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CITY OF LONDON

ARBORIST REPORT AND TREE PROTECTION PLAN

ADELAIDE STREET GRADE SEPARATION CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSEMENT

JULY 18, 2018

DRAFT

WSP Canada Inc.

ARBORIST REPORT AND TREE PROTECTION PLAN

ADELAIDE STREET NORTH GRADE SEPARATION, CITY OF LONDON

CITY OF LONDON

DRAFT

PROJECT NO.: 16M-01395-01

DATE: JULY 18, 2018

WSP

UNIT 2

126 DON HILLOCK DRIVE

AURORA, ON, CANADA L4G 0G9

T: +1 905 750-3080

F: +1 905 727-0463

WSP.COM

WSP Canada Inc.

Unit 2

126 Don Hillock Drive

Aurora, ON, Canada L4G 0G9

T: +1 905 750-3080

F: +1 905 727-0463

wsp.com

July 18, 2018

DRAFT

Attention: Cindi Rowan, MLA, OALA, APALA, CSLA Manager, Landscape Architecture and Urban Design

Subject: Arborist Report and Tree Protection Plan Adelaide Street N. Reconstruction, City of London

WSP Canada Group Limited (WSP) is pleased to provide you with this Arborist Report and Tree Protection Plan in support of the City of London Adelaide Street Class Environmental Assessment study.

The report provides the results of the inventory of trees within 6 m of the planned grade separation that may be impacted as a result of the preliminary proposed design.

The arborist report provides an initial review of potential impacts and preliminary tree protection requirements in support of the Class EA and preliminary design.

A final tree protection plan will be produced during a future detailed design phase, based on the final design.

Thank you for the opportunity to complete this assignment. Please contact the undersigned with any questions or comments.

Yours truly,

Dan Reeves, M.Sc. Project Biologist, ISA Certified Arborist ON - 1599A WMB/nah WSP ref.: 16M-01395-01 H:\Proj\16\16M-01395-01\Wp\Adelaide Street N_Arborist Report and TPP_WMB_DJR.docx

Arborist Report and Tree Protection Plan Project No. 16M-01395-01 City of London

WSP July 2018

Page ii

S I G N A T U R E S

PREPARED BY

Whitney Black, B.Sc., (Hons)

Ecologist, ISA Certified Arborist ON-2146A

REVIEWED BY

Dan Reeves, M.Sc.

Project Biologist, ISA Certified Arborist ON-1599A

This report was prepared by WSP Canada Group Limited for the account of City of London, in accordance with the professional services agreement. The disclosure of any information contained in this report is the sole responsibility of the intended recipient. The material in it reflects WSP Canada Group Limited’s best judgement in light of the information available to it at the time of preparation. Any use which a third party makes of this report, or any reliance on or decisions to be made based on it, are the responsibility of such third parties. WSP Canada Group Limited accepts no responsibility for damages, if any, suffered by any third party as a result of decisions made or actions based on this report. This limitations statement is considered part of this report.

The original of the technology-based document sent herewith has been authenticated and will be retained by WSP Canada Group Limited for a minimum of ten years. Since the file transmitted is now out of WSP Canada Group Limited’s control and its integrity can no longer be ensured, no guarantee may be given with regards to any modifications made to this document.


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1 INTRODUCTION ............................................. 2

2 STUDY METHODOLOGY ............................... 2

3 LOCATION OF THE TREES ........................... 2

4 TREE INVENTORY ......................................... 3

5 TREE PROTECTION AND REMOVAL PLAN . 4

5.1 Trees to be Removed .................................................... 4

5.1.1 CFIA Directive (D-03-08): Phytosanitary Requirements to Prevent the

Introduction Into and Spread within Canada of the Emerald Ash Borer,

Agrilus planipennis (Fairmaire) ............................................................... 4

5.2 Trees to be Retained ..................................................... 4

5.2.1 General Protection and Preservation Methods...................................... 5

5.2.2 Pruning Practices .................................................................................... 5

5.2.3 Specific Preservation Methods ............................................................... 6

6 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS .................. 6

7 CLOSURE ....................................................... 7

8 LITERATURE CITED ...................................... 8

TABLES

TABLE 1 TREES WITHIN THE STUDY AREA ... 3

FIGURES

FIGURES 1-3 TREE PROTECTION PLAN

APPENDICES

A TREE INVENTORY


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1 INTRODUCTION WSP Canada Group Limited was retained to complete an Arborist Report and Tree Protection Plan in support of a reconstruction project along Adelaide Street North from McMahen Street to 30 m south of Central Avenue, London, Ontario.

This report is based on the results of an inventory of trees within 6 m of the project with the potential to be impacted by disturbances associated with the reconstruction of the road which are confined. Due to the unavoidable encroachment into the designated tree protection zones of trees within the vicinity of the construction area, an arborist report has been completed along with the tree protection plan to address potential impacts to trees.

2 STUDY METHODOLOGY An inventory was completed on February 28, 2018 for trees within 6 m of planned grade separation that may be impacted as a result of the preliminary proposed design. The following information was obtained for each tree:

— Tree number;

— Tree species (common and scientific names – genus and species);

— Diameter at breast height (DBH);

— Tree condition (structure and vigour);

— GOOD - dead branches less than 10%; signs of good compartmentalization on any wounds, no structural defects.

— FAIR – 10-30% dead branches, size or occurrence of wounds present some concerns, minor structural defects.

— POOR – more than 30% dead branches, weak compartmentalization, early leaf drop, presence of insects or disease, major structural defects.

