client edith cowan university ferguson architects · per0814100.0.3.pct.100603 - sustainability...

Authorised for Issue PCT 04/06/2010 Project Leader Date

Form Revision: I 04/06

Edith Cowan University

Building 23 Sustainability Report

June 2010 PER0814100

Client

Edith Cowan University Ferguson Architects

WSP Lincolne Scott Pty Ltd

ABN 47 005 113 468 PO Box 516 West Perth 6872

35 Ventnor Avenue West Perth Western Australia 6005 Australia

Telephone 61 8 9426 4900 Facsimile 61 8 9481 1279

[email protected] wsplincolnescott.com

ECU Building 23 Executive Summary

PER0814100.0.3.PCT.100603 - Sustainability Report Rev 3.doc 1 June 2010 Form Revision: I 04/06

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This report describes the results of the final engineering design for Building 23, Edith Cowan University (ECU), Joondalup Campus. The report provides comparison with and draws conclusion from, the ECU ‘Sustainability Guidelines for Designers’ document.

The thermal modelling has been under taken in accordance with the Building Code of Australia (BCA) 2009 Section J Energy Efficiency, JV3 Verification Method.

The proposed building and its proposed services have been modeled along with a reference deemed-to-satisfy building with deemed-to-satisfy services.

Calculation results indicate that the proposed construction exceeds the Core Performance Indicators of the Sustainability Guidelines and also the requirements of BCA 2009, by having lower annual energy consumption than the reference building with deemed-to-satisfy services.

The proposed building with the proposed services has a calculated annual energy consumption of 342 MJ/m2/annum. (95.1 kWh/m2/annum)

The reference building with the deemed-to-satisfy construction has a calculated annual energy consumption of 363 MJ/m²/annum. (100.8 kWh/m2/annum)

This represents a 5.7% reduction in annual energy consumption over the minimum required by the BCA.

Results from the Green Star, Education v1 Energy Calculator indicate that the proposed building with the proposed services will achieve a 18.5% kgCO2-e / annum reduction over the Green Star benchmark emissions for a building of this size and usage. It can be noted that the Green Star calculator has been used a comparative guide only.

Using the Sustainability Guidelines for Designers Operational Energy Consumption nominal target range of 290 to 323 MJ/m2/annum we find that results are 5.8% higher than the target range, although it can be noted this target value appears to be a base building value.

ECU Building 23 Table of Contents

PER0814100.0.3.PCT.100603 - Sustainability Report Rev 3.doc2 2 June 2010 Form Revision: I 04/06

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................4

2 METHODOLOGY.........................................................................................................5

2.1 Data Collection..........................................................................................................5

3 THERMAL COMFORT.................................................................................................6

3.1 Core performance Indicator......................................................................................6

3.2 Design Principles ......................................................................................................6

3.3 Summary...................................................................................................................6

4 INDOOR AIR QUALITY................................................................................................7


4.2 Compliance Overview...............................................................................................7

5 MATERIAL INTENSITY ................................................................................................8


5.2 Results ......................................................................................................................8

6 OPERATIONAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION ................................................................9


6.2 Verification Method ...................................................................................................9

6.3 Thermal Calculation ..................................................................................................9

6.4 Artificial Lighting, Lifts and Hot Water Calculation..................................................10

6.5 Results ....................................................................................................................10

7 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ............................................................................11

7.1 Core Performance Indicator....................................................................................11

7.2 Reduced Greenhouse Gas Emissions ...................................................................11

7.3 DHWS electrical consumption................................................................................11

8 WATER CONSUMPTION ..........................................................................................12

8.1 Core performance Indicator....................................................................................12

8.2 Potable Water Consumption Overview...................................................................12

9 CONCLUSION...........................................................................................................13

10 APPENDIX 1 ..............................................................................................................14

11 APPENDIX 2 ..............................................................................................................21

12 APPENDIX 3 ..............................................................................................................22

ECU Building 23 Table of Contents

PER0814100.0.3.PCT.100603 - Sustainability Report Rev 3.doc2 3 June 2010 Form Revision: I 04/06

12.1 Summary Table.......................................................................................................22

12.2 Points Summary......................................................................................................34

13 APPENDIX 4 ..............................................................................................................36

13.1 Additional Environmental Initiatives........................................................................36

Issue/Status Revision Date Issued Author Checked Approved Comment

March 2010 1 16/03/2010 PCT RWM RWM Draft Issue

May 2010 2 07/05/10 PCT RWM RWM Final Issue

June 2010 3 04/06/10 PCT RWM RWM

Final Issue with Green Star

workshop discussions tables

appended

ECU Building 23 Introduction


1 Introduction

WSP Lincolne Scott has been engaged by Ferguson Architects to provide Environmentally Sustainable Design (ESD) Consultancy services for the proposed Building 23 on the Edith Cowan University (ECU) Joondalup campus. As part of the ESD review, the Core Performance Indicators noted within the Sustainability Guidelines for Designers have been compared with finalised documentation results.

The Core performance Indicators can be identified thus:

• Thermal Comfort

• Indoor Air Quality

• Material Intensity

• Operational Energy Consumption

• Greenhouse Gas Emissions

• Water Consumption

ECU Building 23 Methodology


2 Methodology

2.1 Data Collection

Information required to perform the annual energy consumption calculations was provided by members of the consulting design team. Specific information was provided by the relevant disciplines as listed in the below table.

