cogo_design_carlsontutorial

Chapter 2 - TutorialThis Tutorial is divided into 8 lessons that cover, in some degree, features found in the Cogo-Design, DTM-Contour, Section-Profile and Hydrology modules. The purpose of the Tutorialis to familiarize new users with the software, and specifically to describe the typical flow andsequence of commands that can be used to complete work efficiently. The Tutorial beginswith the Outline, which identifies each SurvCADD command that is covered in each of the 8lessons. It is expected that the user will have some basic knowledge of AutoCAD. How-ever, it is possible to simply follow through the Tutorial and duplicate each entry with no priorAutoCAD knowledge. We will explain things as we go, but your actual keyboard or mouseactions will be shown in bold type. You’ll be surprised how much you’ve learned by the endof each lesson. Lessons 1 through 4 deal with the Cogo-Design module, with some applica-tion of contouring using the DTM-Contour module. Lessons 5 and 6 focus specifically on theDTM-Contour module. Lesson 7 covers aspects of the Section-Profile module and Lesson 8takes a tour of the Hydrology module. Just a reminder - It is a good idea to save yourdrawing often.

OUTLINE

LESSON 1: Entering a DeedNo Prerequisite� Drawing Setup � Point Defaults � Enter Deed Description� Title Block � North Arrow � Bar Scale� Dtext (Text-Dynamic) � Text Enlarge/Reduce � Change Text Font� Edit Text � Trim by Point Symbol � Area Label Defaults� Inverse with Area � Layer Control

LESSON 2: Making a Plat Prerequisite File: Plat.txt� Configure SurvCADD � Drawing Setup � Importing ASCII Points� List Points � Draw/Locate Points � Scale Point Attributes� Setting Layers (AutoCAD) � Drawing 2D Polylines � Line Types� Isolate and Restore Layers � Smooth Polyline � Offset (AutoCAD)� 4-Sided Building � 2D Polyline with 3-Pt Arcs � Extend by Distance� Annotation Defaults � Change Polyline Width � New Layers(keyboard)� Change Layer � Insert Symbols � Freeze Layer� Building Dimensions � Offset Dimensions � Adjoiner Text� Angle/Distance Annotation � Annotate Arc � Special Leader� North Arrow and Bar Scale � Title Block � Legend� Dtext and Mtext (AutoCAD)� Style and Bold Fonts � Contouring� Contour Elevation Label � Plot command (in AutoCAD R14 and up)

LESSON 3: Field-to-Finish—Doing Lesson 2 Faster!Prerequisite Files: Plat.txt and SurvCadd.fld, Plat2.Lgd

� Drawing Wizard � Field-to-Finish � Layer ID� Polyedit-Close � Remove Polyline Segment � Erase Point Attributes� Extend by Distance (t-total) � Twist Screen � Twist Point Attributes� Move Point Attributes � Flip Text � Auto Bldg Dimensions� Annotate Arc � Hatch � Solid Fill� Offset 3D Polyline � Leader with Text � Contouring from File

LESSON 4:Street Intersections, Cul-de-Sacs, and Subdivision LayoutPrerequisite File: Plat4.dwg

� Opening a Drawing � Draw/Locate Pt-(keyed in) � Traverse� Hot Keys (T, SS, I) � Line On/Off � Join Nearest� Curve Design � Polyedit (line to polyline) � Inverse� Offsets & Intersections � Cul-de-Sacs-Standard � Cul-de-Sacs-Teardrop� Break at Selected Point � Lot Layout � Reverse Polyline� Break at Intersection � Area by Interior Point � Hinged Area� Bpoly (Boundary Polyline) � Trim command � Trim 3D Polyline� Sliding Side Area � Create Points from Entities � Sequential Numbers� Lot File by Interior Text � Area by Interior Point � Lot File Report� Input-Edit Lot File � Input-Edit Points � Draw Lot File

LESSON 5: Contouring, Valley Dam, and Road Design by DTMPrerequisite File: Topo.crd

� Contouring � Index Contours � Label Index only� Edit Contours � Make 3D Grid File � Design Valley Pond� 3D Viewer Window � 3D Polyline by Slope on Surface� Offset 3D Polyline � Join Nearest (Direct Connect) � Pad Template

LESSON 6: Contouring with Breaklines, Stockpile VolumesPrerequisite Files: Mantopo.crd, Mantopo.dwg and Mantopo.ini

� Contouring � Field-to-Finish “on-the-fly” � Delete Layer� Contouring with Break Lines � Explode � Change Elevation� List Elevation � Volumes by Layer � Stockpile Volumes

LESSON 7: Basic Road Design with VolumesPrerequisite: Example2.dwg

� Drape 3D Polyline � Profile from Surface Entities � Draw Profile� Design Road Profile � Polyline to Centerline File� Input-Edit Section Alignment � Sections from Surface Entities � Design Template� Draw Typical Template � Input Edit Section File � Drawing Explorer� Process Road Design

LESSON 8: Flow Analysis by SCS Method

� Slope Report � Runoff Tracking � 3D Poly Flow Values� Rainfall Frequency & Amount � Sub-Watersheds by Land Use � Curve Numbers/Runoff� Time of Concentration � Peak Flow � Detention Pond Sizing� Design Valley Pond � Pond Weir Spillway Design � Stage Storage Curve� Drop Pipe Spillway Design � Channel Design-Mannings � Draw Flow Polylines� Hydrograph Development � Draw Hydrograph � Locate Structures

4 Tutorial - Entering A Deed

Lesson 1: Entering a Deed

This short lesson is for beginners. It will demonstrate that making a drawing is a simpleprocess. We will enter a 6-sided deed, add title block, bar scale and north arrow, add some titleand certification text, and plot the deed area. This is a warm-up lesson, like a stretching exercisebefore the start of a race. Make note at the outset that the Esc key will cancel most every com-mand, so if you choose the wrong command or enter something wrong and want to start over, justpress Esc.

Step 1: Click the icon for SurvCADD CES and launch AutoCad/SurvCADD. You may bepresented with a “Startup Wizard” dialog, and if so, click Exit.

Step 2: Under the Inq-Set pulldown menu, click Drawing Setup and verify that your HorizontalScale is 50 and units are English. If the scale is set to 100 or 40 or something other than 50,change to 50. Make sure your settings match those shown below (these are the default settingsfor all new copies of SurvCADD CES):

Tutorial - Entering A Deed Page 2-5

Step 3: Choose Point Defaults under the Points pulldown menu, and in the dialog at theupper left, click off Elevations (this eliminates the “Elevation” prompt), verify thatDescriptions are clicked on and also be sure that the point symbol is set to symbol 4(SPT4), the round, open circle. Click ON Automatic Point Numbering also.

Step 4: Be sure you are in the Cogo-Design Module, and under the Tools pulldown menu, selectEnter Deed Description. If you are in another menu (such as DTM-Contour), use the Miscpulldown menu to select Cogo-Design. We will again use the default settings in the Plot DeedDescription dialog, as shown below:


Note that the “To Table Scaler” is set to 0.00. If it were set to 1.00, that means that deed callsless than 1.00 times the drawing scale (50), or less than 50’, will plot to a table. In other words, at ascale of 1”=50’ in English units, deed calls less than an inch, when plotted, will instead be placedin a table of calls. Also note that we could turn Point Format to “None”, meaning no pointnumbers are created when entering a deed. Do not change anything, match what is shown above,and click OK. The “command” line is that area below the graphics and to the left. Whenprompted to “Pick point or point number” at the command line, simply pick a point in the lower leftquadrant of your screen to start the deed plotting. If prompted for elevation, you failed to turn offthe elevation prompt in Point Defaults. Press Esc and return to Point Defaults. Otherwise, whenprompted for description, enter “Fence Post”. A dialog will appear, asking where to store thecoordinates:

Select New. For File Name, type in Deed. This will create a file called Deed.crd. All SurvCADDCES points are stored in files that end in “crd”, which stands for “coordinates”. Respond to thecommand line prompting exactly as shown below:

Exit/Curve/<Bearing (Qdd.mmss)>: 125.3500 The quadrant (Q) is 1 for Northeast (2 is South-east, 3 is Southwest and 4 is Northwest). The bearing is 25 degrees, 35 minutes and 00 seconds.If all digits for the minutes and seconds are entered as shown above, then the deed call will befully plotted, including the seconds. If only the degrees and minutes were entered, as in 125.35,then the plot would appear as “N 250 35’ E”. Keep going:

Varas/Poles/Chains/<Distance>: 200.51 Lets note here that you can enter old deeds in theforms of Poles and Links, Chains and Links and even Varas (a unit of measurement formerly usedin the southwestern states of the U.S.).Enter Point Description <Fence Post>: Iron Pin (now for the next set)

Undo/Exit/Curve/<Bearing (Qdd.mmss)>: 189.4321Varas/Poles/Chains/<Distance>: 225.00Enter Point Description <Iron Pin>: Enter (this will default to “Iron Pin”)

Undo/Exit/Curve/<Bearing (Qdd.mmss)>: C (for curve—the “c” can be upper or lower case)Radius: 75Curve direction [Left/<Right>]? Enter (for right)Non-tangent/Reverse-tangent/Bearing/Chord/DeltaAng/Tangent/<Arc Len>: 118.17


If you don’t know the arc length, but know the tangent, you would choose “T” for tangent.Enter Point Description <Iron Pin>: Enter

Undo/Exit/Curve/<Bearing (Qdd.mmss)>: 200.0000 (due south) If you were just to enter 2 (nodegrees, minutes or seconds), then the deed call would be plotted “S 000 E”.Varas/Poles/Chains/<Distance>: 178.00Enter Point Description <Iron Pin>: Concrete Monument

Undo/Exit/Curve/<Bearing (Qdd.mmss)>: 488.2300 (Northwest 88 degrees, 23 minutes)Varas/Poles/Chains/<Distance>: 300.34Enter Point Description <Concrete Monument>: Fence Post

Undo/Exit/Curve/<Bearing (Qdd.mmss)>: 454.1109Varas/Poles/Chains/<Distance>: 106.93Enter Point Description <Fence Post>: Press spacebar, then Enter. To avoid drawing the text“Fence Post” twice on the end point, you can’t press Enter for nothing, because that will use thedefault text (Fence Post) again. So spacebar, for a blank character and Enter avoids any text.

You are now done with the 6-sided figure (including one curve). This time, press E for Exit:

Undo/Exit/Curve/<Bearing (Qdd.mmss)>: EThe following results are reported:SQ. FEET: 82302.9 SQ. YARDS: 9144.8 SQ. MILES: 0.0ACRES: 1.89Closure error distance> 0.01708540 Error Bearing> S 52d5’26" EClosure Precision> 1 in 66076.89 Total Distance Traversed> 1128.95

The deed wasn’t perfect, but it wasn’ttoo bad, with a closure of 1:66077. Inthe initial prompt “Undo/Exit/Curve…”,U for Undo would allow for the re-entryof the previous deed call.

Step 5: Under the Inq-Set pulldownmenu, select Title Block. If you haveAutoCad 14 or Map R2 and R3, youobtain a dialog which you can fill outas shown to the right (or creatively useyour own input). Note that the title lineis plotted in large text on the title block,and will only fit about 15 characters.

Be sure to select Paper Size B2 (17 x 11)for our example. If you have AutoCad2000 or Map 2000, we have added


additional capabilities to the TitleBlock routine, and you will see a“front-end” dialog with severaloptions, which you should fillout as shown to the right:

After you’ve completed the titleblock entries and select OK, youwill be prompted:

Enter or Pick lower left cornerpoint for border: Pick somewhatbelow and to the left of yourdrawing, referencing the plotshown below:

With AutoCad 2000 or Map 2000, the entry of title block text follows the picking of the screenlocation for the title block. Now do View pulldown, Extents to see the entire area. If your borderneeds to be shifted not to overdraw on your deed plot or to “look better”, then use the “move”command under the Edit pulldown menu, pick the border lines and the title block objects (up to 3


picks total), press Enter (for no more object selection), then do two picks representingthe vector of the “shift” you would like. Do View, Extents again.

Some tips: If you “make a mistake”, enter U for undo or select the “back arrow” icon that appearsat the top of the screen. If you want to see your whole working area, use View, Extents. If youwould like a little margin around the working area, then after View, Extents, do View pulldown,Zoom Out. Then do View pulldown, Window, and Window back in with a lower left and upperright pick that captures the view, and the margin, that you prefer.

Step 6: Under the Annotate pulldown menu, select Draw North Arrow. Pick a North Arrow fromamong the icons, watch it ghost as you bring it in, place it in the upper right of your drawing, andclick Enter to all of the prompting until it draws. Again, if you don’t like the location of thearrow, choose Move under Edit (or Enter M for move at the command line) and move it.

Step 7: Under Annotate, select Draw Bar Scale. Pick an insertion point below the North Arrowand right above the A in Farmer (the bar scale draws left-to-right from the insertion point, so giveit some room). Move it after it draws, if desired.

Step 8: Under the Draw pulldown, there is the command Text, which slides over to Dynamic. Butlet’s try something new. Let’s do the command for Dynamic Text, by entering Dtext at thecommand line. Prompting is:

Justify/Style/<Start point>: C (C is a form of “justification” meaning “centered”)Center point: Pick a point near the top-center of the drawing, which would be a good point forcentered text. We will be entering 2 lines of text: (Farmer Survey and Ashland, KY).Height <4.00>: 10 (let’s make the title text bigger than the default)Rotation angle <S 54d11’9” E>: E (go due E—the default is left over from Deed Description)Text: Farmer SurveyText: Ashland, KYText: Enter

Now let’s say we wanted to enter some sort of certification in the lower right of the drawing, justabove the title block. We would again enter Dtext, but would switch to L for left-justification anduse size 4 again. We also need to “skip” a line of text, and since Enter would exit the command, weapply the “trick” of using a spacebar with Enter to “force” the blank line. Here we go:

If you haven’t done anything else, like Zoom or Pan, you can press Enter to repeat the lastcommand. Try it. You should repeat Dtext. If not, Esc will cancel, and enter Dtext at the commandprompt.

Justify/Style/<Start point>: Pick a point above and to the left of the title block for a certification.(You don’t have to enter L for left-justification—it would be an invalid entry in any case. TheDtext command defaults to left-justification every time.)Height <10.00>: 4Rotation angle <E>: Enter


Text: Surveyor’s CertificationText: Hit spacebar, then EnterText: I do hereby certify that the survey shown hereonText: is a true and correct representation…..Text: Hit spacebar, then EnterText: _____________________________________Text: Arnold James, PLS #2534Text: Enter (to end)

Here’s a closeup of the certification that we just entered:Step 9: Enlarge the two title lines (“Farmer Survey” and “Surveyor’s Certification”) by a factorof 2.0 by using the command Text Enlarge/Reduce under the Edit pulldown, option Text. Whenprompted for Scaling Multiplier, enter 2. Then select both the Farmer Survey text (at the top ofthe screen—not in the title block) and the Surveyor’s Certification text. Remember that whenasked to Select Objects, you keep selecting until you have selected all you want, then when asked


again to Select Objects, you press Enter.

Tip: When asked to Select Objects, if you “over-select”, that is, select something you don’t want,you can enter “R” to the next Select Objects prompt, and remove items from the selection set. Ifyou want to keep adding back after you have removed a few, then you enter “A” to add whenprompted to Select Objects.

Step 10: Make the enlarged Farmer Survey text at the top of the screen “bold” by changing itsfont to the “bold” font. Select Edit pulldown menu, Text, and slide over to Change Text Font.

Select Objects: Pick the Farmer Survey Text at the top of the drawing.Select Objects: Enter (for no more selections)Enter new text Style: Bold (this is a font that is provided with SurvCADD CES)

Step 11: Use Edit Text (under the Edit pulldown, sliding over from Text) to changeS 00000’00” E to S 000 E. When Edit Text is selected, it will ask, “Select Text to Edit:” pick thedue South bearing text. A dialog appears as follows:

Note that AutoCad represents the degree symbol as %%d. If, within the command Dtext, you hadtyped N 15%%d25’35” E, AutoCad would draw that entry as

N 15025’35” E. To accomplish the edit, click in the text right after the quotation and back spaceuntil it reads as shown above. Then click OK. You could have just as easily changed the entiretext to “Due South”. Press Enter to exit the command.

Tip: Edit Text works well with standard text. But in this drawing, we actually have two other typesof text: Attribute Text (in the Title Block) and Point Symbol Text (surrounding the points, in theform of point elevations and descriptions). Each of these other forms of text has their own editor.For Title Block Text, use the command Attribute Edit found under the Edit pulldown menu. (Notethat there is a Next button to see every single text entry.) For Point Symbol Text, use the commandEdit Point Attributes under the Points menu.


Step 12: In the enlargement above showing the title block and also showing point 5, notice howthe linework travels into the circle. Some surveyors and drafters prefer to clip off the linework atthe edge of the corner symbols, for appearance sake. There’s a command for this (and muchmore!). This command requires that all the points be in view, so if you do not see your entiredrawing, do the View pulldown, option Extents (sometimes referred to Zoom Extents). Select Trimby Point Symbol under the Points pulldown menu.

Select SurvCADD point symbols to trim against.Select objects: All (All is a handy and legitimate selection option—only linework crossing intocorner symbols will be trimmed).Select objects: Enter (Remember—you are always asked again to Select objects until you pressEnter, meaning that you have no more items to select. Referring to one of the previous “Tips”,some people who want to select “almost everything” for a particular command will select Allobjects, then on the second prompt, they enter “R” for remove objects, and remove the few itemsthat they don’t want to select).The trimming is completed.

Step 13: Prepare for area labeling by selecting Area Label Defaults, under the Area pulldown.Change the “Other Area Labels” and “Inverse with Area” decimal precision to 4 decimal places.Also, make the Area Text Size Scaler 0.2 (double it from the default 0.1). The dialog shouldappear as shown below:


We are going to compute the area by point number, but we could have chosen the command Areaby Lines & Arcs. In this command, we would pick the lines and arcs that make up the figure, butsince our closure was 0.017 off (the distance from point 7 to point 1), we exceed the default “Maxgap” tolerance. Unless we changed that tolerance in this dialog to something larger than 0.017, wewould get no result with Area by Lines & Arcs. It would be dangerous to change it for thisexercise, because you might forget to change it back! We will compute area instead by“inversing” from 1 through 7 and back to 1.

Step 14: Select Inverse with Area under Area. Answer as follows:

Station/<Pick Starting point or point number>: 1Pick point or point numbers (R-RadiusPt, U-Undo, Enter to end): 2Pick point or point numbers (R-RadiusPt, U-Undo, Enter to end): 3Pick point or point numbers (R-RadiusPt, U-Undo, Enter to end): rRadius point number or pick point: cen (for center “snap”)Of (Now move the cursor, without picking, to the arc and see how the center snap becomes active.It has “found” the radius point. Now pick on that arc.)Curve direction [Left/<Right>]? Enter (for right)Pick End of Arc or point number (U-Undo, Enter to end): 4Pick point or point numbers (R-RadiusPt, U-Undo, Enter to end): 5Pick point or point numbers (R-RadiusPt, U-Undo, Enter to end): 6Pick point or point numbers (R-RadiusPt, U-Undo, Enter to end): 7Pick point or point numbers (R-RadiusPt, U-Undo, Enter to end): 1Pick point or point numbers (R-RadiusPt, U-Undo, Enter to end): Enter (for no more)

A dialog of the results will appear. Select Exit at the top of the dialog and prompting will appear asshown below:SQ. FEET: 83921.8 SQ. YARDS: 9324.6 SQ. MILES: 0.0ACRES: 1.9266 PERIMETER: 1128.9671Pick area label centering point: Pick a point near the center of the figure, in its interior.Erase Polyline Yes/No <Yes>: y (This erases a “polyline” that has been drawn overtop our originallines and arcs. Inverse with Area draws this polyline because many times you are solving the areafrom points and want the new linework drawn.)