— DEAD – tree shows no signs of life.

— Evidence of insect or fungal infection;

— Evaluation of the dripline;

— General comments including structural integrity, significant lean, etc.; and,

— A picture of the tree for reference records.

The results from the tree inventory were used to create a tree protection plan (TPP), which identifies and details tree protection methodology. As part of this plan, the tree protection zone (TPZ) for each tree is identified based on accepted minimum distances for trees in areas protected as specified within the City of London Tree Protection By-law C.P.-1515(a)-270 (2016). The TPP includes details on the appropriate use of the TPZ, tree protection fencing, and general notes on best management practices. This arborist report provides recommendations for appropriate treatment of trees that will be retained and protected, but may suffer injury due to encroachment into their respective TPZs.

3 LOCATION OF THE TREES The study area includes the area within 6 m of the planned grade separation that may be impacted as a result of the preliminary proposed design. The review area extended along the east and west sides of Adelaide Street from McMahen Street to 30 m south of Central Avenue. The specific location of each tree is represented on the Tree Inventory and Preservation Plan (Figures 1-3).


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4 TREE INVENTORY A total of 59 trees were inventoried, 39 trees were municipal trees situated within McMahen Park and the City road allowance, adjacent to the study area. The remaining 20 trees are situated on private property. Within the study area, 16 tree species or varieties were inventoried (Table 1).

Table 1 Trees within the Study Area

COMMON NAME LATIN NAME NUMBER OF

TREES

Black Locust Robinia pseudoacacia 1

Chanticleer Pear Pyrus calleryana (Chanticleer) 12

Colorado Spruce Picea pungens 2

Common Hackberry Celtis occidentalis 2

Hedge Maple Acer campestre 1

Honey Locust (thornless) Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis 1

Kentucky Coffeetree Gymnocladus dioicus 1

Little Leaf Linden Tilia cordata 6

Manitoba Maple Acer negundo 9

Norway Maple Acer platinoides 13

Red Maple Acer rubrum 1

Silver Maple Acer saccharinum 3

Sugar Maple Acer saccharum 1

White Ash Fraxinus americana 3

White Birch Betula papyrifera 1

White Mulberry Morus alba 1

Totals 59

Of the 59 trees inventoried in terms of overall structure and vigour, 32 (54%) were evaluated to be in good condition, and 27 (46%) in good- fair condition. Refer to Figures 1-2 and Appendix A for results of the tree inventory.


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5 TREE PROTECTION AND REMOVAL

PLAN

5.1 TREES TO BE REMOVED

A total of 44 trees (Trees #1001-1003, 1006-1015, 1016-1019, 1020-1024, 1026-1037, P01, P02, P04-P06 and approximately five trees within TG1) will be impacted by the grade separation, based on the preliminary design. These 44 trees are identified on the Tree Preservation Plan (Figures 1-2).

The findings reported in this section are subject to review and confirmation during the future detailed design phase, based on the final design.

5.1.1 CFIA DIRECTIVE (D-03-08): PHYTOSANITARY REQUIREMENTS TO

PREVENT THE INTRODUCTION INTO AND SPREAD WITHIN CANADA OF

THE EMERALD ASH BORER, AGRILUS PLANIPENNIS (FAIRMAIRE)

The Canadian Food Inspection Agency issues a prohibition of movement where the emerald ash borer (EAB) has been confirmed. EAB has been found in London and therefore has been identified as part of the EAB Regulated Area encompassing most of southern and central Ontario and western Quebec. The study area is within identified areas prohibiting the movement of regulated materials (including but not limited to ash wood or bark and ash wood chips or bark chips) from the regulated area.

Ash trees were observed within the limits of work. A visual assessment confirmed the presence of Emerald Ash Borer within these trees. These trees are permitted to be either chipped on site and/ or cut down and removed from site. Chipped Ash material that is to remain on site must be grinded or chipped to a size of less than two and a half (2.5) cm in any two (2) dimensions. All Ash material chipped or whole that is removed from site, must be disposed of within the regulated area of Canada. Removal, disposal and treatment of Ash material must be in compliance with Appendix 5 & 6 of directive #D-03-08. If it is necessary for Ash materials to be disposed of outside of this area than a ‘Movement Certificate’ will be required from the CFIA prior to transport. Contractor to consult with CFIA London office for specific requirements (1200 Commissioners Road Unit 19, London, Ontario, N5Z 4R3, (519)-691-1300).

5.2 TREES TO BE RETAINED

The area of disturbance associated with the proposed road reconstruction is outside the minimum Tree Protection Zones of eight of the surveyed trees (Trees #1038-1041 and approximately four trees within TG1), and are not considered to have the potential for impact. In these instances, tree protection fencing has been proposed within the working area to protect their TPZ, which should not impinge on construction movement due to the overall surrounding width of the work area.

These eight trees to be retained will not require specific preservation methods, but should receive general preservation methods as described in the following section. Trees to be retained are shown on Figures 1-2.


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5.2.1 GENERAL PROTECTION AND PRESERVATION METHODS

General protection and preservation methods are described on Figures 3: Tree Protection Plan and follow the best management practices as outlined in the City of London Protection By-law C.P.-151-228 (2016) and the City of London Design Specifications & Requirements Manual (2015). In addition to the measures indicated on Figure 3, the following should also be implemented:

— Signs indicating “TREE PROTECTION ZONE (TPZ)” should be mounted at as appropriate (towards construction activity) and at regular intervals (about 15 m) along the Tree Protection fence. These signs should be a minimum of 40 cm x 60 cm white gator board or similar. Additional information on the signs should include “No grade change, storage, of materials or equipment is permitted within this TPZ. Tree Protection barrier must not be moved or altered in any way without written authorization from the City. For information call the City of London at (519) 661-2500 ext. A template is provided in the City of London Design Specifications & Requirements Manual (2015).

