coastal optical characterization experiment (coce) activities at star noaa 2013 satellite...
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Coastal Optical Characterization Experiment (COCE) Activities at STAR NOAA 2013 Satellite Conference, April 7-12, 2013
M. Ondrusek, [email protected], NOAA/NESDIS/STAR, College Park, MD, United States.E. Stengel, [email protected], NOAA/NESDIS/STAR, College Park, MD, United States.
SUMMARYThe Coastal Optical Characterization Experiment (COCE) is an ongoing project at NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Satellite Oceanography and Climatology Division. The primary goals of COCE are satellite ocean color validation and application development. The COCE group has been validating all ocean color sensors since the SeaWiFS sensor launch in 1997 by measuring in situ the water leaving radiances seen by the satellite. Currently, this effort concentrates on the initialization and validation of the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) VIIRS sensor aboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) sensor. The performance of the sensor is evaluated by presenting comparisons between ground truth measurements and VIIRS retrievals made off Florida, Hawaii and in the Chesapeake Bay. The application development effort focuses on developing new ocean color satellite remote sensing tools for monitoring relevant coastal ocean parameters. A COCE developed high-resolution Total Suspended Matter (TSM) algorithm is used to monitor several high sediment runoff events in the Chesapeake Bay including the record runoff event following Tropical Storm Lee in the Fall of 2011. An experimental TSM loading algorithm is also presented. These COCE activities improve the utility of ocean color satellite data in monitoring and analyzing coastal and oceanic processes.
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BandOld NASA - New NASA
Hyperpro - New NASA
Hyperpro - NRL
Hyperpro - NOAA
410 -6.99 1.50 3.48 -16.56443 -9.36 3.18 1.05 -14.13488 -8.38 3.93 3.38 -8.16551 -19.31 1.40 36.27 -15.39671 -30.70 -8.81 158.79 -22.56
average 410 to 551 -11.01 2.50 11.05 -13.56
Cross plot of in-situ vs VIIRS for Chesapeake Bay.
Cross plot of in-situ vs VIIRS for Hawaii.
BandAvg. % diff. Hyperpro - New NASA
Std. Dev. of % diff. Hyperpro - New NASA
410 65.98 113.88443 -49.99 53.63488 -46.35 24.05551 -35.10 15.69671 -33.47 16.35
average 443 to 671 -41.23
Average and Std. Dev of the percent differences between Hyperpro in-situ and VIIRS (new NASA) for Chesapeake Bay. Sample dates include 10/11/12, 11/2/12, 1/7/13, and 1/10/13. N = 12.
Averages of the percent differences between Hyperpro in-situ and VIIRS for Hawaii, Sept. 2012 comparing different processings. Sample dates include 9/11/12, 9/12/12, and 9/15/12. N = 6.
10/11/12 Sta 1
0
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.01
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
nm
Rrs
Hyperpro
NASA
10/11/12 Sta 2
00.0010.0020.0030.0040.0050.006
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
nm
Rrs Hyperpro
NASA
10/11/12 Sta 3
0
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.006
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
nm
Rrs Hyperpro
NASA
10/11/12 Sta 4
0
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.006
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
nm
Rrs
Hyperpro
NASA
11/2/12 Sta 1
0
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.01
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
nm
Rrs Hyperpro
NASA
11/2/12 Sta 2
00.0020.0040.0060.0080.01
0.0120.014
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
nm
Rrs Hyperpro
NASA
1/7/13 Sta 1
0
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.01
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
nm
Rrs Hyperpro
NASA
1/7/13 Sta 2
0
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.01
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
nm
Rrs Hyperpro
NASA
1/10/13 Sta 1
0
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.006
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
nm
Rrs Hyperpro
NASA
1/10/13 Sta 2
00.0010.0020.0030.0040.0050.0060.007
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
nm
Rrs Hyperpro
NASA
1/7/13 Sta 3
00.0010.0020.0030.0040.0050.0060.007
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
nm
Rrs Hyperpro
NASA
1/10/13 Sta 3
0
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
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400 450 500 550 600 650 700
nm
Rrs Hyperpro
NASA
Chesapeake Bay FY13 Matchups Inland water validation – 14 Stations
VIIRS OCEAN COLOR VALIDATION
Spectral nLw data normalized to the nLw maximum to emphasize the spectral differences between the red tide spectra (red) and spectra collected outside the bloom (green).
Microscopic photo of Cochlodinium polykrikoides collected August 16th, 2011 in the Elisabeth River (photos courtesy of Sharyn Hedrick, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center). Cell counts exceeded 4000 cells/ml.
