chlorella vulgaris medicinal food

8/13/2019 Chlorella Vulgaris Medicinal Food

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Chlorella Vulgaris - Medicinal Food

by Dr. Frank Liebke

Preface and important background information

C.V.stands for Chlorella Vulgaris; Protect: represents one of theimportant health effects of chlorella namely the protection of the

human body from pollutants (e.g. heavy metals, dioin, !C"s etc.# and

other harmful substances such as various bacteria and viruses. !lease al$ays bear in mind that as aresult of the evolutionary process, man%ind&s digestive system has adapted very $ell to food from

animal and vegetable sources ($ith its single component of eu%aryotic cells#.

'n addition to the body-friendly bacteria such as lactobacillus and acidophilus, other members of the

primitive pro%aryotic family (bacteria, viruses etc.# are understood only as harmful invaders $hich

need to be $arded off by the immune system and may cause over-stimulation or suppression.

Chlorella supports the immune system in numerous $ays and helps to protect the body.

Chlorella is a true plant and a real food.

'n a time of constantly decreasing biological values regarding our daily food (fe$er minerals,vitamins etc.# and increasing overall stress to many people from pollution, Chlorella may serve

as a functional food in the best sense of )ippocrates: *et your food be your medicine; let your

medicine be your food.

Chlorella is a green spherical single celled fresh$ater micro-algae (smaller than a human red

blood cell# and has been on earth for over +. billion years since the !re-Cambrian !eriod.

ue to its small sie, Chlorella has been continuously forced to create effective mechanisms in

order to survive in an environment often etremely hostile to life. Climate upheavals, bacteria,

viruses, fungus and any %ind of pollution (e.g. high concentrations of heavy metals# are some

eamples of the training conditions for an absolutely outstanding survivor - Chlorella (acreature of earth, $ind and fire#.

'ts survival to modern times is a tribute to its hardiness, rapid /0 repair $ithout age and alsoto its strong defensive system against oidative damage or destruction resulting not only from

foreign invaders li%e bacteria and viruses, but also toic substances such as heavy metals. 1ome

of these abilities are more or less directly attributable to a uni2ue combination of certainsubstances named Chlorella Vulgaris 3tract (C.V.3.#.

0s you $ill see, all these characteristics are of great importance to Chlorella&s protective and

healing effects on Man.

4he name Chlorella derives from chlorophyll and t$o *atin $ords meaning leaf and small.
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'n order to feed its high-energy re2uirement, Chlorella possesses chlorophyll for the purpose ofphotosynthesis. Chlorella is the richest %no$n natural source of chlorophyll.

't is estimated that more than 5 million people in 6apan consume Chlorella daily and proves itto be a highly potent nutritional all-in-one-formula $hole food for a steadily increasing

number of satisfied customers.

Chlorella's composition

0pproimately 789 protein including amino acids and all eight amino acids considered to

be essential for man

More than +8 bio-available vitamins and minerals, especially rich in beta-carotene and vitamin

"+ (the plant source of "+#. "eta-carotene is very easily converted into vitamin 0 $ith thisbeing dependent upon the needs of the body. "eta-carotene also acts as a po$erful antioidant

$ithout having been converted into vitamin 0.

)ighest %no$n source of


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cell $all of Chlorella, but only of the strain !yrenoidosa (not Vulgaris#, $hich accelerates thedetoification of different toic chemicals=pollutants

@ith the help of self produced Alutathione (A1)# Chlorella protects itself against oygen

toicity through destruction of thiol-reactive oygen by-products during the process ofphotosynthesis. A1) may also be of help fighting against bacteria, as many bacteria do not

produce A1) to protect itself. A1) is the main enyme for detoification in human beings.

!hytosterols isolated from Chlorella sho$ed anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour properties.

@ater-soluble Alycoproteins from Chlorella are potent biological response modifiers and

increase host-defence against different harmful bacteria and virus infections in normal andimmune compromised hosts.

Banthophyll (also %no$n as lutein# has a yello$ish colour and is the dominant carotenoid thatprotects our eyes. Banthophyll is especially concentrated in the macula, our true centre of sight

at the bac% of the retina. 't does, for eample, absorb the damaging blue rays from the light

spectrum. Banthophyll serves Chlorella and us in the same $ay. /o plant has a higher contentof anthophylls $ith even carrots having a lo$er level. ue to its high content of beta-carotene

and cartenoids Chlorella should normally display a colour bet$een yello$, red and orange. "ut

its uni2ue high level of chlorophyll is responsible for its typical deep green colour $hich covers

all other bioactive pigments.

