christina strid | march thesis 2015

FORM FOLLOWS EXPERIENCEDesign for the User with Environmental Psychology


Primary Advisor: ______________________________________ Anne-Catrin Schultz

Interim Director,Graduate Studies: _____________________________________ Elizabeth Ghiseline

Christina Lynn StridPresented to Faculty of the Department of Architecture

Wentworth Institute of Technology

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of

Master of Architecture

April 2015

Approved by the Committee:

christina strid EmailPhoneDegree

| [email protected]| 860.302.3280| M.Arch 2015


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INDEXDEDICATION

DEFINED TERMINOLOGY

ABSTRACT

RESEARCH - precedent studies - personal work

THESIS STATEMENT - method of design - step 1 | design for user - step 2 | with environmental psychology - step 3 | enhance the experience - application of method

APPENDIX

i Dedication

This thesis book is dedicated to

my mom – my editor,my dad – my support,

my family and friends – my strength

Defined Terminology ii

DEFINED TERMINOLOGY(alphabetical order)

ARCHITECTURE – is the combination of narrative with a visual conceptual idea that is transformed into an experience.

BUILDING – a shelter that lacks character and spirit. Does not add to the world of architectural discourse.

CONCEPT – an overarching idea for a project solution; parti.

DESIGN PROCESS – measures in which a designer must go through to clarify a concept in order to achieve an final goal.

DESIGNER – a person who thinks creatively in order to reach a new perspective of perceiving an idea.

ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY – an interdisciplinary science that focuses on the interplay between human beings and their surrounding environment.

FORM – the configuration of mass and space to define a position in a place.

LIGHT – the source of ambience that accentuates spaces by directing public atttention.

MATERIAL – an identifier of culture used to designate program and enhance the senses.

USER – owner, temporary occupant, and inhabitant of a specific place.

USER PARAMETERS – a set of guidelines created to establish the concerns, regualtions, and wishes of the user.

1 Abstract

STRACT ABSDESIGN GUIDELINES

Abstract 2

STRACTThe aim of this thesis is to establish a method in which to design for a specific user by applying the findings of environmental psychology to support design choices. The method first begs the question - who is the user? The user is not only the occupants but the client as well. Knowing and analyzing the parameters set up by the users is the first step of the process. The second step is to find a way for the designer to enhance the parameters in order to create a unique experience for the user. This step requires a more open and collaborative relationship with the user. During this step, the user and designer will come to an agreement of an intended experience or atmosphere that the designer will try to generate. The spatial relationships of form, use of light, and material changes are three design tools that the designer should use to produce an experience. These three design tools are the most adaptable to environmental psychologist theories because they deal with the phenomenological aspect of a user’s experience. The third step is combining the users’

parameters and psychological design aspects to develop a proposal.

This thesis method draws upon knowledge from the users to create parameters and research from the designer that understand environmental psychology in order to propose an experience that follows to the concept established. In order to prove this method of designing for a user, this thesis uses the site and it’s users as a means to formalize the exploration. The site is Parcel 9 in Boston, MA or more commonly known as Haymarket Square. After attending several NEWRA1 and HPA2 meetings, the intended experience that they wish to gain is a welcoming mixed-use market that connects to the flexible market space and positively impacts the Greenway Parks, the North End, and the Faneuil Hall communities. The City of Boston (the third user), on the other hand, requires a profitable structure that respects the historic landmarks of the site. Since the city did not care as to what experience they wanted to portray, this tells

the designer that it can be a secondary component to the main experience of the design.

The concept behind this proposal is a vertical market that acts as a connector to neighboring communities and improves the urban fabric of the city through agricultural education. The subservient spaces are the residential and retail programmatic spaces that balance out the main market space. To achieve this experience form, light, and material was introduced to the design of the building. Form configured the mass and helped define spaces within it. Light acts as a way finder to bring attention to and direct the public towards the main hierarchical space – the market. Material is used in the proposal as an identifier of culture and used to designate program and react with subconscious of the occupant.______________________________1 North End Waterfront Residents Association (NEWRA) - a member-driven non-profit organization whose purpose is to enhance the living experience and residential character of the unique neighborhood

2 Haymarket Pushcart Association (HPA) - a small fruit and vegetable vendor in Boston, Massachusetts that has approximately 2 full time employees and is founded in 2001 to protect the historic nature of the traditional pushcart vendors.