Aug. 17th Chl imagery of the Norfolk region Imagery concentrations exceeded 200 mg/m3. No clear imagery was available for Aug 16th.
JDAY Date 2011TSM conc. Surf. to Bottom
TSM conc. Surf to 10m Difference % Diff Sediment Load all Sediment Load 10m n pixels
(Metric Ton) (Metric Ton) (Metric Ton) (Metric Ton) (Metric Ton)
62 3-Mar 434890 367623 67268 15.47 17726176 17-Mar 1152729 952435 200294 17.38 759867 622207 176429
255 12-Sep 1951767 1763679 188088 9.64 1558906 1433451 124134256 13-Sep 2848646 2443232 405414 14.23 2455784 2113004 139940257 14-Sep 3397808 2846926 550882 16.21 3004946 2516698 161356305 1-Nov 350833 292834 57999 16.53 124368
Normal sediment load = average day 62 and 305 = 392862 330228
Sept. 10 Sept. 11 Sept. 12 Sept. 13 Sept. 14
http://chesapeakebay.noaa.gov/observations-hot-topics/ncbo-researches-sediment-plumehttp://chesapeakebay.noaa.gov/observations-hot-topics/ncbo-monitors-plume-location
Hypro vs IDPSHypro vs L2GEN
ASD vs L2gen ASD vs IDPS ASD vs AquaHyperpro vsAqua
ch r2 slope r2 slope r2 slope r2 slope r2 slope r2 slope
410 0.86280.875
20.907
11.017
70.841
40.963
90.836
40.799
40.575
31.201
60.457
51.278
2
443 0.98480.932
90.984
80.905
80.946
80.907
20.976
60.912
50.920
20.969
20.892
20.979
6
488 0.99810.977
20.996
40.976
20.973
51.050
30.991
20.996
40.988
80.911
50.991
40.872
7
551 0.98950.960
30.985
00.983
80.963
51.119
80.975
91.076
70.980
40.928
10.977
9 0.873
671 0.99530.736
20.995
90.936
80.899
21.005
60.961
30.732
70.971
2 0.5760.979
20.648
6
Southern Florida Cruise – February 28 – March 2, 2012Coastal water validatoin - 9 clear validation stations were achieved and compared to NRL, L2GEN and MODIS Aqua.
Honolulu, Hawaii Cruise – September 8 – 21, 2013Blue water validation - 28 Station occupied
Mean daily discharge rates from the Conowingo Dam in cubic feet per second. Data from: http://waterdata.usgs.gov. Data collection dates range from 10/1/1967 to present.
March 3 Normal conditions
March 7Beginning of Event
March 13TSM load increasing
March 17Maximum extent of plume
March 19Plume begins to recede
March 22Plume continues to recede
March 26Plume continues to recede
March 27Plume continues to recede
March 29Plume continues to recede
Pict of sampling
MODIS Aqua NRL VIIRS IDPS VIIRS
.01 .05 .3 1.6 8.4 45Chlorophyll (mg/m3)
New Analytical Laboratory for Validation MeasurementsRoom 3755 NCWCP
Satlantic HYPERPROPrimary radiance validation instrument
VIIRS Validation SummaryIn open ocean waters, in situ matchups indicate that VIIRS ocean color sensor is performing to near heritage quality. More work is needed to assess the coastal and inland performance. Chlorophyll performance (left) is sensitive to relative band performance and therefore reflects uncertainty in the Bay radiance measurements.
SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RED TIDES IN THE CHESAPEAKE BAY
SEDIMENT RUNOFF INTO THE CHESAPEAKE BAYUse Total Suspended Matter (TSM) Imagery Developed at STAR to Monitor the Sources and Evolution of Runoff Events in the Chesapeake Bay
March 2012 Spring Runoff EventSurface TSM Concentrations in mg/l
September 2012 Runoff Event Following Tropical Storm LeeSurface TSM Concentrations in mg/l
Sediment Runoff in the Northern Chesapeake Bay is Related to Susquehanna River Flow
March 2012 Sept. 2012
The Calculation of Total Instantanious Sediment Loads (TSM) into the Chesapeake Bay in Metric TonsCharacterize sediment distributions with depth using in situ sampling, runoff limited to top 10m.
March 3
March 17
November 1
September 12
September 13
September 14
Calculate total sediment per pixel in kg
Sum all pixels in a region (red box in bay) to estimate total sediment in bay then subtract normal day from event day to calculate total instantaneous sediment load for that day.