— Tree protection fencing should be plywood or t-post barriers, orange construction fencing, 1.2 m high, supported by 2” x 4” braces on the outside of the TPZ, as per the City of London Tree Preservations Details within the City of London Design Specifications & Requirements Manual (2015).

— To avoid soil compaction, machinery operation is to stay within the work area and avoid the areas delineated by the tree protection fencing.

5.2.2 PRUNING PRACTICES

— All limbs damaged or broken during the course of construction should be pruned cleanly in accordance with approved horticultural practices. All pruning cuts should be made to a growing point such as bud, twig or branch, cut just outside the branch collar (the swollen area at the base of the branch that sometimes has a bark ridge) and perpendicular to the branch being pruned rather than as close to the trunk as possible. This minimizes the site of the wound. No stubs should be left.

— Any branches that overhang the work area and require pruning are to be pruned using good arboricultural practices utilizing by-pass secateurs in accordance with approved horticultural practices and/or American National Standard (ANSI) A300 (Part 1)- 2008 Pruning.

— The Contractor must report immediately any damage to trees such as broken limbs, damage to roots, or wounds to the main trunk or stem systems so that the damage can be assessed immediately.

— During excavation operations in which the root area is affected, all exposed roots are to be pruned cleanly using acceptable arboricultural practices. Pruned root ends are to be neatly and squarely trimmed and the area is to be backfilled with clean native fill as soon as possible to prevent desiccation and promote root growth. The exposed roots should not be allowed to dry out. Watering of the roots should be discussed with consulting arborist and Contractor shall discuss watering of the roots prior to pruning to ensure that optimum soil moisture during construction and backfilling operations.

Tree roots should not be excavated within the critical structural rooting area. This is the minimum area of the root system necessary to maintain vitality or stability of the tree. Typically, this area extends to the dripline of the tree. The severing of one root can cause approximately 5-20% loss of the root system. A reduction of this area by greater than 30% can pose stability concerns for the tree.


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5.2.3 SPECIFIC PRESERVATION METHODS

The work area required for grade separation will encroach into the defined Tree Protection Zones of seven trees (Trees #1004-1005, three trees within TG2, P03 and P07). The majority of the TPZs of these trees are beyond the influence of the project or within the work area, where tree protection fencing is recommended (Figures 1 and 2). Overall, these trees are in Good-Fair condition and given that encroachment into the TPZs is limited to approximately 20% or below, impacts are not expected to be significant or lasting. It is believed that these seven trees can be retained and protected in place with the following preservation methods:

PRE-CONSTRUCTION

— Tree protection fencing for these trees should be placed as near the edge of construction as possible. Alternatively, construction along the tree protection fencing that defines these trees should be limited to the extent necessary.

— Prune low branches near trunk if they can be injured by machinery. If possible, tree protection fence may be used to move these branches away from the construction zone without injury or need for pruning.

— Should construction be required within the TPZ area not protected by fencing, an exploratory dig should be made using a low water pressure hydro-vac method in the presence of a qualified arborist and pruned using acceptable arboricultural techniques i.e. pruning saw or by-pass secateurs (hand pruners) to make a clean cut of the roots if digging goes into the root system. The dig should expose the upper 5 – 10 cm of soil to assess root condition. Immediately after root pruning, put mulch over exposed root and water soil if needed to maintain moisture.

— Should roots, and in particular structural roots >5 cm in diameter be found within the construction area, the qualified arborist should make a clean cut of those roots.

CONSTRUCTION

— If there is any lag time between construction and soil replacement, exposed root areas should be covered in 5 to 10 cm of mulch and kept moist.

— Mulch should be removed only when site restoration occurs.

POST-CONSTRUCTION

— Replacement soil should be contaminant and weed-free topsoil.

— Replacement soil should be watered during summer dry periods to maintain moisture.

6 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Trees within the study area were inventoried to optimize tree protection during the construction of the grade separation. This Tree Protection Plan was created using the best management practices outlined in the City of London Tree Protection By-law C.P.-1515-228 (2016). Of the 59 trees inventoried, a total of 44 must be removed as they were within or in close proximity to the grade separation. Eight (8) trees are to be retained and protected using the general preservation methods outlined, namely protection of the designated TPZ and installation of tree protection fencing. An additional seven (7) trees can be preserved using more specific preservation methods, as outlined above. This Arborist Report and Tree Protection Plan minimizes the number of trees that are to be removed and provides recommended actions to protect and retain the maximum number of trees in good condition.


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7 CLOSURE This report has been prepared by WSP Canada Group Limited. The assessment represents the

conditions at the Site only at the time of the assessment, and is based on the information referenced and

contained in this report. WSP Group Limited attests that to the best of our knowledge, the information

presented in this report is accurate.


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8 LITERATURE CITED — Canadian Food Inspection Agency. 2014. CFIA Directive (D-03-08): Phytosanitary Requirements to

Prevent the Introduction Into and Spread within Canada of the Emerald Ash Borer, Agrilus planipennis (Fairmaire)

— City of London. 2015. Design Specifications & Requirements Manual. 36 pp.

