comm210_week07

7/29/2019 Comm210_week07

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•

and the

use

of

power

play

a part

in

the

– Classic authors: Mintzberg, French + Raven

“Small Giants”

• New critical

thinking

skill:

Causal

claims

• Practice interviewing skills

7/29/2019 Comm210_week07


Ibrahim ‘Non‐award award’ shouldn’t cause despair

The decision by the prize committee of the Mo Ibrahim Foundation not to award the annual prize

for excellence in African leadership is undeniably a disappointment. 11 African leaders were eligible for

consideration, the criteria being that those who have left office in the past 3 years are considered. This

, .

However,

the

committee

felt

unable

to

bestow

the

$5

million

prize

(the

biggest

of

any

award

globally) upon any of the 11. Mo Ibrahim himself said that this did not mean ‘disrespect’ to those deemed not

credible but clearly Kufour and co will find it hard not to feel snubbed. It is hardly a ringing endorsement for

ro ress in African overnance.

I think on reflection though, the non‐award should be viewed as a positive thing. Better to say ‘not

this year folks’ than to give the cash to an inferior candidate. It should also serve as a message to the award’s

critics such

as

President

Museveni and

Kagame that

it

is

not

being

used

as

a tool

to

bribe

African

leaders

out

of office. Clearl the committee are sendin a messa e that is not sim l enou h to leave accordin to a

democratic mandate, you have to govern with high principle too.

A key question yet to be resolved is over what happens to the 2010 award. As it considers leaders

who have left office over the past 3 years it is right to ask what candidates could do to improve their chances

now out of office, or would it be that only those leaving office over the next year could win the prize? There

are forthcoming

elections

in

Botswana,

Cote

D’Ivoire,

Mozambique

and

Togo,

amongst

many

others,

but

of

course in many of these an incumbent will stand and win.

Overall yesterday’s news will strengthen the future of the Ibrahim award. Exceptional leadership

deserves reward but mediocrity should not be celebrated. It is too late for the current occupant of State

House of course, but let’s hope that around the continent leaders have taken notice that more is expected of

them, and fast.

Joe Powell [email protected]

7/29/2019 Comm210_week07


Causal claims

• Causal ex lanation =

Author’s interpretation

of cause & effect relationships

• Rival causes:

The

same

ev ence can e

consistent with

interpretations

7/29/2019 Comm210_week07


On average, men earn more

than women, therefore men are

more ambitious or otherwise

There are many tall people in

basketball, therefore

playing

. basketball makes you tall.

• Examine critically causal explanations of

– Differences between

groups

– Association of characteristics

• everse causa on

• Effect of 3rd variable?

– Claims of

ost hoc er o ro ter hoc Rooster s ndrome

Every morning the rooster crows

and then the sun rises, therefore

the rooster causes the sun to rise.

Sleeping with one's shoes on is strongly

correlated with waking up with a headache.

Therefore, sleeping with one's shoes on

causes headache.

7/29/2019 Comm210_week07


Fast food and obesity

Lawyers have

begun

filing

cases

against

fast

food

chains

like McDonald’s and Wendy’s, arguing that the rise in

o e s y an suc seases as a e es s rec y n e o

fast food consumption. Studies show that the increase in

the bod

mass

of

North

Americans

coincides

with

a

proliferation of fast food restaurants. Montreal Gazette, 2003

assumption? Can you think of an alternative explanation? What type o riva cause is it

7/29/2019 Comm210_week07


Criti uin

causal claims

Golfing

Take up

a sport,

Oxygen

magazine

advises

its

readers.

“Each has its own unique health benefits. For example, a

recen we s s u y oun a go ers ve a ou ve

years longer than the rest of the population.” Globe & Mail, 2008

What is the causal claim? Can you think of an alternative explanation? What type of rival cause is it?

7/29/2019 Comm210_week07


SMALL GIANTS

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Causal claims in “Small Giants”

• In Burlingham’s view, what was the key causal factor

‐

• “The market pressure to grow… is the most [for] entrepreneurs who happen to be men” (p 37). What

might

be

a causal

explanation

for

this

gender

difference?

• What caused Danny Meyer to expand beyond Union

Square Café

(p 19

‐20)?

Provide

a rival

causal

explanation. What type of rival explanation is it?

