commercial crew program overview -...

Commercial Crew Program

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Commercial Crew Program OverviewMasters Forum 20

Maria Collura

April 22, 2011

CCP Objective

2

CCP is leading NASA’s efforts to develop an American-made

commercial capability for crew transportation and rescue services

to the ISS following this year's retirement of the space shuttle fleet

– Kennedy Space Center will host the program office dedicated to enabling commercial human spaceflight capabilities.

– Program Manager (PM) will reside at KSC

– Deputy Program Manager located at JSC

Program Mission– Manage the investment in the

development of commercial end-to-end space transportation systems

– Manage the CTS (Crew Transportation System) certification process

– Lead the technical and programmatic partner integration and approval functions

http://moonpans.com/prints/Apollo_9_CSM.jpg

CCP Organization

3

Partner Team

(Sierra Nevada)

Partner Team

(Space X)

Partner Team

(Blue Origin)

Partner Team

(Boeing)

SystemsLaunch Vehicle

Spacecraft

Launch & Recovery Systems

Mission Planning & Integration

Systems Engineering

& Requirements

Program Control &

IntegrationPartner Integration

FAACommercial Crew Program

Technical

Authority

ISS Program

LSP Program

C3PO Program

Human

Exploration &

Operations

Directorate

CCT-1100 Series Documents

4

ESMD-CCTSCR-12.10

CCT-DRM-1110

SSP 50808CCT-REQ-1130

CCT-STD-1140 CCT-STD-1150

CCT-PLN-1100

Crew Transportation Design Standard Guidelines - provides expectations, and criteria used in evaluation of technical standards

Crew Transportation Operations Standard Guidelines - provides expectations for minimum criteria and practices for operations

High Level Program Summary of roles, responsibilities, and interfaces between CCP and partners in the development of CTS, and How NASA and the CP will work together to achieve a Certified Human Flight Vehicle

ISS Visiting Vehicle Requirements - must comply with to interface with the International Space Station

Crew Transportation and Services Requirements - must meet to transport NASA Crew to the ISS

Crew Transportation System DRMs – potential reference missions for current and evolvable systems architecture designs

Agency and HQ Level Requirements levied on the Program intended to certify a CTS to carry a NASA crewmember to LEO

CCT-PLN-1120

Crew Transportation Technical Management Processes – summary of technical management processes that support certification and expectations for evidence of compliance

Insight/Oversight Model – Level of Involvement

NASA will perform insight/oversight on the Commercial Partner’s

design, development, and certification process to evaluate the end-to-

end crew transportation system

Human

Spaceflight

Launch Services

Program

Intense In/OversightLow In/Oversight

Scientific & Commercial Spacecraft--Contracted

COTS &

CRS

Commercial Crew

Commercial Crew Structure and Timelines

6

2012

February

AwardsCCDev

2011

CCDev Round 2

CCDev Round 3

2010Title Purpose

April

All Agreements

Complete

October

Announcement

for Proposals

April

AwardsMay

Agreements

Complete

Develop and demonstrate

technologies that enable

commercial human

spaceflight capabilities.

Mature the Design and

Development of

elements of the system,

such as launch vehicles

and spacecraft.

Design of integrated

commercial crew

systems.

Today

CCP

Mature Development, Test

and Certification of end-to-

end systems.

Prepared for services to

ISS by end of 2016.

2013-2016

Pre-Decisional – NASA Internal Use Only

Commercial Crew Development (CCDev)

7

• The NASA Recovery Act stimulus funding,

included $50M to stimulate efforts within the

private sector to develop and demonstrate

technologies that enable commercial human

spaceflight capabilities

• On February 1, 2010 five partners were

announced and received funding:

– Blue Origin

– Boeing

– Paragon

– Sierra Nevada Corporation

– United Launch Alliance (ULA)

• All Agreements were concluded by December

2010, with the exception of ULA and Boeing who

received no-cost extensions to April 2011

8

Commercial Crew Development Round 2

CCDev2

CCDev 2 Summary

9

Participant Name Work Summary NASA Funding

Blue OriginSpace Vehicle design to SRR, pusher escape ground and flight

testing, and engine pump and thrust chamber testing$22,005,000

BoeingCST-100 design maturation to PDR and launch vehicle

integration$92,300,000

Sierra Nevada Corporation Dream Chaser crew transportation system design maturation

to PDR and component testing$80,000,000

SpaceXSide-mount LAS engine design maturation and partner-funded

crew accommodation prototype$75,000,000

Total Funding $269,305,000

Blue Origin

Subs/Suppliers:

NASA Ames Research Center Aerojet

NASA Stennis Space Center Lockheed Martin Missiles & Fire Control HSWT

ULA U.S. Air Force Holloman High Speed Test Track

Description & Features:

• Launch vehicles

– Atlas V

– Then on their own Reusable Booster System (RBS)

• Biconic shape capsule spacecraft

• Composite structure

• Landing system trade study

• Pusher Escape System Testing

• Fully Reusable Booster System (RBS)