Discipline Company Information Provide

Architecture Ferguson Architects • Architectural floor plans, sections and elevations

• Construction materials information

Electrical Wood & Grieve Engineers • Proposed Lighting power densities and layout

• Proposed lighting control

Mechanical WSP Lincolne Scott • Heat load calculations

• Proposed thermal zoning

• Proposed grouping of thermal zones to air handlers

• Proposed ventilation and exhaust rates

Hydraulics SKM • Potable water services information

ECU Building 23 Thermal Comfort


3 Thermal Comfort

3.1 Core performance Indicator

The Sustainability Guidelines for Designers recommends calculation of thermal comfort in accordance with ISO 7730.

The target range is noted as a Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) of -1 to +1

It can be noted that due to the usage of a large number of spaces in Building 23, the PMV has been determined as having limited value since the design of the services is process related rather than comfort related, although the following ‘spot checks’ have been undertaken to ascertain general compliance with this core performance indicator.

3.2 Design Principles

• Air Temperature Control

The use of a modulating chilled water control system and VAV system within occupied areas ensures that individual spaces and zones can be precisely controlled to +/-1°C (dry bulb). The control fluctuations can be input to the PMV calculator i.e. all design conditions are 22.5°C hence the room temperature will vary between 21.5°C and 23.5°C.

The PMV variance during the dry bulb control tolerance will be -0.33 to +0.33.

• Relative Humidity

The PMV calculation has been undertaken at maximum conditions, 60% RH, however this is not controlled and is a function of dehumidification by the cooling coils.

The minimum relative humidity is not controlled and by calculation we can determine the minimum level will drop to approximately 25% during winter, assuming a 60% occupancy.

The PMV variance during the high and low relative humidity periods are +0.04 to -0.15.

• Air Velocity

The air velocity effects PMV. The use of a VAV system will cause variance to the air flow and hence the PMV can be assessed at both minimum and maximum air velocity in the space.

We have assessed the air velocity as being 0.3m/s at full air flow, reducing to 0.1m/s at minimum air flow.

The PMV variance caused by the air velocity variance is -0.09 to +0.18.

3.3 Summary

Even with the worst case conditions i.e. low humidity, low air temperature and low air velocity the maximum PMV variance has been assessed as +/-0.5, well within recommendations.

ECU Building 23 Indoor Air Quality


4 Indoor Air Quality


The Sustainability Guidelines for Designers recommends a target level of 700ppm (averaged over 8 hours) for indoor CO2 concentration.

There is no calculation methodology or requirement for CFD modelling to demonstrate this target level.

4.2 Compliance Overview

The following initiatives are embedded within the mechanical services strategy to ensure design compliance and future monitoring provision of the Indoor air Quality and specifically the CO2 level within each zone and area:-

• CO2 monitoring

Each air handling system is provided with a CO2 sensor in the return air stream. The sensor provides monitoring of CO2 levels in each zone/area.

The value shall be used to alarm via the Building management system should the CO2 level increase above the 700ppm threshold.

• Outdoor Air Volume Flow Rates

Outdoor air volumetric flow rates are based upon 7.5l/s per person, which although a statutory minimum, the diversity of population (assumed) will potentially lead to an increased outdoor air per person level.

• Economy Cycle

The majority of air handling systems are provided with economy cycles, permitting the units to operate at increased levels of outdoor air, dependent upon ambient conditions. This will lead to increased levels of outdoor air provision for a large part of the year.

• Filtration Levels

Although not related to CO2 levels, increased levels of supply air filtration, namely F7, have been specified to all air handling systems.

The use of increased filtration efficiencies will have a positive impact on the indoor air quality.

ECU Building 23 Material Intensity


5 Material Intensity


The Sustainability Guidelines for Designers recommends calculation of the Embodied Energy shall be undertaken in accordance with the RMIT University procedures.

The Sustainability Guidelines for Designers quotes 2 separate figures for the benchmark target for Embodied Energy. Appendix A quotes 15.76GJ/m² and Core performance Indicator quotes the current Building 21 as the benchmark, 16.26GJ/m².

5.2 Results

The results for the embodied energy calculation have been undertaken by RBB and state an Embodied Energy of construction materials as 4.4GJ/m².

(Calculation sheet in Appendix 1)

ECU Building 23 Operational Energy Consumption


6 Operational Energy Consumption


The Sustainability Guidelines for Designers recommends calculation of operational energy consumption in accordance with NABERS/Green Star validation protocol.

WSP Lincolne Scott has undertaken an energy model using IES modelling software and has also undertaken the energy comparison using the Green Star education calculator. The energy modelling was specifically undertaken to demonstrate compliance with the Performance Requirements of Section J (BCA).

The Sustainability Guidelines for Designers document recommends an energy intensity level of between 290-320MJ/m²/pa. It is noteworthy that this target value appears to be derived from a 4.5 star base building office rating. The energy consumption used for this type of facility cannot be considered as a base building rating and it may be argued that a whole building energy target would be more appropriate.

The report notes that there is no available NABERS energy validation protocol for education buildings and as such the energy modelling has incorporated ‘typical’ standards in terms of excluding the ‘tenants’ power.

6.2 Verification Method

The objective of Section J BCA 2009 is, “to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions by efficiently using energy”. To this end, the BCA requires that a building and its services must be capable of efficient use of energy with appropriate consideration to the function, internal environment, geographic location and effects of nearby permanent structures such as topography, structures and buildings.