C.V.3. (Chlorella Vulgaris 3tract# is an absolutely uni2ue hot $ater etract of Chlorella. 3ven

today, the full ma%e-up hasn&t yet been identified but the variety of substances already %no$nproves C.V.3. to be the most important component of Chlorella. C.V.3. is the number one focus

of attention to many 1 and 6apanese Chlorella scientists. 4hey $or% hard to discover the

secret of C.V.3. and have found a combination of different substances including amino peptides

(li%e glutathione#, acidic glycoproteins, galactose-rich carbohydrate and nucleic acids. 4heC.V.3. content of ra$ Chlorella Vulgaris being appro. D-9. 4he hot $ater etract of

Chlorella $as named Aro$th Factor because it gives Chlorella its genetic po$er to 2uadruple

in less than +E hours. ?n the other hand, the stimulation of faster and healthier gro$th amongstyoung animals and young children sho$s that this gro$th boosting effect isn&t limited to

Chlorella. 'n adults you $on&t see any gro$th stimulation, but ho$ever, an acceleration of

tissue repair and cell regeneration. !lease note that C.V.3. never stimulates pathological gro$thas for eample cancer, but displays anti-tumour and anti-metastasis properties. C.V.3. is the

ideal partner for Chlorella in order to achieve the %ind of po$erful synergistic effect you

normally $ouldn&t get $ith C.V.3. or Chlorella alone.

uring some environmental disasters (e.g. cadmium poisoning itai-itai in 6apan D8 years ago#,

Chlorella proved its po$ers of detoification very impressively.


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intention to help chronically contaminated people, r. . Glinghardt, !h, M..(10# $as thepioneer in the field of creating a gentle but po$erful detoification treatment. )e started around >

and since that time his deto protocol is much changed; but $ith one eception - Chlorella still

remains at the top of the protocol as an absolutely essential tool. r. F. *ieb%e (Aermany#, $ho li%e r.

Glinghardt is a specialist in detoification, has more than ten years of eperience in detoificationusing Chlorella. )is $or% confirms the incredible results r. Glinghardt has eperienced $ith his

treatment protocol.

Chlorella&s remar%able detoifying capacity relates to the body&s natural toic by-products as

$ell as environmental toins, such as heavy metals and pesticides.

't&s very important to %no$ that once a toin has bound to Chlorella it $on&t ta%e off any more,under no circumstances. 3very time Chlorella chelates toins in the intestinal tract, the

Chlorella=toin-comple leaves the body unbro%en by $ay of the faeces.

For detoification purposes, it is recommended to ta%e Chlorella on an empty stomach

Aenerally there are t$o different strains of Chlorella available on the mar%et: Ch. !yrenoidosaand Ch. Vulgaris. 4hey certainly differ in a fe$ details of fact, but to cut a long story short, the

main points are: ?nly Ch. !yrenoidosa possesses 1poropollein and normally has a higher

content of "+. Ch. Vulgaris balances this disadvantage having a slightly better digestibility

(softer cell $all# and on average, a higher chlorophyll and C.V.3. content.

Product outline of VitaGreen's CV Protect

VitaAreen-directH $as founded in E and has become a maor $holesaler for Chlorella

products.

VitaAreen-directH %no$s nearly all of the $orld&s leading manufactures of Chlorella. 4he

decision of buying depends only upon the 2uality. /o contracts or minimum order amountconstricts VitaAreen&s freedom of choice.

VitaAreen-directH al$ays loo%s for the best 2uality. ?ne of our most reliable partners is theo$ner of the biggest farms in 0sia and is resident in 4ai$an $ith others in 6apan and China.

4hey are '1? 88+ and G01 certified.

Follo$ing 2uality re2uirements must be fulfilled to admit and to %eep to the product family ofVitaAreen-directH (applying to both Chlorella strains !yrenoidosa and Vulgaris#:

o 4he complete Chlorella manufacturing process has to be strictly monitored by hygiene

specialists and microbiologists. 4he 2uality control must include:


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o 'ndependent tests carried out on a regular basis.

o 4he identification and selection of superior strains as the first step of indoor cultivation.

o 4a%ing care to ensure the best possible conditions for outdoor cultivation in specialoutdoor pools (in a controlled environment this of course much safer than a natural la%e#

having mineral-rich $ater, $hich is absolutely fresh, strong sunlight and the cleanest of air.