— City of London. 2016. Tree Protection By-law C.P.-1515-228, Enacted August 20, 2016. 44 pp.

FIGURES

126 DON HILLOCK DRIVE, UNIT 2AURORA, ONTARIO CANADA L4G 0G9

TEL.: 905-750-3080 | FAX: 905-727-0463 | WWW.WSP.COM

FIGURE NO:

PROJECT NO: DATE:

SCALE:

1

16M-01395-01 JULY 2018

DISCIPLINE:

TITLE:

TREE PROTECTION PLAN

ARBORIST REPORT ANDTREE PRESERVATION PLANADELAIDE STREET NORTH

GRADE SEPERATIONLONDON, ONTARIO

PROJECT:

1:1,000

ENVIRONMENT

.

DRAWN BY:

T.P.

Data Source: Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Base Mapping, October 2016.

10 0 105 Metres

CLIENT:

CITY OF LONDON

CHECKED BY:

REV.:ISSUE:

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-

-

DESIGNED BY:

LEGEND

!( TREE LOCATIONS

TREE GROUPINGS

TREES TO BE REMOVED

TREES TO BE RETAINED

TREES TO BE RETAINED WITH SPECIFIC METHODS

TREE PROTECTION FENCING

GRADE SEPERATION

GRADING LIMIT

TEMPORARY ROAD DETOUR

Document Path: T:\16M-01395-01\MXD\16M-01395-01 Figure 1 TPP.mxd

1001

1002

1003

1004

1005

1006

1007

1008

1009

1010

1011

1012

1013

1014

1015

1016

1017

1018

1019

1020

1021

1022

1023

1024

1026

1027

1028

1037

TG1

NORWAY MAPLE

HEDGE MAPLE

NORWAY MAPLE

SUGAR MAPLE

NORWAY MAPLE

NORWAY MAPLE

CHANTICLEER PEAR

CHANTICLEER PEAR

CHANTICLEER PEAR

SILVER MAPLE

LITTLE LEAF LINDEN

LITTLE LEAF LINDEN

LITTLE LEAF LINDEN

LITTLE LEAF LINDEN

SILVER MAPLE

CHANTICLEER PEAR

CHANTICLEER PEAR

CHANTICLEER PEAR

NORWAY MAPLE

NORWAY MAPLE

NORWAY MAPLE

NORWAY MAPLE

COLORADO SPRUCE

COLORADO SPRUCE

WHITE ASH

WHITE ASH

WHITE ASH

RED MAPLE

MANITOBA MAPLE

ACER PLATINOIDES

ACER CAMPESTRE

ACER PLATINOIDES

ACER SACCHARINUM

ACER PLATINOIDES

ACER PLATINOIDES

PYRUS CALLERYANA (CHANTICLEER)



ACER SACCHARINUM

TILIA CORDATA

TILIA CORDATA

TILIA CORDATA

TILIA CORDATA

ACER SACCHARINUMPYRUS CALLERYANA (CHANTICLEER)



ACER PLATINOIDES

ACER PLATINOIDES

ACER PLATINOIDES

ACER PLATINOIDES

PICEA PUNGENS

PICEA PUNGENS

FRAXINUS AMERICANA

FRAXINUS AMERICANA

FRAXINUS AMERICANA

ACER RUBRUM

ACER NEGUNDO

78

14

78

116

39

36

13

13

13

78

12

15

15

13

76

14

13

12

51

46

51

79

31

20

28

19

25

12

9 @15-35

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P

G

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F

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G

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TREE # COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME DBH (cm) INTEGRITY STRUCTURE VIGOUR ZONE (m) RECOMMENDATIONS

TREE

PROTECTIONTRUNK

REMOVE

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RETAIN WITH SPECIFIC MEASURES


REMOVE

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5 TREES TO BE REMOVED

CONDITION (G/F/P)

CANOPY

10

4

10

16

7

6

2

3

3

13

5

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CANOPY



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2

16M-01395-01 JULY 2018

DISCIPLINE:

TITLE:




PROJECT:

1:1,000

ENVIRONMENT

.

DRAWN BY:

T.P.

Data Source: Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Base Mapping, October 2016.

10 0 105 Metres

CLIENT:

CITY OF LONDON

CHECKED BY:

REV.:ISSUE:

--

-

-

DESIGNED BY:

LEGEND

!( TREE LOCATIONS

TREE GROUPINGS

TREES TO BE REMOVED

TREES TO BE RETAINED

TREES TO BE RETAINED WITH SPECIFIC METHODS

TREE PROTECTION FENCING

GRADE SEPERATION

GRADING LIMIT

TEMPORARY ROAD DETOUR

Document Path: T:\16M-01395-01\MXD\16M-01395-01 Figure 2 TPP.mxd

1029

1030

1031

1032

1033

1034

1035

1036

1038

1039

1040

1041

P01

P02

P03

P04

P05

P06

P07

TG2

CHANTICLEER PEAR

CHANTICLEER PEAR

CHANTICLEER PEAR

CHANTICLEER PEAR

CHANTICLEER PEAR

CHANTICLEER PEAR

SILVER MAPLE

KENTUCKY COFFEETREE

COMMON HACKBERRY

WHITE MULBERRY

WHITE MULBERRY

NORWAY MAPLE

NORWAY MAPLE

NORWAY MAPLE

COMMON HACKBERRY

NORWAY MAPLE

WHITE BIRCH

HONEY LOCUST (THORNLESS)