Under the BCA the new Building 23 is a Class 9b building and compliance with Section J can be achieved in one of three ways:

• Construction of a Deemed to Satisfy (DTS) building, or

• Verification method, JV3

In this instance, verification method JV3 was used to check compliance with Section J. JV3 requires that the proposed building and its proposed services be modeled along with the proposed building and the BCA 2009 Deemed to Satisfy services.

Compliance with Section J is achieved when the calculated energy consumption of the proposed building with the proposed services is less than the proposed building with the Deemed to Satisfy services and a stated value.

6.3 Thermal Calculation

WSP Lincolne Scott uses IES modelling software to create a three dimensional computer model of the proposed building. Input into this model is detailed information on the building including:

• Building architecture

• Room/zone/building size and volume

• Room/zone/building orientation

• Materials of constructions

ECU Building 23 Operational Energy Consumption


• Size, type and orientation of apertures (Doors and windows)

• Internal heat gain

• Schedules of occupancy and usage

• Weather file

The IES software can be used to assess the passive thermal performance of a building. Rooms and zones can be interrogated to determine the expected maximum and minimum temperature and humidity.

The IES software performs the annual energy consumption calculation for the air conditioning system.

6.4 Artificial Lighting, Lifts and Hot Water Calculation

Section J of BCA 2009 contains detailed information on how to calculate annual energy consumption for services other than the air conditioning, including artificial lighting, lifts and hot water. Information on schedules, usage rates and minimum performance levels are stated in the BCA and the stated rates or performance can be assessed against those proposed.

For each service, a calculation has been made to determine the annual energy consumption of:

• The service using the minimum levels required by the BCA, and

• The service using the proposed level.

6.5 Results

The calculated annual energy consumption using the proposed building with the deemed to satisfy services is 363 MJ/m²/annum.

The calculated annual energy consumption using the proposed building with the proposed services is 342 MJ/m²/annum. This represents a 22 MJ/m²/annum reduction in annual energy consumption or about a 6% reduction below the stated value.

The stated value, Deemed to Satisfy services result and proposed services result are shown in Table 1.

Proposed Building with Deemed to Satisfy

Services

Proposed Building with Proposed Services

Annual Energy Consumption (MJ/m2/annum)

363 342

Annual Reduction (MJ/m2/annum)

22

Percentage Reduction 6%

Table 1: Calculated Annual Energy Consumption

ECU Building 23 Greenhouse Gas Emissions


7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions

7.1 Core Performance Indicator

The Sustainability Guidelines for Designers recommends calculation of greenhouse gas emissions to be calculated using the Green Star education calculator.

The Sustainability Guidelines for Designers document recommends the development meet the conditional requirements of the Greenstar Education calculator.

7.2 Reduced Greenhouse Gas Emissions

The proposed building with the proposed services will result in reduced greenhouse emissions over the benchmark Greenstar Education building by 18.5%.

The Greenstar calculator is included in Appendix 2.

Table 2 below shows that the proposed building with the proposed services has a calculated annual reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of 460,682 kg CO2-e.1 when compared to the stated value.

Electrical Gas

Green Star benchmark building 529629 kg CO2-e 2129 kg CO2-e

Proposed Building with Proposed Services

378746 kg CO2-e 8658 kg CO2-e

Annual reduction in GHG Emissions (Proposed Building with Proposed Services against Stated Value)

144354 kg CO2-e

Percentage reduction (Proposed Building with Proposed Services against Stated Value)

27.1%

Table 2: Calculated Annual GHG emission Savings

7.3 DHWS electrical consumption

The hydraulic consultant has confirmed the DHWS electrical consumption is 53226 kWh/annum.

1 Emission factors based upon Australian Greenhouse Office, Factors and methods Workbook, Dec 2005

ECU Building 23 Water Consumption


8 Water Consumption


The Sustainability Guidelines for Designers recommends calculation of potable water consumption be calculated using the Green Star education calculator with separate provisions for stormwater calculation.

The Sustainability Guidelines for Designers document does not specify a potable water use target and the report is not aware of the target set during the design phase of the project.

The following is an extract provided by SKM Consulting Engineers with regards to the potable water usage.

8.2 Potable Water Consumption Overview

As per the BCA, if the total number of people using the building is now 360 as per the BCA consideration), the we estimate the total electrical load 53,226kWh. This is still three times your Greenstar allowance, however is this peak instantaneous load and not sustained load (not we are using instantaneous hot water units to heat water, and as such we are not continually heating water. In terms of the actual water usage allowance we confirm this will change to suit 360 people. We note the actual usage is as follows; - We have assumed approximately 200 days per year in use (taking into account 12 weeks of holidays - excluding public holidays and student free days), and assumed the average water usage person per day is in the order of 30litres. Therefore the total assumed water usage per year is: - 360 (people) x 200 (school days per year) x 30 (litres per person on average) = 2,160,000 litres or 2160kilolitres per annum - assumed usage per annum. We note the Greenstar allowance of 0.78 litres per person per day, only equates to 6.25 litres per person over an 8 hour duration. Even if every person only uses the toilet once and washes their hands (say 4.5 litre flush and 30 seconds of hand washing = 7.5litres), there will be an insufficient allowance. This also makes no allowance for any laboratory works, cleaning or any other activity within the building. Provision for metered reticulated cold water supplies to all sanitary fixtures, fittings and tap ware as required incorporating all required maintenance isolation valves to allow Client to monitor water usage (toilet blocks, cooling towers and, café – as directed by the Client).