ABSChristina Strid | M.Arch 2014 - 2015Wentworth Institute of Technology

3 Thesis

RES SEARCHResearch3

Research 4

RES SEARCHThe research section of this thesis is comprised of precedent studies that will follow on the next few pages. Each precedent has bullet points of a psychological description of each space. The precedents include a range of examples from individual rooms to entire built projects.

This section also includes some personal work created in order to better understand and explain my thesis statement. The image to the left is the model created for the probe assignment to represent my thesis in model form. The installation spoke about how a designer can visualize the goal of a project without seeing something physical. Through all the trial and errors the main goal can still be communicated at the end. Observers cannot see the outcome until they physically see the end result. However, what they can see is a perceived mood or feeling of the project. If an object is soft, rough, light, etc. observers can get an understanding before the project is actually completed. The psychological aspect is vital when

considering design and how one tells the story as it unfolds. The design development stage is just as impressive as the final vision of a project.

Many say the shiny stimulus theory produces a certain reaction in the brain in humans. It triggers your pleasure center(s) and neurotransmitters are released. Basically, it makes you physically and psychologically happy. Research has shown that humans are attracted to shiny objects because of their subconscious desire for water. Water is reflective and involves motion. Objects that are shiny have the same quality. Marketing agents also have written numerous books that describe the insight for consumer buying wants and needs. “Shiny Objects Marketing is a very simple and easy-to-understand approach to attracting customers,” stated Catherine Monson, President, PIP Printing, “Based on a very simple characteristic that most creatures on this planet have in common-attraction to shiny objects.”3

With this being said, my probe installation is a sculpture of a diamond ring. The ring, however, can only be seen through a single perspective (the designers). All other angles and views of the sculpture will allow the observer to get a hint at the final outcome and come up with a mood of the item but will be surprised when they see the final image.

______________________________3 This passage was taken from Siny Objects Marketing in order to explain the process discussed in the probe assignment at the begining of Spring 2015 Semester.

LaBonte, David A. Shiny Objects Marketing: Using Simple Human Instincts To Make Your Brand Irresistible. John Wiley & Sons, 2008.

Precedent StudiesPersonal Work

5 Research

MCDONALD’S RESTAURANT

- The caution sign does not make users feel welcome- Hard seats make users not want to sit for long- Bright colors and patterns attract customers- Hanging ceiling pieces defer occupants from entering- The red and yellow colors mix into orange (which subconsciously makes people hungry)

VIIPURI LIBRARY | ALVAR AALTO

- Acoustic ceiling design benefits the musical performers- Circular seats allow music performers more agile - Wood material, especially on columns, enforce the connection to nature

Research 6

PAIMIO SANATORIUM | ALVAR AALTO

- Vibrant shades encourages the user to feel happier- Nature such as trees revitalizes the occupant- Sink was designed to respect those nearby

STARBUCKS CAFE

- Circular tables do not make occupants feel alone- Operable shades makes user feel in control- Dim lighting creates a more relaxed environment- Material tells the user program use of different counters

7 Research

PANTHEON | ROME, ITALY

- The spatial relationship between user’s height to building form was observed in the diagram on the left.- To the right the dark center piece highlights the use of light and its impact on the behavior of the crowds below.

Research 8

LIGHT

MATERIAL

proportion of spacespatial relationshipsfunction for user

sensory experienceilluminationeffect on behavior

programmatic usetexturecultural identity

FORM

PRECEDENT STUDIESGlasgow School of Art | Steven HollPantheon | Rome, Italy

GLASGOW SCHOOL OF ART | STEVEN HOLL

- Material designates art studio spaces from the café and common spaces- The break up of form throughout the staircase designates different vantage points- Bright light entering a space allows users to feel regenerated- Light enters based on the school curriculum and not typical summer/winter sun patterns

LIGHT

MATERIAL

proportion of spacespatial relationshipsfunction for user

sensory experienceilluminationeffect on behavior

programmatic usetexturecultural identity

FORM

PRECEDENT STUDIESGlasgow School of Art | Steven HollPantheon | Rome, Italy

9 Research

ROTTERDAM MARKET HALL | MVRDV ARCHITECTS

- Market form allows user to still feel as if they are outside, yet sheltered - Apartment windows allow users to interact with the market- Vibrant colors increase appetite and overall mood of the consumer- Form of building changes to show the public places within the space