Tip: The whole concept of “snapping” is central to AutoCad. We “snapped” to the radius pointusing the “cen” snap. Object snaps appear under the Inq-Set pulldown menu. Since all plottedpoints have a “node”, you could have inversed around this figure by using the “nod” snap for allof points 1 through 7, and the single “cen” snap to capture the radius point. Snaps are typicallykeyboard entered as 3 characters (eg. “int” for intersect, “end” for endpoint, etc.).


Step 15: Freeze the point numbers to obtain the “final”, practice drawing by choosing LayerControl under View, and opposite Pntno in the column that has the “sun”, click it to a “snow-flake”. That “freezes” it. It is still there, waiting to be “thawed”, but won’t plot. This creates ourfinal drawing, as shown below:

Tutorial - Making A Plat Page 2-15

Lesson 2: Making a Plat

Our goal will be to draw out a plat of a single lot, using straightforward drafting techniquesfound within the Cogo-Design module of SurvCADD CES. We will make the plat from anASCII file of points. The name of the file is Plat.txt. This file contains 54 points in the formof Point Number, Northing, Easting, Elevation, Description. Let’s get started.

Step 1: Click the icon for SurvCADD CES and launch AutoCad/SurvCADD. You maybe presented with a “Startup Wizard” dialog as shown below:

The “Wizard” Dialog

We will use this in Lesson 3. But we need to avoid the Wizard in Lesson 2 so that when youdo use it, you’ll appreciate it! The Wizard just “wisks” you through a series of commands thatwe will have to select on our own in Lesson 2.

For those of you who get the Startup Wizard dialog, click Exit.

16 Tutorial - Making A Plat

Now we’ve said that some of you may not get the dialog. That’s because the appearance ofthe dialog can be turned off two ways. One way is to click the option at the lower left:“Skip Startup Wizard Next Time”.Another way to turn off the Wizard is to click it off within Configure SurvCADD.

Step 2: Under the File pulldown menu, click Configure SurvCADD. This will presentthe following menu of sub-options:

Configure SurvCADD Options

Click General Settings. That leads to the rather large dialog shown here.


General Settings DialogNote that the Startup Wizard is clicked on in the upper left corner of this dialog. All thesesettings, as well as the many other settings in the various Configure SurvCADD sub-options,determine default working conditions for SurvCADD. For example, in our case, data files willstore, by default, to c:\scadces\DATA. For example, if we clicked on “Link Labels withLinework”, then if we moved a line or polyline that contained bearings and distances, thebearings and distances would automatically change. A new feature, “Group Point Entities” ishere turned on—which groups point elevations, numbers and descriptions (all aspects of thepoints) into a single entity for moving, erasing and other commands. Also note that we willchoose to store our points in “Numeric Only” form. This produces point numbers such as 1, 2,3, 10, 11, etc. If we were to select Alphanumeric, then we could have point numbers like 1A,1B, 1C, HUB5, CTRL, SS10, etc. There is a slight speed advantage to work with purelynumeric point numbers, and because this works with “integers”, the highest numeric pointnumber is just over 32000. Regardless of format, point numbers are stored in a file that hasthe extension “CRD”. There is no limit to the number of points in an alphanumeric CRD file.

Referring to the Startup Wizard, click it on (as shown above). Had we chosen theoption to “Skip Startup Wizard Next Time” in the original Wizard dialog, then the upper leftoption would appear clicked off within the General Settings Dialog. One affects the other.Click OK here and Exit Configure SurvCADD.

Step 3: Select Drawing Setup under the Inq-Set pulldown menu. We will assume thatwe “know” that a scale of 1”=100’ (English units) is best for our drawing. The scale acts asa multiplier on all text annotation. For example, 100 * Text Scaler (0.08) = 8 (text height of 8units). The Text Scaler is the effective height, in inches, that the text will appear when plottedat the Horizontal Scale (here 100). At one time, the state of Virginia was requesting plats witha minimum text height of 0.10 inches. Therefore, the Text Scaler would be set to 0.1 to meetthat requirement, although the Horizontal Scale would change from job to job. Bearings andDistances, Legends, Title Blocks, Point Symbols, etc. will size up or down on the basis of theHorizontal Scale set within Drawing Setup. When the dialog appears, set the HorizontalScale to 100 and press Enter. Then click OK to Exit.


Step 4: Import the ASCII file Plat.txt and store the points in a Coordinate file called Plat.Crd.Under the Points pulldown menu, select the command “Import Text/ASCII File”.The program will recognize that since you are in a new drawing, you have not yet set a CRDfile to store the points in. So you will get this dialog, shown at below: Click New.In the next dialog, to the right of File name, enter Plat and click Save. Points will bestored in Plat.crd.


When the Text FileFormat dialog appears,click the “Select Text/ASCII Files” buttonnear the top of thedialog and choosePlat.txt, found in thedefault data directory(C:\scadces\DATA).

Note that the format ofthe points appears inthe “Preview Window”.The format is:Point (P), Northing (Y),Easting (X), Elevation(Z), Description (D), orin short, P,Y,X,Z,D.You need to match thisformat in the box

entitled “Coordinate Order”. If you don’t see P,Y,X,Z,D opposite Coordinate Order,then you need to select that format from the Common Formats options at the middleright of the dialog. Alternately, you can just enter it directly within CoordinateOrder.

Now click OK. After completion, a confirming dialog will appear as follows:


Step 5: Choose List Points under the Pointspulldown menu. The List Points dialog willtypically default to the full range of points which is1 through 54. You may wish to control the decimalplaces for the Northing/Easting and separately forthe Elevation of the points. This is done in thelower portion of the dialog. Using the settingsshown, this leads to the printout shown below:


Exit this dialog by selecting the Exit icon at the top of the dialog or by clicking the X in theupper right of the dialog.

Step 6: Select Draw/Locate Points under the Points pulldown menu to draw thepoints on the screen. This leads to the dialog shown below:

Note that the current Symbol Name (upper left of dialog) is SPT10, which stands forSurvCADD Point symbol 10. SPT10 is an X, shown in the symbol display window in theupper right of the dialog. Your default may be SPT4 or as set in Configure SurvCADD,Drawing Setup.

We will use the command Draw ALL (lower middle), but not until we change theSymbol Name to null, or symbol 0 (in effect, no symbol). We will add “official” propertycorner and utility symbols later, so for now we will work best if we have no symbol at all.Keep in mind that there will always be a “dot” or a node at the correct insertion point of eachpoint number. The symbol is “extra”.

So click “Select”, the upper button in the dialog. You will get the following graphic:


Just click the blank SPT0 option. Note that the scroll bar at the right of this SelectSymbol dialog will lead on to many pages of different symbols.

You will return to the Draw-Locate Point dialog. Here you need to click Draw All.This leads to the rather “busy” point plot shown below:


Step 7: Select Scale Point Attributes under the Point pulldown menu. After plottingpoints, if there are areas where the points are too small or too congested, you can enlarge orshrink the points with the command Scale Point Attributes. One area of the plot is verycongested (lower right). Let’s “window” these points and scale them down by a factor of 0.4.For Scaling Multiplier, enter 0.4. When it says “Select Objects”, enter WP forWindow Polygon. Then make a polygon around the congested area (the WindowPolygon selection method does not expect you to close back to where you start—see below). Press Enter when you have made it around the points.

You will be asked again to Select Objects (eg. you might want to select more itemsto shrink). Press Enter. Note how the points have scaled down.


Step 8: Prepare for drawing linework by setting the Current Layer to Final (or as desired). Itis a good idea to deliberately draft linework and symbol work that you plan to keep in special,designated layers. For our purposes, we will do linework and symbol work in the layer Final.If we preferred, we could put property linework in the Final layer and utility linework in theUtility layer, but for now we will put all linework and symbols in the layer Final. To make“Final” the current, working layer, go to Layer Control under the View pulldown menu, clickFinal, then click Current. See below:


Step 9: Draw linework using the Polyline command under the Design pulldown menu. ThisPolyline command allows the entry of point numbers, as opposed to the “pure” AutoCadPolyline command, which would require that the user “snap” to the node of the points toconnect them. Verify that you are in the Cogo-Design module. If you don’t see aCogo and a Design pulldown menu, go to the Misc pulldown menu and select Cogo-Design. Now select Polyline under Design. We will first connect up portions of theproperty. At the prompt, Pick point or point numbers, enter 1, then 8, then Enter toexit. We have our first polyline. We want this as a separate polyline, because this back lotline will be turned into a fence line.

But first, lets connect up what we can of the other property lines. Repeat the Polylinecommand (Enter will repeat the command, but you can also select it from the Designpulldown menu). Connect 8 through 10 by entering:

Pick point or point numbers: 8-10Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: A <enter>

This will connect 8 to 9 to 10 and start an arc at point 10. Note that backwards ranges work,


too. You could have entered 10-8, but then you wouldn’t be able to continue into an arc atpoint 10.

Second point/Radius point/radius Length/<Endpoint or numbers>: 15Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: 1Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: Press Enter to

end the command. This will create the full lot, with the arc coming off point 10 on tangent(though the line from 15 to 1 is not guaranteed to be tangent to the previous arc).You are “on track” if you have the following linework:

Step 10: Create a fence line on the polyline from points 1 to 8. We did this first polylineseparately, on purpose. We want to turn it into a fence line. To do this, choose the com-mand Line Types under Annotate, and slide over to the first command, ChangePolyline Linetype. Note that this command makes varieties of polylines that still respond asone entity when selected. A dialog appears as shown below left. Click the Next button(lower right) and get the dialog shown at right. Choose the Fence_S option (thesolid fence line).


When it says Select Objects, pick the upper fence line. Press Enter to end selec-tion. Notice that the “Current Linetype Scaler”, governing spacing, is 0.5 (inches) and thetext height scaler is 0.1. If your settings are different, you may want to Undo (U for undo)the fence line and go to Defaults under the Annotate pulldown menu and set these items tomatch our example.


Step 10: Practice “isolating” to the final drawing layers. Under View, select IsolateLayers, pick the property line and press Enter twice. Here is your result:

Step 11: Connect up the edge of pavement. First do View, Restore Layers to get yourpoints back. Make a mental note how convenient Isolate and Restore Layers can be, andhow they work together. Isolate to what you want, then Restore back. (Don’t Isolatetwice—you only get one Restore—it doesn’t “nest”.) Now go to Polyline under Design,and enter as follows:Pick point or point numbers: 45-47,49-51Then hit Enter at the next prompt to exit this command. This creates the road. Notehow you can separate range entries using a comma.

Step 12: Smooth the edge-of-road polyline. Choose the command Polyline Utilitiesunder Edit, and slide over to Smooth Polyline.Enter the looping factor (1-10) <5>: EnterEnter the offset cutoff <0.05>: EnterSelect objects: Pick the edge of road polyline.Select objects: <enter>

Step 13: Offset the smoothed edge-of-roadpolyline 24 feet to make the opposite edge ofroad. Select Offset under the Drawpulldown.Offset distance or Through <Through>: 24Select object to offset: Pick the edge-of-road polylineSide to offset: Pick off to the right to offsetright

Select object to offset: Enter to exit thiscommand.Now do Isolate Layers, pick on any of yourlinework, and you should see the following:Do Restore Layers to recover your points.It’s important to get used to the “cadence” ofIsolate and Restore Layers. Its Isolate Layers,pick layers to isolate, then 2 Enters, followedlater by Restore Layers (no picks).


Step 14: Draw the 2-sided Shed and complete the Shed using the command 4-Sided Building.Select Polyline under the Design pulldown and connect 5 through 7 as follows:Pick point or point numbers: 5-7Then Enter to exit at the next prompt.

This produces a 2-sided building as shown here:

To close up the opposite two sides and turn it into a 4-sided shed, select 4-SidedBuilding under Design.Pick a 2-sided building: Pick the shed.Enter a width for the polyline <0.00>: Enter (0 width means 1 pass of the pen, ineffect).Now our 2-sided building looks like this:

Step 15: Complete the driveway and paving areas. This is the area of tightly spaced pointsthat led to our use of Scale Point Attributes. We scaled these points down by 0.4 to see thembetter. The point numbers range from point 27 to point 44. This time, we’re not going tosimply connect points and smooth out the points, like we did with the edge-of-pavement. Inthe case of the driveway, let’s assume that the surveyor’s who collected the points specificallyshot in “3-point arcs”. They came up to a PC, shot a point on the arc, and finished up at thePT. Under the View pulldown, select Window and pick a lower left and upper rightpoint that windows in on the driveway area. Then select View, Previous to window back.View, Window to window in, then View, Previous to window back. This is very basic, but it isimportant that you are comfortable with this procedure. Now window in tight again (View,Window). We’re going to walk the Polyline through 2 arcs, so follow carefully:

Select Polyline under Design.Pick point or point numbers: 27Undo/Arc/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: 28Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: ASecond point/Radius point/radius Length/<Endpoint or numbers>: S (use for 3-ptarcs!)Pick Second Point or point number: 29Pick End Point or point number: 30


Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: 31Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: ASecond point/Radius point/radius Length/<Endpoint or numbers>: SPick Second Point or point number: 32Pick End Point or point number: 33Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: Enter

Lets review. We started at 27, went to the PC on 28 and swung through a 3-point arc throughpoints 29 and 30, then went tangent to 31, another PC, then did a 3-point arc through 32 and33 and ended there.

Since practice makes perfect, and an offset will not work for the other side of the drive area,lets do it again, but we will first connect up the basketball court area:

Select Polyline under Design (or Enter to repeat the previous command).Pick point or point numbers: 27Undo/Arc/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: 44Undo/Arc/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: 43-39 (you can do “backwards”ranges)Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: ASecond point/Radius point/radius Length/<Endpoint or numbers>: S (use for 3-ptarcs!)Pick Second Point or point number: 38Pick End Point or point number: 37Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: 36Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: ASecond point/Radius point/radius Length/<Endpoint or numbers>: SPick Second Point or point number: 35Pick End Point or point number: 34Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: Enter

That wasn’t so bad—but there is no getting around the keystrokes. That’s why we’ve savedup the concept of Field-to-Finish for you in Lesson 3. Our goal is to make you a believer.(Only about 50% of civil/survey companies use Field-to-Finish—the percentage should becloser to 100%. It saves time, and efficiently communicates between the field crew and theoffice staff).Shown below is our drawing, up to this point.

Step 16: Make a building footprint using Extend by Distance. Points 18 and 19 are two shot


corners of a building. Lets assume that the surveyors taped the main house, going clockwisefrom point 18, as follows: 10’L, 20’R, 40’L, 20’R, 20’L,

83’L, 60’L, 23’L, 10’RThese “jogs” in the building are easily entered using the command Extend by Distance. Firstyou need a polyline or line segment to start from. If you are zoomed in on the driveway,do View, Zoom Out, then View, Pan to focus on the building north of the driveway.Now use Design, Polyline to draw a line from 18 to 19.Pick point or point numbers: 18Undo/Arc/Length/<Pick point of point numbers>: 19Enter to end.

Now select Extend under the Edit pulldown menu and slide over to Extend byDistance.Pick line or pline to extend: Pick the building line closer to point 18—this makesthe arrow point towards 18 rather than 19. Now we can go clockwise:Enter or pick distance to Draw: (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): L10 (lowercase “l” and “r” work also)


Enter or pick distance to Draw: (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): R20Enter or pick distance to Draw: (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): L40Enter or pick distance to Draw: (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): R20Enter or pick distance to Draw: (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): L20Enter or pick distance to Draw: (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): L83Enter or pick distance to Draw: (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): L60Enter or pick distance to Draw: (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): L23Enter or pick distance to Draw: (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): R10Enter or pick distance to Draw: (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): Enter to end

Step 17: Wrap up the linework with the sewer line and the electric utility line. To seeeverything, do View, Extents. The sewer line runs from 52 to 53 to 54. Select DesignPolyline.Pick point or point numbers: 52-54Enter to end.Next we’re going to annotate the sewer polyline using Change Polyline Linetype, but we aregoing to control the spacing of the annotation by the Defaults command under Annotate. Soselect the Defaults option under the Annotate pulldown menu. The following dialogappears.

Note the Line Type Spacing, highlighted above. Change it to 1.5. In effect, this will


label “S” on our sewer line every 1.5” at the current scale (1”=100’).

Now annotate the sewer line with an S by using, once again, Line Types underAnnotate, top option, Change Polyline Linetype. Choose the Sewer linetype whichappears on the 3rd page of options (click Next twice). Then select the sewer polylinethat runs next to the road.

Next we will do the electric utility line. This line runs from 3 to 4 to 17. Select Polylineunder Design.Pick point or point numbers: 3Undo/Arc/Length/<Pick point of point numbers>: 4Undo/Arc/Length/<Pick point of point numbers>: 17Undo/Arc/Length/<Pick point of point numbers>: Enter (to end)

No more points were taken beyond point 17 due to obstructions from the various setups in thefield. So we need to extend the polyline from 17 to beyond the property. This is another useof Extend by Distance. Choose Extend by Distance under Edit. Pick on the electricutility polyline near point 17. Then simply pick beyond the property (no keyboardentries needed here). Then Enter to end.

Before we annotate the electric utility line using Line Types, we need to offset it 25’ bothsides for a 50’ total right-of-way. Select Offset under Draw. Enter the offset distance of25. Pick the electric utility polyline and then pick to one side for the first offset.Repeat for the other side by first picking the electric utility polyline, then pickingthe other side for the offset. Enter to end.

Now annotate the central electric line with an E by using Line Types under Annotate,top option, Change Polyline Linetype. Choose the Electric linetype which appearson the 1st page of options. Then select the electric utility polyline.

Step 18: Make the Property lines bold with the command Change Polyline Width. Under theEdit pulldown, hit Polyline Utilities and find Change Polyline Width.

New Width <1.0>: 1.5 (for more emphasis)Select objects: Pick the property polylines (one pick for the fence line

portion and one for the remainder)Select objects: Enter (for no more)

Step 19: For some color contrast and better layer management, lets make a layer called road,color cyan, and change our road and driveway polylines to the layer Road. We can make thelayer Road using the Layer Control dialog, but lets illustrate a keyboard method.At the command prompt, type –LA (dash followed by LA).


-LAYER ?/Make/Set/New/ON/OFF….: M (for Make)New current layer <Final>: Road?/Make/Set/New/ON/OFF/Color….: C (for color)Color: C (for cyan, which is also color 4—4 is a legitimate entry)Layer name(s) for color 4 (cyan) <ROAD>: Enter, then Enter again to exit thecommand.

Now under the View pulldown, selectChange Layer.Select entities to be changed.Select objects: Pick all driveway androad entities.Pick entity with new layer or pressEnter to type name: EnterThis brings up the dialog shown at right.Select Road and press OK.Now, at least, we have some colorcontrast.All our linework is now complete and is

shown below:Step 20: We have a lot of symbols to add (trees, property corners, manholes and a light pole).


Let’s start with the trees. Points 11, 12 and 20 are oak trees of different sizes, and point 14 isa pine tree. We will use symbol 61 for the deciduous oak trees and symbol 53 for the pinetree. Under the Tools pulldown menu, select Insert Symbols. Use the down arrowkey at the right to proceed to the tree “zone”, which is several pages deep. Choosesymbol SPT61.

Layer for symbols <PNTS>: TREES (this will create a “Trees” layer “on the fly”.)Symbol Size <8.0>: 18 (it is sometimes effective to make the symbol size equal to thediameter)

Note: If you obtained the prompt:Options/Select entities/Pick pt or pt number/<Enter North(y)>:…….then youneed to enter P first to convert to the Pick point or point numbers defaultcondition. Otherwise, you would be expected to enter the Northing andEasting of the points to insert.

