climate change impacts on human health - new airborne...
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Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 115th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
ClimateClimate Change Impacts on Human Health Change Impacts on Human Health -- New New AirborneAirborne RisksRisks
HansHans--Guido MGuido Müückecke
Umweltbundesamt (UBA)Federal Environment Agency, Berlin/Germany
Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 215th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
Background on Climate change and health• Increasing number of natural disasters and people affected in
Europe within the last 30 years
• Health impacts of extreme weather events in Germany, e.g. heavyrains with floods in East-Ger 1997/2002/06, heat wave in SW-Ger 2003, country-wide storms 2002/07/08
• WHO process on CC and health in Europe since 2000; health chapter of 4th IPCC status report 2007
• at EU level since 2008: white paper „Adapting to CC“, incl. resilienceof health and social policies
• since Dec. 2008: German CC adaption strategy „DAS“, human health is one main topic
Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 315th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
Health outcomes
Indirect exposures
(induced changes in other sectors and systems)
Direct exposures
(heat, flood…)
Climate Climate Climate ChangeChangeChange
Pathways
Socio-economic impacts
(homelessness, refugees…)
Adapted from IPCC 2007Adapted from IPCC 2007Adapted from IPCC 2007
Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 415th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
Human health aspects of the „DAS“• Infectious diseases from food-, water-, rodent- and vector-borne
sources, particularely non-native airborne vectors, e.g. mosquito-borne viruses (such as West Nile and dengue virus, chikungunyafever, malaria)
• Non-infectious diseases, such as COPD, asthma and allergies, e.g. from a changing natural environment
• two examples of new CC-related health risks in the air due to thermophile species:
ragweed pollen and stinging hairs (setae)of processionary caterpillars
Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 515th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
Health effects of ragweed(Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)
• late summer allergic symptioms: e.g. hay fever, rhino conjunctivitis, asthma
• pulmonary obstructive reactions
• prolongation of the air-borne burden of diseases
Ref.: Starfinger, JKI 2010
Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 615th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
Occurance and distribution of ragweed• 1 mio pollen per plant• „No 1 allergy plant“ in N-America• relatively new burden in Europe, about 10 to 12%
population are suffort in I, F and HU• in Germany: rough knowledge about occurance
and spreading in cities and country-side• identification by chance• no systematical and harmonized monitoring• growing number of existance• ambrosia abatement programme at the local
and state level, here and there
Ref.: Starfinger, JKI 2010
Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 715th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
Ref.: Starfinger, JKI 2010
Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 815th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
Health effects of Thaumetopea processionea L.
• toxic irritative allergic symptoms:such as eye irritations, conjunctivitisitchy skin, eczema, caterpillar dermatitis
• pulmonary obstructive reactions
• asthma
• anaphylactic shock
Ref.: Spiegel 2004
Quercus robur
Q. cerris
T. processionea
Geographical distribution of the two main host plants, Quercus robur and Q. cerris, and the oak processionary moth, Thaumetopoea processionea
Ref.: Spiegel 2008
Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 1015th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
Ref.: Spiegel 2004Ref.: zweihundertzwölf 2008 wikipedia
Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 1115th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
Summary: non-infectious diseases
• facing new phenomenon of climate change related health risks in theair from thermophile species (allergic disorders from bioaerosols, e.g. pollen and stinging hairs)
• pollen seasons currently starts on average 10 days earlier than 50 years ago
• prolongation of pollen burden diseases due to late summer bloomingplants, e.g. ragweed/ambrosia
• since 2004 identification of new public health problems (allergies) fromstinging hairs in forests and leisure areas
• little knowledge of human health pathomechanisms=> National research on patho impacts of new pollen is projected(Federal Research Plan 2010/11), concerning stinging hairs planned for2011/12
Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 1215th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
EDEN-Project (Emerging Diseases in a changing European eNvironment)
2004 - 2010 Integrated Project of the 6th Framework program funded by the ECContractors: 48 scientific institutions from 24 countries, 11.500.000,-€
Activities in Europe: European CommissionClimate change and vector- and rodent borne Diseases
Project aim: identification of environmental conditions which influence spatial and
temporal distribution and dynamics of human pathogenic vector- and rodent-borne
diseases. (Airborne Risks: Moquitoes, Sandflies, Hanta-Virus)
Biodiversity monitoring, environmental change detection, disease modelling, data
exchange, information and communication.Ref.: Schmolz and Klasen, FEA 2010
Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 1315th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
Project: Climate Change and Distribution of Hanta-transmitting Rodents
Funding: Environmental Research Plan 2009 (UFOPLAN 2009)Contractors: Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Federal Research
Institute for Animal Health, 2009 - 2012, 185.000,-€
Project aim: Prediction of changes in distribution and population cycles of
voles as Hantavirus-transmitters.
Vole monitoring, description of vole distribution and population cycles,
correlates to climate, monitoring of Hanta-Viruses in voles
Activities in Germany: Federal Environment AgencyClimate change and vector- and rodent borne Diseases
Bank vole, Myodes glareolus Picture: FEA
Dried and aerosolized rodenturine with hantavirus particlesleading to infectious pulmonaryand kidney diseases in humans
Ref.: Schmolz and Klasen, FEA 2010
Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 1415th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
Activities in Germany: Federal Environment Agency
Planned project: Climate Change and Distribution of Vectors (Mosquitoes)
Funding: Environmental Research Plan 2011 (UFOPLAN 2011)Contractor: to be assigned, 2011 - 2013
Climate change and vector- and rodent borne Diseases
Project aim: Prediction of changes in distribution of health-relevant
mosquitoes. Monitoring of mosquito species, their distribution and
abundance, correlates to climate, monitoring of pathogens in mosquitoes
Anopheles stephensi Picture: FEA
Adult mosquitoes may transmitdiseases, e.g. malaria, yellowfever, Dengue fever, West-Nilefever
Ref.: Schmolz and Klasen, FEA 2010
Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 1515th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
Sandflies and mosquitoes: •Sandflies (Phlebotomes) as vectors for leishmaniasis are spreading northwards in Europe•Introduction of the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) as vector of Chikungunya-virus; recent epidemics in Italy (2007)•Malaria vectors abundant in Europe, but low risk of malaria-reemergenceRodents: •Increased numbers of Hanta cases; epidemic years (e.g. 2007 in Europe)•Climate change induces an increase in frequency of years with nutritional surplus(masting years), followed by rodent population outbreaks and subsequently Hantaepidemics
ItIt isis impossibleimpossible to to generalisegeneralise patternspatterns and and modelsmodels of of mosquitomosquito-- oror rodentrodent--borneborne
diseasedisease outbreaksoutbreaks, , sincesince ecosystemecosystem changeschanges as well as as well as otherother changeschanges (land (land useuse, ,
human human behaviourbehaviour) ) differdiffer substantiallysubstantially in European in European regionsregions: NO SIMPLE ANSWERS!: NO SIMPLE ANSWERS!
Summary of Activities in Europe and GermanyClimate change and vector- and rodent borne Diseases
Ref.: Schmolz and Klasen, FEA 2010
Dr Hans-Guido Mücke 1615th IUAPPA, 12–16 September 2010 in Vancouver
Climate Change Impacts on Human Health - New Airborne Risks
ThankThank youyou forfor your attention!your [email protected]
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