There is no stormwater re-use. Stormwater is collected into soak wells and is allowed to recharge the aquifer.

ECU Building 23 Conclusion


9 Conclusion

Building 23 performs well in terms of energy intensity, materials intensity and reduction in Greenhouse Gas Emissions when compared to the benchmark facility.

The building has a good passive solar performance which limits cooling loads to fairly good levels, which in turn minimizes cooling load and energy requirements.

Although the building is marginally outside the energy intensity guideline of 290-320 MJ/m2/annum it is considered the building energy usage is of a good standard when compared to the benchmark models in terms of the Deemed-to-Satisfy requirements of the Building Code of Australia 2009.

The Green Star energy calculator indicates that Building 23 would score 5 points or a reduction in Greenhouse gas Emissions of 27.1% over the benchmark building. It must be noted that the Green Star Energy calculator is an indication of performance only. During a formal Green Star rating certain protocols in terms of occupancy, hours of operation, tenants lighting and power and significant other criteria are used to assess a benchmark facility.

It is suggested that the client proceed with a formal Green Star rating for the project if this information is to be used formally to distinguish this facility.

There are also a number of other factors that provide good opportunities for ongoing energy management strategies within the building, particularly a high level metering strategy and the provision of high efficiency central chilled water generation with thermal storage systems, which although not included in the calculations, will provide a campus wide reduction in energy usage.

Building 23 could be considered the benchmark building for the campus in terms of energy and materials intensity for future developments.

ECU Building 23 Appendix 1


10 APPENDIX 1



11 Appendix 2



12 Appendix 3

12.1 Summary Table

The below table is a summary of workshop discussions and outcomes with actions assigned to design team members.

Management

Ref. No.

Title No. Points Available

No. Points Targeted

Comments Action

Man-1 Green Star Accredited Professional

2 2 Lincolne Scott, GED and other design team members are Green Star Professionals. No additional cost to project; Green Star Accredited members of the design team will provide ongoing input and advice in an effort to achieve the highest possible environmental performance for the project within the project constraints of budget and existing ECU policy.

LS/All

Man-2 Commissioning Clauses 2 2 ECU expectations for a building of this nature is for contract documentation to reflect a high level of commissioning without Green Star as a driver. Suggested approach is to include comprehensive commissioning clauses in the contract documentation and assess impact at tender. Mechanical, electrical and hydraulic consultants to include in contract documentation.

LS/SKM/W&G

Man-3 Building Tuning 1 1 Similar to Man-2 ECU expectations are for ongoing building tuning requirements to be included in the contract documentation. The Green Star requirements for building tuning are above what is generally accepted as standard industry practise and it is considered that inclusion of an ongoing building tuning requirement will affect the tender result. Suggested approach is to include in contract documentation and assess impact at tender.

LS/SKM/W&G

Man-4 Independent Commissioning Agent

1 1 Generally not considered to provide significant benefit to the project. Design team members to continuously re-assess design for ability for plant and equipment to be commissioned and serviced. NS Projects to provide additional information on independent commissioning agent.

NS/LS

Man-5 Building Guides 2 2 Simple building user’s guides can be produced as appropriate for user groups. Design team to include requirement for comprehensive Operation and Maintenance Manuals and handover to client in contract documents.

All

Man-6 Environmental Management

2 1 It was considered that the implementation of a project specific EMP was becoming standard practise for contractors in Perth who are likely to tender for the project. On this basis the contract documents should include the requirement. In addition, it was considered appropriate to include in the contract documents a requirement for the contract to be ISO 14001 accredited, with response

FA



to this requirement assess at tender.

Man-7 Waste Management 2 1 It was considered that the implementation of a waste management plan was becoming standard practise for contractors in Perth who are likely to tender for the project. On this basis the contract documents should include the requirement.

FA

Man-8 NA to Education tool

Man-9 NA to Education tool

Man-10 Learning Resources 1 1 Recommended for a teaching laboratory building. Additional cost to project is difficult to determine. Simple educational displays are considered a minor cost to the project, Credit points may be able to be achieved by direct display or environmental attributes of the building to students / public. (e.g. text and markers on the floor of the foyer noting the exclusion of summer sun and the introduction of winter sun, large window to display the rain water storage pump room, access to roof mounted renewbale energy systems (PV and wind) and real time display of amount of renewable energy generated) The design team generally agreed that the display of some of the building environmental features would be able to be included in the design.

All

Man-11 Maintainability 1 1 Recommended. No additional cost to project. ECU Facilities Management officers will review documentation at all major milestones of the design.

All



Indoor Environment Quality

Ref. No.


No. Points Targeted

Comments Action

IEQ-1 Ventilation Rates 3 0 Natural ventilation is not considered appropriate in laboratory buildings. Ventilation rates can be lifted by 50% to 100% over 1668.2:1991 rates without adversely affecting energy consumption by using heat recovery systems. It was generally accepted that the building would be fully air conditioned (minus unoccupied areas, stores rooms, lobbies, etc) with the option to increase ventilation rates above the minimum prescribed rate to be explored for its own merit and not necessarily to attain the Green Star point. For example, if ventilation rates to the building or a particular part of the building can be increased with a demostrated benefit or payback to the project it should be pursued, with or without Green Star as a driver.

