columbus finds the new world and claims it for spain. 1492 columbian exchange: new plants, animals,...
TRANSCRIPT
English Colonies in theNew World
• Columbus finds the New World and claims it for Spain.1492
• Columbian Exchange: New plants, animals, and diseases are introduced to New World and Old World.
1500’s
• Spain colonizes the Americas and builds a wealthy empire. The African slave trade begins.
1500’s
• Other European countries explore and colonize North America.
1600’s
Review
1606: King James granted a charter to the Virginia Company to establish a colony in Virginia.144 British colonists sailed to America and founded the colony of Jamestown in 1607. (40 died on the way)
Their goals: to find GOLD and establish trade.
Most of the colonists were “gentlemen”. (Gentlemen don’t work)
Instead of growing food, most colonists searched for gold.
Jamestown colony
Captain John Smith
John Smith became the leader and made everyone work.
He established a “Work or starve” policy
The Jamestown colonists had problems with Native Americans.
In one incident, Pocahontas, the daughter of the Indian chief, saved the life of John Smith.
Problems with Native Americans
1614: Problems with the Native Americans calmed down when Pocahontas married a colonist, John Rolfe.
Pocahontas went to England with John Rolfe. She died there in 1617.
Pocahontas
Jamestown finally succeeded when the colonists began to grow tobacco.
Tobacco became a big hit in Europe but didn’t grow there.
Tobacco was a valuable cash crop.
Success!
Pictures of Jamestown
Jamestown
1st permanent English
colony in North
America.
Representative government
(people elected
representatives)
Its success encouraged
other colonists to
come.
African slaves arrived in
1619.
Why Jamestown was important
In England several groups of people were being persecuted for their religious beliefs.
To persecute means to treat someone unfairly for their beliefs.
Some of the persecuted groups included Puritans, Separatists, & Quakers.
Religious Persecution
In 1620 a group of Separatists decided to establish a colony in America so they could have religious freedom.
They called themselves Pilgrims because their voyage had a religious purpose.
They set sail on the Mayflower in September, 1620.
Plymouth
The Pilgrims intended to set up their colony in Virginia but the Mayflower was blown off course.The Pilgrims instead landed at Plymouth, near Cape Cod in what would later become Massachusetts.
Off Course
Before going ashore, the Pilgrims signed an agreement called the Mayflower Compact, named after their ship.
The Mayflower Compact was important because in it they agreed to establish a government and laws. It was an important step to establishing a representative government.
The Mayflower Compact
The Pilgrims faced a brutal first winter in Plymouth and half of them died from disease, malnutrition, and cold.
In the spring of 1621, the Pilgrims were approached by a Native American named Squanto, who spoke English.
Squanto and other Native Americans showed them how to grow corn, how to fish, and gather food.
Hard Times
With the help of Native Americans, a good leader named William Bradford, and hard work, the Plymouth Colony succeeded.
Plymouth Succeeds
Many other colonists later came to Massachusetts for religious freedom. So many came that it was called the Great Migration.
The Great Migration
A flood of immigrants that came for religious freedom
Plymouth Colony Houses
Pilgrim Clothing
Importance of success
Colonies at Jamestown and
Plymouth succeed
More colonists come for profit
or religious freedom
CAUSE EFFECT
Why they came?
Money
Religious
freedom
Who came?
Single men
families
How they got along with
Native Americans
fought
friendly
What are some differences between Jamestown and Plymouth?
Jamestown
Plymouth
What are some similarities between Jamestown and Plymouth?
JamestownPlymouth
Good leaders
• John Smith
• William Bradford
Starting out
• Starving• Many
died
Funding
• Both were funded by the Virginia Company