Research 10

T3 GARAGE | DANZE BLOOD ARCHITECTS

- The parking garage was built out of necessity for the community- The nearby apartments still wished to keep their park in use- The architects decided on a middle ground item which was a roof garden on the garage- Exterior screen and ivy enhance the light and atmosphere of the place

11 Thesis

THESISWITH ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY

Form - roof allows light to penetrate - provides seatingLight - diffused light feels naturalMaterial - glass wall feels open - solid floor and wall subconsciously directs focus

DESIGN FOR THE USER

User Parameters - keep the view - needs more seating - want to feel open

11 Thesis

Thesis 12

THESISTaking a spin on Louis Sullivan’s phrase “form follows function”4, this thesis states that form should follow experience. The principle of this motto is the shape of a building should be primarily based upon its intended experience that appeals to the user. In today’s society, it seems that most architects only care about making their designs known. The term ‘starchitect’ has been coined to describe famous ‘star’ architects who have given the world unforgettable pieces that will be forever placed in architectural history. However, on their way to fame, many are forgetting whom they are designing for. For example, Frank Lloyd Wright’s architectural landmark, the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York, has always been one of his career masterpieces. Yet the museum hardly functions as one due to its influx of penetrating light and winding ramps that make it nearly impossible to view/hang art.5

This thesis explains a method that I believe architects and all designers should follow as a

guide to design for a user. This method looks at the typical design process and inserts critical changes that fall between site analysis and concept development that should be implemented. These changes all affect the three typical stages in a design process. Step 1 is labeled “Designer for the User”. In this step, generally the architect will analyze the site. A modification to this step would be to look at the word ‘site’ in broader terms. The site is composed of its user. Without them there would be no inhabitants for the project. Therefore, in step 1 the alteration would be to become informed of the user’s parameters as well. Knowledge from the users involves open communication from the start of the project. This will insure the user will be pleased with the outcome.

The second step is for the designers to research and experiment with psychological design elements in order to achieve the experience that the user wishes to portray in the environment. Step

2 is labeled “With Environmental Psychology” to explain that this process is needed during the brainstorming stage. Environmental psychology overlaps with the design discipline of architecture in a way where it aids in achieving realistic and appealing outcomes for the user. The study of psychological behavior in architecture stems from human interaction towards basic architectural elements that designers use. These three design elements are form, light, and material. These design elements are easily adaptable to psychological design theories because they pertain more to the senses. By using these three elements, designers will be able to know why and how their work can appeal to the subconscious level of the user. By introducing environmental psychology to the field of architecture, designs can reflect more specifically to the needs and preferences of the user. According to Ayers, “architectural design can have a strong but modifiable effect on social behavior and the users’ mood and productivity and, to some extent, design features also affect health

Form Follows Experience:Design for the User with Environmental Psychology

13 Thesis

FORMthe configuration of mass and space to define a position in a place

LIGHTthe source of ambience that accentuates spaces by directing public atttention

MATERIALan identifier of culture used to designate program and enhance the senses

and wellbeing.” By uncovering the reason why architecture can control human behavior, they can unlock the key to creating a space that could mold and shape behavior of users in a designed environment. Environmental psychology helps generate the design elements needed to really capture the true life and spirit of the concept created for the building.

This brings up the final step, which is “Enhance the Experience.” In step 3, the concept must be created in partnership with the user. The concept must be created by both the designer and user in order to gain the experience that both parties wish to have. This step should not try to diminish the role or need of a designer. Designers are trained to understand the significance of the idea in architectural form. While the user, most times, will not be able to bring this idea to fruition to a fully realized architectural exploration. With that said, if the concept is derived from both the designer and user, then the proposal will develop in accordance

with the main parti.

In order to explain the method further, I have chosen a project that is set in reality to test this technique. The site, Parcel 9, was chosen because many current proposals have not matched the users’ parameters. The site was selected in order to prove by listening to the user parameters and enhancing the environment with psychological impacts; a space can be designed for the community and all other users involved. The user’s parameters should be the basis of and a constant to the project. However, the role of the designer is to interpret and adapt those parameters with a trained creative vision influenced by environmental psychological theories. Designers should use psychological design aspects in their work because it aids to the phenomenological atmosphere and the subconscious of the user. By altering the typical design method to include influences from environmental psychology, the architecture created will gain a rich and developed experience for the

user. The application of the method is titled “The Architectural Center for Boston.” The proposal is represented by images that reflect the experience that both the user and designer agreed upon for this site. A video was made to illustrate a few psychological design elements that were brought into this project. The video can be found at http://youtu.be/5tCoYVhj2Ew.