LS

IEQ-2 Air Change Effectiveness 2 1 It was generally accepted that standard air conditioning systems would be used for this project

with supply air delivered at ceiling level. Good ventilation practises should be adhered to, however it is unlikely that points will be achieved for this credit. LS to obtain technical manual and review with thermal model.

LS

IEQ-3 Carbon Dioxide Monitoring and Control and VOC Monitoring

1 1 The project is unlikely to achieve the 95% usable floor area requirement of Green Star however, any areas that have high occupant diversity should be fitted with controls to allow the modulation of ventilation air to suit demand. LS to continue to review as design progresses.

LS

IEQ-4 Daylight 3 0 Desire to have good passive solar performance of façade in combination with high performance

glazing is likely to result in no points for daylighting. Reduced air conditioning energy is considered to offset increase artificial lighting energy requirements.

FA/GED

IEQ-5 Thermal Comfort 3 2 PMV of between -0.5 and +0.5 should be able to be achieved in a fully air conditioned building

without additional cost to the budget; The proposed standard air conditioning solution will not diminish the ability to achieve 2 points under this credit. The design team will assess during design development (when thermal modelling will be undertaken).

LS

IEQ-6 Hazardous Materials 0 NA



IEQ-7 Internal Noise levels 2 1 Design team was advised that Green Star technical manual requires internal noise levels to be at

the "minimum" levels of the standard, not the satisfactory levels that are the standard design criteria. The ability to achieve the "minimum" levels will be assessed as the design progresses, with the "satisfactory" level prescribed in the standard considered to be ECU requirements.

GED

IEQ-8 Volatile Organic Compounds

4 4 Will need to obtain further information from technical manual to confirm specific requirements of this credit. Design team commented that a good and increasing range of products that comply with these requirements are available in the Perth market and that the requirements for this credit would be used to select and specify products for the project.

LS/FA

IEQ-9 Formaldehyde Minimisation

1 1 Design team commented that a good and increasing range of products that comply with these requirements are available in the Perth market and that the requirements for this credit would be used to select and specify products for the project.

LS/FA

IEQ-10 Mould Prevention 1 0 Design team commented that this requirement is not considered to have a benefit in the Perth

climate and unless a specific laboratory application required humidity control, no humidity control would be provided other than that control that is provided by virtue of a cooling coil. (i.e. standard air conditioning)

LS

IEQ-11 Daylight Glare Control 1 1 ECU expressed a desire to have good glare control through internal shading devices. Automation

was not necessarily a requirement however it should be considered in appropriate spaces. (e.g. not necessary for individual offices but potentially viable for larger public spaces). LS to obtain manual and determine requirements.

LS/FA

IEQ-12 High Frequency Ballasts 1 1 Credit assumed with no additional cost to budget; To be included in contract documentation. W&G

IEQ-13 Electric Light Levels 1 1 Credit assumed with no additional cost to budget; To be included in contract documentation. W&G

IEQ-14 External Views 1 1 The ability to provide external views shall be considered by the design team in conjunction with

other space planning considerations. FA



Energy

Ref. No.


No. Points Targeted

Comments Action

Ene-1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions

20 4 Assume renewable energy systems are incorporated at this stage. Based on 20% reduction on benchmarks achieved above, the minimum on site generation to achieve additional points is approx 1,400 kWh/a. This can be achieved using a 1kWp PV array and a 1.6 kWp horizontal axis wind turbine. ECU advised that incorporation of renewable energy systems into the project should be undertaken for sound and demonstratable economic and energy generation reasons, not necessarily just to achieve Green Star points. LS to review potential once thermal model is complete at end of SD phase.

LS

Ene-2 Energy Sub-metering 1 1 ECU expressed their desire to submeter all major energy users. To be included in contract

documents. LS/SKM/W&G

Ene-3 Peak Energy Demand Reduction

2 1 Will need to obtain further information from technical manual to confirm specific requirements of this credit. Use of heat recovery of HVAC systems and the use of site chilled water storage systems may qualify for 1 or 2 points. Master planning for the Joondalup campus is current underway with the current chilled water storage tanks potential for peak energy demand reduction to be fully exploited. (and if possible expanded). It is not envisage that any additional peak energy demand infrastructure, such as on-site or co-generation will be viable on this project. LS to obtain manual and determine if site chilled water storage system satisfies requirement.

LS

Ene-4 Lighting Zoning 1 1 ECU expressed their desire for lighting to be zone controlled. To be included in contract

documents. W&G

Ene-5 NA to Education tool

Ene-6 NA to Education tool

Ene-7 Unoccupied Areas 2 2 ECU expressed their desire to minimise the air conditioning of un-occupied areas. The design

team advised that motion sensors can be installed in spaces to initiate a controls dead-band when spaces become un-occupied (within schedule run times) to save energy. To be included in the contract documents.

LS



Ene-8 Stairs 1 1 Credit assumed with no additional cost to budget; The ability to incorporate highly visable stairs

shall be considered by the design team in conjunction with other space planning considerations. FA

Ene-9 Efficient External Lighting 1 1 Subject to a review of ECU lighting standards, the requirements of this credit should be capable of

being incorporated into the design. At this stage to be included in the contract documents. W&G

Ene-10 Shared Energy Systems 1 1 Design team to further investigate, however the decision on the size and location of new chillers

and boilers will be driven be financial and energy saving parameters rather than Green Star requirements. LS to obtain manual and determine if site chilled water system satisfies requirements.

