Administering the Public Good from WithoutCivil Society and Public Administration

Sheila Lo DingcongPA 208

Civil society is the "aggregate of non-governmental organizations and institutions that manifest interests and will of citizens (operating within the framework of law)." Civil society referred to as the "third sector" of society, is distinct from government and business. (Wikipedia)

Civil Society

Civil Society (Carino, 1999)•Consists of the complex of citizens and

groups outside government but working in the public arena. It is sometimes called by other names, such as nongovernment organizations (NGOs), or the nonprofit or voluntary sector.

Civil Society (Carino, 1999)•Attempts to represent the interests of the

inarticulate and the excluded even as they endeavor to organize them so that they may raise their own voices on social issues and exercise their own power over themselves and the collective life of the nation.

•They get involved in governance to the extent that they contest the power of the state or show alternative ways of service provision and policy formulation.

Governance Model

http://image.slidesharecdn.com/goodgovernance-101220234830-phpapp01/95/good-governance-origin-concepts-and-components-8-728.jpg?cb=1292889590

The exercise of authority is uppermost in government and remains significant in governance, but is no longer its single focus. This is because the power in governance is not so much wielded as shared, and authority is defined not so much by the control of the ruler as by the consent and participation of the governed (Carino, 1999).

Institutionalizing Governance•1987 Constitution

▫Art II Sec 23 expressly provides that “The State shall encourage non-governmental, community-based or sectoral organizations that promote welfare of the nation.”

▫Article XIII on Social Justice and Human Rights, “Section 15. The State shall respect the role of independent people’s organizations to enable the people to pursue and protect, within the democratic framework, their legitimate and collective interests and aspirations through peaceful and lawful means.”

•Local Government Code▫Chapter 4. Relations with People’s and

Nongovernmental Organizations. Section 34. Role of People’s and

Nongovernmental Organizations Section 35. Linkages with People’s and

Nongovernmental Organizations. Section 36. Assistance to People’s and

Nongovernmental Organizations.

•Philippine Development Plan 2011-2016▫Citizens’ participation has been one of the

strengths of Philippine governance. Partnerships between government and CSOs facilitate the promotion of good governance.

▫The government also partners with CSOs in promoting transparency, accountability and public participation in the preparation, authorization, execution and monitoring of the national budget. These efforts must be sustained and, in some cases, deepened.

7 Phases in the Evolution of Philippine NGOs (Alegre, 1996 as cited in Alfiler, 1999)• Pre-1965 – Antecedents of NGOs• 1965-1972 – Social Activism• 1972-1978 – Political Repression under Martial

Rule• 1978-1983 – Expansion Phase• 1983-1986 – NGO and the Mass Movement• 1986-1992 – Painful Transition• 1992-1996 – Maturation and Renewal-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

• 1996-2001 – Global CSO and Tactical Alliances with Govt• 2001-2010 – Professionalization and Mainstreaming• 2010-2016 – Cooptation and Cross-over

Categorization of CSOs (David, 1998)•NGIs – non-government individuals•Membership-based organizations

▫PACO – professional, academic, civic orgs▫PO – people’s organization

GRIPO – government-run/initiated POs GUAPO – genuine, autonomous POs

•Institutions and Agencies▫DJANGOs - development, justice, advocacy

NGOs▫TANGOs – traditional NGOs▫FUNDANGOs – funding agency NGOs▫MUNGOs – mutant NGOs

Categorization of CSOs (David, 1998)•MUNGOs – mutant NGOs

▫GRINGOs – government-run/initiated NGOs

▫BONGOs – business-organized NGOs

▫COME N’GOs – NGO entrepreneurs

•Ideological Forces – alternative ideological paradigms

The Partylist System•An institutionalized mechanism of integrating

CSO within the government bureaucracy•The Party-List System enables marginalized

underrepresented sectors and small parties to truly participate in elections and obtain representation in the House of Representatives

•It decentralizes power from established Political Parties that traditionally dominate Congress.

•Started in 1998▫ APEC, ABA, Alagad, VFP, PROMDI, AKO, NCSFO, Abanse!Pinay,

Akbayan, Butil, Sanlakas, Coop NATCCO, Cocofed, Senior Citizens

Integration in Government•NGIs appointed in key government posts•NGIs join elections for regular posts•Ex-women and men become part of the

campaign machinery of rich government officials and as part of the staff (from LGUs to Senate)

Maraming salamatat marami akong

natutunan sa inyong lahat!