Options/Select entities/Enter Coords/<Pick point or point numbers>: 11Options/Select entities/Enter Coords/<Pick point or point numbers>: 20


Options/Select entities/Enter Coords/<Pick point or point numbers>: Enter

Now we need to place symbol 61 on the larger point 12 at size 24. Repeat Insert Symbols.Enter also repeats the last command. Select symbol 61.Layer for symbols <TREES>: EnterSymbol Size <8.0>: 24Options/Select entities/Enter Coords/<Pick point or point numbers>: 12Options/Select entities/Enter Coords/<Pick point or point numbers>: Enter

Now we need to place symbol 53 on the larger point 14 at size 8. Repeat Insert Symbols.Enter also repeats the last command. Select symbol 53.Layer for symbols <TREES>: EnterSymbol Size <8.0>: EnterOptions/Select entities/Enter Coords/<Pick point or point numbers>: 14Options/Select entities/Enter Coords/<Pick point or point numbers>: Enter

Now we need to place symbol 5 on points 8-10 and point 15 (representing an iron pin).Repeat Insert Symbols. Enter also repeats the last command. Select symbol 5 (firstpage).Layer for symbols <TREES>: FinalSymbol Size <8.0>: EnterOptions/Select entities/Enter Coords/<Pick point or point numbers>: 8-10,15Options/Select entities/Enter Coords/<Pick point or point numbers>: Enter

Note how the entry 8-10,15 puts symbols on points 8 through 10 as well as point 15.

We need to put a concrete monument (symbol 13) on point 1.Repeat Insert Symbols. Enter also repeats the last command. Select symbol 13.Layer for symbols <FINAL>: EnterSymbol Size <8.0>: EnterOptions/Select entities/Enter Coords/<Pick point or point numbers>: 13Options/Select entities/Enter Coords/<Pick point or point numbers>: Enter

Now let’s throw in a new technique. We need to put a manhole (symbol 34) on the vertices(endpoints) of the sewer line, at points 52 through 54. We could use the above methods, butwe can also use S for Select entities and place the symbol automatically at the vertices of theselected entity.

Repeat Insert Symbols. Select symbol 34.Layer for symbols <FINAL>: Enter


Symbol Size <8.0>: EnterOptions/Select entities/Enter Coords/<Pick point ofpoint numbers>: S

A small dialog appears. Just press OK.Rotation angle <0.0>: EnterSelect arcs, faces, points, text, lines and polylines.Select objects:Pick the sewer polyline.The symbols are then inserted at the three polyline end-points.

Step 21: Reduce clutter by selecting Freeze Layerunder View, and pick on one of the point numbers. The points freeze, leaving onlylinework and symbols. To bring the points back, do Thaw Layer. Freeze Layer and ThawLayer go together, just like Isolate and Restore Layers.

Step 22: Add Building Dimensions with a smaller text size (0.06). Building dimensions are“busy”. Therefore it pays to scale down the text size, and limit the decimal places to 1 ratherthan 2. Recognizing this, SurvCADD CES has a special configuration for building dimensions.It is found in the Annotate pulldown, sliding over from Survey Text to Survey Text Defaults.If we set the building dimension text size here, however, it will only apply to this one worksession. It is better to set this text size within Configure SurvCADD, making it a permanentsetting. So go to the File pulldown menu, select Configure SurvCADD, then select Cogo-Design Module, and the following options appear:

Choose Survey Text Defaults. A much large dialog appears as shown below. The BuildingDimension portion of the dialog is in the upper left. We will change two things from thedefault condition: Text Size Scaler will be 0.06, and we will click on “Drop Trailing


Zeros.”

The “Drop Trailing Zeros” option will label 17.0’ as 17’. To save even more space, wecould leave blank the “Characters to Append”, which is now set to the apostrophe for feet.This could be set to a blank, or changed to “m” for meters. Note how we will use a new,special layer for the building text called “BTXT”. In this way, building dimensions could be“frozen” to reduce the clutter even more, particular if the drawing is to be “shrunk” down, thatis, plotted at 1”=200’ instead of 1”=100’. At that scale, 0.06 would become 0.03 inches high,and would be unreadable. It is generally a good strategy to make intelligent use of layers forselective freezing and thawing.

Click OK on the above dialog, exit all the way out to the command prompt, andthen choose Annotate pulldown menu, option Survey Text, sub-option BuildingDimensions. Click on the middle of the bottom segment of the building and drag outto the right and slightly above the line, as shown below.The resulting labeling is shown at right. Had we pulled the cursor left rather than right, with a


similar near-parallel angle to the line, the 83’ would plot below the building rather than above.Another example is shown below. We will click on the left-most segment using Build-ing Dimension and then click roughly perpendicular to the left. This creates a perpen-dicular, rather than parallel style of labeling as shown below.Using this technique, complete labeling the building and the shed as shown below. Only two


sides of the shed need to be labeled, and since the sides of the shed were not measured ineven feet, a decimal place appears for the first time. “Drop Trailing Zeros” applied to all thedimensions of the house.

If you choose a wrong direction in the process of labeling, just exit the command, erase thebad dimension (E for erase at the command line) or alternately U for undo to back out yourlast work. Once the labeling is in place, you can issue the M for Move command and moveany of the text to a more desirable position.

Step 23: It is important in many plats to label the offset dimension from building corners toproperty lines, to verify sufficient setback distances. There are two “critical” corners in ourexample (the SE corner as offset from the south property line, and the SW corner as offsetfrom the west property line). Referring to the Survey Text Defaults dialog above, OffsetDimensions will go to the layer DTXT and are configured horizontal, with arrowheads. Thesequence of the command is simple: pick the building corner first, then pick the offset line.So under Annotate, pick Survey Text and slide over to Offset Dimensions.

[end on] Pick Bldg/Object Corner: Pick on the SE building corner.[perp] Pick Line To Offset From: Pick on the S property line (before the arc)

This leads to correct labeling of 43.5ft. But why “ft” and not “’” for distance? Because if


you review the Survey Text Defaults dialog again, you will see that we have set the “Charac-ters to Append” to “ft”. So let’s now practice changing “on-the-fly”, in our work session, butnot permanently. Go to Survey Text Defaults under the Annotate pulldown menu thistime, sliding over from Survey Text. The same dialog appears. Under Offset Dimen-sion Text, change the character to append to the apostrophe, ‘. Also, change the“form” of the offset, the Text Alignment, to “Parallel” rather than “Horizontal”. Thiswill look better for the second label. Now do the Offset Dimensions command as above.Now re-issue the command, Offset Dimensions, as shown above. Prompting is thesame as before:[end on] Pick Bldg/Object Corner: Pick on the SW building corner.[perp] Pick Line To Offset From: Pick on the W property line (avoid the electricright-of-way line!)

Note the different “style” of the dimension. Then use the Move command to move the20’ text label over to the right, so that it is not overwritten by the offset dimension.The result is shown graphically below:


The inconsistent 48.7’ and 43.5ft will remain—to serve as a reminder of the built-in flexibilityof the Offset Dimension command.

Tips: Notice the display, within the Offset Dimension command, of the [end on] and [perp]“snaps”. When SurvCADD CES is going to set a snap for temporary use, it displays the snapwithin the brackets as shown. A building corner is always an “endpoint”, so the “end” snapnaturally applies to the first pick. You want the offset, perpendicular distance to the propertylines, so the [perp] snap naturally applies to the second pick. Note that the “per” or perpen-dicular snap applies to offsets from arcs as well. In the case of arcs, the “per” snap will findthe shortest, “radial” distance to the arc. When entering a “snap” at the keyboard, in re-sponse to a “Pick object” request, only the first 3 letters of the snap are necessary, as in “per”or “end”. This same Offset Dimension command could be used to label the Electric utilityright-of-way distance of 50’ total, by entering “nea” for nearest snap for the first pick (on oneside), then going with the default “per” snap for the second pick on the other side of the right-of-way. Try it!

Step 24: Adjoiner ownership text is often plotted parallel to the property lines. It is oftensomething of a trick, involving several steps, to draw text parallel to a line. The Adjoiner Textcommand makes it a one-step process. First go to Survey Text Defaults under Annotateand verify that Adjoiner Text is set to a “Justification” of “C” for centered. Thenselect Adjoiner Text under Annotate, sliding over from Survey Text.

Pick Line Or Polyline: Pick the west property linePick Starting Point: Pick a “centered” point west of the property for the adjoinertext.Text: Brian W. and Mary T. JonesText: D.B. 101, P. 37Text: Enter

This produces parallel, center-justified text very nicely on the west side of the property. Nowlet’s repeat for the north side. Press Enter to repeat the Adjoiner Text command orselect it from the menus.

Pick Line Or Polyline: Pick the north property linePick Starting Point: Pick a “centered” point north of the north property line.Text: Stan W. BosworthText: D.B. 94, P. 272Text: Enter


The results of this effort areshown at right:

Step 25: Bearing Annotationcan be added by selectingthe Annotate pulldownmenu, choosing Angle/Distance, and sliding overto BearingDistance_ (rep-resenting Bearing andDistance “above” the callor line).

Define bearing by, Points/<select line or polyline>:Pick the northern propertyline to the east or right-side. The bearing directionwill label towards the pickedend, so this will label northeast.Define bearing by, Points/<select line or polyline>:Pick the eastern propertyline, again, closest to thesouthern endpoint of theline, to label southeast.

Now since we would prefer that the western property line be labeled on the lower(western) side of the line, select Angle/Distance, option _BearingDistance.Define bearing by, Points/<select line or polyline>: Pick the western property lineon the northern portion of the line, to label northwest.

The southern line segment might be best annotated by a leader. Under the Annotatepulldown menu, select Annotate w/Leader and slide over to Brg-Dist w/Leader.

Define bearing by, Points/<select line or polyline>: Pick on the southwest side ofthe south property line segmentPick point to start leader: Pick a good point for the “arrowhead”Label Position: Pick a point off to the right for the left-justified bearing and distance


Define bearing by, Points/<select line or polyline>: Enter (to end)

Step 26: Arc Annotation. We have one arc to annotate, and we will choose to annotate thearc with a leader using Stack Label Arc. All we care to label are 4 things: arc length, radius,chord bearing and chord distance. StackLabel Arc gives us this control.

Select Annotate Arc under Annotate,sliding over to Stack Label Arc. TheStack Label Arc Settings dialog appears,which can be edited in terms of the order ofelements in the table, which elements areincluded, and what prefix text is desired(eg. A= or Arc:).

In this example, we’ve altered the “Label”column to reflect our preference forlabeling syntax. Since we don’t plan to useTangent, Degree of Curve and External, wedid not alter those items. For our ex-ample, be sure to set the sequencecolumn to 1, 2, 3, 4 as shown.

This is an “on-the-fly”, work session onlyediting of this dialog. This same dialog isfound in Configure SurvCADD, Cogo-Design Module, Stack Label Arc. Anysettings made there, within ConfigureSurvCADD, are permanent and apply tothe next work session.

When the dialog is completed, click OK.

Define arc by, Points/<select arc or polyline>: Pick the arc.Pick point for labels: Pick a point off to the right for the left-justified labeling of the4 items in the dialog. Notice that as the cursor moves around, the text “ghosts” and allowsyou to make the best possible placement decision.Pick point to start leader at ([Enter] for none):Pick a point on or near the arc for the arrowhead.


Define arc by, Points/<select arc or polyline>: Enter (for no more)

Tip: Sometimes AutoCad will display an arc as a series of chords, due to zooming in and out.Just type Regen at the command prompt to “regenerate” the arcs. Even if they show up onthe screen as jagged chords, they would in any case plot smoothly to any printer or plotter.Another way to keep arcs smooth on the screen is to enter Viewres at the command prompt,and increase the viewing resolution to 1000 from the typical default of 100.

Step 27: Use the Special Leader command to provide a “hand-drafted” labeling appearance.Trees, corner symbols, building, driveways, etc., can all be annotated with the special leader.Let’s annotate all of our trees, our shed and our building using Special Leader. UnderAnnotate, down near the bottom, select Special Leader.Arrow location: Pick near the southern most corner of the shed.Text location: Pick slightly down and to the right.Text: ShedText: Enter (for no more)

Repeat for all the special leader text items shown below. In the case of the 18” OakTrees, just do oneleader with text, and onthe second oak tree, justleader over but pressEnter when asked forText. For better appear-ance, enter 18”Oak and24”Oak with no spacesbetween characters. Nowyou may have a drawingsimilar to that shownbelow:

Step 28: A North Arrowand Bar Scale can beadded by selecting theseitems under the Anno-tate menu. Place asshown. When placingthe North Arrow, pick alower insertion point,note how the arrow


“ghosts” to assist in placement, then enter through the prompting. The Bar Scalecomes in with one pick. Both the North Arrow and the Bar Scale can be moved to desiredlocations with the Move command.

Step 29: The Title Block is inserted by the same procedure as outlined in Lesson 1. Fill outthe title block with any desired entries, bearing in mind that the “title” line is large text and willonly allow about 16-17 characters. Select Title Block under Inq-Set pulldown. We willbe choosing size A1 (portrait view, 8-1/2 by 11). Fill out the dialog any way youlike—we will keep the Method 1 settings for simplicity. But given the small avail-able space with 8-1/2 by 11 paper sizes, reduce the left margin to 1.25.


Enter or Pick lower left corner for border: 5100,4000 We know this x,y coordinate willwork pretty well, so we recommend that you enter it and not try to pick the lower left corner.Sometimes it is useful to enter coordinates when prompted in AutoCad, but be aware thatunless you are prompted for Northing, Easting, AutoCad will expect x,y or Easting, Northing.

Step 30: Just looking at the plat, the lower left area to the left of the title block is a perfectplace for a legend. Under Annotate, select Draw Legend. Choose New and Save thedefault legend name. When the dialog shown below appears (empty), pick Add fromDrawing and screen select one example of the sewer manholes, iron pins, concretemonument, oak trees and pine tree (at a minimum, it would take 5 picks, one foreach of the 5 symbols).

Right now, the list is in the order Concrete Monument (13), Pine Tree (53), Oak Tree (61),Iron Pin (5) and Sewer Manhole (34). If we wanted to organize these as ConcreteMonument, Iron Pin, Sewer Manhole, Oak Tree and Pine Tree, use the Move Upand Move Down options, first selecting and highlighting the item to be moved.Once they are in order, select each one for editing, as shown below:For SPT5, we will enter the Description “Iron Pin”. For SPT34, we will enter theDescription “Manhole”. After all the appropriate descriptions are entered for the symbols,choose Add and add the Fence Line type to the list, as shown below:


The completed Legend should then be saved, for possible re-use or to expand upon later.

Finally, click the Draw command to actually plot the Legend on the drawing. Defaultpast the sizing dialog, shown below:

Pick a point for the legend, roughly at 5260,4380.


You may need to movethe fence line portionover to fit in the tightspace—and also mayneed to move the previ-ously plotted bar scaleover slightly—for thebest overall fit. The“Move” command inAutoCad comes in awfulhandy. Here’s our drawingup to this point (alsoshowing “Meadow Lane”text, discussed below):

Tip: If you wish to resetthe spacing of the sewerand electric utility annota-tion, use the LTSCALEcommand (Linetype Scale)to set it (to 50, in ourexample).Step 31: Dtext and Mtext:We’ve practiced Dtextbefore. It’s a command


that lets you see your text appear on the screen as you type, and allows for multiple lines oftext. A perfect use of Dtext would be to label the road Meadow Lane. Zoom in on the areashown below. At the command line, type in Dtext.

Justify/Style/<Start point>: R (forright-justified)End Point: Pick a point as shownbelow just to the left of the leaderannotation.

Height <8.00>: 10Rotation angle <N 72d20’24” E>:Do a second pick to the right asshown in the graphic (the location ofthe crosshair)Text: Meadow LaneText: Enter (for no more)

This right-justified Meadow Lane, endingbefore it contacts the leader line.

Now an application of Mtext would be a certification of some sort. This command lets youstretch the entire block of text. AutoCad will find the proper points to issue “carriage returns”and start the next line, depending on how you edit and adjust the Mtext “window”.

First, Zoom Extents to see the entire drawing. At the command line, type in Mtext.Specify first corner: 5660,4980 (or some similar point near the top of the screen)Specify opposite corner….: 5860,4820 (or some similar point down and to the right)You now get a dialog that displays all text heights that you’ve used, to date, in the drawing.Choose text height of 8. Now you can begin typing into the dialog:


The program “forced” carriage returns when it “knew” it was out of space in the Mtextwindow. Now just click OK at the upper right to place this text. And miracle ofmiracles, it fits!Tip: What’s really interesting about Mtext is that after the text is plotted you can click on thetext (without issuing a command). This activates “the grips”. All 4 corners highlight as grips.If you pick on a grip, you can expand or change the shape of the Mtext rectangle. When youdo this, the text adjusts automatically, adding more lines and more carriage returns, or con-densing many lines into fewer but longer lines of text. You can also choose to move the entiretext block to a new location.

Step 32: The Style command. In Lesson 1, we placed text on the screen, then changed thefont of the text “after-the-fact”. But what if you want to work for a while in a particular font.You don’t want to always get the font you want by changing it after it is first drawn. To setthe font up ahead of time, use the Style command. From the Draw pulldown menu, selectText, and slide over to Set Style. We can create a Bold “Style” consisting of the


Arial Black font tilted at 10 degree oblique angle. A “Style” is more than just a font. Itis also what you “do” to the font, including altering its width.

Now use the Dtext command, and place William T. Farmer as text at the top of thedrawing, size 20. Here’s the prompting.Justify/Style/<Start point>: Pick a point near the northwest corner of the drawingHeight <10.00>: 20Rotation Angle <N 53d46’56” E>: E (for due East)Text: William T. FarmerText: Enter (for no more)

Now you could type as much as you like in this new Bold style, built around the Arial Blackfont.

Tips: One of the favorite styles is Romans, using the Romans font at perhaps 10 degreeoblique angle. This looks like the old “Leroy” lettering. The Romand font is similar but has adouble strike aspect. The Romant font is even more bold and ornate. These fonts are not“proportional”. If you printed out a table of coordinates, all with 5 characters left of the


decimal and 4 to the right, the columns would not line up. That’s because with non-propor-tional fonts, the character 1 takes up less space than the character 8. Proportional fonts likeMonotxt will cause such tables to line up perfectly, but proportional fonts typically aren’t as“attractive”. One frequent use of Change Text Fonts is to select a table of data with non-proportional fonts, and convert the font to Monotxt—for the sole purpose of making the text inthe table line up perfectly!

Step 33: Area by Lines and Arcs. Go first to Area Label Defaults under the Areapulldown menu and change the Precision for Other Area Labels to 4 decimal places.Some survey codes require that areas be plotted to at least 2, 3 or sometimes 4 decimalplaces, for example. Now select Areas by Lines & Arcs under Area. When it says,Select objects, pick the 2 polylines that, taken together, completely enclose theproperty.Pick area labeling centering point: Place the text under the William T. Farmer titleat the top of the drawing (we’ve run out of room within the parcel).

Step 34: Let’s bring the points back and draw a contour map. First do Thaw Layer underthe View pulldown. The points reappear. If you did not complete Lesson 2 in one sitting,then the program won’t “remem-ber” what to thaw. In this case,you will need to go to LayerControl, and thaw the PNTSlayer (turn the snowflake to a“sun” symbol). Now that thepoints are on the screenagain, switch to the DTM-Contour menu, found underthe MISC pulldown menu.

Select Triangulate & Con-tour, the top item under theContour pulldown. Change acouple things in the dialog:interval goes to 1, and clickon Use Inclusion/ExclusionAreas:

Press OK and then answer asfollows:


Select the Inclusion perimeter polylines or ENTER for none.Select objects: Enter (we have no “inclusion” perimeter)Select the Exclusion perimeter polylines or ENTER for none.Select objects: Carefully select the building and the shed (we don’t want contoursrunning through them)Select the points and barrier lines to Triangulate: Window around the points bypicking from the lower left to the upper right.

The contour map is then created.Now freeze the points again bygoing to View, Freeze Layer andpicking on one of the points.