LS



Transport

Ref. No.


No. Points Targeted

Comments Action

Tra-1 Provision of Car Parking 2 2 ECU and design team commented that the new building would be taking up some area that is current car parking with there being no requirement at this stage to make allowance for those lost car bays. To be reviewed as design progresses with input from ECU transport consultant.

FA/ECU

Tra-2 Fuel Efficient Transport 1 1 ECU commented that is was possible to nominate a certain percentage of parking bays as small

car bays as prescribed by Green Star. To be reviewed as design progresses with input from ECU transport consultant.

FA/ECU

Tra-3 Cyclist Facilities 4 1 ECU commented that the requirement for cyclist end of trip facilities on this building should be

considered in the context of the whole campus, as existing facilites are currently provided in nearby buildings. The quantity of showers, changerooms and bi-cycle storage spaces will be assess as the design progresses with input from the ECU transport consultant.

FA/ECU

Tra-4 Commuting Mass Transport

5 3 ECU and design team are cognisant of the importance of public transport arrangements around campus. Existing transport routes through and adjacent to the affect area shall be maintenance or enhanced. To be re-assessed as the design progresses with input from the ECU transport consultant.

LS/ECU

Tra-5 NA to Education tool

Tra-6 Transport Design and Planning

1 1 ECU stated that there is an existing transport consultant engage to undertake work on the Joondalup campus. Their current scope of engagement may not necessarily satisfy the Green Star requirements, however the project (and campus) would benefit from the current engagement which addresses much of the intent of the credit. ECU to provide further instruction.

ECU



Water

Ref. No.


No. Points Targeted

Comments Action

Wat-1 Occupant Amenity Water 5 5 ECU and design team commented that a grey water system was considered to be not viable on this project. The collection of rain water for the flushing of toilets and urinals however was considered viable and it should be included in the project as the design progresses, with a re-assessment of viability to be conducted once a water balance calculation can be conducted. High / highest efficiency WELS rated water fixtures to be selected and specified through the project with ECU facilities management review / input.

SKM

Wat-2 Water Meters 1 1 ECU expressed their desire to submeter all major water users. To be included in contract

documents. SKM

Wat-3 Landscape Irrigation 3 1 Subsoil irrigation systems are considered viable for the project in conjunction with the planting of

native species for landscaping. To be included in contract documents. LP

Wat-4 Heat Rejection Water 4 0 Water based heat rejection systems have higher coefficients of performance than air based heat

rejection systems. Energy efficiency criteria will be used as the basis for system selection and therefore points under this credit are unlikely.

LS

Wat-5 Fire Water Systems 1 1 Design team commented that the intent of this credit should be capable of being incorporated into

the design. To be assessed once the scope of wet fire systems is known. FA/LS

Wat-6 Potable Water Use in Laboratories

2 2 Design team commented that any process cooling water required for laboratory equipment would be achieved through plate heat exchangers with the campus chilled water system. The requirements of this credit are therefore able to be achieved.

LS



Materials

Ref. No.


No. Points Targeted

Comments Action

Mat-1 Recycling Waste Storage 2 1 ECU commented that space should be allocated for recycling waste bins. The exact requirements should meet ECU current and future recycling programs not necessarily the requirements for this Green Star credit. To be confirmed as the design progresses and included in the contract documents.

FA

Mat-2 Building Reuse 0 NA

Mat-3 Recycled Content and Reused Products and Materials

1 0 Difficult to achieve given the poor availability of recycled materials in Perth. Can investigate further if required. ECU and design team commented that these requirements were difficult to achieve and that they would not necessarily be pursued on this project.

LS

Mat-4 Concrete 3 1 Assume 1 point at this stage based upon 30% reduction in Portland cement with substitution using

industrial slag. Not considered to have a direct materials cost impact, however concrete curing times may affect budget due to extension in the construction programme. Design team commented that points for this credit are most likely to be achieved using industrial slag in place of Portland cement. The extent to which this can be achieved will be assessed as the design progresses and were viable, included in the contract documents.

BG&E

Mat-5 Steel 2 0 Difficult to achieve given the poor availability of recycled materials in Perth. Can investigate further

if required. ECU and design team commented that these requirements were difficult to achieve and that they would not necessarily be pursued on this project.

LS/BG&E

Mat-6 PVC Minimisation 2 1 Assume 1 point at this stage based upon 30% reduction in PVC content using HDPE for plumbing

pipework. Will need to obtain technical manual to determine specific requirements and whether additional points are achievable. Not considered to have an impact on the budget. Design team commented that PVC is indeed recyclable and that the product(s) ultimately selected on the project are likely to have been selected for criteria other than compliance with the Green Star requirements. SKM to provide further advice on recyclable PVC and issues with working with HDPE.

SKM



Mat-7 Sustainable Timber 2 1 Design team commented that a good and increasing range of products that comply with these

requirements are available in the Perth market and that the requirements for this credit would be used to select and specify products for the project.

FA

Mat-8 Design for Disassembly 1 0 Design team commented that this credit was not necessarily in keeping with the Universities

position as a long term building owner. The requirements of this credit are considered not viable for this project.