LITTLE LEAF LINDEN

NORWAY MAPLE

LITTLE LEAF LINDEN

BLACK LOCUST







ACER SACCHARINUM

GYMNOCLADUS DIOICUS

CELTIS OCCIDENTALIS

MORUS ALBA

MORUS ALBA

ACER PLATINOIDES

ACER PLATINOIDES

ACER PLATINOIDES

CELTIS OCCIDENTALISACER PLATINOIDES

BETULA PAPYRIFERA

GLEDITSIA TRIACANTHOS VAR. INERMIS

TILIA CORDATA

ACER PLATINOIDES

TILIA CORDATA

ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA

15

12

11

16

13

14

21

7

14

26

45

39

~39

~40

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~30

~10

~40

~35

37

40 - 48

13

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TREE # COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME DBH (cm) INTEGRITY STRUCTURE VIGOUR ZONE (m) RECOMMENDATIONS

TREE

PROTECTIONTRUNK

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CONDITION (G/F/P)

CANOPY

3

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5

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7

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10

9

10

10

8

CANOPY



FIGURE NO:

PROJECT NO: DATE:

SCALE:

3

16M-01395-01 JULY 2018

DISCIPLINE:

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PROJECT:

ENVIRONMENT

DRAWN BY:

T.P.

CLIENT:

CITY OF LONDON

CHECKED BY:

REV.:ISSUE:

--

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DESIGNED BY:

LEGEND

Document Path: T:\16M-01395-01\MXD\16M-01395-01 Figure 3 Notes.mxd

• THIS TREE PRESERVATION PLAN IS TO BE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE ARBORIST REPORT FOR THE PROJECT.

• PRIOR TO COMMENCEMENT OF ANY SITE ACTIVITY THE TREE PROTECTION BARRIERS SPECIFIED ON THIS PLAN MUST BE INSTALLED AND WRITTEN NOTICE MUST BE PROVIDED TO CITY OF LONDON.

• TREE PROTECTION BARRIERS MUST REMAIN IN EFFECTIVE CONDITION UNTIL ALL SITE ACTIVITIES ARE COMPLETE.

• WRITTEN NOTICE MUST BE PROVIDED TO URBAN FORESTRY PROTECTION PRIOR TO REMOVAL OF THE TREE PROTECTION BARRIER.

GENERAL NOTES:

ESTABLISHMENT OF TREE PROTECTION ZONES:

• TREE PROTECTION FENCING WILL BE USED TO ESTABLISH THE TPZ FOR TREES WITHIN THE VICINITY OF THE CONSTRUCTION SITE THAT ARE TO BE PRESERVED.

• NO GRADE CHANGES SHALL OCCUR WITHIN THE TPZ, EXCEPT WHERE NOTED IN THE ARBORIST REPORT. IN THOSE SITUATIONS, THE RECOMMENDATIONS WITHIN THE ARBORIST REPORT SHOULD BE FOLLOWED.

• IN THE EVENT THAT ADDITIONAL GRADE CHANGES ARE REQUIRED WITHIN TPZ FOR GRADING, CUT AND/OR FILL SITUATIONS, THE CONSULTING ARBORIST MUST BE NOTIFIED SO THAT PRECAUTIONS TO PRESERVE THE TREE CAN BE TAKEN PRIOR TO THE PLACEMENT OF FILL OR EXCAVATION ACTIVITIES.

• WHERE BRANCHES OVERHANG OR EXTEND INTO THE CONSTRUCTION ZONE AND MAY BE IMPACTED BY MACHINERY, THE BRANCHES SHOULD BE PRUNED BEFORE EXCAVATION ACTIVITIES ARE COMMENCED. PRUNING SHOULD BE LIMITED TO LESS THAN 20% OF THE TREE'S CROWN AND SHOULD BE COMPLETED BY A CERTIFIED ARBORIST OR QUALIFIED TREE PROFESSIONAL.

• FOR WORK REQUIRED WITHIN THE TREE PROTECTION ZONE, THE CONTRACTOR AND THE CONSULTING ARBORIST SHALL CONTACT URBAN FORESTRY FOR APPROVAL.

• EXCEPT AS NOTED IN THE ARBORIST REPORT, THE FOLLOWING ACTIVITIES ARE PROHIBITED WITHIN THE TPZ:

- CONSTRUCTION;

- ALTERING OF GRADE BY ADDING FILL, EXCAVATING, TRENCHING OR DISTURBANCE OF ANY KIND;

- STORAGE OR STOCKPILING OF MATERIALS, EQUIPMENT, SOIL, CONSTRUCTION WASTE OR DEBRIS;

- DISPOSAL OF ANY LIQUIDS;

- MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES, EQUIPMENT, OR PEDESTRIANS;

- PARKING OF VEHICLES OR MACHINERY; AND

- DIRECTIONAL MICRO-TUNNELING AND BORING MAY BE PERMITTED WITHIN THE LIMITS OF A TPZ SUBJECT TO APPROVAL BY URBAN FORESTRY.

• OPEN FACE CUTS OUTSIDE A TPZ THAT ARE CONSISTENT WITH AN APPROVED PLAN AND THAT REQUIRE ROOT PRUNING MUST BE COMPLETED IN THE COMPANY OF A QUALIFIED ARBORIST OR APPROVED TREE PROFESSIONAL. AN EXPLORATORY DIG, EITHER BY HAND OR USING A LOW WATER PRESSURE HYDRO VAC METHOD, MUST BE COMPLETED PRIOR TO COMMENCING WITH OPEN FACE CUTS (REFER TO THE ARBORIST REPORT).