Step 35: Label the contours using thecommand Contour Elevation Labelunder the Contour pulldown menu.Press OK for the default settings inthe dialog shown here:

Now make 2 picks that cross through 1 or more contours and watch the effect—youcreate labeling. But watch out! The labeling is still in the slanted Bold Style that you set upearlier. Not to worry. You can use Change Text Font under the Edit pulldown menu tochange it back to Romans, or some “safer” font.

We’ve covered a lot of ground. The Lesson 2 Plat is shown below:


Tip: If you have not already saved your drawing, now is a good time to do it. Justchoose Save from the File menu.

Step 36: Now we are ready to plot the drawing. This is a different procedure depending on ifyou are using AutoCAD R14 or AutoCAD 2000 and up. We will start with the R14 method.From the File menu, choose “Print”. The following dialog will appear:


I have highlighted some key things to look for in the Plot dialog box. The arrow labeled #1 ispointing to the current plotter name. If this is not the plotter you wish to use then click thebutton below titled “Device and Default Selection” and change it. The #2 arrow is pointing tothe paper size. Again, if this is not the size you want click on the “Size” button and change it.We are plotting a 8 ½ X 11 sheet so I won’t change it. The next thing to do is decide whatarea you want to plot. We will choose the window button at the bottom to pick the outside ofour border/title block. When you choose the window button, a secondary dialog will come up,choose the Pick button from here and then pick the upper left and lower right corners of thedrawing border. Then click OK and you are back to the main plot dialog. After you haveselected your paper size and picked your plotting window, look at the area that defines thescale (arrow #4 points the way). In our case it should say 1=100 and the scaled to fit toggleshould be unchecked. Since our border is exactly 8 ½ X 11 and our paper size is also 8 ½ X


11, if you check “scaled to fit”, the numbers will gray out, but should say 8.5=850 or 11=1100,both of which are the same as 1=100. Now we can check to see what our plot will look like.Arrow #5 points to the Preview button, first choose the “Full Preview” option and then pressthe preview button. You should see a preview of your plotted drawing. Press ESC to go backto the plot dialog. If everything looks OK, then press the OK button.

If you are using AutoCAD 2000 and up, plotting is a little different. To get started, choose Plotfrom the File menu. There are many variables that can affect how the dialog box will look.Normally it will appear as below:You should have two tabs on the dialog labeled “Plot Device” and “Plot settings”. We willstart with “Plot device”. The first thing to select is your plotting device (see arrow #1). Herethe HP 750C is already selected and that is what we want to use. Next, arrow #2 points to the“What to Plot” section. In this version of AutoCAD, you are either working in the model tabor one of the layout tabs. Our example is drawn in the model tab, so the option labeled “Cur-rent Tab” should be selected. If you want more than one copy of your plot, this is where youwould change that number. Arrow #3 points to the plot settings tab. Click on here next. Now


the dialog should look like this:

Now we are on the “Plot settings” tab. Arrow #4 points to where you can change the papersize and units. Here we chose 8 ½ X 11 for our size and inches for our units. The next thing toselect is the drawing orientation, arrow #5 shows you where this is. We will choose portrait.Now looking at arrow #6, we want to choose the window button in order to select the areawe want to plot. After you select this button, the dialog will disappear and you can select theupper left and the lower right corners of the drawing border. When you finish, the dialog willreappear. The next thing to do (arrow #7) is choose the correct plotting scale, our drawing is1”=100’ or 1:100. Choose this from the drop-down list. Now we are ready to preview the plot.Press the Full Preview button in the lower left corner of the main dialog. Press ESC to return


to the main dialog. One new feature starting in AutoCAD 2000 is the ability to save all theinformation you have just entered in a “Page Setup”. In the upper part of the dialog, check onthe box labeled “Save changes to layout”, then to the right of that, click the button labeled“Add”. A new dialog will appear, at the top of this dialog, enter a name to save your pagesetup as and click OK. I chose “8.5 X 11 STD”. You can see this in the dialog shown above.If your plot preview looked OK, choose OK from the bottom of the dialog and your plot is onits way. The advantage to saving the page setup is that you can open this drawing tomorrowor 3 weeks later and choose 8.5 X 11 STD as your page setup, and then choose OK to plotthe drawing exactly like you did today, without having to remember all the settings yourself.

Tutorial - Field To Finish Page 2-61

Lesson 3: Field-to-Finish—Faster Survey Work

Step 1: Using the Wizard. Launch SurvCADD CES, or if you are already withinAutoCad running SurvCADD CES, do File pulldown, New to start a new drawing(save your existing drawing, if you like). If asked to use a template, choose 14scdraw.dwt ifin Release 14 AutoCad or 15scdraw.dwt if in AutoCad 2000. Then the first (of several)Drawing Wizard dialogs will appear. If you don’t get the Wizard, go to Configure SurvCADDand under General Settings, click on Use Drawing Wizard in the upper left of the dialog. Wewant the Wizard in this exercise, to illustrate the automation it offers. If you had to turn theWizard on, then start a new drawing again. Here’s the sequence of dialogs:

To use the Wizard, you must fill out a NEW Drawing Name in the upper portion ofthe dialog. Since this is Lesson 3, call the new drawing Plat3.

Then verify the other settings and click Next.

62 Tutorial - Field To Finish

The next Wizard dialog concerns the source of the data. Our source will be the same fileas in Lesson 2 (Plat.txt). This is an ASCII file, so we will click on the option ImportPoints From “Text/ASCII File”.

Fill out as shown and Click Next.

In the next dialog, your “eye” needs to go to the upper middle button, “Select Text/ASCII Files”. Click that and choose plat.txt. The “look” of the points appears in thePreview Window below for verification. Then click OK.


The points will then be captured into the file Plat3.crd. If you repeat this exercise, you willmost likely make another Plat3.crd, and then you will be asked:[O]verwrite w/new coordinates, overwrite [A]ll, or use number <55>: A (for all)In either case, if the process is completed correctly, the following dialog appears:

Then another, very important Wizard dialog appears:


Choose the Field-to-Finish option and click Next. The Field-to-Finish dialog willcome up next, with a warning dialog that some codes have two descriptions.

The program wants to know if these are to be treated as two separate descriptionsor one description which just happens to have a space in it. By choosing the default(Split all multiple codes), we are telling the program that codes with spaces are reallytwo separate descriptions.

Now at the big Field-to-Finish dialog click Draw Points/Lines (lower right).


This leads to a dialog for the range of points to plot. We want to plot all 1 through 54. ClickOK.

The plotting then takes place and the Field-to-Finish dialog reappears when theplotting is complete. Just click Exit, and the program will “Zoom Extents” and showthe points, as well as linework and point symbols. In a sense, Field-to-Finish “jumpstarts” the drawing, and saves many manual steps. This process passes through a series ofdialogs, but in reality takes less than 60 seconds to complete from the moment the drawing isstarted. If you’ve had too much coffee, you can do it in 40 seconds! The “starter” plat isshown below:


Step 2: Analyzing Field-to-Finish. This step is just a diversion. It is not necessary to completeour “high-speed” drawing. But how did this happen? The answer is that point codes such asIP for iron pin and FL for fence line are converted to special symbols and linetypes by Field-to-Finish. Let’s study just one example. The sewer line running from point 52 to 53 to 54 (thesouthernmost point) was based on a field code of MH. Select Field-to-Finish under theTools pulldown, arrow key down to the Utilities section, select MH for Manhole asshown and click Edit.


When Edit is clicked, the following details are revealed:

MH will do just about everything field-to-finish can do. It will make a symbol (SPT34). It willdraw a sewer line with the letter S for sewer inserted. It will be placed on layer Sewer, andwill plot a text description of “MANHOLE” underneath the symbol. Descriptions can beupper or lower case.

Other codes will do less. Some, like LP, are set only to draw a symbol and text (Light Pole),but not to draw linework. Others, like FL for fence line, will draw linework but will not drawcorner symbols or points descriptions. It all depends on the entries in Set Linetype, SetSymbol, Description and Entity Type. The “survcadd.fld” Field-to-Finish Table is providedwith the software. It is designed to show one possible system, with in reality far too manycodes for a field crew to remember. You can make your own table by choosing the option


Select Code Table, and then choosing once again the Select button in the next dialog.

Step 3: Layer ID can be used to verify the layers of the various plotted entities. SelectLayer ID under the Inq-Set pulldown menu. Pick on the Fence Line, the Road andthe Utility line and notice the various layers (FENCE, EOP, UTILITY). Its oftenhelpful to study the layers in a drawing before deciding what to freeze and thaw. For betterviewability, go to Layer Control and freeze the PNTS layer, the SPOT layer and thePNTELEV layer (turn the “sun” into the “snowflake”).

Step 4: Close the Driveway by Selecting Polyedit under the Edit Pulldown. Prompting:

Select polyline: Pick the driveway polylineClose/Edit vertex/Spline curve/Decurve/Undo/eXit <X>: C (to close the gap)Open/ Edit vertex/Spline curve/Decurve/Undo/eXit <X>: X (to exit)

Step 5: Let’s do some drawing cleanup, but in the process introduce a new command: Re-move Polyline Segment. Note that a single property line is drawn from point 8 to 9 to 10 andto 15. But we don’t want to draw a chord from 10 to 15—this should be an arc. We want toerase the segment from 9 to 10 and from 10 to 15, so that we can re-draw it, establish thetangent, then proceed into the curve and finish back at point 1. To eliminate part of apolyline, go to the Edit pulldown, select Polyline Utilities and find Remove PolylineSegment.


Break polyline at removal or keep continuous [<Break>/Continuous]: Enter forBreakSelect polyline segment to remove: Pick the segment from 9 to 10, then the seg-ment from 10 to 15, then press Enter for no more.

Now let’s draw the correct polyline, using the Polyline command under Design.(Note: if you prefer to type in the command, enter 2dp, which stands for 2D Polyline).Pick point or point numbers: 9Undo/Arc/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: 10Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: aSecond point/Radius point/radius Length/<Endpoint or numbers>: 15Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: 1Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>:


Now do 2 more cleanup operations: Erase the plotted traverse line (it makes a “V”near the left side of the drawing) and do the 4-Sided Building command (Designpulldown, see Lesson 2) and make the other 2 sides of the shed located in the uppermiddle of the screen, near point 17. The end result, to this point, is shown below:

Step 6: Use “Erase Point Attributes” to eliminate some unwanted text. Looking overthe text that remains in our drawing (above), much of it can be used in the final drawing (eg.tree sizes and types, the “manhole” text, the “light pole” text). But someone was perhaps“overzealous” in calling for text to the plotted for iron pins and poles within Field-to-Finish.These can be fully described in the Legend, without the redundancy of plotting to the screen.So let’s get rid of all “IRON PIN” and “POLE” text. These text items are “special”. If E forErase is used to erase these text items, the entire point will be erased (the attributes are“grouped” with the point). So we will use Erase Point Attributes, found under Points.


Select Point No., Elev, or Desc to Erase (Enter to End): Pick the 3 poles and the 4iron pins.

Step 7: Use Extend by Distance to Create a Building. Our building will be less complexthan in Lesson 2, but we will introduce “t” and “c” as options , in addition to “l” for left and“r” for right. Under Edit, find Extend and choose “By Distance”.Pick line or pline to extend: ”. Pick the western side of the small line segment westof the 12” pine and north of the driveway. Follow the prompts:

Enter or pick distance to Draw (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): t50 (“T” or “t”means “total” distance or “to” the distance—so extend “to” 50 feet total)Enter or pick distance to Draw (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): l62.5Enter or pick distance to Draw (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): l35Enter or pick distance to Draw (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): l30Enter or pick distance to Draw (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): r15Enter or pick distance to Draw (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help): c (to close)Enter or pick distance to Draw (A,B,C,E,L,M,N,O,P,R,S,T,U,Help):

Tip: The Extend by Distance, “T” for total distance, solves the basic dilemma of how to makea line of unknown length extend to an exact known length. Many AutoCad users, not knowingExtend by Distance, will choose to draw a circle with a radius point “snapped” to one end ofthe line, then specify the circle radius to be the desired length of line. Then they will useclassic AutoCad Extend to extend the line to the circle, then erase the circle. How mucheasier is Extend by Distance?

Step 8: Use Twist Screen to Position Plat on Sheet. Not every drawing can be plotted“due North”. Sometimes that North direction needs to be rotated, so that the property linesand important features run nearly left-to-right or top-to-bottom on the plotted page, for a better“fit”. A simple way to accomplish this is to use Twist Screen. Let’s say we want our westernline from point 8 to point 9 to run left-to-right on a sheet that will be plotted in “landscape”style (longer left-to-right than top-to-bottom). To Twist Screen by a “Line” reference,find Twist Screen, under the View pulldown menu, and slide over and select “Line”.Pick a line or pline to make horizontal: Pick the western line from point 8 to point 9closer to point 9. Now the drawing takes on the appearance shown below:


Notice even the AutoCad north indicator (referred to as the USCICON), at lower left,displays the rotation. If this icon visually “gets in the way”, you can turn it off with thecommand USCICON, followed by OFF.

Step 9: Now Select Twist Point Attributes, under Points, to twist the point descrip-tions and point numbers back to a left-to-right rotation.Twist by [<Twist screen>/Azimuth/Entity segment/Follow polyline]?Select SurvCADD Point Attributes & Symbols to Rotate.Select objects: allThe points then twist back “ortho” to the screen, reading once again left-to-right.


Step 10: Move Point Attributes. The remaining descriptions associated with the points canbe used in our final drawing, but they should be moved slightly for a better appearance. Forexample, the tree descriptions would look better if they weren’t “inside” the tree canopies. Sounder Points, select Move Point Attributes. The “cadence” of the command is“pick text, pick new text position, hit Enter, hit Enter”. Then the command repeats.Notice how the text “ghosts” as it moves, which helps you place it in the bestposition. Try to duplicate this result:

Step 11: Flip Text. Because of the Twist Screen, the “E’s” in the electric utility polyline areupside down. Choose Flip Text, under Edit and sliding over from Text. Select thetext to flip.Select objects: Pick the upside-down E’s.

Step 12: Label the dimensions of the building and the sheds automatically, in onepick each. To do this, we need to activate the option Auto Label Closed Polyline Exterior.Make this a “permanent” setting, but selecting Configure SurvCADD, Cogo-DesignModule, Survey Text Defaults, and changing the dialog as shown below:


Now click OK and exit back out, then select Building Dimensions, found underAnnotate, sliding over from Survey Text. Pick the house and the shed. On theinside corner of the house, the text may overwrite, so use the Move command(under Edit, or M for Move at the command prompt) and move the 30’ dimension“underneath” the line, for a better look. That was much faster than the technique usedin Lesson 2!

Step 12: Auto Annotate. Another shortcut is to annotate bearings and distance, as well asarcs, using the command Auto Annotate found near the top of the Annotate pulldown. SelectAuto Annotate. When the dialog appears, if you want the bearing always to theoutside, select Right_Left in the lower right corner. Then pick the 3 polylines thatfully define the perimeter. They are the fence line, the polyline containing the arc,and the lower polyline (still the western polyline, but we have twisted the screen soit runs along the lower portion of the drawing). Follow-up the annotation with theMove command, and move the bearings and distances to place them in positionsthat avoid overwriting other features (see below).

Tip: When you move the lower distance, 404.90’, to the left, you want to move perfectly levelto the screen (since this was the very line used to Twist the screen—it runs perfectly left-to-right). To accomplish this, press function key F8 (which activates “ortho on”). Then


pick 404.90’ and move it to the left, picking its final position. Repeat for the S17O05’38” E bearing. After you move these items, press F8 again to turn off“ortho”. Sometimes you will load a drawing from another client or source, and “ortho” hasbeen left on. It may confuse you for a second when you do move commands, but the simplesolution is to press F8 and turn it off if you don’t need it. Notice how F8 works even withTwist Screen active. You might ask, “What do the other function keys do?” Function key F1activates Help, F2 shows the background text screen (and your previous entries!), F6 togglesthe appearance of coordinates, vectors and “frozen” coordinates at the bottom of the screen,etc. They all have value, but F8 is perhaps the most useful for survey and engineeringdrafting work.

Step 13: Annotate Arc. Auto Annotate will typically center the arc annotation above andbelow the arc. But this causes the arc data to overwrite the surveyed edge-of-pavement(EOP) polyline. So let’s erase both the arc annotations, and do the command Anno-tate Arc, option Label Arc, and force both the arc length and radius “under” the arc.To erase the arc annotation, we will practice the selection set WP for window poly-gon. At the command line, enter E for Erase. At Select objects: enter WP. Pick asshown below:


Then press Enter (there is not “close” for window polygon and crossing polygonselections). Now select Annotate Arc, option Label Arc. Select the arc. The LabelArc Settings dialog appears:

We will locate the arc text “inside” the arc, on positions 1 and 2. Position 1 is just under thearc, 2 is under that, etc. If the goal was to place arc text both above and below the arc, thenrun the command twice.

Fill out the dialog as shown and click OK.

The new arc text will overwrite the 8” Pine, so use the command Move Point At-tributes again and relocate the 8” Pine.

With the annotation placed in new positions, the drawing might appear as shown below.Practice duplicating this appearance.


Step 13: Area by Lines & Arcs. We’re going to trip the property lines at point 1 aboveusing Trim by Point Symbol in Step 14, so before we alter our “perfect” perimeter polylinesand create gaps, let’s do Area by Lines & Arcs under the Area pulldown. First bring upArea Label Defaults, and make the square units (s.f.) to the nearest whole unit (no decimals)and the “other area labels” to 2 decimal places. Then OK out of the dialog. Select Area byLines & Arcs and pick the perimeter polylines. Pick the 3 polylines that define the propertyperimeter, then locate the text left of the 12” Pine.

Step 14: Final Cleanup Details. Just prior to inserting the Title Block, adding a Legend,placing Title Text and Certifications (as in Lesson 2), we need to do some minor cleanup andrepeat some of the procedures learned in Lesson 2. So in rapid fire order, here is our to-dolist:

· Somehow, point 16, the PL point, has survived and is “unwanted” in the finaldrawing. Use Layer ID (under Inq-Set) to verify the layer of point 16(MISC). Since it is a distinct layer, freeze it by doing Freeze Layer under


View and picking on point 16.· Freeze the point numbers by going to Layer Control, and freezing the

layer PNTNO.· Extend the electric utility line to the left, across the property line by the

command Extend by Distance, picking on the left side of the polyline andthen picking again to the left, just outside the property, to extend it.

· Do Trim by Point Symbol, pick the concrete monument (upper left)symbol, and trim the polylines cleanly to the symbol edge. This should bedone after doing Annotation by line selection, since this makes the polylinesshorter! If you had done this before annotation, you would need to selection the Pfor “points” option within each bearing/distance annotation routine, and thenspecify points 15 to 1 and 1 to 8 to correctly label the distances.

Step 15: Insert the Title Block. This time, we will use the A1, 8-1/2 x 11 title block, butwith the orientation landscape (not portrait). Select the Title Block routine as foundunder the Inq-Set pulldown menu. For a better appearance, fill out the dialog tohave a 1” left margin and 0.5” other margins, as shown below:


Note also that we have changed the Project to Lesson 3. Make any text changesthat you like. Then click OK. For the insertion point, use 4830,5040 entered at thekeyboard (x=4830, y=5040). If you prefer, use the Move command and pick the titleblock and two perimeters and move them to better fit. Never move the drawing(you alter the coordinates if you move the drawing!). Move the drawing only ifchanging the coordinate location is not important.

Step 16: Repetition of Lesson 2 for Legend, Offset Dimension, North Arrow and BarScale.

· Use the Draw Legend command under Annotate, and recall the existing(previously saved) Plat.Lgd, then Draw in the available space to the lowerleft of our new plat. If you did not save a legend in Lesson 2 (or skippedLesson 2), follow the steps in that lesson. Do something different thistime: Use Scale Point Attributes (under Points) and “scale up” by afactor of 1.5 the oak tree symbol in the Legend—after it draws.