______________________________4 Form Follows Function - phrase coined by Louis Sullivan to represent a principle that is associated with modernist architecture and industrial design in the 20th century.

Craven, Jackie. Louis Sullivan: American Architect Profile.http://architecture.about.com/od/greatarchitects/p/sullivan.htm.

5 Facts taken from the website titled Guggenheim: The Museums and Foundation.

Guggenheim (The Museums and Foundation)http://www.guggenheim.org/.

Thesis 14

For the sake of the exploration, I have mapped out my process in which I have been using and developing this method of designing for the user with environmental psychology. Therefore since this is an example to show how the method is used, the schedule and time frame may alter according to the scale of the project. However these main steps must be followed in order for the method to be fully implemented.

CHRISTINA STRIDMASTER OF ARCHITECTURE 2015

Form Follows ExperienceThe aim of this thesis is to establish a method in which to design for a user by using the findings of environmental psychology to back up design choices. The method first begs the question - who is the user? The user is not only the occupants but the client as well. Knowing and analyzing the parameters set up by the users is the first step of the process. The second step is to find a way for the designer to enhance the parameters in order to create a unique experience for the user. This step requires a more open and collaborative relationship with the user. During this step, the user and designer will come to an agreement of an intended experience or atmosphere that the designer will try to create. The spatial relationships of form, use of light, and material changes are three design tools that the designer should use to generate that experience. These three design tools are the most adaptable to environmental psychologist theories because they deal with the phenomenological aspect of a user’s experience. The third step is combining the users’ parameters and psychological design aspects to develop a proposal.

This thesis method draws upon knowledge from the users to create parameters and research from the designer to understand environmental psychology in order to propose an experience that appeals to the user. In order to prove this method of designing for a user, this thesis usesthe site and it’s users as a means to formalize

the exploration. The site is Parcel 9 in Boston, MA or more commonly known as Haymarket Square. After attending several North End Waterfront Residents’ Association (NEWRA) and Haymarket Pushcart Association (HPA) meetings, the intended experience that they wish to gain is a welcoming mixed-use market that connects to the flexible market space and positively impacts the Greenway Parks, the North End, and the Faneuil Hall communities. The City of Boston, on the other hand, requires a profitable structure that respects the historic landmarks of the site. Since the city did not care as to what experience they wanted to portray, this tells the designer that it can be a secondary component to the main experience of the design.

The concept behind this proposal is a vertical market that acts as a connector to neighboring communities and improves the urban fabric of the city through agricultural education. The subservient spaces are the residential and retail programmatic spaces that balance out the main market space. To achieve this experience form, light, and material was introduced to the design of the building. Form configured the mass and helped define spaces within it. Light acts as a way finder to bring attention to and directing the public towards the main hierarchical space – the market. Material is used in the proposal as an identifier of culture and used to designate program and react with subconscious of the occupant.

the configuration of mass and space to define a position in a place

the source of ambience that accentuates spaces by directing public atttention

an identifier of culture used to designate program and enhance the senses

FORM LIGHT MATERIAL

This thesis explains the method of how to design for a user with environmental pyschology. In order to explain the method, I have chosen a project that is set in reality. The site was choosen because many schemes and proposals do not match the users parameters. This site was selected in order to design a space for the community involved. The user’s parameters should be the basis of and a constant to the project. However, the role of the designer is to interpret and adapt those parameters with a trained creative vision influenced by enironmental psychological theories. Designers should use psychological design aspects in their work because it aids to the phenomenological atmosphere and the subconcious of the user. By adding this step to the typical design process, the architecture created will gain a rich and developed experience for the user.

For the sake of the exploration. I have mapped out my process in which I have been using and developing this method of designing for the user with environmental psychology. Therefore since this is an just example to show how the method is used, the schedule and time frame may alter according to the scale of the project. However these main steps must be followed in order for the method to be carried out.