• UNINTENTIONAL DAMAGE TO TREES, INCLUDING BROKEN LIMBS, DAMAGE TO ROOTS, OR WOUNDS TO THE MAIN TRUNK MUST BE REPORTED TO THE CONSULTING ARBORIST IMMEDIATELY SO THAT MITIGATION MEASURES CAN BE PROMPTLY IMPLEMENTED.

TREE PRESERVATION AND PROTECTION RECOMMENDATIONS

WORK WITHIN TREE PROTECTION ZONE:

IF WORK MUST BE CONDUCTED WITHIN A TREE PROTECTION ZONE THE CONTRACTOR SHOULD MINIMIZE SOIL COMPACTION AND MECHANICALROOT DAMAGE BY UTILIZING ONE OF THE FOLLOWING FOUR METHODS:

1. APPLYING 150-300MM OF MULCH TO AREA. UPON COMPLETION REMOVE EXCESS MULCH LEAVING A 100MM DEPTH LAYER OF MULCH.

2. LAYING 20MM THICK PLYWOOD OR 100X100MM WOOD BEAMS OVER A 100+MM THICK LAYER OF WOOD CHIP MULCH. UPON COMPLETION REMOVE PLYWOOD AND LEAVE MULCH LAYER IN PLACE.

3. APPLYING 100-150MM DEPTH OF GRAVEL OVER A TAUT, STAKED GEOTEXTILE FABRIC. UPON COMPLETION REMOVE GRAVEL AND GEOTEXTILE.

4. PLACING COMMERCIAL LOGGING OR ROAD MATS ON TOP OF A MULCH LAYER. UPON COMPLETION REMOVE MATS. STONE, GEOTEXTILE,

AND MULCH EXCEEDING 100MM THICK WILL BE REMOVED FROM THE TREE PRESERVATION AREA ONCE THE THREAT OF SOIL OR ROOT DAMAGE HAS PASSED.

TREE REMOVAL:

• TREES SHOULD BE FELLED INTO THE CONSTRUCTION AREA TO REDUCE THE POTENTIAL FOR INJURY/DAMAGE TO NEIGHBOURING TREES.

• TO AVOID INTERFERENCE WITH THE EGGS, NESTS OR YOUNG OF BIRDS PROTECTED UNDER THE FEDERAL MIGRATORY BIRDS CONVENTION ACT (GOVERNMENT OF CANADA, 1994), REMOVALS SHOULD NOT OCCUR FROM APRIL 1 TO JULY 31 OF ANY GIVEN YEAR. IDEALLY, REMOVAL SHOULD OCCUR FROM AUGUST THROUGH DECEMBER TO AVOID INTERFERENCE WITH ALL NESTING BIRDS. SHOULD REMOVAL BE REQUIRED WITHIN THE APRIL 1 TO JULY 31 BREEDING PERIOD, A QUALIFIED AVIAN BIOLOGIST SHOULD CONDUCT A THOROUGH SURVEY IMMEDIATELY PRIOR TO THE DESIRED TREE REMOVAL DATE TO CONFIRM PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF PROTECTED SPECIES. IF PROTECTED SPECIES ARE PRESENT, REMOVAL CANNOT OCCUR WITHOUT A PERMIT FROM THE CANADIAN WILDLIFE

ROOT PRUNING:

AT THE COMMENCEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION PRUNE ROOTS CLEANLY USING ACCEPTABLE ARBORICULTURAL PRACTICES AND IMMEDIATELYBACKFILL WITH APPROPRIATE MATERIAL. ROOTS OVER 2.5CM DIAMETER THAT ARE TO BE CUT SHOULD BE PRUNED RATHER THAN LEFT TORNOR CRUSHED. THE FOLLOWING ARE GENERAL METHODS OF ROOT PRUNING:

1. SOIL EXCAVATION USING SUPERSONIC AIR TOOLS, PRESSURIZED WATER OR HAND TOOLS, FOLLOWED BY SELECTIVE ROOT CUTTING

2. CUTTING THROUGH THE SOIL ALONG A PREDETERMINED LINE ON THE SURFACE USING TOOL SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED TO CUT ROOTS

3. MECHANICALLY EXCAVATING (E.G. BACKHOE) THE SOIL AND PRUNING WHAT IS LEFT OF THE EXPOSED ROOTS.

4. CUTS TO BE MADE WITH HAND PRUNING SHEARS, BY-PASS BLADE, PRUNING SAW. DO NOT USE ANVIL TYPE PRUNERS.

TREE PROTECTION FENCING/HOARDING:

• FENCING SHOULD BE INSTALLED OUTSIDE THE TPZ, BETWEEN THE AREAS OF PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT AND RETAINED TREES, AS INDICATED ON THE TREE PROTECTION PLAN, TO REDUCE THE POTENTIAL FOR PHYSICAL DAMAGE TO THE TREES AND THEIR ROOT SYSTEMS.

• INSTALLATION SHOULD FOLLOW DETAILS AND SPECIFICATIONS OUTLINED IN THE CITY OF LONDON DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS & REQUIREMENTS MANUAL (2015).

• FENCING SHOULD BE 1.2 M (4 FT) HIGH, T-BAR HOARDING ON A 2” X 4” BRACING FRAME LOCATED OUTSIDE THE TPZ, OR AN EQUIVALENT APPROVED BY CITY OF LONDON.

