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Christian Reform in the 15th century

Luther, Calvin and Zwingli

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Martin Luther

Well-educated, on track to become a lawyer as a teenager.

When he was 21, he was traveling on horseback when he

was caught in a terrible storm. He thought he was going to

die, and cried out saying Save me, St. Anna, and I shallbecome a monk. He lived, and became a monk very soon.

This displays his belief in a personal relationship with God,

which was a major part of Lutheranism

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Luthers disagreement with the Church

Luther entered into an Augustinian monastery

The Order of Augustine was Catholic

After being a monk for 13 years in the

monastery, he publicized his 95 ThesesThe 95 Theses criticized aspects of

Catholicism not found in scripture

Four years later, he was excommunicated

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Luthers teachings

Despite his excommunication, Luthercontinued to lecture and teach at Univ. of

Wittenburg, until a few months after his

excommunication when he was placed underImperial Ban

While he was a wanted man he hid at

Wartburg Castle, where he translated theNew Testament into German.

After one year he returned to Wittenburg

and taught there for the remainder of his life

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Zwingli

Lived at the same time as Luther Received a very good education, influenced

by Erasmus (a humanist)

Gave up his position of authority unlikeLuther who was excommunicated

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Zwingli and Luther

Even though the two agreed in some issues,

they disagreed with each other as well

Both wanted a simpler belief system, but

Luther did not acknowledge Zwingli as a

brother in Christ because:

Luther was more dedicated to a pious

relationship with Christ

They disagreed on issues about the Lords Supper

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One generation younger than Luther and Zwingli

Luther and Zwingli broke the ice and Calvincontinued to make reforms in the church

Had a Humanistic education (like Zwingli)

Calvins essay Institutes of the Christian Religion

defended his beliefs, which were similar to Luthers,

and met much less resistance than Luther

and Zwingli encountered.

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The Effects of the Reform

Indulgences were abolished

Lutheranism and Calvinism split off from the

Catholic church and became very popular

Because of Luther, Scriptures became

available to common people and were not

exclusively for the church authorities

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Bibliography

http://www.newadvent.org/ (pages about Luther, Calvin and Zwingli)

http://www.ccel.org/l/ (pages about Luther, Calvin and Zwingli)

http://www.newadvent.org/http://www.ccel.org/l/http://www.ccel.org/l/http://www.newadvent.org/