Whichever medium the designer chooses, modeling, sketching, or rendering programs, that form must be altered with psychological design aspects because the end result should be focused on the user and its relation to the architecture. This thesis has used many mediums to explore the initial building form. These mediums include sketching, videos, modeling, Sketchup, Revit, and more.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

Phase 1 | Design for the User - Analyze the Site - Know User Parameters

Phase 2 | With Environmental Psychology - Research Psychological Design Elements - Use Different Mediums to Produce Form

Phase 3 | Enhance the Experience - Create Concept - Develop Proposal

Start of Project

User Meeting

Designer Review

User Meeting

Designer Review

Designer Review

User Review

Final Presentation

ABSTRACT

DESIGN GUIDELINES

DESIGN FOR THE USERWith Environmental Psychology | concept

THE USER

- keep the view- needs more seating- want to feel open

PSYCHOLOGICAL DESIGN ELEMENTS

Form - roof allows light to penetrate - provides seatingLight - diffused light feels naturalMaterial - glass wall feels open - solid floor and wall subconsciously directs focus

Phase 1

Analyze the Site

Know User Parameters

Phase 2

Research Psychological Design Elements

Use Different Mediums to Produce Form

Phase 3

Create Concept Develop Proposal

15 Thesis

1Design for the UserANALYZE THE SITE

KNOW USER PARAMETERS

To go further in depth, the first step of the method is to designer for the user by analyzing the site and knowing the user parameters. In this step, Parcel 9 was observed through photographs and movie clips that capture the existing site. A short film was made in order to gather all the qualities and richness of the site. The end of the film depicts crucial features that need to be addressed in order to boost the safety area and encourage better connection for the city. The film can be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bd4xhpusaK0. Site diagrams were then sketched and finalized to show information gathered from the area. The diagrams to the right show the analysis of the site from the urban scale down to the smaller local destinations.

By attending meetings with the North End / Waterfront Resident’s Association and the Haymarket Pushcart Association, I was able to understand the user parameters. The following page shows diagrams to simplify their parameters into visual representations. The third user is the MassDOT. I learned their parameters based on numerous letters publicly released stating their requirements of the site. Their parameters are represented on the following page.

URBAN CONTEXT CITY PROGRAM

EXTENSION OF THE GREENWAY 5 MINUTE WALK

CIRCULATION DESTINATIONS

Thesis 16

BLACKSTON

E STREET

NO

RTH

STR

EET

HANOVER STREET

N

SCALE 1/64”=1’- 0”

CO

NG

RESS STREET

CROSS STREET

JOHN F. FITZGERALD SURFACE RD

17 Thesis

USER PARAMETERSHaymarket Pushcart Association (HPA)

a small fruit and vegetable vendor in Boston, MA that has approximately 2 full time employees and is founded in 2001 to protect the historic nature of the traditional pushcart vendors.

USER PARAMETERSNorth End / Waterfront Residents’ Association

a member-driven non-profit organization whose purpose is to enhance the living experience and residential character of the unique neighborhood.

USER PARAMETERSMassachusetts Department of Transportation

an organization that oversees roads, public transit, aeronautics, and transportation licensing and registration in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

MAINTAIN EXISTING EXPAND THE MARKET

TRANSPARENT GROUND FLOOR WELCOMING STREET PRESENCE

REVENUE AND INCOME AWARENESS OF SHADOW

Thesis 18

PROMOTE CONNECTION GREENSPACE TO LINGER STORAGE AND UTILITIES

HEIGHT RESTRICTION AGRICULTURAL AND HISTORIC CENTER NON-OBSTRUCTION OF VIEW

HISTORIC REVERENCE EMERGENCY ROUTES REMAIN CLEAR STREET PARKING

19 Thesis

2With Environmental PsychologyRESEARCH PSYCHOLOGICAL DESIGN ELEMENTS

USE DIFFERENT MEDIUMS TO PRODUCE FORM

The second step to this method is learning how environmental psychology can enhance the environment that the designer creates. During this step the designer must research psychological ways to develop and improve the surrounding environment. A study is needed to observe the subconscious behaviors of the community to see which design elements they may be more subject to. Once the research portion of the project has taken its course the designer may start producing form based off their findings.

Whichever medium the designer chooses to produce the building, that shape must be altered with the psychological design elements that were discovered in the research portion of the method. Since the end result should be focused on the user and its relation to the architecture many different mediums should be used to describe the project. According to Robert Cowherd in WAR Vol.4, “Every idea demands its own way of telling – its own medium and mode of representation”. This thesis has used many mediums to explore the building form. These mediums include sketching, videos, modeling, Sketchup, Revit, and more.

