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Regenerative braking on DC-networks

Christophe Tassin Civil Engineer Energy & Innovation

1er octobre 2015

Summary

Rolling stock

Brake point calculation

Test results

Conclusion

Rolling stock: HLE23

Construction: 1955

Traction technology: resistor – 3kV DC

Recuperation disabled after several fires


Construction: 1998

Traction technology: thyristor – 3kV DC, 25kV 50Hz

Unstable software regulated recuperation


Construction: 2008

Traction technology: IGBT – 3kV DC, 25kV 50Hz

Rolling stock: HLE18 (2)

Blending mode: 1bar ~ 35kN

Decrease and change to rheostatic braking after 55 seconds

Limited to 150kN on train level

Brake point calculation

Station announcement panel based on pneumatic braking

Recuperation brake point dependant on composition

Example: station Aalter 2500m vs 1300m

1300m

Test results: Recuperation

00%

05%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

1833 1814 3016 3037

Recuperation %

Test results: Energy consumption

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1833 1814 3016 3037

Net energy kWh6xM6 8xM6

Simulation tool of the 3kV network By Koen Degussemé

10 01.10.2014 Internship report by Steven Vanhee

Reference Situation:

Region North-West

Substation HV connection Tap changers

Aalter 36 kV -2.5%

Brugge 36 kV +1%

Deinze 10,5 kV 0%

Denderleeuw 70 kV +2%

Dendermonde 15 kV 0%

Dudzele 36 kV 4%

Gent 36 kV +2.5%

Gent Snepkaai 36 kV +3%

Ieper 15 kV 0%

Koksijde 10,5 kV 0%

Lichtervelde 36 kV +2.5%

Lokeren 36 kV 0%

Oostende 36 kV 0%

Zottegem 15kV 0%


Minimum voltage: Grid stability


Maximum voltage: Regenerative capacity


Adaptions in North-West

11000

11050

11100

11150

11200

11250

11300

11350

185000

185500

186000

186500

187000

187500

188000

188500 Energy flows (kWh)

Tot E toeg

Tot E recup

14

Optimization Adaptions

1 Brugge -2%

2 Denderleeuw -2%

3 Gent SN -3%;

Gent -3%;

Deinze +1%

4 Gent SN -2%,

Gent -2%

5 Gent SN -3%,

Gent -3%

6 Gent -2%,

Gent SN -2%,

Kortrijk+1%

7

Gent -2%,

Gent SN -2%,

Kortrijk+1%,

Zottegem +1%,

Denderleeuw +1%

8

Gent -2%,

Gent SN -2%,

Kortrijk+0%

Zottegem +1%

Denderleeuw +1%

Optimized3: Gent SN -3%, Gent -3%, Deinze +1%

01.10.2014 Internship report by Steven Vanhee

Adaptions in North-West:

economical view

15

€2,640,000

€2,660,000

€2,680,000

€2,700,000

€2,720,000

€2,740,000

€2,760,000

€2,780,000 Total energy cost per month

• Energy Cost

• 15m max Power

• Day consumption

• Night consumption

• Extra costs (10 EUR/MWH)

• Optimized7: • Gent -2%

• Gent SN -2%

• Kortrijk +1%

• Zottegem +1%

• Denderleeuw +1%

• Total profit: 32.000

EUR/month


Short view to the future: All T18 and Desiro trains

16

• Much more red/purple (maximum voltage

increases)

Proposed solution: mesh the grid as much as possible


Conclusion

DC-network accepts recuperated energy, but limitations expected

with modern fleet

Dependancy of rolling stock

Additional information to the driver

Recuperation brake not a safety system

christophe tassin civil engineer energy & innovation … · christophe tassin civil engineer...

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