· Select Survey Text, Survey Text Defaults and change the Offset Dimen-sion Text alignment to Horizontal (it may have been set to Parallel fromLesson 2). Then select the Offset Dimension command and pick thelower right corner of the building, then the lowermost property line (inthe current twist screen position). This labels the offset dimension horizontalto the current twist screen.

· Pick the Draw North Arrow command under Annotate and, viewing theNorth Arrow as it ghosts, pick an appropriate location. Note how it drawsdue north, respecting the twist screen.

· Choose Draw Barscale under Annotate and pick a location near the lowerleft portion of the drawing.


Here is where we stand, with just a few “new” things to add.


Step 17: Hatch the driveway. Since we closed the driveway polyline, it is a perfect “object”to hatch. We will hatch it with a “dots” hatch, at a hatch scale of 50. Find Hatch under theDraw pulldown menu. Fill out the dialog as shown, then click Select Objects, pickthe driveway, then click Apply. (Apply “unghosts” after you Select Objects).

Step 18: Solid Fill the shed and house.Although AutoCAD’s Hatch command now includes solid fill, here we will use SurvCADD’sSolid Fill Poly line. Find Solid Fill Polyline under Edit.In the dialog that appears, just click OK (we will go with the red color).

You can pick multiple polylines at the same time to solid fill, so pick both the house and theshed, as prompted.

Select the Inclusion perimeter polylines or ENTER for none.Select objects: Pick the HouseSelect objects: Pick the ShedSelect objects: Enter (for no more)

Select the Exclusion perimeter polylines or ENTER for none.Select objects: Enter (nothing to exclude!)

Select Text to Exclude from fill or ENTER for none.Select objects: Pick the 30’ text within the house, which we don’t want to colorthrough.

It is somewhat unusual to solid fill and exclude text, but we show it here to illustrate theconcept. If you had picked a circular polyline perimeter for inclusion, and excluded an interiorcircular polyline, you would solid fill a “donut”. The concept of inclusion and exclusion


perimeters is central to SurvCADD, and has major application in volume work.

Step 19: Offset the EOP Polyline by Offset 3D Polyline. Try something. Using theOffset command under Draw, try offsetting the edge-of-pavement polyline (that runs roughlyparallel to the sewer line) 30 feet to the right (for the other edge-of-pavement. It won’t work.It will say “Cannot offset that object”, because that object is a 3D Polyline (made that way byfield-to-finish, code EP). That is the standard AutoCad Offset command. But SurvCADDCES has a command specifically to do this. Under Edit, select 3D Polyline Utilities, andslide over to Offset 3D Polyline.Enter the offset method [<Interval>,Constant,Variable]: Enter (99% of time, its Enterhere!)Vertical/<Horizontal offset amount>: 30Percent/Ratio/Vertical offset amount <0>: EnterSelect a polyline to offset (Enter for none): Pick the EOP polylineSelect side to offset: Pick out and away from parcel, for other side of road

Step 20: Use of F8 for Dtext and Mtext in Twist Screen. We may wish to put a pair oftitle lines in, as in Farmer Survey, August 15, 2000. As in Lesson 2, decide on a “style” aheadof time by going to Draw, Text, Set Style. A dialog comes up. Click New and call it “Title”(eg. the style of text to be used in titles). We will choose the old standby, RomanT font, at 10degree oblique (shown here). It is “safer” to choose an “shx” font as opposed to the fontsdesignated “TT” in the list, as these more advanced fonts sometimes change color or have


difficulty plotting. Click Apply, then click Close.

Now for the title, enter the command Dtext at the command line.

Justify/Style/<Start point>: cCenter point: Pick a point near the top right of the screenHeight <8.00>: 20Rotation angle <E>: <Ortho on>Text: Farmer SurveyText: August 15, 2000Text:

Finally, do the command Text Enlarge/Reduce (see Text under Edit) and pick on thedate just entered, and scale it down a bit by 0.8.

Step 21: Linear Leaders using Leader with Text. Not everybody is a fan of curving“special leaders”. Some prefer a sharp, linear look. First, let’s verify scaling by going toDrawing Setup under Inq-Set. We are at 100 scale, text size of 0.08. Let’s shrink our textsize to 0.06 (same size as building dimensions) and label our house “2-Story”, “Frame House”(2 lines of labeling). Select Leader with Text under Annotate.Arrow location: Pick near the left side of the houseText location: Pick off to the leftText: 2-StoryText: Frame HouseText:

Tip: It is interesting how the Leader with Text will respond to the grips. The “arrowhead” is“intelligent”. It will stay pointed in the right direction. Grips are activated by picking on anobject without first issuing a command. Just pick on the leader, anywhere on it. You get twogrip squares (usually default yellow), one on the left side and one of the right. Now pick onthe right grip (nearest the house). Then move your cursor. Note how the arrow moves withyou. Now pick again for the new location, and note how the arrowhead is properly oriented.

Step 22: Draw the Contour Map without Seeing the Points on the Screen. Go to theDTM-Contour module under Misc, and choose Triangulate & Contour under theContour pulldown menu. Viewing the dialog, verify that the contour interval is 1,click on Use Inclusion/Exclusion Areas, click on Label Contours (we will label whilewe contour) and finally, click on Specify Selection Options. The dialog should befilled out as shown below:


Click OK, and a second dialog appears. This is the “trick” to contouring without seeingpoints on the screen. By choosing “Specify Selection Options”, you get to choose to contour“From File”, as clicked on here. Click OK, and a third dialog appears (for labeling).

If our goal is to label the ends of contours, with no interior labeling (to avoid over-writing), we click Label Contour Ends (above) and No Interior Labels (below).


cClick OK on the third (Contour Label Options) dialog.Select the Inclusion perimeter polylines or ENTER for none.Select objects: EnterSelect the Exclusion perimeter polylines or ENTER for none.Select objects: Pick the house and the shedSelect the points and barrier lines to Triangulate. Do a right-to-left window of theproperty. Even though there are no points visible, some nodes may be there and certainly theroad edge-of-pavement 3D polylines will be used for contouring. A right-to-left selectionbehaves as a “crossing”. Any object that is “touched” by the window or included inside thewindow is selected. A left-to-right selection is a “window” selection. Only things fullyenclosed by the window will be selected.Select objects: Other corner: 125 foundSelect objects: Enter (for no more)Then pick your “crd” file that contains the points.Reading points ... 200Range of Point Numbers to use (A for All) <A>: Enter


Wildcard match of point description <*>: Enter

Lastly, use the grips to rotate the lower left elevation “502” annotation. Make it read roughlyleft-to-right. Pick it and get the “grips”. The first grip is Stretch. Hit Enter to get thesecond grip (Move). Hit Enter again to get the third grip (if you haven’t figured it out already,the right-button on your mouse is usually equivalent to Enter).** STRETCH **<Stretch to point>/Base point/Copy/Undo/eXit:** MOVE **<Move to point>/Base point/Copy/Undo/eXit:** ROTATE **<Rotation angle>/Base point/Copy/Undo/Reference/eXit: Now move your cursor toget the desired rotation.

Here is the final drawing:

90 Tutorial - Subdivision Layout

Lesson 4: Street Intersections, Cul-de-Sacs and Sub-division Layout

Step 1: Click the icon for SurvCADD CES and start-up AutoCad/SurvCADD fromWindows.

Step 2: Once in SurvCADD CES, click Open under the File pulldown menu. Lookfor the file Plat4.dwg and click on it. When it lights up blue, as shown below, it will appearin the Preview Window at right. It should “look” like the open-sided property shown here.Plat4.dwg is found within the Work directory of SurvCADD CES. You search for the file asyou typically would in Windows, clicking the yellow “up-one-level” button to go to the “parent”directory of the current directory, or by clicking the adjacent down arrow to find the desiredpath in the full “tree” of directory locations.

Now click Open to select the file Plat4.dwg.

Step 3: Enter & Assign a Starting point for the Street Centerline. Select Draw/Locate Point under the Points pulldown and obtain the dialog shown below:

Tutorial - Subdivision Layout Page 2-91

Click off the prompting and labeling for Descriptions, Elevations and Locate on RealZ Axis (make them blank as shown). Up top, change the symbol to SPT10 by pickingSelect (at the very top of the dialog) and choosing symbol 10 from the dialog ofsymbol choices (not shown here). Also verify that Automatic Point Numbering isclicked on, that the Starting Point Number is 1, that the layer is PNTS. Match theseentries (which are mostly the default conditions) and click Enter & Assign at thelower right.

Prompting will appear at the bottom of the screen. We will enter the starting point as follows:Enter North(y): 4809.17Enter East (x): 4391.28The program will recognize that you’ve not yet started a coordinate file, and will prompt:


Click New and enter the File Name as Plat4 (which should be the default). If youenter Plat4, you do not need to enter the extension “.crd”. The program will add extensionsautomatically. Then you will be prompted again:Enter North(y): Enter (for no more points—we’re done)

Step 4: Traverse from PI to PI (to the two “endpoints” of our centerline). SelectTraverse under the Cogo pulldown menu, or alternately just enter T at the commandline. (T is a “hot” key. Other “hot” keys are I for Inverse and SS for Sideshot).

Traverse, Line OFF, RAW FILE OFFExit/Options/Arc/Line/SideShot/Inverse/Angle-Bearing Code <7>: 1Enter Bearing Angle (dd.mmss) <90.0000>: 58.1848Number inverse/<Distance>: 736.73(5018.19 5196.15 0.0)Exit/Options/Arc/Line/SideShot/Inverse/Angle-Bearing Code <1>: e (to exit)

You could keep on traversing, but we stop here to review. You have created point 2, travers-ing NE from point 1. To review, code 1 is for NE, 2 for SE, 3 for SW, 4 for NW, 5 forAzimuth, 6 for Angle Left, 7 for Angle Right, 8 for Deflection Left and 9 for Deflection Right.This is the standard way that traverses and sideshots are entered in SurvCADD CES—with acode entry (followed by Enter), then the angle or bearing entry (followed by Enter). Lesson 1,the Deed Description exercise, presented another method, where the angle and bearing aretogether in the form of 158.1848. That is a “rare” form, designed to save keystrokes, andused primarily only in Enter Deed Description. Now you’ve been exposed to both!

Step 5: Line On/Off. Click Line On/Off under the Cogo pulldown menu to turn onsimultaneous linework with traversing. This command toggles on and off each time youclick it, with the On status indicated by a checkmark. Now repeat the Traverse command(try T for Traverse this time, entered at the command line).

Traverse, Line ON, RAW FILE OFFExit/Options/Arc/Line/SideShot/Inverse/Angle-Bearing Code <1>: 2


Enter Bearing Angle (dd.mmss) <58.1848>: 75.0627Number inverse/<Distance>: 553.69(5553.28 5053.85 0.0)Exit/Options/Arc/Line/SideShot/Inverse/Angle-Bearing Code <2>: e (to exit)

Step 6: Draw a Polyline from Point 1 to Point 2, and connect the segments with JoinNearest. We could have turned linework with traverse on before we got started, but now wewill do it “after-the-fact”. So choose Polyline under Design (some users like to simplytype in 2DP at the command line—that starts the Polyline command also).

Pick point or point numbers: 1Undo/Arc/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: 2Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: Enter (to end)

Now we have two line objects. The first, from point 2 to point 3 is a pure “Line”. Thesecond, from point 1 to point 2, is a true “Polyline” (even though its only one segment long). Itis officially a “LWPOLYLINE”, a “lightweight” polyline. This can be verified by picking itwithin the List command under Inq-Set. Polylines are linked combinations of one or more linesegments that behave as one unit. We encourage use of polylines versus lines, because theyoffset as a “unit”, will take on a thickness or width, are easier to select, and have superiorediting capabilities. A line can be turned into a polyline by picking Polyedit under Edit, pickingthe line, and answering Y to the question “Do you want to turn it into one? <Y>:” To join thepolyline and line objects into a single polyline, choose the very useful command JoinNearest, found under Edit.


Just click OK (the defaults are good). Now pick the polyline from 1 to 2 and the linefrom 2 to 3, then hit Enter for no more.

Now just “grip” on the new polyline, by picking it with the cursor. See how the wholething “highlights”? That is proof that it is joined up as a polyline.

Step 7: Design a Curve with a 500’ Radius. Under Design, Pick Curves and slideover to 2 Tangents, Radius.Radius of Arc <0.00>: 500[nea] Pick Point on 1st Tangent Line: Pick on the 1st polyline segment closer topoint 2[nea] Pick Point on 2nd Tangent Line: Pick on the 2nd polyline segment close topoint 2The arc draws in, and the centerline “remains” a polyline, now with 3 segments.

Step 8: I for Inverse. Entering I for Inverse, at the command line, is a handy way to “geton” a point to begin another traverse. Practice inversing. Enter I. Inverse from point 1, thento point 2, then to point 3 then back to 1. But you can also inverse (go to) a “snapped”position on a line or polyline, such as the midpoint of an arc. Let’s do that, because we wantto traverse south from the midpoint of the arc. Enter I, for Inverse.

Command: iCalculate Bearing & Distance from starting point?Traverse/SideShot/Options/Arc/Pick point or point number: mid (for midpoint snap)of Select the arcTraverse/SideShot/Options/Arc/Pick point or point number: T (for traverse)Traverse, Line ON, RAW FILE OFFExit/Options/Arc/Line/SideShot/Inverse/Angle-Bearing Code <2>:Enter Bearing Angle (dd.mmss) <75.0627>: 10.11Number inverse/<Distance>: 400Exit/Options/Arc/Line/SideShot/Inverse/Angle-Bearing Code <2>: e (to exittraverse)

Notice that you can transition from inverse, to traverse, to sideshot, etc. with these COGOoptions. We were in inverse, but we did T for traverse, and could have done I for inverse toreturn to inverse. This cuts down on keystrokes and adds to the sense of fluidity of thesoftware.

Step 9: Turn a Line into a Polyline with Polyedit. The command Offsets & Intersections


requires pure polylines, not lines to execute. So since we had Line On with the last traverse,we have created a line. To use this in street design, we need to convert it into a polyline.Select Polyedit under the Edit pulldown menu.Select polyline: Pick the side road line.Object selected is not a polylineDo you want to turn it into one? <Y>Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo/eXit <X>: (Enterto exit)

Step 10: Offsets & Intersections. Under the Design pulldown menu, select Offsets& Intersections.Select all PRIMARY road polylines.Select objects: Press Enter (we will consider both these subdivision streets “sec-ondary”)Select all SECONDARY road polylines.Select objects: Pick the main centerlineSelect objects: Pick the side roadSelect objects: Enter (for no more)

The street intersections are presented in a “dynamic” dialog as shown above. Try experi-


menting with different radii under the Secondary Roads column, then clicking Calculate. Thestreets will re-draw in the upper graphical area. But after experimenting, change the 4values under Secondary Roads to those shown (ignore Primary Roads—those don’tapply here) and click Calculate. Then click Finish. Note the drawn-out street intersec-tion. Now select Layer ID under the Inq-Set pulldown. Pick on the outside polyline(it is layer ROW). Pick on the next polyline in from the outside (it is layer EOP). Forexample, if you had clicked off EOP under the Draw column in the above dialog, the edge-of-pavement polyline would not have drawn.

Step 11: Standard Cul-de-Sac. Under Design, select Cul-de-Sacs. Prompting:Select all offset polylines to end with cul-de-sac.Select objects: Do a crossing selection (pick from left to right) across the lower sideroad, passing across and selecting all 5 polylines (ROW-L, EOP-L, CL, EOP-R,ROW-R)Select objects: Enter (for no more)Pick cul-de-sac center projection onto centerline: end (type “end” for endpointsnap)of… Pick the endpoint of the centerline of the lower side road (near point 4)This brings up the following dialog:

Again, you can change the Fillet Radius and the Outside Radius on the EOP or ROW, hitCalculate, and check out its effect. (Don’t make the Outside radii too small or it will fail


calculate—there is no workable solution). Set values as shown above. Then click onFinish.

Step 12: Teardrop Cul-de-Sac. Now select the Cul-de-Sacs routine again. Prompting:Select all offset polylines to end with cul-de-sac.Select objects: Do a crossing selection (pick from left to right) across the right mainroad, passing across and selecting all 5 polylines (ROW-L, EOP-L, CL, EOP-R,ROW-R)Select objects: Enter (for no more)Pick cul-de-sac center projection onto centerline: end (type “end” for endpointsnap)of… Pick the endpoint of the centerline of the lower side road (near point 3)For a “teardrop” cul-de-sac, fill out the dialog as follows, then click on Calculate andFinish:


Teardrop cul-de-sacs allow moving vans and other large vehicles more turning room, and havebeen popular in the Cincinnati area, for instance. Our drawing now appears as shown below:Step 13: Break at Selected Point. The Lot Layout routine under Design works nicely with“reasonable” polylines that run roughly parallel. Our goal is to make 1-acre lots. Lots of zigs,zags and jogs in the polylines cause the perpendicular offset logic to fail to find a solution (lotswill radiate perpendicular from the “front” polyline in Lot Layout). Not only should the “front”and “back” lines run “opposite” each other, but they should end at some point before thecalculation runs into difficulty with impossible math. The outer R-O-W polyline currently runsleft-to-right, goes around both cul-de-sacs and returns right-to-left in one, connected polyline.We need to “break” it near where the arrow is pointing. It should be easy to layout lots alongthe upper portion of the subdivision, as long as we “stop” or “break” the R-O-W polylinebefore it turns and runs back through the lower, more complex frontage and back propertyportions.

Under Edit, select Break, and slide over to At Selected Point. It prompts:Select object: Pick at the far right end of the Teardrop cul-de-sac R-O-W polyline.

To prove you have “broken” the polyline in two, click on the R-O-W polyline on the


south side (only the south portion should highlight), then click on the north R-O-Wpolyline (which we will use as our “frontage” polyline in the command Lot Layout).Then press the ESC key twice, which gets rid of the grips, as does zooming orpanning.

Step 14: Select Lot Layout under Design. A dialog appears:

Fill out as shown. In particular, click off Apply Remainder Equally to All Lots (if it ison)—so that we “force” 1.000 acres lots and don’t just get equal lots of some sizesuch as 1.0017 (because the remainder lot that wouldn’t fit was added onto all lots).

Making “Closed Polylines” means that our side lines will be “doubled up”—each lot sharing aside line.

Click OK. You get prompted:Select front polyline: Pick north R-O-WSelect back polyline: Pick northernmost polyline—the back property line.The 1.00 acres lots are laid out as far as is possible.

Step 15: Applications of Reverse Polyline. We can get one more lot from Lot Layout, bydoing the lower R-O-W at the left side of the drawing, and picking the southern “back”


polyline. Let’s try. Select Lot Layout under Design. Use same dialog entries. Selectthe front polyline as the southern edge of the road R-O-W, near the left side of thedrawing. Select the back polyline as the southern property line. Oops! Nothing drew.It was unable to calculate. It turns out that the direction of the polyline is important. Thesouthern R-O-W polyline starts way off to the right, so the program wasn’t even consideringwhere we were looking! We need to “reverse” the direction of the southern R-O-W polylineso it starts on the left side. Select Reverse Polyline found under the Edit pulldown,sliding over from Polyline Utilities. It prompts:Select Polyline to Reverse: Pick the southern R-O-W polyline.The polyline now reverses direction, goes left-to-right, and shown little “phantom” directionlines (which can be removed by typing Regen at the command prompt). Now repeat the LotLayout command as outlined in the beginning of Step 15, and we get one new lot out of theexercise, as shown below:

Step16: Break at Intersection. The lower “back” property line is still continuous. We canwork with it “in small pieces” rather than as one big polyline. Say we want to “break” it asthe inside corner identified by the arrow above. To do this, select Edit pulldown, Break,sliding over to At Intersection. Prompting:


Select Line, Arc, or Polyline to Break: Pick the south property line[app on] Pick Intersection to break at: Move the cursor to the intersection pointindicated above, look for the “INT” snap to appear as you approach the exact corner(which is an intersect), then click there.