Thesis 20

What are the psychological implications for the design proposal?

personal space18” - 48”

social space48” - 144”

public space144” - 300”+

visual relationships and strategic sight lines deals with form and proportion

Hall, Edward T. The Hidden Dimension. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1966.

Sommer, Robert. Personal Space: The Behavioral Basis of Design. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1969.

natural light = happier occupantsbright light = productive usersdim light = relaxed settingLehman, Maria. “Bringing Architecture to the Next Level.” In Sensing Architecture. 2010.

Zeisel, John. Inquiry by Design: Tools for Environment-behavior Research. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole Pub., 1981. Print.

subconscious connection to different spacesJohnston, Timothy D., and Alexandria T. Pietrewicz, eds. Issues in the Ecological Study of Learning. New York, NY: L. Erlbaum Associates, 1985.

Hertzberger, Herman. Space and the Architect: Lessons in Architecture. Vol. 2. Rotterdam: 010 Publishers, 2000.

What are the psychological implications on a design proposal?

FORM LIGHT MATERIAL

visual relationships and strategic sight lines deal with form and proportion

continous elements such as low seating, walls, material texture, and color all can unify a space even if they are not all fully enclosed

using light as a means of wayfinding to the main focus, the permanent market

unknown light source leads users to become more curious and exploratory. Reflective material and light shelves can enhance that feeling

material guides the user in the building based on similar floor, ceiling, or wall conditions

users subconsciously know where they are programmatically based on color or texture

21 Thesis

What are the psychological implications on a design proposal?

FORM LIGHT MATERIAL

- horizontal elements creates easy transitions when walking and it turns walking into a liesurely stroll

- vertical elements cuts up the space and makes pedetrians want to walk faster because the spaces are broken apart

- 10’ plus cei- 10’ plus ceiling heights is a better environment for creativity. 10’ or below ceiling hieghts is a better environement to focus

- a place of rest along corridors keeps the mind active

- use of a specific material can establish a cultural identity

- textured material can enhance the physical senses

- material changes on ground or ceiling levels can subconsiously determine program spaces

- natural light = happier occupants

- bright lights = productive user

- dim light = relaxed occupants

WITH ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY | Enhance with the Parameters (cont.)

operable shades and windows allow the user to feel in control because subconsiously the ability to alter their own comfort level aids confidence levels in the brain

10’ plus ceiling heights is a better environment for creativity. 10’ or below ceiling hieghts is a better environement to focus












horizontal elements creates easy transitions when walking and it turns walking into a liesurely stroll












vertical elements cuts up the space and makes pedetrians want to walk faster because the spaces are broken apart












material changes on ground or ceiling levels can subconsiously determine program spaces

layers of transparent material allow users to feel private without being trapped or enclosed

Thesis 22

How can designers bring those implications into their work?

FORM AND MATERIAL STUDIES

These studies were created with chipboard, musuem board, plexi, and other model making material.

+

23 Thesis

SECTIONAL MODEL

Thesis 24

SECTIONAL MODEL

SECTIONAL MODEL

25 Thesis

SECTIONAL MODELSECTIONAL MODEL

Thesis 26

27 Thesis

How can designers bring those implications into their work?

FORM AND LIGHT STUDIES

These studies were constructed mainly with charcoal and other graphite material.

+

Thesis 28

29 Thesis

Thesis 30

31 Thesis

Thesis 32

33 Thesis

Thesis 34

35 Thesis

Thesis 36

37 Thesis

Enhance the Experience3 CREATE THE CONCEPTDEVELOP PROPOSAL

EXPERIENCEWelcoming Vertical Market

MARKET- Visible and Public- Respecting and Growing HPA- Repare sidewalks and walkability- Storage, Heat, and Electricity - Trash Facilities

RETAIL SHOPS- Streetscape Presence- Office Space- Public Restrooms

Thesis 38

AGRICULTURAL CENTER- Historic Center- Gardening & Nutrition Classes

RESIDENTIAL HOUSING- Roughly 70 units to help ease tension of the North End- Security Office- Private Entrance