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As a member of a student group you are in charge of organizing an importantevent. How would you motivate your team of fellow students to get the job done?

1. Share my experience & special skills2. Tell them that they have commitments to meet3. Givethemtou h undesirable obstod

1 2 3 4 51 2 3 4 51 2 3 4 5

4. Make them feel like I approve of them5. Make them feel important

1 2 3 4 51 2 3 4 5

6. Give them a good peer evaluation7. Provide good technical suggestions

8. Make them recognize they have tasks to accomplish

1 2 3 4 51 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 59. Provide them with special benefits10. Make things unpleasant for them

1 2 3 4 5

. n uence er ge ng a pay ncrease12. Make them feel they have commitments to meet13. Make the work difficult for them

-

1 2 3 4 51 2 3 4 5

.15. Make them feel personally accepted

1 2 3 4 5

7/29/2019 Comm210_week07


Types of Power: French & Raven

1. Share my experience & special skills.

3. Give them tough, undesirable jobs to do4. Make them feel like I approve of them.

6. Give them a good peer evaluation

7. Provide good technical suggestions.

9. Provide them with special benefits10. Make things unpleasant for them

. n uence er e n a pa ncrease12. Make them feel they have commitments to meet13. Make the work difficult for them

. rov e em w goo as -reae a v ce

15. Make them feel personally accepted

7/29/2019 Comm210_week07


Henry Mintzberg

“Business Guru”

of Canadian origin

The practices of managers

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Mintzberg – The manager’s job:

•

– Managers plan,

organize,

coordinate

&

control

• REALITIES:

– Interpersonal roles

• Figurehead,

Leader,

Liaison

– Informational roles

• Monitor, Disseminator, Spokesperson

–

• Entrepreneur, Disturbance‐handler,

Resource‐allocator, Negotiator

7/29/2019 Comm210_week07


1. Fi urehead

• Think back to a job you have

2. Leader

3. Liaison

.

boss enact

most

frequently?

4. Monitor

5. Disseminator

6. Spokesperson

7. Entrepreneur

.‐

9. Resource‐allocator

10. Ne otiator

7/29/2019 Comm210_week07


1. Fi urehead

1. Reward power

2. Leader

3. Liaison

. oerc ve power

3. Expert power

4. Monitor

5. Disseminator

.

5. Referent power

• Fritz Maytag,

Anchor

Brewing

(pg

1‐5)?

6. Spokesperson

7. Entrepreneur

• Norm Brodsky, CitiStorage (pg 12‐16)?

• Bill Butler, Butler Inc (pg 37‐40)?

• ’

.‐

9. Resource‐allocator

10. Ne otiator

,

41‐45)

7/29/2019 Comm210_week07


Some tips on Question Writing:

• Write a short

questionnaire

• Use simple words

• Relax our rammar

• Assure a common understanding

• Start with interesting questions

• Don't write

leading

questions

• Balance rating scales

• Don't make the list of choices too long

• Avoid difficult concepts

• Avoid difficult

recall

questions

• Put your questions in a logical order

• Pre‐test your survey

•

7/29/2019 Comm210_week07


[DATE]

I am [NAME], a student in an introductory business course at the John Molson School of

Business

at

Concordia

University.

As

part

of

the

course

requirements,

my

team

members and I are writing a term paper on [TOPIC]. The intent of the project is to help

new business students to learn about contem orar business issues here in Montreal.

We hope you will agree to answer a few questions about your experiences related to

this topic. Participation is completely voluntary and the interview will take no longer

than

10‐

15

minutes.

Your

answers

will

be

strictly

confidential—your

name

will

not

appear in

our

report

without

your

explicit

consent—so

please

feel

free

to

tell

us

your

honest opinions.

I greatly appreciate your help with our school project. If at any time you have

questions about your rights as a research participant, you may contact the Course

Coordinator, Dr. Linda Dyer, at (514) 848‐2424 extension 2936.

Yours sincerely,

[FULL NAMES AND SIGNATURES OF ALL TEAM MEMBERS]

7/29/2019 Comm210_week07


• ,

cares? Why

do/should

they

care?

community

– ur ng am, c apters ‐

– Kaplan and Norton on measurement

– Final critical

thinking

skill:

Techniques

of

persuasion

comm210_week07

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