• TPZ SIGNAGE SHOULD BE INSTALLED AS PER THE ARBORIST REPORT.

• TREE PROTECTION FENCING SHOULD BE INSTALLED BEFORE WORK ON THE SITE BEGINS AND INSPECTED REGULARLY TO ENSURE IT IS PERFORMING ITS INTENDED FUNCTION. IF ANY SECTION IS FOUND TO BE DAMAGED OR NON-FUNCTIONAL IT SHOULD BE REPLACED IMMEDIATELY.

PRUNING PRACTICES:

• ALL LIMBS DAMAGED OR BROKEN DURING THE COURSE OF CONSTRUCTION SHOULD BE PRUNED CLEANLY, UTILIZING BY-PASS SECATEURS IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPROVED HORTICULTURAL PRACTICES. SHOULD THERE BE A POTENTIAL RISK OF TRANSFER OF DISEASE FROM INFECTED TO NON-INFECTED TREES; TOOLS MUST BE DISINFECTED AFTER PRUNING EACH TREE BY DIPPING IN METHYL HYDRATE. THIS PRACTICE IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT DURING PERIODS OF TREE STRESS AND WHEN PRUNING MANY MEMBERS OF THE SAME GENERA, WITHIN WHICH A DISEASE COULD BE SPREAD QUICKLY (I.E., VERTICILLIUM WILT ON MAPLES OR FIRE BLIGHT ON GENERA OF THE ROSACEA FAMILY).

• DURING EXCAVATION OPERATIONS IN WHICH THE ROOT AREA IS AFFECTED, THE CONTRACTOR IS TO PRUNE ALL EXPOSED ROOTS CLEANLY. PRUNED ROOT ENDS ARE TO BE NEATLY AND SQUARELY TRIMMED AND THE AREA IS TO BE BACKFILLED WITH CLEAN NATIVE FILL AS SOON AS POSSIBLE TO PREVENT DESICCATION AND PROMOTE ROOT GROWTH. THE EXPOSED ROOTS SHOULD NOT BE ALLOWED TO DRY OUT, AND THE CONTRACTOR SHALL DISCUSS WATERING OF THE ROOTS WITH THE CONSULTING ARBORIST SO THAT THE ROOTS SHALL MAINTAIN OPTIMUM SOIL MOISTURE DURING CONSTRUCTION AND BACKFILLING OPERATIONS, YET SO NOT TO INTERFERE WITH CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS. BACKFILLING MUST BE WITH CLEAN UNCONTAMINATED TOPSOIL FROM AN APPROVED SOURCE. TEXTURE MUST BE COARSER THAN EXISTING SOILS, AND TO COME INTO CLEAN CONTACT WITH EXISTING SOILS (REMOVE AIR POCKETS, SOD, ETC.)

• ALL PRUNING CUTS SHOULD BE MADE TO A GROWING POINT SUCH AS A BUD, TWIG OR BRANCH, CUT JUST OUTSIDE THE BRANCH COLLAR (THE SWOLLEN AREA AT THE BASE OF THE BRANCH THAT SOMETIMES HAS A BARK RIDGE), AND PERPENDICULAR TO THE BRANCH BEING PRUNED RATHER THAN AS CLOSE TO THE TRUNK AS POSSIBLE. THIS MINIMIZES THE SITE OF THE WOUND. NO STUBS SHOULD BE LEFT. POOR CUT LOCATION, POOR CUT ANGLE AND TORN CUTS ARE NOT ACCEPTABLE.

• TREE ROOTS SHOULD NOT BE EXCAVATED WITHIN THE CRITICAL STRUCTURAL ROOTING AREA. THIS IS THE MINIMUM AREA OF THE ROOT SYSTEM NECESSARY TO MAINTAIN VITALITY OR STABILITY OF THE TREE. TYPICALLY THIS AREA EXTENDS TO THE DRIPLINE OF THE TREE. THE SEVERING OF ONE ROOT CAN CAUSE APPROXIMATELY 5-20% LOSS OF THE ROOT SYSTEM. A REDUCTION OF THIS AREA BY GREATER THAN 30% CAN POSE STABILITY CONCERNS FOR THE TREE.

• A SLOW RELEASE FERTILIZER EG: BONE MEAL OR APPROVED EQUAL TO BE APPLIED TO TREES WHERE ROOT PRUNING OR ROOT DAMAGE HAS OCCURRED. APPLY PER MANUFACTURER'S RECOMMENDATIONS

• EXTENSIVE PRUNING IS BEST COMPLETED BEFORE PLANTS BREAK DORMANCY. PRUNING SHOULD BE LIMITED TO THE REMOVAL OF NO MORE THAN ONE THIRD (1/3) OF THE TOTAL BUD AND LEAF BEARING BRANCHES. PRUNING SHOULD INCLUDE THE CAREFUL REMOVAL OF:

O DEADWOOD,

O BRANCHES THAT ARE WEAK, DAMAGED, DISEASED AND THOSE WHICH WILL INTERFERE WITH CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY,

O SECONDARY LEADERS OF CONIFERS,

O TRUNK AND ROOT SUCKERS,

O TRUNK WATERSPOUTS, AND

O TIGHT V-SHAPED OR WEAK CROTCHES (INCLUDED UNIONS).