LS

Mat-9 Dematerialisation 1 0 The ability to meet the requirements of this credit will be assessed as the design progresses. LS to

obtain technical manual and circulate credit requirements to design team for thoughts and ideas. LS

Mat-10 NA to Education tool

Mat-11 Flooring 3 2 Design team commented that a good and increasing range of products that comply with these


FA

Mat-12 Joinery 1 1 Design team commented that a good and increasing range of products that comply with these


FA

Mat-13 Loose Furniture 3 1 Design team commented that a good and increasing range of products that comply with these


FA



Land Use and Ecology

Ref. No.


No. Points Targeted

Comments Action

Eco-1 Topsoil 1 1 Design team commented that the requirements of this credit should be achievable. To be included in the contract documents.

BG&E

Eco-2 Reuse of land 1 1 ECU commented that there is no native bushland displaced / lost by the project and therefore the

intent of the credit is achieved. It is not intended to replace the lost carbays. LS/FA

Eco-3 Reclaim Contaminated Land

0 NA Geotech report to confirm soil analysis. BG&E/FA

Eco-4 Ecological Value of Site 4 1 Any native landscaping removed as part of the project will be replanted to suit the revised layout.

To be included in the contract documents. Landscape architect to include in contract documents. LP



Emissions

Ref. No.


No. Points Targeted

Comments Action

Emi-1 Refrigerant ODP 1 1 1 point assume at this stage with technical manual required to confirm if central chiller plant is included or excluded in credit assessment. Any new refrigeration systems for IT rooms or coolrooms can be selected to have a zero ODP. No additional cost to budget. Design team commented that any refrigerants selected for the project would be selected to meet the requirements of this credit. To be included in the contract documents.

LS

Emi-2 Refrigerant GWP 2 0 Design team commented that this credit was not viable on this project with existing central energy

systems (site chilled water systems) being a major determinant in the style and arrangement of future expansion and therefore refrigerant selection.

LS

Emi-3 Refrigerant Leaks 2 1 Will need to obtain technical manual to assess if central chiller can be included in the credit. If so, a

retrofit of systems to detect and automatically recover refrigerant can be included. ECU advised that the central plant building that houses the chillers is fitted with an existing refrigerant leak system. Provision of an automatic recovery system will be reviewed as the design and master plan progress. LS to review current installation.

LS/ECU

Emi-4 Insulant ODP 1 1 Design team commented that a good and increasing range of products that comply with these


FA/LS/SKM

Emi-5 Watercourse pollution 3 3 Design team commented that current standard Western Australian treatment of storm water was

likely to achieve the requirements of this credit. To be included in the contract documents. SKM

Emi-6 Discharge to Sewer 3 0 ECU and design team consider a grey water system to be not viable for this project. Even a small

domestic style grey water system to allow demostration of the concept is unlikely to meet the requirements of this credit. That said, a grey water system may be suitable as a educational demonstation tool only. ECU and design team commented that a black water system for the project is considered to be not viable.

SKM

Emi-7 Light Pollution 1 1 ECU and design team consider the requirements of this credit to be achievable. To be included in

the contract documents. W&G

Emi-8 Legionella 1 0 Water based heat rejection systems will be used on this project. Water based heat rejection

systems have higher coefficients of performance than air based heat rejection systems. Energy efficiency criteria will be used as the basis for system selection and therefore points under this credit are unlikley.

LS



12.2 Points Summary

Category Title Credit No. Points Avail.

