combining high frequency microwave radiometer surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008...

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11/21/2008 9회 기상레이더 워크숍 Combining Satellite HighFrequency Microwave d f l d d Radiometer & Surface Cloud Radar Data for Determination of Large Scale 3D Cloud IWC 서 은경 공주대학교 지구과학교육과 Objective: To retrieve largescale 3D cloud IWC by combining data from NOAA satellite Advanced Microwave Sounding UnitB TBs and groundbased cloud radar

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Page 1: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

11/21/2008   제9회기상레이더워크숍

Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave d f l d dRadiometer  &  Surface Cloud Radar Data 

for Determination of Large ‐Scale 3‐D Cloud IWC

서은경

공주대학교 지구과학교육과

Objective:  To retrieve large‐scale 3‐D cloud IWC by combiningdata from NOAA satellite Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit‐B TBs  and  gground‐based cloud radar

Page 2: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

OutlineOutline

Motivation

Objectives and Approach

How to construct a supporting database from radar  for satellite retrieval?

Importance of database:  manifolds problem

How to make a consistent framework btw Radar  and  Satellite? 

From point‐ to area‐measurement in a consistent framework‐ Ice particle Design‐ Radar Reflectivity – IWC RelationRadar Reflectivity  IWC Relation‐ Construction of vertical Ice Clouds  ‐ TB‐IWP Relations at AMSU‐B channels  TB IWP R l ti    TB EOF d i‐ TB‐IWP Relations on TB EOF domain

Comparison of MMCR and AMSU‐B IWC profiles

ConclusionsConclusions

Page 3: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

MotivationMotivation

Single Column Models (supported by the )Atmospheric Radiation Measurement) are used 

to test physical parameterizations.   As forcing terms, SCMs need advection tendency of ycondensates besides advections of T, q, …

Point measurements of cloud water alone are not sufficient to derive these advection terms

MMCR

Satellite data provide areal coverage of water condensates   can potentially be used to 

MMCR

co de sa es ca po e a y be used oderive these terms (together with other data)

Page 4: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

Objectives and Approach

ObjectivesB   bi i    f    d    d   t llit  d t

j pp

By combining  surface  radar  and  satellite data,‐ Ice water path over a large area‐ Vertical ice water content distribution over a large area3 D ice  ater content distribution ‐ 3‐D ice water content distribution can be utilized to calculate ice water  advection terms  for  single column model inputs

Approach ‐ Surface radar (MMCR) provides detailed, high‐quality characteristicsof vertical ice water content distributionof vertical ice water content distribution‐ Satellite (NOAA AMSU‐B) provides broad horizontal coverage‐ Use surface radar data to generate database for satellite retrievals,and then use satellite data to broaden the area coverageand then use satellite data to broaden the area coverage

From point‐measurement to area measurement in a consistent frameworkf

Page 5: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

How to construct a supporting databasepp gfor satellite retrieval?

observationSupporting Database

Model Simulations?

NOAA AMSU‐B

TBCloud 

Observations?Linkage btw  TB ‐ Ice

No  ice IceIce Consistency check 

Retrieval AlgorithmRetrieval

ybtw 

TB and  TB ?

To overcome the lack of in situ observations of IWC profiles, we take the advantage of surface radar observations

Page 6: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

Importance of database: manifolds problemp f f p

  i l i

Ch 1

TB observations

Ch 1

TB simulations

Ch 5 Ch 5

Ch 2 Ch 2

Representativeness?

Ch 3 Ch 4 Ch 3 Ch 4

Page 7: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

How to make a consistent framework bt  R d   d S t llit ? ( )btw Radar and Satellite? (1)

Both instruments

share the same microphysical and radiative properties.are looking at the same clouds.

* *  *  ** *  *  *

* *  ** *  *

*  *  *   ** *  **  *   *

* *  ** *  *  *

* ** *  **  *   *

Radar – MMCRAt the SGP site35 GHz (8.6 mm)

Satellite – AMSU‐B89, 150,  183.3±1,  183.3±3, 183.3±7 GHz

*  *   *    

*  *   *       

*  *   ** *  *  ** *  *  **  *   *

* *  *  ** *  *  *

* *  *  ** *  *  **  *   *

35 ( )Zenith‐pointing (90 m)Reflectivity & Doppler Data from surface 

16 km resolution at nadir, ~2000 km swath width, cross scan

Data from surface to 20 km ALT

Continuous observationin time (9 second)

Twice daily coverage per satellite (currently   3 NOAA satellites + SSMIS)

in time (9 second)

Page 8: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

How to make a consistent framework b  R d   d S lli ? btw Radar and Satellite? (2)

Fi d MMCR reflectivity profile

Find Z‐IWC relation 

y p

ice microphysics

single scattering IWC profile

MMCR Radar reflectivity

Radiative transfer  model

DatabaseTB  IWC TB – IWC profile relation

Page 9: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

From point‐ to area‐measurement in a consistent frameworkI   i l  Ice particle types

Including  various Ice Particle Shapes  instead of solid ice particle (Liu 2004)(Liu 2004)

‐ A sector‐ and a dendrite‐typefor snowflakes 

‐ rosettes with 3 to 6 hexagonal columns

H fi ld t  l  ( ) Hyemsfield et al. (2002) 