• THE CONTRACTOR MUST IMMEDIATELY REPORT ANY DAMAGE TO TREES SUCH AS BROKEN LIMBS, DAMAGE TO ROOTS, OR WOUNDS TO THE MAIN TRUNK OR STEM SYSTEMS SO THAT THE DAMAGE CAN BE ASSESSED IMMEDIATELY. THE TREE PROTECTION FENCING WILL BE MAINTAINED UNTIL ALL CONSTRUCTION IS COMPLETED, SOILS ARE STABILIZED AND ALL OF THE EQUIPMENT HAS BEEN REMOVED FROM THE SITE.

APPENDIX

A TREE INVENTORY

TREE INVENTORY

Trunk

Integrity

Canopy

Structure

Canopy

Vigor

1001 Norway Maple Acer platinoides 78 <5 G G G Root wounds partially callused, structurally pruned 10 Remove

1002 Hedge Maple Acer campestre 14 <5 P G G Bark at root damaged for 1/2 diameter of the tree, bark inclusion at 2 m 4 Remove

1003 Norway Maple Acer platinoides 78 20 G F G Large partially callused wound on east side 10 Remove

1004 Sugar Maple Acer saccharum 116 10 G G G 16 Retain with specific measures

1005 Norway Maple Acer platinoides 39 <5 F F G Double leader, "Y" at 3 m, canopy branches interweaving 7.0 Retain with specific measures

1006 Norway Maple Acer platinoides 36 10 G G F Small dead branches, root wound partially callused 6.0 Remove

1007 Chanticleer Pear Pyrus calleryana (Chanticleer) 13 15 G F G Epicormic branchlets 2.0 Remove

1008 Chanticleer Pear Pyrus calleryana (Chanticleer) 13 <5 G F G Epicormic branchlets 3.0 Remove

1009 Chanticleer Pear Pyrus calleryana (Chanticleer) 13 <5 G G G Epicormic branchlets 3.0 Remove

1010 Silver Maple Acer saccharinum 78 10 G G G 13.0 Remove

1011 Little Leaf Linden Tilia cordata 12 <5 G F G "Y" in tree at 2 m with included bark 5.0 Remove

1012 Little Leaf Linden Tilia cordata 15 <5 G F G "Y" in tree at 2 m with included bark 5 Remove



1015 Silver Maple Acer saccharinum 76 10 G G G 12 Remove

1016 Chanticleer Pear Pyrus calleryana (Chanticleer) 14 <5 G G G Weaving branches in canopy 5 Remove

1017 Chanticleer Pear Pyrus calleryana (Chanticleer) 13 <5 G F G Weaving branches in canopy 4 Remove

1018 Chanticleer Pear Pyrus calleryana (Chanticleer) 12 <5 G F G Weaving branches in canopy 4 Remove

1019 Norway Maple Acer platinoides 51 10 G G G 3 leaders 8 Remove

1020 Norway Maple Acer platinoides 46 <5 G G G 2 leaders 7 Remove

1021 Norway Maple Acer platinoides 51 <5 F F G 9 Remove

1022Norway Maple

Acer platinoides 79 10 G G G Large limb pruned and bark splitting near edges, several watersrouts

at large branch bends 10

Remove

1023 Colorado Spruce Picea pungens 31 <5 G G G 5 Remove

1024 Colorado Spruce Picea pungens 20 <5 G F G Top crooked 4 Remove

TG1 Manitoba Maple Acer negundo 9 @15-35 <5 G F G 9.0 Approximately 5 Trees to be Removed

1026 White Ash Fraxinus americana 28 <5 F G F Emerald Ash Borer holes 6 Remove



1029 Chanticleer Pear Pyrus calleryana (Chanticleer) 15 <5 G G G Very densely branched 3 Remove






1035 Silver Maple Acer saccharinum 21 <5 G G G 7 Remove

1036 Kentucky Coffeetree Gymnocladus dioicus 7 <5 G G G 2 Remove

1037 Red Maple Acer rubrum 12 <5 F G G Bark at root damaged for 1/2 diameter of the tree 4 Remove

1038 Common Hackberry Celtis occidentalis 14 <5 G G G Growing along and into fencing 4 Retain

1039 White Mulberry Morus alba 26 <5 F F G Growing along and into fencing 7 Retain

1040 White Mulberry Morus alba 45 <5 F F G Multistemmed, weaving canopy 8 Retain

1041 Norway Maple Acer platinoides 39 <5 G G G Growing along and into fencing 6 Retain

Norway Maple Acer platinoides 37 <5 G G G 10 Retain with specific measures

Little Leaf Linden Tilia cordata 40 - 48 <5 F G G 10 Retain with specific measures

Black Locust Robinia pseudoacacia 13 <5 G G G Multistemmed 8 Retain with specific measures

P01 Norway Maple Acer platinoides ~39 <5 G G G Not tagged - private property 8 Remove


P03 Common Hackberry Celtis occidentalis ~35 <5 G G G Not tagged - private property 8 Retain with specific measures


P05 White Birch Betula papyrifera ~10 <5 G G G Not tagged - private property 4 Remove

P06 Honey Locust (thornless) Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis ~40 <5 G G G Not tagged - private property 10 Remove

P07 Little Leaf Linden Tilia cordata ~35 <5 G G G Not tagged - private property 9 Retain with specific measuresaEffective Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) calculated as the square root of the sum of squares.

bCondition codes: G - Good, F - Fair, P - Poor, D - Dead

Comments (Wounds, Insects, Disease, other) TPZ Recommendation

TG2

Condition (G/F/P)b

Tree

ID Common Name Scientific Name DBH (cm)

% Dead

Branches

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