o sing a special filter system (cost intensive# instead of chemicals (cheap# for

separating the Chlorella cells from the carrier $ater and other co-eistent organisms.

o 3nsuring the purity and freshness.

o Final vacuumed steriliation to ensure the very best of both purity and solidity $ith no

irradiation.

o For optimum digestibility a special procedure is needed to brea% do$n the hard $all of

the Chlorella cell and is accomplished by either spray drying or disruption by the yno-mill process. "oth methods result in the same digestibility rate of 5->9. 4here is noreason to favour the milling. 't is merely done for commercial purposesH @e favour the

ne$ ltra-et-sprayed dried process of our vulgaris strain that ensures maimum

digestibility and availability of its nutrients. /evertheless to carry on $ith pic%ing the

pyrenoidosa strain is al$ays a $ise choice.

o "efore Chlorella is pac%ed for delivery it undergoes a chemical component and

microbe analysis.

Many people are already used to ta%ing Chlorella for preventative reasons and to balance their daily

diet in a healthy $ay. 4hey also see% constant protection against environmental pollutants (e.g.industrial smo%e, tobacco smo%e, car ehaust fumes, oone, B-rays etc.# or polluted food etc. Formedical purposes, a diet based on Chlorella has proven to be of great benefit.

!s nowadays virtually every chronic disease is strongly suspected to be attributable to an absorption

of e"cess environmental to"ins# a Chlorella based diet is always a good choice for patients suffering

from any $ind of chronic illness

Currently, a clinical trial designed as a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised study has sho$n

convincing results from the use of Chlorella in the treatment of fibromyalgia (in the 1 often called

toic metal syndrome#, hypertension and ulcerative colitis, ho$ever in connection $ith an etraregularly ta%e of C.V.3.

'n 6apan, Chlorella is called the Areat regulator because of its ability to normalie pathological body

functions. For eample, it doesn&t matter as to $hether the blood pressure malfunction is hypo- orhypertension.

%ecommended daily dosage for general prevention and protection:


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g-+g to be ta%en +-D times a day $ith meals and a minimum of one glass of $ater.

%ecommended dosage for specific symptoms and for deto"ification purposes &we strongly advise

previous consultation with a physician(:

0 gradual increase to 7g - +g per day (or even more# as divided up doses $ith a

minimum t$o glasses of $ater each time (preferably on an empty stomach#.

"ecause Chlorella is a fresh$ater algae, it has no significant iodine content, therefore people $ith a

dysfunction of the thyroid may ta%e Chlorella $ithout any restrictions.

For optimum results, Chlorella should be ta%en continuously over a period of several months."ecause Chlorella is a food, it can be ta%en $ith medications and on an empty stomach .

Important:4o avoid any %ind of (very rare=seldomH# initial reactions such as irregular bo$el

movement (including intestinal gas and bloating#, nausea, slight fever, rashes or ecema, $erecommend to begin slo$ly $ith one tablet +-D times a day. 4he intestinal reactions especially often

indicate a need for cleansing but most of these symptoms usually clear up $ithin a fe$ days (-+

$ee%s at the longest#. Mostly, they are general signs of the healing process.0llergic reactions are possible (though also very rare# and if suspected, administration must be halted.

?ne may start again at a reduced dose several days later.

Chlorella is a safe functional food

'n +88 r. -D+.

3nvironmental factors are no$ generally believed to be involved in the causation of nearly all cancers.Further, the @orld )ealth ?rganiation has estimated that environmental factors constitute +-DD9 of

global disease burden. 0ccordingly, since the creation of organic=inorganic chemicals in the late th

century, the global community has faced an eponential rise in the production and subse2uent

eposure to environmental chemicals.0s a result, there has been a relative upsurge in the levels of human eposure to these toic elements.

@hile the concentrations of these chemicals generally remain belo$ their no-observed-effectsconcentrations (/?3Cs# $ithin the environment, researchers are discovering that the combination ofsuch chemicals produces significant health haards that are not generally seen $ith isolated

concentrations of individual chemicals.

4his revie$ investigates the premise that harmless isolated chemicals cause significant health haards

$hen the chemicals are combined $ithin the environment. Further, eposure to combined toic

chemicals can be neutralied by Chlorella pyrenoidosa, a fresh $ater species of green algae that

contains detoifying chemicals that function in concert to support the human detoification system.


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"#ogenous %o#ins and !uman !ealth

)umans are eposed to $ide use synthetic=industrial chemicals that produce unfavorable health

effects. (# Figure offers eamples of such chemicals.

