Animal Systems

SAMANTHA RUSSELL

ANIMAL ANATOMY

CHAPTER 1

Circulatory System

COMPONENTS

1. Heart 2. Pericardium

3. Artery 4. Vein

5. Capillary 6. Lymph System

7. Lymph Node 8. Spleen

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Function and Components blood cells and iron, destroys old red blood cells, and pro-duces lymphocytes and monocytes.

There are six functions of the circulatory system. They are res-piratory, excretory, protection, nutrition, regulatory, and hor-monal.

The exchange of oxy-gen and carbon diox-ide is the respiratory function.

The excretory func-tion removes the waste from body cells.

Clotting and the transporting of white blood cells to infec-tions is protection.

Food and energy being carried throughout the body is provid-ing nutrition.

Regulatory helps maintain pH and temperature throughout the body.

Lastly, hormonal transfers hormones throughout the body to organs.

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The heart is a muscular, pump with four chambers that drives the circulatory system. The pericardium is a fibrous sac which encloses the heart. An artery is elastic vessel that has thick walls which helps main-tain high pressure while blood is carried away from the heart. Veins are thin walled vessels that carries deoxygenated blood to the heart. Capillaries form networks between arteries, veins, and body tis-sues. The lymph system plays an important role in disease preven-tion and immunity.The lymph node is a bean shaped structure that is located all around the body. It produces lymphocytes and monocytes, it also filters through bacteria, foreign bodies, and malignant cells. The spleen is the largest of the lymph organs. It stores red

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Major Arteries and Veins • Aorta

• Brachiocephalic

• Common carotid arteries

• Coronary arteries

• Facial artery

• Femoral artery

• Mesenteric

• Renal artery

• Pulmonary arteries

• Pulmonary veins

• Cranial vena cava

• Caudal vena cava

• Cephalic vein

• Jugular vein

• Renal vein

• Femoral vein

• Saphenous vein

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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Movement of Blood and Structure

There is a certain order that the blood flows through and out of the heart. The blood goes through the right atrium and moves to the right ventricle. Form the right ventricle it flows through the pulmonary arteries and then moves to the lungs. Following the lungs it flows through the pul-monary veins and then the left atrium. From the left atrium it moves to the left ventricle. Once in the let ventricle it moves to the aorta.

Blood is composed of cells and plasma. Plasma is the liquid portion of the blood. Cells make up 40% of all blood and the other 60% is plasma.

The cellular por-tion of blood is made up of red blood cells or erythrocytes, white blood cells or leukocytes, and platelets.

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