HIERARCHY DIAGRAM TRANSPARENT GROUND FLOOR DIAGRAM

39 Thesis

Thesis 40

41 Thesis

Thesis 42

43 Thesis

Application of MethodBOSTON’S AGRICULTURAL CENTERPARCEL 9 | HAYMARKET PROPOSAL

TRANSVERSE SECTION

Thesis 44

45 Thesis

COURTYARD PERSPECTIVE

Thesis 46

COURTYARD PERSPECTIVE WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL DESIGN ELEMENTS

47 Thesis

GROUND FLOOR - RETAIL

SECOND FLOOR - MARKET

THIRD FLOOR - RESTAURANT

FOURTH & FIFTH FLOOR - RESIDENTIAL

BLACKSTONE STREET PERSPECTIVE

Thesis 48

49 Thesis

SECOND FLOOR MARKET INTERIOR PERSPECTIVE

Thesis 50

SECOND FLOOR MARKET INTERIOR PERSPECTIVEWITH PSYCHOLOGICAL DESIGN ELEMENTS

51 Thesis

AERIAL VIEW

AERIAL VIEW

NORTH END PARK PERSPECTIVE

Thesis 52

53 Thesis

GROUND FLOOR MARKET PERSPECTIVE

Thesis 54

GROUND FLOOR MARKET PERSPECTIVE WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL DESIGN ELEMENTS

55 Thesis

LONGITUDINAL SECTION

Thesis 56

57 Thesis

NORTH STREET AND JOHN F. FITZGERALD SURFACE ROAD PERSPECTIVE

Thesis 58

NORTH STREET AND JOHN F. FITZGERALD SURFACE ROAD PERSPECTIVE WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL DESIGN ELEMENTS

59 Appendix

AP PPENDIX

Appendix 60

AP PPENDIXNotesWork Cited

61 Appendix

NOTESUnless otherwise noted, all translations are my own.

ABSTRACT

1 North End Waterfront Residents Association (NEWRA) - a member-driven non-profit organization whose purpose is to enhance the living experience and residential character of the unique neighborhood.

NorthEndWaterfront.com. News & Views for Boston’s North End & Waterfront Community.http://northendwaterfront.com/.

2 Haymarket Pushcart Association (HPA) - a small fruit and vegetable vendor in Boston, Massachusetts that has approximately 2 full time employees and is founded in 2001 to protect the historic nature of the traditional pushcart vendors.

The Haymarket Project: Historic New England.http://www.historicnewengland.org/events-programs/everyones-history/everyones-history-projects/the-haymarket-project/the-haymarket-project

RESEARCH

3 This passage was taken from Siny Objects Marketing in order to explain the process discussed in the probe assignment at the begining of Spring 2015 Semester.

LaBonte, David A. Shiny Objects Marketing: Using Simple Human Instincts To Make Your Brand Irresistible. John Wiley & Sons, 2008.

THESIS

4 Form Follows Function - phrase coined by Louis Sullivan to represent a principle that is associated with modernist architecture and industrial design in the 20th century.

Craven, Jackie. Louis Sullivan: American Architect Profile.http://architecture.about.com/od/greatarchitects/p/sullivan.htm.

5 Facts taken from the website titled Guggenheim: The Museums and Foundation.

Guggenheim (The Museums and Foundation)http://www.guggenheim.org/.

Appendix 62

WORK CITEDUnless otherwise noted, all translations are my own.

1.Baum, A. and Valins, S. Architecture and Social Behavior: Psychological Studies of Social Density. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, 1977.

2.Baum A., Singer J. E. and Valins S. Advances in Environmental Psychology: Vol I - The Urban Environment. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1978.

3.Berry, J. W. Ecological and Cultural Factors in Spatial Perceptual Development: In Environmental Psychology. Editors Proshansky H. M., Ittelson W. H. and Rivlin L. G. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, 1976.

4.Craven, Jackie. Louis Sullivan: American Architect Profile. http://architecture.about.com/ od/greatarchitects/p/sullivan.htm.

5.Cowherd, Ph.D., Robert. Wentworth Architecture Review. Lost and Found: John Hejduk and the Specific Autonomy of Drawing. 2014.

6.”Drawing as Thought.” 32 BNY. January 1, 2013. Accessed October 13, 2014. http://www.32bny. com/drawing-as-thought.

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© 2015 by Christina Strid | M.Arch Wentworth Institute of Technology

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Design Layout and Research:Christina Lynn Strid

christina strid | march thesis 2015

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