Step 17: Draw a Polyline from the corner indicated by the arrow to the beginning of the R-O-W arc, also indicated by an arrow above. Select Polyline under Design.Pick point or point numbers: end (type in “end” for the endpoint snap)of ..Pick the inner back property cornerUndo/Arc/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: end (type in “end” for the end-point snap)of ..Pick the beginning of the arc (it will show “endpt” when you get close to the truestart of arc)Undo/+/-/Arc/Close/Length/<Pick point or point numbers>: Enter (to end)

Step 18: Area by Interior Point. We have just created a new lot, but the lot is not definedby one, single, closed polyline. If we want to verify its area, however, we can still use thecommand Area by Interior Point. Select Area by Interior Point under Area.Pick point inside area perimeter: Pick inside our new lotSQ. FEET: 40997.2 SQ. YARDS: 4555.2 SQ. MILES: 0.0ACRES: 0.9412 PERIMETER: 830.5026Pick area label centering point…Press Enter here to avoid labeling.

The lot is less than 1 acres. We will set as a goal to extend its lower boundary to the right toobtain 1 acre. That is the command “Hinged Area”. But Hinged Area works best if we havea nice, closed polyline for the new lot. We can get one using the command BoundaryPolyline.

Step 19: Boundary Polyline. First let’s make a layer called Lots, using Layer Controlfound under View. Select Layer Control and obtain the following dialog:


Click on New. When Layer1 highlights (as shown at lower left), type over it withLOTS, then click under the C (color) column and change the color to Magenta.Then click the Current button up top to make this layer “current”. Then click OKto exit the dialog.

At the command line, type in Bpoly. When the dialog appears, pick “Make NewBoundary Set”.


Then pick all the polylines that “surround” our new lot. Then after you hit Enter toSelect objects, this same dialog returns. Then you select Pick Points and pick insidethe lot. This creates a new closed polyline, in the current, Lots layer (magenta).

Step 20: Select Hinged Area under the Area pulldown.Define area by points or closed polyline [Points/<Polyline>]? Enter (for polyline)Select polyline segment to adjust: Pick on the right-side lineSelect hinge point[endp]: Pick on the upper right hinge point (see arrow)Keep existing polyline [Yes/<No>]? n

Area: 40997.20 S.F, 0.9412 AcresAcres/Enter target area (s.f.): aEnter target area (acres): 1.0The new lot draws, as shown below:

Step 21: Now do the Trim command, found under Edit. We are going to trim out thepolyline segment that is pointed to above with the text “Click on This Side”.Select cutting edges: (Projmode = UCS, Edgemode = No extend)Select objects: Click the new, extended Polyline (the one we just “hinged”)Select objects:<Select object to trim>/Project/Edge/Undo: Pick the polyline pointed to with “Clickon This Side”—we want to trim this out.No intersections in the interior of the curve.Incredibly, it won’t trim with the standard Trim command. This kind of event needs to be inthe Tutorial—because you need to know how to respond.


The response is to use Trim 3D Polyline, found under Edit, sliding over from 3DPolyline Utilities. Even though we are not dealing with 3D polylines, these 3D Trim, Extendand Join commands can sometimes overcome difficulties with pure, “vanilla” AutoCad.Prompting:Select trim edge polylines. Pick the “hinged” lot polyline.Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects: Enter for no moreSelect polyline to trim: Pick the polyline pointed to above with Click on This Side.The trim worked.

Step 22: Make 2 More Lots with Polyline command. Instead of using Draw, Polyline,we will use the “straight” AutoCad polyline command. At the command line, enter PL.From point: end (type in the endpoint snap)of…Pick the endoint pointed at with the horizontal arrow shown above.Current line-width is 0.00Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width/<Endpoint of line>: per (type in the per-


pendicular snap)to…Pick on the R-O-W polyline to the right.Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width/<Endpoint of line>: Enter (to end)

Now for the second lot. Referring to the drawing below, repeat the PL command,and answer as follows:From point: nea (enter the nearest snap)of…Pick on the property line anywhere near the circled point 1—no need to beexactCurrent line-width is 0.00Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width/<Endpoint of line>: per (type in the per-pendicular snap, which when intersecting arcs means “radial” to the arc)to…Pick on the R-O-W polyline near circled point 2.Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width/<Endpoint of line>: Enter (to end)The drawing appears below:

Step 23: Repeat Break at Intersect (see above instructions) and break the back propertypolyline and the cul-de-sac R-O-W polyline at the intersections with are newly drawn polylinefrom step 22.


Step 24: Repeat Lot Layout. Use the same dialog entries as before. The “front” and“back” polylines to select are shown below, along with the results.

Step 25: Sliding Side Area. Because we have made closed polylines with the Lot Layoutcommand, we can investigate another nifty area command, the Sliding Side Area. As shownin the graphic above, we want to slide the north side of the last, smaller lot parallel to itscurrent bearing such that the lot will contain 1.00 acres. Select Sliding Side Area underthe Area pulldown.Define area by points or closed polyline [Points/<Polyline>]? EnterSelect polyline segment to adjust: Pick the north side of the lot above (shown herecontaining the words “Sliding Side Area”)Keep existing polyline [Yes/<No>]? EnterArea: 20375.30 S.F, 0.4678 AcresAcres/Enter target area (s.f.): a (a for acres)Enter target area (acres): 1.0


Step 26: Complete the remaining Lots. Using the PL for Polyline command (both thecommands under Draw and under Design will work fine), use endpoint snaps andperpendicular snaps (end and per) to draw the final 3 polylines, shown below marked1, 2 and 3 for reference.

It may not be the most “aesthetic” subdivision, but we applied a lot of tools making it. Butwe’re not done. There’s some real automation ahead.

Step 27: Create Points from Entities. We’ve designed a subdivision, in effect, withoutpoint numbers. This is the beauty of CAD. But we need to make point numbers in order tostakeout the subdivision. To do this, Select Create Points from Entities, under Cogo.The following dialog appears:


Set the starting point number to 5, verify the dialog as shown, and press Enter.

A second dialog, covering what entities to capture, appears next. Stick with thedefault settings and click OK. When it asks, “Select objects”, type in All. Press


Enter for no more selections. All the point numbers for stakeout are created.

Step 28: Number the lots, clockwise from the upper left, using the command Sequen-tial Numbers. Under Draw, select Sequential Numbers. This dialog appears:Choose the circled text and click OK.

Set the text size (height) to 16 and the starting text value to 10, as shown. Thenclick OK.


Pick point at beginning of label: Pick near the center of the first upper left lot.Pick point for label alignment: Press F8 for <Ortho on> Pick to the right.Now pick near the center of all of the lots, going clockwise.When done and back to the command line, press F8 again to set Ortho off.

The resulting drawing, with point numbers, is shown below:

Step 29: Lot File by Interior Text. Official “lot” files can be created whenever a lotnumber or name exists within a lot as the sole text (other text may be present but could befrozen). So we will play it safe and first “freeze” the point number layer. Before we do, takenote of the point number assigned to the NW corner of Lot 10. In our case, it is point 64 (itmay be different in your case, depending on how you selected the objects in the commandConvert Entities to Points). Under View, select Freeze Layer and pick on one of thepoint numbers. Now select Lot File by Interior Text, under the Design pulldown.Starting point number <96>: EnterBlock Name <1>: EnterSelect lot lines, polylines and text.Select objects: Pick the lots and the lot numbers.


The Lot Files will be created. Before we look at the Lot Files, let’s finish up and do AreaAnnotation on the upper lots, by the command Area by Interior Point.

Note: If we had not made points at all lot corners, using Convert Entities to Points, the LotFile by Interior Text would make point numbers. This is the reason for the prompt: Startingpoint number. If points are found, no new ones are created. Lot files must have points at allthe corners.

Step 30: Area by Interior Point. Select Area Label Defaults and cancel the squarefeet plot, leaving only the area plot to 3 decimal places. Set as shown below:

Now choose Area by Interior Point, under the Area pulldown menu, and pick insideLots 10 through 16, as shown below:


Step 31: Select Lot File Report, under Design, and the following dialog appears:

Pick on Lot 10 and click OK. This will lead to the lot report for Lot 10, including


the point numbers, shown next:

This dialog is typical of the new, improved report dialogs in SurvCADD CES. You can clickon 1 or more lines, highlight them and hit the delete key on the keyboard, and these lines willdelete. You can edit lines directly in the dialog. You can save the report to disk with the Saveicon shown above. To exit, click the Exit icon.

Step 32: Input Edit Lot File can be used to describe a lot by different point numbers or toassign a lot to a different block. Click Input-Edit Lot File under the Design pulldownmenu. Pick a lot to edit from the dialog shown below (eg. Lot 10).


Then click the Edit button and you get this dialog:

This is shown for reference purposes.

Step 32: Re-Drawing Lots after Editing Points. Let’s assume you actually changed thepoint numbers that define Lot 10. That would cause the lot to draw differently. Also, youcould simply alter the coordinate values of a point in the current lot file. That would alsocause the lot to draw differently. Let’s take the latter approach. Remember point 64? It isthe NW corner of lot 10 (in our case—your’s may be different as stated above). So selectEdit Points under the Points pulldown menu. Scroll down to point 64 (or whateverpoint is your NW corner of Lot 10).


Click on the Northing and edit it to 5050. This is for illustration purposes. In reality, youmight be fine-tuning your subdivision design points. As long as the same points define the lots,you are, in effect, making a ready-made new drawing. Now select at the top of the dialogFile, then Save and Exit.

Step 34: Draw Lot File. Before we draw the lot file, Save your drawing by selectingSave under the File pulldown menu. Then choose New, exit the Startup Wizard (if itappears), and go straight to Draw Lot File, under the Design pulldown menu.

Click on Existing.


Select your lot file in the next dialog, then in the dialog below, choose all lots byclicking Select All.

This leads to the Auto-Annotate Dialog, shown here. Stick with the defaults. ClickOK.


Next comes the Area Label Defaults dialog, just as shown in Step 30. Fill out exactlyas shown in Step 30. This leads to the plot shown below, created entirely from stored LotFiles, and showing our revision of Lot 10.

118 Tutorial - Contouring/Site Design

Lesson 5: Contouring, Valley Dam and Road Designby DTM

This is the easiest of the tutorials—on a good day, the entire process takes 3 minutes. Ifthat’s all the time you have and you have purchased the DTM-Contour Module, do this onefirst!


Step 2: Once in SurvCADD CES, go straight to Draw/Locate Points (under thePoints pulldown menu). You obtain this dialog:

Choose symbol 10 by clicking Select at the top of the dialog, then picking Symbol 10from the options that appear.

All other settings are default. Verify that you match what appears here. Then click theoption Draw All.

Tutorial - Contouring/Site Design Page 2-119

You will then be asked to choose the coordinate file that you want to use. SelectTopo.crd as shown here and click Open.

The points immediately plot on the screen and the program “zooms” to the extents of thepoints. If you don’t see the points, select Extents under View.

The point plot is shown below:


Step 3: Triangulate & Contour. Be sure you are in the DTM-Contour module. Ifyou don’t see pulldown menus DTM, Contour and Site, then go to the MISCpulldown menu and pick D.T.M. & Contour Menu. Now under the Contourpulldown menu, pick the topmost item, Triangulate & Contour. A very large dialogappear, which you should fill out as shown.

Changes from default conditions include Contour Interval 5, Label Contours, DrawIndex Contours, and setting of maximum Tmesh line lengths to 300 in all cases. Ifthe goal of the field crew was never to shoot points further apart then 100 feet, then certainlytriangulation over 300 feet can be ignored. Now click OK.

Set the Index contour interval to 25 (index intervals are most often 5 times the standardcontour interval). You also have the option to change layer names. You could call the layerCTR-25, for example. Now click OK.

The next dialog concerns itself with labeling. We want to label index contours only (so its nottoo busy) and do 2 labels per contour. This works very well for a valley—it puts a contour


label on each side of the valley. Sometimes you may prefer to label a specific length ofcontour.

Fill the dialogs out as shown and press Ok.

Prompting is as follows:

Select the points and barrier lines to Triangulate.

Select objects: all (“All” means select everything visible on the screen)615 foundSelect objects: Enter (for no more)

The contours are drawn. Now choose the command Freeze Layer and pick on one of thepoints (its number or its elevation) and press Enter. The points freeze.

Here is the plot so far

Step 4: Edit Contours. The arrow above points to an area that needs editing. This area isenlarged below:


Choose the command Edit Contours, found under the Contour pulldown menu.Select contour to edit: Click on the 1460 contour (leftmost cursor, shown above)Pick intermediate point (Enter to end): Click for the new position of the 1460 con-tourPick intermediate point (‘U’ to Undo,Enter to end): Click a 3rd timePick intermediate point (‘U’ to Undo,Enter to end): Click a 4th time (more if de-sired—you are re-drawing the contour, in effect)Pick intermediate point (‘U’ to Undo,Enter to end): Enter (press Enter before youwant to reconnect to the original 1460—as above)Pick reconnection point on contour: Pick on the 1460 contour to reconnect.Select contour to edit: Continue on and edit other contours, as desired.

The Edit Contour command will keep the every edited contour (eg. our 1460 contour) as asingle polyline. The edited segment is auto-joined to the before and after segments. Resultsbelow:


Step 5: Draw a Polyline across the Valley, to represent the Centerline of a Dam.Choose the Draw pulldown menu and select Polyline (near the top of the menu). Thisis the standard AutoCad polyline command, the same command you get when you type PL atthe command prompt (at the bottom of the screen). Try to split the valley with the polyline(see below).From point: Pick on the left side of the valley.Current line-width is 0.00Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width/<Endpoint of line>: Pick on the right sideof the valley.Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width/<Endpoint of line>: Enter (for no morevertices)


Step 6: Making Grid Files. A grid file can be used for volumes, comparing one grid toanother. While we have the original contours visible, we should save a “Topo-e” grid file(topo-existing). Select Make 3D Grid under the DTM pulldown menu. Let’s call theoriginal ground grid “Topo-e” as shown in the dialog here.

Click Save.

Use position from another file or pick grid position [<Pick>/File]? EnterPick Lower Left grid corner: Pick to the lower left of the topo area.


Pick Upper Right grid corner: Pick to the upper right of the topo area.

You’ve just named your grid file and selected the area to grid. This leads to another dialog,shown on the next page.

Use the default settings here (plenty accurate for this application).

Click Ok.

Select points, lines and polylines to grid from.

Select objects: all (again we can use the “all” selection)Select objects: Enter (for no more)

The file Topo-e.grd is then stored.


Tip: Whenever you make SurvCADD CES files, such as coordinate files (crd), grid files(grd), even pond capacity files (cap), they store to disk. When you do an AutoCad Undocommand (U for undo), you undo the graphics, but the files are safely stored and are not“undone”. SurvCADD does not like to “overdo” making files. Make them if you want, butwe won’t make any that aren’t needed. The entire contouring process, above, was completedwithout making a single new file, for example—though there were options, clicked off bydefault, to make files.

Step 7: Design Valley Pond. Select Design Valley Pond under the Site pulldownmenu.Source of surface model [<File>/Screen]? FSelect the grid file Topo-e. If we had no grid file, we could have chosen the screen-select option, and selected all objects.Pick the top of dam polyline: Pick the centerline of the dam, as drawn earlierPick a point within the pond: Pick upstream of the dam centerlineEnter slopes as percent grade or slope ratio [Percent/<Ratio>]? Enter for ratioEnter the outslope ratio <2.0>: 3Enter the interior slope ratio <3.0>: 4Enter the top of dam width <10.0>: 20Range of existing elevations along dam top: 1421.43 to 1576.42Enter the top of dam elevation: 1460Cut pond interior [Yes/<No>]? nCalculate stage-storage values [<Yes>/No]? yAnswering Y leads to the following report, which includes earthwork volumes and waterstorage volumes.


Click the Exit icon to continue forward in the process.Output grid file of final pond surface [Yes/<No>]? ySave the surface that includes the pond in the file Topo-d for Topo with dam.Write stage-storage to SEDCAD file [Yes/<No>]? ySave the pond stage-storage curve file (in SEDCAD format) in a file—choose anyname.Adjust parameters and redesign pond [Yes/<No>]? nTrim existing contours inside pond perimeter [Yes/<No>]? yRetain trimmed polyline segments [Yes/<No>]? nContour the pond [<Yes>/No]? nThe process is complete. Do one more thing. At the command line, enter E for eraseand then when it says “Select objects:”, pick on the centerline of the dam, thenEnter for no more picks, and the centerline will erase.

Tip: The stage-storage curve that you save will plot in the Hydrology module. It makes anice, handy plot for report purposes. See Lesson 8.

Step 8: Check it out in 3D. Select the 3D Viewer Window option, under the Viewpulldown.Select 3dFaces, Polylines, Lines, and Points to view.Select objects: all (again, we use the all selection)


Select objects: Enter for no moreThis leads to the starter view (a plan view) shown below:

The main trick is to move the X-Axis bar to the left. Avoid the Y-Axis dial for now,and then grip on the Z-Axis dial and move it back and forth relatively fast, or justclick on the Z-Axis arrows and watch things move slower. Its like you are in a helicop-ter over the site. Here’s an example:


Step 9: Choose 3D Polyline by Slope on Surface, found under the 3Dpoly pulldownmenu.Enter the polyline layer <SLOPE_PLINE>: Enter (to accept this)Now select the grid file (this routine expects a grid). The file is Topo-d.Pick origin point of 3D polyline: Pick a point on the south side of the top of the dam,just before it contacts the ground.Direction of 3D polyline [<Up>/Down]? dDirection of 3D polyline facing down slope [<Left>/Right]? rEnter the design slope: 10Horizontal distance: 613.32, Slope distance: 616.38Vertical drop: -61.33, Avg slope: -10.00%, Max slope: 10.00%Pick origin point of 3D polyline (Enter to end): Enter (no more)


This created a smooth, 10% downhill grade 3D polyline, as shown below, which we can use toconstruct a maintenance road up to the dam.

Step 10: Offset 3D Polyline. This is a SurvCADD CES speciality, a high-powered DTM/engineering feature. In short, you can work in 3D because you can offset and manipulate 3Dpolylines using SurvCADD. So Select Offset 3D Polyline under 3Dpoly. Prompting:Enter the offset method [<Interval>,Constant,Variable]: EnterVertical/<Horizontal offset amount>: 30 (for a 30’ wide road)Percent/Ratio/Vertical offset amount <0>:Select a polyline to offset (Enter for none): Pick our new 3D polyline


Select side to offset: Pick into the hill, to the left or SWSelect a polyline to offset (Enter for none): Enter (for no more)This creates the other side of the road—parallel, but not joined yet. For that we use use JoinNearest.

Step 11: Select Join Nearest under the Edit pulldown menu. A dialog appears, whichyou need to fill out as follows:The most important aspect is to click Directly Connect Endpoints, and “tolerate” the fact thatthey are 30’ apart by allowing for a Max separation to join of 31. That way, they will join!

Select lines, arcs and unclosed polylines to join. Pick both sides of the road, one at atime, carefully avoiding picking a contour. If both the edge of roads are picked andhighlighted, hit Enter to avoid additional selections. If a contour is picked, pressESC to exit the command and start over, or press R for remove, pick it to remove itfrom the selection set, then A to Add, and pick again on the road.

Tip: This is obvious, but where it is difficult to pick what you want, because several objectsare nearby or “overtop” what you want, it pays to do View, Window and zoom in closer,followed by View, Previous after you are done.

We have a road, or at least a sloping “pad”, seen below:


Step 12: Pad Template is one of the more diverse and powerful commands in SurvCADDCES. We will use it here to make a simple cut and fill slope from our road “pad”. We will go0.5:1 in cut, but 1:1 in fill. You might think a 2:1 in fill is better, but remember, our hillside edgeof road (the original edge) follows very closely to the hill itself, as designed. If it “cantilevers”out a few inches, and the natural slope of the ground is 1.5:1 (which it is!), 2:1 will nevercatch, and we will create big fill areas. So we will go with 1:1 in fill, and get very tiny, quick“tie-ins” in those few cases where there is any fill at all.