@hile it is beyond the scope of this revie$ to provide comprehensive documentation for the specificmechanisms $hereby each of these %no$n toic chemical causes damage to the human body, Figure Doffers an overvie$ of the most prevalent health challenges associated $ith eposure to environmental

toins and impaired detoification mechanisms.

espite the fact that the relative levels of isolated environmental chemical eposure to humans is lo$,

ne$ data is emerging that elucidates the measurable adverse health effects $hich may be associated

$ith combined eposure to multiple chemicals at no-observed-effect-concentrations (/?3Cs#.

Combined *o+bser$ed"ffectConcentrations of "n$ironmental Chemicals

0 recent study completed by r. 1ilva and colleagues (D# demonstrated that estrogenic chemicalsbelo$ their /?3Cs act together to produce significant effects. 4hese researchers tested multi-

component mitures of eight $ea% environmental chemicals %no$n to bind to estrogen receptors,

including hydroylated polychlorinated biphenyls, benophenones, parabenes, bisphenol 0 andgenestein. 4he mitures $ere prepared so that no one chemical $ould contribute disproportionately to

the overall effect based on their %no$n individual potencies. Concentrations of the individual

components ranged from 8.88E ImicroJM to .8E ImicroJM 4he researchers measured the estrogeniceffects of the lo$ dose chemical miture utiliing the Keast 3strogen 1creen. sing this reporter gene

assay, they first demonstrated that each chemical tested activated the genetically modified yeast cells&

estrogen receptor protein.

4he additive combined effects of the $ea% estrogenic compounds $ere then calculated using four

separate models -- concentration addition, toicity e2uivalency factors, effect summation, and

independent action. From these estimations, the researchers determined that the concentration additionand toicity e2uivalency factor approach $ere valid methods for the calculation of additive miture

effects, as there $as ecellent agreement bet$een prediction and observation.


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enymatic reactions that drive the human detoification system. 4his detoification net$or% involvesthe !hase ' and !hase '' enymatic reactions that ta%e place in nearly all cells in the body, though they

are concentrated in the liver cells. !hase ' detoification reactions change non-polar chemicals that are

not $ater-soluble into relatively polar, $ater-soluble compounds. 4he !hase ' process can result in the

formation of reactive chemicals that are typically more toic than the original compounds. !hase ''detoification is necessary therefore to add chemical groups to the toic intermediates to ma%e them

$ater-soluble so that they may easily be ecreted via urine and=or feces. !hase ' and !hase ''detoification path$ays must remain functional for the removal of toins from the body. 4his researchfocuses specifically on the Chlorella pyrenoidosa species of green algae recognied for its

detoification properties.

Chlorophyll Content in Chiorella pyrenoidosa

Chiorella pyrenoidosa contains the uppermost level of chlorophyll (+>. g=%g# of any %no$n plant onearth. (D+# Chiorophylls and their derivatives form molecular complees $ith environmental toins,

inactivating them by preventing their binding to /0 and cellular receptors. (DD-D7# Chlorophyll may

also non-specifically inhibit cytochrome !E8 activity, reducing !hase ' molecular processes that may

lead to carcinogen activation.


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(E8# 'n addition to tertiary functional compounds that are clearly present in Chlorella pyrenoidosa thatare specific for supporting detoification, the algae also contains a $ide spectrum of nutritive

compounds that function synergistically to support the elimination of environmental toins from the

body.

*utriti$e Content

'n nature, one seldom finds a single vitamin, mineral, amino acid, or phytochemical eisting on itso$n. #

4his nutrient-dense $hole food also contains tertiary detoification compounds that are concentrated

$ithin its cell $all structure.

%o#inbsorpti$e Properties Inherent in Chlorella pyrenoidosa's Cell )all ,tructure

Chiorella pyrenoidosa has a distinctive cell $all structure $ith a chemical composition that is partlyresponsible for the algae&s toin-absorbing capabilities. (E# 4he cell $all is comprised of

approimately D9 hemicellulose, +59 protein, .E9 alpha-cellulose, .+9 lipid, .+9 ash and

D.D9 glucosamine. (E+#


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digestibility.