Points Target

ed

Management

Green Star Accredited Professional Man-1 2 2

Commissioning - Clauses Man-2 2 2

Building Tuning Man-3 1 1

Independent Commissioning Agent Man-4 1 1

Building Guides Man-5 2 2

Environmental Management Man-6 2 1

Waste Management Man-7 2 1

Learning Resources Man-10 1 1

Maintainability Man-11 1 1

TOTAL 14 12

Indoor Environment Quality

Ventilation Rates IEQ-1 3 0

Air Change Effectiveness IEQ-2 2 1

Carbon Dioxide Monitoring and Control and VOC Monitoring IEQ-3 1 1

Daylight IEQ-4 3 0

Thermal Comfort IEQ-5 3 2

Hazardous Materials IEQ-6 0 na

Internal Noise Levels IEQ-7 2 1

Volatile Organic Compounds IEQ-8 4 4

Formaldehyde Minimisation IEQ-9 1 1

Mould Prevention IEQ-10 1 0

Daylight Glare Control IEQ-11 1 1

High Frequency Ballasts IEQ-12 1 1

Electric Lighting Levels IEQ-13 1 1

External Views IEQ-14 1 1

TOTAL 24 16

Energy

Conditional Requirement Ene- Cond. Yes

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Ene-1 20 4

Energy Sub-metering Ene-2 1 1

Peak Energy Demand Reduction Ene-3 2 1

Lighting Zoning Ene-4 1 1

Unoccupied Areas Ene-7 2 2

Stairs Ene-8 1 1

Efficient External Lighting Ene-9 1 1

Shared Energy Systems Ene-10 1 1

TOTAL 29 12

Transport

Provision of Car Parking Tra-1 2 2

Fuel Efficient Transport Tra-2 1 1

Cyclist Facilities Tra-3 4 1

Commuting Mass Transport Tra-4 5 3

Transport Design and Planning Tra-6 1 1

TOTAL 13 8

Water



Occupant Amenity Water Wat-1 5 5

Water Meters Wat-2 1 1

Landscape Irrigation Wat-3 3 1

Heat Rejection Water Wat-4 4 0

Fire System Water Wat-5 1 1

Potable Water Use in Laboratories Wat-6 2 2

TOTAL 16 10

Materials

Recycling Waste Storage Mat-1 2 1

Building Reuse Mat-2 0 na

Recycled Content & Re-used Products and Materials Mat-3 1 0

Concrete Mat-4 3 1

Steel Mat-5 2 0

PVC Minimisation Mat-6 2 0

Sustainable Timber Mat-7 2 1

Design for Disassembly Mat-8 1 0

Dematerialisation Mat-9 1 0

Flooring Mat-11 3 2

Joinery Mat-12 1 1

Loose Furniture Mat-13 3 1

TOTAL 21 7

Land Use & Ecology

Conditional Requirement Eco - Cond. Yes

Topsoil Eco-1 1 1

Reuse of Land Eco-2 1 1

Reclaimed Contaminated Land Eco-3 0 na

Ecological Value of Site Eco-4 4 1

TOTAL 6 3

Emissions

Refrigerant ODP Emi-1 1 1

Refrigerant GWP Emi-2 2 0

Refrigerant Leaks Emi-3 2 1

Insulant ODP Emi-4 1 1

Watercourse Pollution Emi-5 3 3

Discharge to Sewer Emi-6 3 0

Light Pollution Emi-7 1 1

Legionella Emi-8 1 0

TOTAL 14 7

Innovation

Innovative Strategies & Technologies Inn-1 0

Exceeding Green Star Benchmarks Inn-2 0

Exceeding Green Star Scope Inn-3

5

0

TOTAL 5 0

Total Weighted points 55



13 Appendix 4

13.1 Additional Environmental Initiatives

The following is a list of additional environmental initiatives that are considered viable on this project. These initiatives are outside of, or are not specifically recognised by the Green Star rating tool. Each initiative will be assessed on an ongoing basis as the design progresses.

Ref. No.

Title Description / Comment Action

1 End Plantrooms End of floor plate, floor-by-floor plantrooms on a predominantly North-South facing building insulate the occupied spaces from early morning and late afternoon summer sun, helping to reduce peak cooling loads. The remainder of the façade is then left available for good passive solar design. Floor-by-floor plantrooms help to reduce ductwork runs and therefore the resistance and energy usage for ventilation air. They can also help to improve the passive fire resistance of the building by reducing the requirement for large service risers through the building.

FA / LS

2 Natural ventilation to atrium

Good passive solar design to the atrium which incorporates natural ventilation louvers controlled via a building specific or site weather station should be capable of providing thermal comfort without the requirement for active heating and cooling systems. i.e. purely passive.

FA / LS

3 Passive Facade Proper attention to façade materials such as glazing performance to provide appropriate levels of direct solar gain for passive heating, yet insulating against excessive heat gain from high ambients

FA / LS

4 Display Plantrooms

Mechanical, hydraulic and electrical services plantrooms can be design with the appropriate levels of safety to allow students to study real-life working equipment installed in these plantrooms. Plantrooms can be designed to allow teachers and students to stand comfortably within the plantroom while systems are running. Safety barriers can be constructed if high risk items cannot be isolated. Instruments and gauges can be provided along with real time digital displays of the equipment performance to demonstrate to students the changing performance of equipment during changes in occupancy, use and weather conditions.

FA / LS

5 Solar collecting roof

The roof level of the southern wing can be utilised as the “solar collector” for the renewable energy research program. Providing an open concrete deck in this location will allow photovoltaic and solar thermal collectors to be installed on support grids that be easily changed in size, orientation and inclination. Small scale wind turbines can also be installed from this area with increased hub heights achieved if support poles can be lowered and raised from the deck. All energy generated via the roof mounted renewable energy systems can be relayed live and with rolling totals to an LCD display at ground level for education purposes.

FA / LS

6 Natural daylighting

Location of offices on building perimeter to provide external views and natural daylighting. This allows the building to tap into the productivity increases that these two elements have been measured to provide in office environments. Staff, student and researcher productivity increases should be a significant issue for the University.

FA / GED



7 Cold water only to toilets

Provide cold water only to hand basins in toilets. (Hot water to showers generated from solar hot water systems)

FA / SKM

8 Variable volume fume cupboards

Use of variable volume fume cupboards to reduce exhaust air volume and air conditioning make-up air requirement

LS

9 Heat recovery to HVAC design

Use of heat recovery systems on laboratory areas with high rates of ventilation

LS

10 Air tight construction

Consideration to construction of labs that require negative or positive pressure to minimise the leakage rate and therefore the energy wasted in over exhausting spaces to achieve the required neg / pos pressure.

FA / LS

11 Durable construction

Consideration to the materials of construction to provide a core structure (and external facade) that will last beyond the standard building life cycle (say 40 years extended to 100 years). Fitout of floor spaces to be lightweight which provides flexibility and minimises material usage due to churn

FA

12 Location of area with high rates of churn

Locate high technology laboratory equipment such as microscopes in areas that can be easily accessed for replacement or upgrade as the technology is superseded every 5 to 10 years to minimise material wastage.

FA

13 Services zones Consideration of a stratified services zone over highly services areas such as laboratories to minimise clashes and therefore materials wastage. This approach also provides good flexibility for future modifications.

FA/LS/SKM/WG

14 Transport networks

Link building with the existing transport networks; pedestrian paths, and cycle paths

FA

client edith cowan university ferguson architects · per0814100.0.3.pct.100603 - sustainability...

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