readers will understand them.

• The less readers know about the topic, the more you need to explain the terms using language they can understand.


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Task 2-3:

1. The Mars mission was originally funded to last 90 sols and to end last April.

2. The MSL is scheduled to be launched on September 15, 2009.

3. The rover can perform all planned operations under solar panel power alone.

4. The Mars rover will seek samples that have minerals deposited by water-related processes.

5. The space mission will carry more advanced scientific instruments than any other mission ever sent to Mars.

Each of these sentences has an element of information which is vague for most readers. Identify and underline the terms that need explaining.

1. The Mars mission was originally funded to last 90 sols (One sol equals 24.65 hours) and to end last April.

2. MSL is scheduled to be launched on September 15, 2009.





2. The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) is scheduled to be launched on September 15, 2009.






3. The rover can perform all planned operations (e.g., driving, communicating, imaging) under solar panel power alone.






4. The Mars rover will seek samples that have minerals deposited by water-related processes, such as precipitation, evaporation, or sedimentary cementation.





4. The Mars rover will seek samples that have minerals deposited by water-related processes, such as precipitation, evaporation, or sedimentary cementation.

5. The space mission will carry more advanced scientific instruments than any other mission ever sent to Mars, including those for analysis of samples scooped up from the soil.

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a) An mp3 player is used when playing mp3 files.

b) A media player is used to store, transfer, and play back digital media.

c) A media player is a device which can be used to store, transfer, and play back digital media, such as mp3 files and various video clips.

d) A media player is an electronic device. It can be used to store, transfer, and play back digital media. For example, it can be used to play mp3 files and various video clips.

e) The media player is the device that can be used in storing, transferring, and playing back digital media, such as mp3 files and various video clips.

Task 2-3:

Which one of these definitions is the most effective? What makes the others less effective?


b) A media player is used to store, transfer, and play back digital media.





b) A media player is a what? used to store, transfer, and play back digital media.














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Types of Definition

1. Parenthetical definition

2. Sentence definition

3. Extended definition

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1. Parenthetical Definition

A parenthetical definition explains a term briefly in parenthesis or between commas using synonyms or examples.

Examples:A term (definition) A term, definition,

A parenthetical definition explains a term briefly in parenthesis or between commas using synonyms or examples.

Examples:A term (definition)

The Mars mission was originally funded to last 90 sols (One sol equals 24.65 hours) and to end last April.

A term, definition,The Mars mission was originally funded to last 90 sols, the equivalent of 90 Mars days, and come to an end last April.

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2. Sentence DefinitionTERM = CLASS + CHARACTERISTICS

A car is a motor vehicle that is used for transporting passengers.

A media player

is an eletronic device which can be used to store, transfer, and play back digital media, such as mp3 files and various video clips.

A house mouse

is a small rodent that lives in a tiny hole and eats cheese.

An optical mouse

is a pointing device that functions by detecting two-dimensional motion relative to its supporting surface.

A CEO is a person who is in charge of a corporation.

A university is an organization where /

in which

research and teaching is performed by scientists

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Task 2-4

1. A machine is any _________ that uses energy to perform some activity.

2. Water distillation is _________ in which volatile gases are removed in a degasification chamber.

3. Body mass index (BMI) is _________ of body fat based on height and weight that applies to both adult men and women.

4. Methane is a chemical _________ with the molecular formula CH4.

The terms and the characteristics are given in the following sentence definitions. Add the missing superordinates to describe the class of things these objects/concepts belong to.

1. A machine is any device that uses energy to perform some activity.

2. Water distillation is _________ in which volatile gases are removed in a degasification chamber.




2. Water distillation is a process in which volatile gases are removed in a degasification chamber.





3. Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight that applies to both adult men and women.




3. Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight that applies to both adult men and women.

4. Methane is a chemical compound with the molecular formula CH4.

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3. Extended Definition

• Extended Definitions usually begin with a sentence definition.

What other information can be added to amplify your definition?

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3. Extended DefinitionsEight methods for amplifying an extended definition:

1. Analysis of parts (What are its parts? classes? types?)

2. Operating principles (How does it work?)3. Applications / Examples (How is it used or applied?)4. Analogy/ Comparison (Is it similar to something familiar?)5. History (What is its origin? Who developed

it?)6. Advantages/ problems7. Requirements (What is needed to make it work?)8. Physical appearance/ features (What does it look like? What are

its characteristic features? )

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Task 2-5 Extended definitionsTake a look at the excerpts taken from extended definitions. Which method of amplification (A-F) has been used in each?

A. The term RADAR was coined in 1941 as an acronym for Radio Detection and Ranging. The term has since entered the English language as a standard word, radar, losing the capitalization. Radar was originally called RDF (Radio Direction Finder) in the United Kingdom

B. The technique of holography can also be used to optically store, retrieve, and process information. While holography is commonly used to display static 3-D pictures, it is not yet possible to generate arbitrary scenes by a holographic volumetric display.

C. A fuel cell is an electrochemical conversion device. It produces electricity from fuel (on the anode side) and an oxidant (on the cathode side), which react in the presence of an electrolyte. The reactants flow into the cell, and the reaction products flow out of it, while the electrolyte remains within it. Fuel cells can operate virtually continuously as long as the necessary flows are maintained.

5. History Etymology.

6. Problems/Disadvantages

2. Operating principle process

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Task 2-5Take a look at the excerpts taken from extended definitions. Which method of amplification (A-F) has been used in each?

D. Fuel cells differ from electrochemical cell batteries in that they consume reactant, which must be replenished, whereas batteries store electrical energy chemically in a closed system. Additionally, while the electrodes within a battery react and change as a battery is charged or discharged, a fuel cell's electrodes are catalytic and relatively stable.

E. A lighter is a portable device used to create a flame. It consists of a metal or plastic container filled with lighter fluid (usually naphtha or liquid butane under pressure), as well as a means of ignition and some provision for extinguishing the flame, by depriving it of either air or fuel.

F. LEDs are widely used as indicator lights on electronic devices and increasingly in higher power applications such as flashlights and area lighting. In addition to lighting, interesting applications include using UV-LEDs for sterilization of water and disinfection of devices,[4] and as a grow light to enhance photosynthesis in plants.[5]

4. Comparison

1. Analysis of parts

3. Applications

Help your supervisor explain something clearly to his non-expert colleagues!

-Topic: one of the solutions identified in TASK 1- Length: 200 words

Include the following elements: • Title (name of the solution)• Sentence definition• 2-4 types of defining information (amplification methods) In-text references to source• Bibliography (at least 2-3 sources)

SUBMIT TO KFW


TASK 2: write an extended definition of one of the solutions identified in TASK 1

Focus on just one solution, do NOT write

a comparison.

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Find the course site in MyCourses

TASK 2: Write an extended definition

(Find in MyCourses/TASKS)

To submit your task to KFW, wait for an invitation from [email protected] to get a password.

Start working on Online module 1/Style (find in My courses)

HOMEWORK

communicating technology 2 avoiding plagiarism definitions (task 2) kie-98.1114 communicating...

Documents

source word

technology slide

original source https

original source paraphrasing

theft slide

incorpore sources

source references reference

perry library