• Post separation, RBS will either ballistic trajectory downrange or restart engines to return to launch site

Comments:• Direct docking to ISS

• Vehicle Mass: 22,000 lbm

Time

SV + Atlas VGoddard CC + PM

Low Altitude

Suborbital

Orbital

SV + RBS

Design ReviewsSRR PDR

May 2012 ---

Capacity Summarykg/Flt Max Crew

--- 7

Flare

Bi-directional

Fins

Deep-throttling

Engines

Total NASA funding

• $22M

10

Boeing


• Launch vehicles

– Atlas V 412, Delta IV

– Compatible with Liberty and F9

• CST-100 is a reusable capsule spacecraft

• Land landing on airbags

• Integrated bi-propellant SM propulsion system


• 48 hours of autonomous flight operations

• Vehicle Mass: 30,430 lbs123456-006

Ascent Cover

LAS Roll

Thrusters

(8)

Launch Abort

Engine (LAE) MMOD/Thermal Shield

Orbital

Maneuvering,

Attitude Control

(OMAC)

SM RCS

Thrusters

(28)

Forward Heatshield

Side Hatch

CM-SM

Umbilical

Thruster Doghouse (4)Radiators (4)

Forward Window

Side Window

CM RCS

Thrusters (12)

Design ReviewsDelta SDR PDR

May 2011 April 2012


1,164 7

Subs/Suppliers:Airborne Systems United Space AllianceBA United Launch AllianceILC Dover PWRSpincraft

Software Development and Integration

Pre-launch processing• Cargo loading• Final test and checkout• Fueling• Ordnance installation• Encapsulation

Assembly, refurbishment and test

• Spacecraft element production

• Element test and checkout

Recovery

• Initial safing

• Crew egress

• Cargo removal

• Load on transporter

• Transport to manufacturing for potential reuse

• MECO

• LV staging

• Spacecraft separation

• LV disposal

• Orbital insertion

• SM separation

• SM disposal

De-orbit burn

• Rendezvous/proximity operations• Docking• Mated operations• Crew Cargo transfer

• Crew ingress• De-orbit preps• Un-docking• Separation

Pad operations

• Spacecraft arrivalat launch pad

• Hoist and mate to launch vehicle

• Late cargo loading

• Crew ingress

• Countdown

• Launch

Orbital

operations

Launch

LandingMissioncontrol

Spacecraft operations control• Mission planning• Ground processing ops control• Crew training• Cargo manifesting• Integrated testing• Launch operations• Orbital command and control• Landing and recovery control

• Flight, Ground, Mission Ops SW Dev

• Avionics HW/SW and ISS Integration testing

• Mission / Vehicle Common Data System 193879-011.pptx

Total NASA funding

• $92M

11

Sierra Nevada Corporation

Subs/Suppliers:United Launch Alliance United Space Alliance

AEROJET Draper Laboratory

Adam Works SAS

Boeing Virgin Galactic

MDA University of Colorado

NASA LaRC


• Launch vehicles

– Atlas V-402

– Investigating other options (ATK Booster)

• Dream Chaser is a Reusable – Piloted Lifting Body, Derived from NASA HL-20

– Onboard hybrid propulsion & high lift provide runway landings for nominal missions and ascent aborts


• Vehicle Mass: 27,100 lbm

• Multiple & Flexible Abort Options (no black zones)

Design ReviewsSRR PDR

May 2011 May 2012

Capacity SummaryCargo (kg/Flt) w/Crew Max Crew

1,500 2 7

Total NASA funding

• $80M

12

SpaceX


• Dragon Capsule Spacecraft

• Cargo version to evolve into crew version

• Many systems identical in both

• Integrated LAS development and crew accommodations are the focus for CCDev2

• Water landing (helicopter recovery) for early missions and land landing for later missions

Comments:

• Falcon 9 Launch Vehicle

• Two-stage – LOX and kerosene

• Falcon 9/Dragon launches

• Successful COTS launch 12/8/10

• 11 more scheduled before crew launchFlight-proven and common to cargo and crew Dragon

Propulsive, precise

system part of long-term

capability

Offers significant

advantages over tower

systemsWINDOWS

Flight-proven and common to cargo and crew Dragon

DRACO THRUSTERS

GROUND LANDING

INTEGRATED LAS

SpaceX system has large factor of safety for ISS reentry

PICA-X

DRAGON AT A GLANCE

Design ReviewsLAS PDR Concept Baseline Review

Sept 2011 May 2012


--- 7

Subs/Suppliers:ARES Corporation Paragon SDCOdyssey Space Research ILC DoverATA Engineering OceaneeringWyle Laboratories Orbital OutfittersInformation Systems Laboratories Inc.

Total NASA funding

• $75M

13

14

• A successful Commercial Crew Program will:

– Transform human spaceflight for future generations

– Result in safe, reliable, cost effective crew transportation to LEO and in support of ISS

– Free NASA’s limited resources for beyond-LEO capabilities

– Reduce reliance on foreign systems