Pick Design Pad Template, the top command under Site. A dialog appears. Use thestandard entries, as shown below:


Click Ok. Select the Topo-d.grd file.

Pick the pad polyline: Pick the road “pad”Enter the fill outslope ratio <2.0>: 1

Tutorial - Contouring/Volumes Page 2-135

Lesson 6: Contouring with Break Lines, StockpileVolumes


Step 2: Once in SurvCADD CES, click Open under the File pulldown menu. Lookfor the file Mantopo.dwg and click on it.

Tip: The first thing you should do is notice the top of the screen. The very top line above allthe graphics says: [CRD: MANTOPO] – [Mantopo.dwg]. When SurvCADD CES loads adrawing such as Mantopo.dwg it checks for the existence of a companion file, Mantopo.ini. IfMantopo.crd was the default, active coordinate file when Mantopo.dwg was last saved, thenthe “ini” file ensures that on the next load of Mantopo.dwg, the file Mantopo.crd is still theactive coordinate file.

Step 3: Select Triangulate & Contour at the top of the Contour pulldown menu(within the DTM-Contour module). Let’s target contours at a 1-unit interval, and contourthe area of points. You will see this dialog:

136 Tutorial - Contouring/Volumes

Make all settings as shown (typically, these settings are the default). The only likelychange is the Contour Interval (middle right), which we will set to 1. Click OK.

Select the points and barrier lines to Triangulate.Select objects: Do a bottom right to upper left “crossing” selection by picking justto the left of the small, stockpile contour map, near the bottom of the screen, andthen picking the upper left of the screen (capturing all points).Select objects: Enter (for no more)Contours are drawn, but notice the unacceptable “wavy” look around the perimeter—an areawhich is meant to be a ditch.

Type in U for “Undo” and press Enter until the new contours (at left) disappear andyou are back at the command prompt.


Step 4: Field-to-Finish “on-the-fly”. Under the MISC pulldown menu, return to theCogo-Design module by clicking Cogo & Design Menu. Now under Tools, selectField-to-Finish. When the Field to Finish dialog appears, in the lower left under“Code Table Settings” there is an option, “Select Code Table”. Click it. It leads to asecond dialog, shown here:

We want to make a new code table, because the coordinate file for the field survey includesspecial coding (17 and 18) for ditch lines and top of banks.

You can “react” to whatever a field crew uses, by making a new field-to-finish table that can“load up” the codes right from whatever descriptions were used in the field.

To do this, click Select in the upper right, then choose New (for new file) and youmight name it Mantopo, as shown below:


Click Save, then OK at the previous dialog, and you will return to the main Field toFinish table, completely empty, as shown below:


Now, “jumpstart” the table by choosing the option, Code Table by CRD (located inthe lower left of the dialog). Choose Append.

In this Lesson, we only care about code 17 and 18, so highlight all the others (byholding the CTRL key down and picking them), then choose Cut.


Now highlight both 17 and 18, and pick the middle Entity button. We will turn themboth into 3D polylines (which will act as break lines or “barrier” lines for contour-ing).


The last steps are to Save the Field-to-Finish (fld) file Mantopo by clicking the Savebutton. Then click Draw Lines only (lower right) to draw the 3D polylines.

The following drawing is obtained. All the ditch lines and top of bank lines, because they werecoded 17 and 18, are drawn in one quick procedure.

Step 5: Because the field crew did not user “start” and “stop” logic (eg. appending –7 orsome agreed upon code to a description could “end” a polyline and start another), some


polylines connect that shouldn’t. In particular, the line pointed to near the NW corner isclearly crossing the ditch line. It must be removed. Choose the Edit pulldown, thenPolyline Utilities, then Remove Polyline Segment.Break polyline at removal or keep continuous [<Break>/Continuous]?Select polyline segment to remove: Select the polyline segment to remove.Select polyline segment to remove: Enter (for no more)

Step 6: Return to the DTM-Contour Menu by picking it under MISC. Select Trian-gulate & Contour, under Contour, and set the standard contour interval to 1 (asbefore), but specify “Draw Index Contours”. When the Index Contour dialogappears, set the index interval to 5. Then do a right-to-left crossing selection asbefore (avoiding the stockpile at the lower right).

Now we get excellent contours, with a sharply defined ditch. Under View, do Freeze Layerand pick on a point. The points will freeze.

Here is the “improved” drawing, helped out by 3D polylines, which, if selected, act as breaklines, which were produced by Field-to-Finish.


Step 7: Delete Layer. Let’s say that now you don’t want the break lines on there. Youdon’t want to even freeze them, you want to fully delete them. There is a command for thatunder Edit. Pick Erase, sliding over to Delete Layer. This dialog appears.


If you know the layer names, you can just type them in. If you know where they are but nottheir names, then click on Select layers from Screen. If you’d recognize the layer name if yousaw it in a list, click Select Layers by Name.

Step 8: Explode. Inserted Drawings need to be exploded. Do a View pulldown, optionWindow and window in on the stockpile at the lower right of the drawing. If you typeE to Erase and try to erase any aspect of the stockpile, the whole stockpile will erase—allfeatures. That is because the Stockpile was another drawing inserted into this drawing.Sometimes other drawings that are inserted are referred to as “Blocks”. In any case, thisstockpile “block” or “inserted drawing” needs to be “exploded”. Explode just breaks it up intoits unit objects—which then start to behave normally. Select Explode under Edit and slideover to Standard Explode. Then pick the stockpile. It is now a set of “normal”objects.

Step 9: Change Elevations. Let’s assume our stockpile drawing is “too high” and should belowered in elevations by 540 units. To best see the effect of this command, bring backthe points by selecting Thaw Layer under View. Now select the Edit pulldown, thenChange, then Elevations.Ignore zero elevations [<Yes>/No]?[A]bsolute or [D]ifferential Change <Absolute>: dPositive number increases, negative number decreases elevation.Scale/Elevation difference <0.00>: -540Select objects: Do a lower right pick to upper left pick (automatic crossing) selec-tion.


Select objects: Enter (for no more)

Notice in the drawing below how everything has change elevation, including the points, butwith the exception of the contour text.

Do the command List Elevation under the Contour pulldown, pick on an indexcontour, and notice how the elevation has indeed changed. Repeat step 7 and deletethe layer Ctext, so as to remove the 5 index contour elevations, which are no longeraccurate.

Step 10: Volumes by Layer. One of the “signature” commands of SurvCADD CES,Volumes by Layer will produce accurate volumes without making any files. The only prereq-uisite is that the existing and final surfaces exist on the drawing in separate, distinct layers. Itis also very important to have a drawn “inclusion” perimeter to pick and define “where” thevolumes are being calculated. In our example, the “original” ground will be the 3D polylineconnecting points 1 through 15, and everything else above will be the “final” ground (includingthe 3D perimeter itself).


Select Volumes by Layers under the DTM pulldown menu.Pick Lower Left limit of surface area: Pick below and to the left of the stockpile, butas close as possible to the stockpile without “clipping” it in the window. You want tototally “include” it, but with little “wasted” margin.Pick Upper Right limit of surface area: Pick above and to the right of the stockpile.A dialog appears:

We will stick with the defaults, as shown. Notice that we are using 50 “grid cells” within ourwindow, and since our window was not a perfect square, the cell size is 6.4 x 5.1. Seeing this,if we wanted 5 x 5 cell size, we could click the “Dimensions of a Cell” option and set the sizeto 5 x 5. Hundreds or thousands of cells in both directions will increase calculation time. Youcan experiment with more cells, or if you prefer, “smaller” cells (which makes more cells),and see when you get diminishing returns in terms of accuracy changes. After a while,tighter, smaller cell sizes don’t add any value to the precision of the calculation. Click Ok.

Then pick the layers that define the existing ground (Perimeter) and the layers thatdefine the final ground (Perimeter, Barrier, Ctr, Ctrindex).


Then click Ok. Notice how the Perimeter layer is common to both. If you want to be amaster of volumes, remember this as a mantra: The perimeter should be a 3D polyline in adistinct layer, common to both surfaces. A stockpile is just a special case in that sometimesthe 3D perimeter is all you “know” about the base surface.

Then when asked to Select objects, do a right-to-left (crossing) selection of theentire stockpile area. Lastly, you will be asked for the inclusion perimeter (pick theperimeter) and the exclusion perimeter (none). This leads to a flexible reporting andoutput dialog:

Elevation Zone Volumes, for example, would produce volumes in any desired increment fromthe base of the stockpile going up. If the stockpile consists of coal (80 lbs/c.f.), then ReportTons can be clicked on and a Density value entered.

Click OK and the basic report is produced, as seen below. We didn’t include the points in the“final” layer. Since there is a high point, for example, the top of the stockpile, the points would“lift” the volumes up slightly, to around 46,700 c.y.

Click the Exit icon to return to the command prompt.


Step 11: Stockpile Volumes. Our Stockpile is naturally well-suited for applying the simplestvolume command of all—Stockpile Volumes. It requires that the 3D perimeter polyline for thestockpile be placed in a layer called “Perimeter”—which ours is. So lets try it.

Select Calculate Stockpile Volume found under the Site pulldown menu.Material density lbs/ft^3 (Enter for none): 80Ignore zero elevations [<Yes>/No]?Reading points ...Select stockpile entities and perimeter. Just crossing select (right-to-left picks) theentire stockpile area.The grid resolution dialog (eg. 50x50) appears again. Click Ok. Done. A report isgenerated.

150 Tutorial - Road Design

Lesson 7: Basic Road Design with Volumes

Step 1: 2D to 3D polyline by surface model (Drape).This step will “Drape” a polyline to the surface contours. It is necessary to do this so that theextreme lows and highs of the terrain are perfectly represented in the section and profile files.A TIN file can also generate an accurate representation of the surface, but we will use thedraped polyline. Flat spots will occur where the contours don’t extrapoloate up or down farenough to get to the next contour. The first step is to draw a 2D polyline at elevationzero in the drainages and on the ridges as shown.

Now go to the DTM Menu and under 3Dpoly, run 2D to 3D by Surface Model, selectthe lines, and then select the contours for the elevations to use. They are now 3Dpolylines used as a type of breakline, and will give a better model for the surface topography.

Step 2: Profile from Surface Entities.Now we will make a profile file, *.pro. This will be from the centerline shown in the drawingas the lines with the curve. Under the Sections/Profiles menu, go to Profile fromSurface Entities under Profile. Choose Profile, this will create a new file. Type in afile name, hit enter on the first window, we will use these defaults. Pick the center-line, and without hitting enter, select all of the contours.

Step 3: Draw Profile.This will give us a profile view of the contours at our centerline. Under Profile, go down toDraw Profile and open our new file. The window will appear as shown and fill it outaccordingly.

Tutorial - Road Design Page 2-151

With the horizontal scale set to 50 and the vertical scale set to 5, there will be a 10X verticalexaggeration of the profile. Pick a spot in the drawing to draw it, accept the top andbottom elevations it gives, and view the profile on the grid.

Step 4: Design Road Profile.Now we will design how the road centerline profile will be in relation to the existing ground(which is the first profile we have made). This routine will create another Profile file. UnderProfile, go to Design Road Profile. Notice in the first window, it has found the correctelevations and scales. Choose to write an new file, and call it something like “design,”the previous one was “existing.” Pick the lower left grid corner, mine was 0,1990. Nownotice the window in the upper left corner that shows various distances, slopes and stations.The first point to pick is usually at the left endpoint of the existing ground line. That will giveus a tie to the surface there.


Profile Settings are automatically brought in. First Pick, Station 0.00

Real-time window to view distances and slopes.


Third Station Point Selected

After the third point is selected, the program will prompt for a vertical curve, sight distance, orK-value. View Table will bring up a table of possible values. This example used a curve of500. Enter that, then pick another point. This will be the fourth and last point, tying intothe other endpoint on the right. Enter in another curve length of 500, and hit enter toend. The following window will appear for labeling options. Hit OK, and place the labelson the top of the grid.

Step 5: Polyline to Centerline File.This step will create a centerline file necessary for the final road design routine. We will do


the simplest variation, which is simply picking a polyline. There are other methods to design acenterline, and they are documented in the manual. Go to Polyline to Centerline Fileunder Design, and choose a *.cl file to create.

Beginning Station <0+00>:Polyline should have been drawn in direction of increasing stations.Select polyline that represents centerline. PICK THE CENTERLINE ON THE DRAW-ING

Station North(y) East(x) Description———————————————————————————— 0.0000 159391.2547 1857653.0220 LI 201.9482 159486.3382 1857831.1855 PC 1111.8461 159267.8153 1858626.9059 PT LIRadius: 600.0000 Length: 909.8978 Delta: 86.5319 Curve Right 2645.3440 157956.1081 1859421.2862 LIPress ENTER to continue.

Your Command Line should have the same values as these, as they are from the same line.

Step 6: Input-Edit Section Alignment.Now we will layout the alignment for our cross-section file. This step gives the sectioninterval and offset left and right from our centerline. Under Sections, go to Input-Edit SectionAlignment. This will bring up the dialog to make a new MXS file (multi-xsection file), type ina new name. Notice how all files can have the same name in this road design portion, as theyall have a unique file extension. So for the organization of various jobs, it is sometimes helpfulto have all of the files with the same name. You are now prompted to pick the line, andenter in a starting station, choose 0+00.

The dialog will appear as shown, enter in the stations and offsets exactly as theyappear here. This will give the needed detail for the road design routine.


Hit OK, and another window appears that allows for any station editing or changes. It alllooks good here, so hit Save. The Alignment file is now written.

There is now a preview of the section alignment lines shown on the centerline. These are justimages, if the drawing is regenerated, they will disappear. (They can be drawn permanently ifdesired).

Step 7: Sections from Surface Entities.Next, we will create the actual section file (*.SCT) from the contours in combination with thealignment file (*.MXS). Under Sections, go to Sections from Surface Entities. We willuse the contours and breaklines for surface elevations, as we did with generating the profile.


Select the MXS file to read for the alignment, and choose a new file name for thesection file. We’ll enter in a distance of 1000 feet to add to our MXS limit of 70.This will search farther for contour elevations, then hit OK. Now, select the surfaceentities which are the contours and the breaklines. Once you are back to the Com-mand: line prompt, you are done with the making of sections.


Step 8: Design Template. Let’s design a wide boulevard, 30’ of drivable pavement, withcurb and gutter on the outside. Whenever a cut is within rock, the cut slope will go from atypical 2:1 to 0.5:1. At the top of rock, the cut will continue on at 2:1. In fill, the condition willbe 3:1in all fill under 6’ and 2:1 in all fill over 6’ in depth. Pavement depths will be 8” of stoneand 4” of asphalt.

First, Select Design Template under Design within the Section-Profile module ofSurvCADD CES. Click on New File. We’ll call it the same name as the drawing.

Click Save. A dialog appears where you enter segments of the template, which workoutwards from the middle as the add more lanes, curbs and shoulders. We will enter asymmetrical template, with 13.5’ pavement sections either side of centerline, connecting to a2’ curb and gutter, with 18” of gutter and 6” of curb. Then we’ll add a 6’ shoulder.


For the lanes, click the Grades Icon. This leads to a “child” dialog as shown below:

Fill out as shown. Its important to note that a downhill pavement from a “crown” in themiddle is entered as a negative slope. That is, it is –2% heading from centerline outward,regardless of which side of centerline we are speaking of. Slope is in reference to thecenterline of the template and is independent of the profile grade point. It is also important toenter an ID whenever requested. ID’s can be referenced later. A break point in a shoulder insuperelevation could be defined as occurring at EP+3, as opposed to the exact offset distancefrom centerline. The advantage of EP+3 is that if the road lane width expands (eg. for apassing lane), but the shoulder always breaks 3 feet beyond edge of pavement, then EP+3 isthe only effective way to reference the break point. Now click OK. You’ll note that thelanes draw in the little preview window. Next, we will add a curb.

Click the curb icon. Fill out as shown below. It is especially a good idea to “match crown”, tomake the curb match the slope of the last pavement lane (2% above). But if your curb tiltsdownward more (like 3%), then use a Special Base Slope Type. If its flat, by all means clickon Flat Base. For practice, fill out as shown below:


Now click OK. Here’s what our screen looks like so far:


Next up, we will add a shoulder, going uphill at 4% for 8’. Notice what is happening. You are“lit up” on the Curb line, so if you add another Grade, it will append after the curb—add to theback of curb. If you were to click on the GRADE: 13.500, -2.000%, EP line, highlight it, thenclick on GRADES, you would add a second lane before the curb. Now click on GRADES.Fill out the dialog as shown:

That’s it for the surface! Now we have subgrades and outslopes still to consider. Let’s turnour attention to subgrades. Let’s think about this: if our pavement is a total of 12” deep (8”stone, 4” asphalt) and our concrete gutter is 6” deep, then the stone will run 6” deep under thegutter. Do we want this stone to come back up at the back of the gutter, behind the gutter or


even “wrap around” back into the gutter, like a layer of bedding that is covered by dirt. Themost complex concept is the wrap around, so let’s go for it.

Select the Subgrade icon, second from the right (yellow color). We’ll do twosubgrades: first asphalt, which will run straight out and “hit” the curb, and the stone, which willrun out, go under the curb, and wrap back.

Complete, as shown. For any sub-grade, we still do the vertical offset as a negativedistance (negative meaning down). But follow this concept: we start it out 13 feet fromoffset 0, and keep going “At Slope” until it hits something (the curb). This won’t work if thereis nothing to hit. But it will run into the curb, or if there is a fill slope, downhill 6:1 “recoveryzone” lane, or something to intersect, it will. This “At Slope” concept works perfectly forshallow asphalts and concretes that will “bump into” a curb, when extended. Now for thestone beneath the asphalt.


Follow this: the stone can’t Match Surface—it will start up hill with the shoulder as it passesbeyond the curb (it goes out 17’). So it must have a “Special” slope, the same –2% all theway. The “Wrap Height” is the vertical rise at the end of the 17’, before it wraps back andhits the curb.Fill out as shown. Note preview screen below:


We still need to enter the outslope conditions. They are done with Cut and Fill icons. Fill iseasy in our example. Click on Fill.


Just 3 entries total: 3 (for 3:1), 6 (up to 6’), then 2 (for 2:1 over 6’).Next click the icon for Cut.

This was actually easier (in terms of total entries). Just 2 entries do it: 2 (for 2:1 normalcut) and down below, 0.5 (for 0.5:1 cut when in rock).

Now click Save. The template is complete. Let’s prove we have a good template bydoing the command Draw Typical Template.

Step 9: Draw Typical Template. Select Draw Typical Template under the Designpulldown menu, select Example2 (or as named above), and the following dialogshown here is displayed:


Go straight to Draw.

We have doubled the text scaler to 0.5 for better appearance in a manual, due to the need toreduce the scale. Here is the “look” of the plotted template.

Step 10: Drawing Explorer. As more files are made edited, loaded and reviewed, with awork session, the drawing “ini” file takes note. You can review your active files as you work,or days later, because they save to the “ini” file that shares the same name as the drawingfile. To see a few of our files, select Drawing Explorer, sliding over from Project, under File.


Step 11: Input-Edit Section File. Input-Edit Section File has many uses, but one is totranslate or “lower” the elevations of a file and re-save. If we lower the elevations of ourground sections 8 feet, we can call that the “rock” line. Rock lines react with templates andprofiles to create rock cuts and rock quantities, within the final step, Process Road Design.Select Input-Edit Section File under the Section pulldown menu.

Select Existing.


Select Example2b and open it

The next dialog that appears is shown below:

Here you click the Translate button and fill out the resulting dialog as shown:


Now back at the dialog at left, click Save File, but save to a different name, as in Rock.