100 μm: bullet rosettes and aggregates

Page 10: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

From point‐ to area‐measurement in a consistent frameworkP ti l   i  di t ib ti  & d itParticle size distribution & density

Particle Size Distributions

‐ based on in situ measurements f   i ll   d 

density

of  synoptically generated midlatitude ice clouds (Heymsfield et al. 2003a,b)

‐ a gamma distribution of order  μ,  slope  λμ, p

Page 11: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

From point‐ to area‐measurement in a consistent frameworkSl   f th   ti l   i  di t ib tiSlope of the particle size distribution

Page 12: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

From point‐ to area‐measurement in a consistent frameworkB k tt i     tiBackscattering cross section

At 35 GHz (MMCR frequency)To calculate backscattering 

cross section for the defined h i l i   ti l  nonspherical ice particles, 

the Discrete Dipole Approximation (DDA) model is Approximation (DDA) model is used (Liu 2004).

Page 13: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

From point‐ to area‐measurement in a consistent framework 

R d  R fl ti it   IWC  l tiRadar Reflectivity ‐ IWC relation

From the backscattering cross section (s)  

100 Frame B

From the backscattering cross section (s), the radar reflectivity can obtained from                             

and                           .

g m

-3)

100

10-1By using the DDA model for the six types of 

cloud ice particle shapes, the Z‐IWC relation 

IWC

(g

m

10-2type-A snowflakestype-B snowflakes3-bulltet rosettes4-bullet rosettes

Frame Ap p ,

is derived as:79.0Z078.0IWC =

10-3

10-4

4-bullet rosettes5-bullet rosettes6-bullet rosettesmean for the six ice typesLiu and Illingworth [2000]Mace et al. [2002]

where IWC is in g m‐3 and Z in mm6 m‐3.

Frame A: this study’s Z‐IWC relations

Z (dBZ)

Figure. The relationships between Z and IWC.

-30 -20 -10 0 10 2010-4

DDA calculationsFrame B: Liu & Illingworth(2000) Z‐IWC

Lorenz‐Mie calculations

Page 14: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

From point‐ to area‐measurement in a consistent frameworkC i   f  i l i   l dConstruction of vertical ice clouds

To overcome the lack of in situ  1214

) 1214

)

(a) mean radar reflectivity (b) standard deviation

observations of vertical IWC structure, we take the advantage of surface radar observations. -30 -28 -26 -24 -22 -20 -18 -16

dBZe

2468

1012

heig

ht(k

m)

0 5 10 15 20dBZe

2468

1012

heig

ht(k

m)

Based on the major EOFs of MMCR radar reflectivity profiles, 

dBZe dBZe

8101214

eigh

t(km

)

8101214

eigh

t(km

)

(c) the first EOF (d) the second EOF

synthetic radar reflectivity profiles are constructed into IWC profiles.

-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6eigenvalues: 49% 56%

246he

ig

-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6eigenvalues: 22% 35%

246he

ig

(e) the third EOF (f) the fourth EOF

These IWC profiles serve as the inputs to a radiative transfer 

d l  h  li k  TB   d IWC  2468

101214

heig

ht(k

m)

2468

101214

heig

ht(k

m)

model  that links TBs and IWC profiles.

-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6eigenvalues: 11% 8%

2-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6

eigenvalues: 5% 1%

2

Figure. (a) Mean, (b) standard deviation, (c-f) major EOF profiles for the observed MMCR profiles (solid lines) and the generated radar reflectivity

MMCR radar reflectivity synthetic radar reflectivity

observed MMCR profiles (solid lines) and the generated radar reflectivity profiles (dotted lines). The first and second numbers in the bottom of (c-f)denote the eigenvalues for the observed and generated radar reflectivity profiles.

Page 15: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

From point‐ to area‐measurement in a consistent frameworkT IWP R l i    TB EOF d iTB‐IWP Relations on TB EOF domain

Figure. Large circles denote AMSU‐B‐TB's at the ARM SGP site. Small circles and crosses represent AMSU‐B‐TB's, whose departure from clear‐sky background brightness represent AMSU B TB s, whose departure from clear sky background brightness temperatures at 89 GHz are between 25 K and 50 K and greater than 50 K, respectively, over a 10 deg x 10 deg box centered at the SGP site during March 2003.

Page 16: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

Comparison of MMCR and AMSU‐B IWC profilesp f p f

Satellite retrievals MMCR retrievals

Page 17: Combining High Frequency Microwave Radiometer Surface … · 2020-02-06 · 11/21/2008 제9회기상레이더워크숍 Combining Satellite High‐Frequency Microwave Radiometer &

ConclusionsConclusions

A framework to retrieve ice water path over a broad area is presented b b b f f l d d d llby combining observations of a surface cloud radar and satellite microwave measurements in a physically consistent way. 

F   t ti   f  d l d t b  thi   t d   d t d  l  For construction of model database, this study adapted newly available ice microphysical properties from recent in situ observations and treated the single scattering properties based on DDA simulations of realistic nonspherical ice particles   of realistic nonspherical ice particles.  

A new radar reflectivity‐ice water content relation (                              ) was derived  

79.0Z078.0IWC =was derived.