city 4 d heat supply and storage options - deutsche messe...
TRANSCRIPT
City 4 D heat supply and storage
options
Ernst HuengesBerlin 22.5.2015
• Introduction
• Underground heat source
• District heating
• Geothermal Cooling
• Storage of heat and chill
• Conclusions
*4 D: assessment of the underground potential and its utilisation
City 4 D* heat supply and storage
optionsOutline:
Introduction
Status and Potential• Energy mix today (2012): ~ 49 % heat, ~ 23 % electricity, ~ 28 % mobility
from renewables:
• ~ 11 % heat
• ~ 25 % electricity
VDE 2012
Heat:Renewable Energy part
of primary energy (2011):in Germany 10,8 %
in Berlin 3,3 % heat provision from fossils in
Berlin ~ 99%(i.e. ~ 37 TWh/year)
2020 winter summer
Status and Potential• Energy mix today: ~ 50 % heat, ~ 25 % electricity, ~ 25 % mobility
from renewables:
• ~ 11 % heat
• ~ 25 % electricity
• Future energy requirements:
• renewable heat, & dispatchable and decentral base load
Status and Potential• Energy mix today: ~ 50 % heat, ~ 25 % electricity, ~ 25 % mobility
from renewables:
• ~ 11 % heat
• ~ 25 % electricity
• Future energy requirements:
• renewable heat, & dispatchable and decentral base load
• Contribution of geothermal energy
• domestic resource (up to 5 % of electricityand 10 % of heat demand in Germany)
• potentially fulltime available
• advanced technology
stabilisation of the market for electricity and heat
shallow geothermal
undergroundthermal storage
hydrothermal petrothermal
Geothermal Energy Systems
Underground heat source
Underground heat source
What do we know about the underground of Berlin?
3D structural model Brandenburg (Noack et al.)
deep drill holes: Berlin 01, 02, 04, 08, Wartenberg 2/86, Gross Ziethen 1/73
seismic exploration
A113
A115
A111
A100
Wartenberg 2/86
Groß Ziethen 1/73
Berlin 01Berlin 02
Berlin 04 Berlin 08
Target field
Rotliegend
Zechstein
Buntsandstein
Muschelkalk
Keuper
Jura
Reflexionsseismik Tempelhofer Feld, GASAG, Reprozessing GFZCRS Stapelung + Kirchhoff-IES-Tiefenmigration
Südliche Bahn, tags Mittlere Bahn, tags und nachts Nördliche Bahn, tags und nachtsS
tiller
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Sippel et al. 2012
Kastner et al. ongoing
Climate-KIC : Energy atlas (underground inventar of city model (Kolbe TU))
Temperatures „Heat in Place“
target Tempelhof
in TWh
remarks
Jura -25 °C ~40 Aquifer
Keuper ~30 °C ~160 Aquifer
Muschelkalk ~ 40 °C ~160 Aquifer
Buntsandstein ~ 60 °C ~400 Aquifer
Zechstein ~ 100 °C >1000 only
conductive!
Rotliegend SS ~ 130 °C ~ 80 Aquifer
http://energyatlas.energie.tu-berlin.de/energy-atlas/
District heating
Svendsen S., Li H.; DTU Denmark; 4th working phase meeting DHC Annex TS1; KTH Stockholm (Sweden); September 2014
Development of District Heating Systems
Role and Characterics of District Heating Contribution to heat supply in Germany (12 %) compared to ~ 50 % in Denmark !
Part of renewable energy (6 % in D) Fachforum: Fernwärme mit erneuerbaren Energien 2012
Advantages
integration of larger (more effective usable) heat sources
integration of large storage systems possible
existing district heating system usable for renewable sources. However, lowertemperatures require reorganisation of the heat transfer stations
Potential energy carrier
hydrocarbons, gas and oil CO2-foodprint and limited resources
biogas limited resources
wood (pellets) transport in cities!
solarthermal low temperature, limited area
geothermal low temperature
waste heat
Heat supply change: require focus on district heating, system integration, & secured operation divers options, e.g. demonstration of solutions for city quarters
Geothermal Cooling
Geothermal (or Solar) Cooling
„Chill“
Ambiance/ heatsink
Ambiance/heat sink
„Heat“
Absorption-RefrigeratorWp
Storage of heat and chill
Storage of heat and chill
Storage of heat and chill
Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage ATESBerliner Reichstag
• Scientific and operational monitoring of the ATES system of the Berliner Reichstag
• Storage of hot water:- 285 to 315 m depth- aquifer temperature: ~ 20°C- temperature storage fluid: ~ 70°C- storage capacity: ~ 2650 MWh- heat recovery: 70%
• Storage of cold water:- 30 to 60 m depth- aquifer temperature: ~ 12°C- temperature storage fluid: ~ 5°C- storage capacity: ~ 6000 MWh
• Successful operation since 2000
R&D Project University Campus Berlin
• Exploration well in 2015 (app. 600m)
• first suitable aquifer expected at approx. 220m depth
• Considering energy conversion technology, ATES and thermal building behaviour
• Design methods for future energy supply systems for urban districts
R&D project: energy supply systems with seasonal energy storage in aquifers for urban districts
Conclusions
• Underground heat source: huge unconsidered innercity potential for renewable heat
- auxillary energy drecreasing with depth
(shallow: ~4-5 kWhheat from 1 kWhelectricity, deep ~10-100 kWhheat from 1 kWhelectricity)
• District Heating System:
lower temperature (required) new design of heat transfer stations
• Geothermal Cooling: heat chill << heat power chill (7 times more efficient)
energy
• Hybrid Cooling: Geothermal & Solar Sources all day & all seasons supply
• Storage of heat and chill: 70 – 90 % recovery of energy