Input-Edit Section can do much more through the Edit option. In the case of Edit, you wouldfirst highlight one station, then click Edit to review and revise it.

Step 12: Process Road Design. This is the routine that weaves everything together.Select Process Road Design, as the lower command under the Design pulldown inthe Section-Profile module. Fill out the dialog as shown below:


On the next dialog, click on Triangulate & Contour at the lower right of the dialog.

Now click Ok. Here is the final report, with itemized quantities:


And the graphic, in 3D.

172 Tutorial - Hydrology

LESSON 8: HYDROLOGY – Watershed Analysisand Storm Routing

· Slope Report· Runoff Tracking· 3D Poly Flow Values· Rainfall Frequency & Amount· Sub-Watersheds by Land Use· Curve Numbers/Runoff· Time of Concentration· Peak Flow· Detention Pond Sizing· Design Valley Pond· Pond Weir Spillway Design· Stage Storage Curve· Drop Pipe Spillway Design· Channel Design – Mannings· Draw Flow Polylines· Hydrograph Development· Draw Hydrograph· Locate Structures

Lesson 8: Hydrology – Watershed Analysis and Storm Routing

This lesson will step through some of the more common Hydrology Module routines anddesign structures based on the analysis of the watershed. The drawing file“HydroLesson.dwg” is a nice example to show the features of the Hydrology Module. Asurface topography grid file is needed for these routines, and is supplied also. Afteropening up the drawing, take a look around at the various layers and even move to the 3Dview window to see the change of elevations in the surface. There are two main drain-ages that we will be looking at: Drainage 1 and Drainage 2. The others in this region willbe ignored, as they do not drain to the same area we are looking at, the north central lowspot. There are routines for finding these watersheds based on grid or TIN files, but thisdrawing has the closed polylines already generated. We will walk through some of thesteps to gather the slope and area information.

Tutorial - Hydrology Page 2-173

Drainage 1

Drainage 2

Step 1: Slope Report. Go to the DTM pulldown in the Hydrology Module andchoose Slope Report. This will prompt for File or Screen, Choose File, we have theTopography.grd file to analyze. We will run this routine twice, once for each watershed.When prompted for the inclusion line, select the closed perimeter line that runs aroundDrainage 1. The report window will appear, and this can be saved to a file, or placed onscreen as AutoCAD text. In this example, we will place all reports on screen for quickreview, but you can save it to a file if needed. Shown in the following figure are thereports of the two drainages, I have my AutoCAD text style set to bold Arial, as explainedin Lesson 2.


Slope Report - Drainage 1 08/17/2000 09:31

Processing GRiD file: C:\Drawings\HydroLesson\Topography.grd

Lower left grid corner : 540000.00,156950.00

Upper right grid corner: 545200.00,160950.00

X grid resolution: 52, Y grid resolution: 40

X grid cell size: 100.00, Y grid cell size: 100.00

Horizontal Area: 5755781.250 sq ft, 132.135 acres

Slope Area: 6202655.245 sq ft, 142.393 acres

Average Elevation: 1325.247

Average Slope: 33.115

Slope Report - Drainage 2 08/17/2000 09:32

Processing GRiD file: C:\Drawings\HydroLesson\Topography.grd

Lower left grid corner : 540000.00,156950.00

Upper right grid corner: 545200.00,160950.00

X grid resolution: 52, Y grid resolution: 40

X grid cell size: 100.00, Y grid cell size: 100.00

Horizontal Area: 7105234.375 sq ft, 163.114 acres

Slope Area: 7666939.835 sq ft, 176.009 acres

Average Elevation: 1305.344

Average Slope: 34.862

Notice that the watersheds are similar in size and have approximately the same averageslope.

Step 2: Runoff Tracking. This is a fun routine that will draw a 3D polyline running“downhill” in the path that a storm event would. It is useful to fine-tune a watershedboundary. If you pick near the boundary line, you can see which direction the water willflow. Shown is an example of the drawing with the runoff tracking lines falling withintheir respective watersheds. There might be a little overlap in certain areas where thegrid cells are horizontally flat.


Drainage 1

Drainage 2

Step 3: 3D Polyline Flow Values. This is a step to see what the longest flow line data iswithin the watersheds. It will create a nice report showing the slopes and vertical drop.The red 3D polylines in the drawing were created (with runoff tracking and some editing)to represent the longest flow line. This routine reports out the values of the polylinesselected. Go to the Watershed pulldown to 3D Polyline Flow Values. The reportcan be saved for future reference, but also be aware that when you will need to enter inthis data, there is a button on the dialog to simply pick the red polylines on screen.


Step 4: Rainfall Frequency and Amount. This routine will look up rainfall depths based onwhat storm type and duration is being analyzed. Under Watershed, go to RainfallFrequency and Amount. We will do the 25 year, 24 hour storm. Let’s assume the areais somewhere in South Dakota, and so we will use the value of 3.52 inches. For custom-izing this table to suit your needs, there is the user-defined portion in the lower left corner,if you have specific values you always use, they can be entered here for quick retrieval.

Step 5: Sub-Watersheds by Land Use. This is another way to “break up” the watershedsbased on land use, or varied surface features. We will break up our watersheds into twotypes of land use. The steep slopes will be treed, and the top flats will be vegetated withgrasses. Go to Sub Watersheds by Land Use under the Watershed pulldown. Theroutine will then ask for the watershed boundary, and the two closed polylines that makeup the two different areas. Pick the lines as prompted. The two lines are drawn inlayer “pillars” so the program knows how to identify them.


Drainage 1

Drainage 2

Step 6: Curve Numbers and Runoff. This is an easy step to get the runoff and volume ofthe storm based on the CN and acreage. We will do a “weighted” curve number repre-senting out two land use types. We will run this twice, once for each watershed. Go toCalculate Curve Numbers (CN) under the Watershed pulldown. First off, SelectAreas, and pick the two lines inside Watershed 1. They will have two different CN,based on the type of land. The area is brought in automatically, and the CN will have tobe typed in, or looked up on the table. After the CN numbers and the areas are in,hit Calc Runoff and the runoff and volume will appear at the bottom. These can besaved in a report, or simply written down for future reference.

Drainage 1 Drainage 2

Step 7: Time of Concentration (SCS). This is a quick step necessary for ultimatelygetting the Peak Flow. Under Watershed, go to Time of Concentration. We will


use the SCS method, and the window will look as follows. The CN number shouldhave been brought in from the last routine, but we will have to “Select Flow Line fromScreen”. This will allow for picking the red flow line from the map. This routine willalso be executed twice to calculate the TC for both drainages.


Step 8: Peak Flow (Graphical). Now to see what the peak flow will be in each drainage,based on the previous seven steps. The drainage area of the last watershed calcu-lated should appear in the Area window, if not then simply type it in . The Rainfalldepth, frequency, CN, and TC also should be there. All we have to do is hit “Calcu-late” and the peak discharge appears at the bottom in CFS (cubic feet per second). Thisroutine should be run twice, once for each drainage. Notice all of these routines have a“Report” button to keep a running log of all the calculated data.



Step 9: Detention Pond Sizing. Now we need to see how large the ponds need to be todetain this size of a storm event. Under Structure, go to Detention Pond Sizing. ThePeak Inflow Discharge from the last area calculated will appear as well as the area. Inthis example, we will allow for a combined maximum10 cfs to be discharged from theponds. This means that 5 cfs from each will be our Desired Peak Outflow. Typethat in. Hit Calculate, and the Runoff Volume and the Storage Volume will appearat the bottom of the window. In pond number one, we need to store 6.68 acre feet ofwater. In pond number two, we will need 5.39 acre feet of storage. So now we have astarting point, and can now create the pond in 3D with these sizes.



Step 10: Design Valley Pond. We know approximately where we want the two ponds,and have the “dam polylines drawn in the drawing already. They are in the “top-of-dam”layer. If it is frozen then thaw it out now. We will run “Design Valley Pond” underthe Structure pulldown. For pond number one (corresponding to drainage 1), the valuesto enter at each prompt are:Command: vpondSource of surface model [File/<Screen>]? Choose ScreenPick Lower Left limit of pond disturbed area <541884.0,158364.0>: Window the area,being generous to include all the affected surface contours.Choose a grid cell size of about 25’x25’Pick the top of dam polyline: Pick itReading points ... 4754Pick a point within the pond: Pick a point upstream from the top of dam polylineEnter slopes as percent grade or slope ratio [Percent/<Ratio>]? We’ll use RatioEnter the outslope ratio <2.0>:2Enter the interior slope ratio <2.0>:2Enter the top of dam width <10.0>: 25Range of existing elevations along dam top: 1082.10 to 1171.87 (these are what it found)Enter the top of dam elevation: 1117Cut pond interior [Yes/<No>]? NCalculate stage-storage values [<Yes>/No]? Y


Method to specify storage elevations [<Automatic>/Interval/Manual]? IntervalStarting elevation <1078.16>: 1078Elevation interval <2.00>:2.0Output grid file of final pond surface [Yes/<No>]? NWrite stage-storage to SEDCAD file [Yes/<No>]? Yes, this will be a *.CAP file (name itpond 1)Adjust parameters and redesign pond [Yes/<No>]? NTrim existing contours inside pond perimeter [Yes/<No>]? NContour the pond [<Yes>/No]? N.You should now have a pond that looks like the one on the left in the followingdrawing. Repeat the routine for pond two, using a top of dam elevation of 1090,and starting at a low of 1064.

Step 11: Pond Weir Spillway Design. Now let’s see what the spillway will need to be forthe storage calculated. We will allow 5 cfs of discharge, so what will be the elevations ofthe spillway? Under Structure, go to Pond Weir Spillway Design. That will bring up thefollowing window.


Pond 1 Pond 2

The C-factor we will use is about .3. We will allow up to 5 cfs discharge. This willcalculate the depth of the weir (if that is what we use, we’ll use a drop pipe in 1, and achannel in 2) with the equation shown at the top of the window. Our required storagevolume is 6.68 acre feet for pond one (5.4 for pond two). Hit the “Apply to Actual Pond”and choose the Pond 1.cap file. This should give the two elevations shown in the dialog:1108.1 for top of pool, and 1105.78 for bottom of spillway. This will be our principlespillway, our emergency spillway will just be assumed to be 1.5 feet higher.

Step 12: Draw Stage-Storage Curve. Now that we have the spillway elevations and acapacity file (*.CAP) for each pond, let’s draw the Stage Storage/Area Curve Graphs toget a graphic of the curves with values to follow. Under Structure, go to Draw Stage-Storage Curve. Here are the prompts to answer:Command: stageName of Pond <Sediment Control Structure No. 1>: ENTERPermit Application Number (eg. 898-5252):ENTERPermit Item Number (eg. 30.3):ENTERPage Number <1>:ENTER(F)ile Input or Known (A)rea, Length/Width (D)imensions or <V>olume: F, SELECTPOND 1.CAP


Calculate Storage or Elevation Points (y/<n>): NElevation of Top of Structure <1117.0000 >: ENTERElevation of Emergency Spillway <1086.0>: 1109.5Elevation of Principal Spillway (Enter if same): 1108Elevation of Clean Out Level <1066.0>: 1080Is Above Data OK (<y>/n): YCalculate Permanent Pool Elevation (Principal Spillway Ac.Ft.-Runoff Ac.Ft.) y/<n>? NRange of Elevation: 37.0Desired Elevation Grid Interval: 5Total Storage Range in Ac.Ft.: 16.981Desired Storage Grid Interval: 3Pick Starting Position: PICK A SPOT IN THE OPEN DRAWINGEnter Scale of Drawing <1.0>: 50Text for Horiz. Scale <ACCUMULATIVE STORAGE (ac-ft)>:ENTERText for Vert. Scale <ELEVATION MSL>:ENTERDraw stage-area curve also? (y/<n>): YTitle of Plot <STAGE STORAGE-AREA CURVES>:ENTERData Title <STORAGE VOLUME COMPUTATIONS>:ENTERSkip every 2nd table entry (y/<n>): Y(C)ertification, (B)usiness Address or <E>xit: EXIT

Do the same for Pond two with the other elevations from the spillway and top ofdam calculated above, and choose to put this on page 2. Your graphs should looklike the two pictured.


1080

1085

1090

1095

1100

1105

1110

1115

1120

0.00 6.00 12.00 18.00

ACCUMULATIVE STORAGE (ac-ft)

EL

EV

AT

ION

(M

SL

)

PRINCIPAL SPILLWAY (1108.00)

EMERGENCY SPILLWAY (1109.50)

TOP OF STRUCTURE(1117.00)

0.00 0.52 1.04 1.56

AREA (ac.)

STAGE STORAGE-AREA CURVESSediment Control Structure No. 1

STORAGE VOLUME COMPUTATIONS

Sediment Control Structure No. 1

ELEV. WIDTH LENGTH AREA AVG. INTERVAL STORAGE ACC. STAGE

(ft) (ft) ( ft) (ac) AREA (ft) (ac-ft) STORAGE INTERVAL

(ac) (ac-ft) ( ft)

1080.00 N/A N/A 0.0000

1082.00 N/A N/A 0.00000.0000 2.00 0.0000 0.0011 2.00

1084.00 N/A N/A 0.00220.0011 2.00 0.0022 0.0044 4.00

1086.00 N/A N/A 0.01490.0086 2.00 0.0171 0.0215 6.00

1088.00 N/A N/A 0.04020.0276 2.00 0.0551 0.0765 8.00

1090.00 N/A N/A 0.07600.0581 2.00 0.1162 0.1927 10.00

1092.00 N/A N/A 0.11790.0970 2.00 0.1939 0.3867 12.00

1094.00 N/A N/A 0.16990.1439 2.00 0.2878 0.6745 14.00

1096.00 N/A N/A 0.21980.1949 2.00 0.3897 1.0641 16.00

1098.00 N/A N/A 0.28440.2521 2.00 0.5042 1.5683 18.00

1100.00 N/A N/A 0.36270.3236 2.00 0.6471 2.2154 20.00

1102.00 N/A N/A 0.45080.4068 2.00 0.8135 3.0288 22.00

1104.00 N/A N/A 0.54490.4979 2.00 0.9957 4.0245 24.00

1106.00 N/A N/A 0.65760.6013 2.00 1.2025 5.2269 26.00

1108.00 N/A N/A 0.78830.7230 2.00 1.4459 6.6729 28.00

1109.50 N/A N/A 0.89180.8400 1.50 1.2601 7.9329 29.50

1111.00 N/A N/A 1.00710.9495 1.50 1.4242 9.3542 31.00

1113.00 N/A N/A 1.18001.0936 2.00 2.1871 11.5356 33.00

1115.00 N/A N/A 1.36331.2717 2.00 2.5433 14.0795 35.00

1117.00 N/A N/A 1.53081.4927 1.00 1.4927 16.9810 37.00

1

1065

1070

1075

1080

1085

1090

0.00 6.00 12.00 18.00

ACCUMULATIVE STORAGE (ac-ft)

EL

EV

AT

ION

(M

SL)

CLEAN OUT LEVEL (1070.00)

PRINCIPAL SPILLWAY (1081.61)

EMERGENCY SPILLWAY (1083.00)

TOP OF STRUCTURE(1090.00)

0.00 0.56 1.12 1.68

AREA (ac.)

STAGE STORAGE-AREA CURVESSediment Control Structure No. 2

STORAGE VOLUME COMPUTATIONS

Sediment Control Structure No. 2

ELEV. WIDTH LENGTH AREA AVG. INTERVAL STORAGE ACC. STAGE

(ft) (ft) (ft) (ac) AREA (ft) (ac-ft) STORAGE INTERVAL

(ac) (ac-ft) (ft)

1066.00 N/A N/A 0.0005

1068.00 N/A N/A 0.00490.0027 2.00 0.0054 0.0054 2.00

1070.00 N/A N/A 0.03440.0197 2.00 0.0393 0.0447 4.00

1072.00 N/A N/A 0.10470.0696 2.00 0.1391 0.1838 6.00

1074.00 N/A N/A 0.22340.1641 2.00 0.3281 0.5119 8.00

1076.00 N/A N/A 0.43290.3282 2.00 0.6563 1.1682 10.00

1078.00 N/A N/A 0.63560.5343 2.00 1.0685 2.2367 12.00

1080.00 N/A N/A 0.89890.7673 2.00 1.5345 3.7712 14.00

1081.61 N/A N/A 1.08140.9901 1.61 1.5941 5.3653 15.61

1082.00 N/A N/A 1.12561.1035 0.39 0.4304 5.7957 16.00

1083.00 N/A N/A 1.23201.1788 1.00 1.1788 6.9745 17.00

1084.00 N/A N/A 1.33831.2851 1.00 1.2851 8.2596 18.00

1086.00 N/A N/A 1.55741.4479 2.00 2.8957 11.1553 20.00

1088.00 N/A N/A 1.76281.6601 2.00 3.3202 14.4755 22.00

1090.00 N/A N/A 1.93111.8470 2.00 3.6939 18.1694 24.00

2


Step 13: Drop Pipe Spillway Design. This will give us a stage discharge file that we willadd to our structure in the routine of the storm through our ponds. We will only do this inpond 1. Pond 2 will have a channel, which will create a different stage discharge file. Goto the Structure pull down to Drop Pipe Spillway Design. We will design one for the flowwe need. Enter in the values shown in the window and hit calculate to get nearthe 5 cfs discharge we are looking for. Hit File to create the discharge file forpond 1.


Step 14: Channel Design – Mannings NonErodable . This will generate the other stagedischarge file for pond 2. Enter in the parameters shown, and create the second STG file,this one for pond two. It will calculate the depth and the velocity base on our dimensionsentered. Enter a depth of 9 and a base elevation of 1081.61 for the bottom.


Step 15: Draw Flow Polylines. Now we will look at creating a “skeleton structure” of ourflow lines with these structures place on them. We will first produce a hydrograph of thetwo drainages without the ponds, then add the ponds to the flow polylines and regeneratethe hydrographs. We hope to reduce the discharge to a much smaller amount, but over alonger period of time. Under Watershed, go to Draw Flow Polylines. This will let uspick a point, from high to low. As seen in the diagram, pick from NW to SE. Enterin the three parameters for drainage 1.

5754362.1

71 (0

.80)

4220987.7

73 (

0.6

8)

When asked to draw another, select yes and join it with the first at the bottom right corner,near the endpoint. This will place the text on them and allow for the next step.

Step 16: Hydrograph Development. This routine will run the TR-20 program and gener-ate a hydrograph file that we can draw on screen. Under Watershed, go toHydrograph Development and select the two Flow Polylines and the text associ-ated with each one. The routine will run the TR-20 and give a report, part of which is


shown below. There are now some hydrograph files created in the data directory that wecan draw in the next step.

Step 17: Draw Hydrograph. Under the Watershed pulldown, go to Draw Hydrographand select the ADD.h1. This is the file of both drainages combined. The scales to beused should be about 1,1,1,0.5,5,5 and we will draw the grid on the first one, and turn offgrid for additional hydrographs. Choose starting time of 0, and an ending time of 80 (thenext one will go that long).


Step 18: Locate Structures. This command will place a symbol on our flow lines torepresenting the ponds and spillways. This will create a small triangle at the end of eachflow line where they were picked. Hit the file button twice., once to pick the CAPfile and again to pick the STG file. You will have to change the file of type window tosee the STG file. After you hit OK, it is now ready to run Hydrograph Developmentagain to generate the new hydrographs.


5754362.1

71 (0

.80)

4220987.7

73 (

0.6

8)

Now run Hydrograph development and select the flow lines plus the symbols. Thiswill create the new hydrograph as shown below. It has a much smaller peak, but a longertime for the event. It does stay within our maximum outflow parameters. That is theconclusion of the Hydrology Tutorial.

cogo_design_carlsontutorial

Documents

interior text area

text contouring

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layers autocad drawing

area layer controllesson

lot file input

intersection area

text auto bldg dimensions