Discussion

/utritional detoification programs are being recognied throughout the $orld as an effective meansfor naturally removing environmental toins from the body. *i%e$ise, nutraceutical agents are

spar%ing the interest of many research scientists as a safe and gentle approach to health, $ithout theun$anted side effects often associated $ith pharmaceutical drugs. /utritional detoification, as atreatment modality, has perhaps eperienced the most interest $ith etensive studies completed and in

progress on isolated nutrients that affect the human detoification system. "y far the most influential

studies have been done on isolated detoification cofactors, including glutathione, glycine, vitamin C,inc, selenium, indole-D-carbinols and others. 4hese studies, for the most part, have overloo%ed the

medicinal value inherent in utiliing $hole foods such as Chlorella pyrenoidosa ($ith the K/?(r#-

Mill process employed to preserve the algae&s detoifying cell $all properties# that contain cofactors,as they natura lly occur, that function synergistically to remove environmental toins from the body.

Aiven the compleity and overlapping functions of the many facets of the human detoification

system, it is unli%ely that a single nutrient or tertiary functional compound is $holly responsible forthe effects that Chiorella pyrenoidosa imparts on the body&s natural response to eogenous toic

chemical eposure.

4he research outlined throughout this revie$ points to the elegant and dynamic interplay that occurs

bet$een nutrients, amino acids and phytochemicals as they $or% together to produce a clinical effect

on detoification that is far greater than the individual components.

IF'A +.7BI8.sup.-DJ 8

9 inhibition of activity


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3nymatic activity (ImicroJM chlorophyllin#(CK!E8# 8 +8 8 88

)uman liver microsomes

0+ E >+ L L+07 7 58 >> >

+3 D 78 7 L+07, 0+, +"7, +F > 5> >E 5D0E, 0+, +C>==8 E 78 > E

D0E E8 58 >5

D0E, +"7 7 > L L

%able /

/utrient !rofile of Chlorella. (D>#

Vitamins and (inerals

"eta Carotene

"iotinCalcium

Chlorophyll a

Chlorophyll bFolic acid

'nositol

'odine

Magnesium/iacin

!0"0

!antothenic acid!hosphorous

!yridoine


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,E7 mg 7D mg

+7. mcg

7 mg

788 mg D mg

+D.> mg 8.7 mg .D mg

> mg

.5 mg E.> mg

. mg

,88 ' +. mcg

.7 mg

N '

75 mg 5 mg

.8>mg

mino cids Found in Chlorella

*ysine)istidine

0rginine

0spartic 0cid

4hreonine1erine

Alutamic acid

!rolineAlycine

0lanine

CysteineMethionine

'soleucine

*eucine

4yrosine!henylalanine

?rnithine

4ryptophan

Fatty cid Content 1 of %otal

nsaturated fatty acids: >.> 1aturated fatty acids: >.+

C E:8 8.7


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C E: 8.C E:+ 8.

C 7:8 .7

C 7: .

C 7:+ .C 7.D 5.

C >.8 +.8C >: 8.8C >:+ .

C >:D ++.>

Figure . 3amples of $idely used synthetic and other industrial chemicals that have documented

adverse health reactions.

3amples of 1ynthetic and ?ther 'ndustrial Chemicals that are 4oic to )umans (+-E#

Carbamates

ithiocarbamates

ry cleaning chemicals (e.g., tetrachloroethylene#

Fire retardants (e.g., polybromated biphenyls#

Aasoline (e.g., benene, ethylbenene#

)eavy metals (e.g., mercury, amalgam fillings, lead, cadmium#

Methoychlor

Mothballs and room deodoriers (e.g., paradichlorobenene#

!aints (e.g., ylene#

!esticides (e.g., organophosphates, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, endrin, lindane, chlordane#

!etroleum and coal tar products and foods that have come in contact $ith them (e.g., polycyclic

aromatic hydrocarbons#

!lastics, foam rubber and insulation (e.g., pthalates, vinylidene chloride, bisphenol 0, styrene#

!olychlorinated biphenyls

1olvents (e.g., dichlorobenene, ylene, ethylphenol styrene, and styrene#

Figure D

3amples of prevalent health challenges associated $ith eposure to


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environmental toins and impaired detoification mechanisms.

)ealth Challenges 0ssociated $ith 4oicity 1yndromes

0utoimmune isease (7,5# Cancer (>-D#

Cardiovascular isorder (E# 3ndocrine isruption (#Aastrointestinal isturbance (7# 'nfertility (5#Gidney amage (>,# *o$ "irth @eight (+8#

/eurological isease (+-+# ?besity (+7#

1ic% "uilding 1yndrome (+5-+# 1pontaneous 0bortion (D8#(+#: >-+.

(7.# Crinnion @6. +888. 3nvironmental medicine, part E: pesticides -- biologically persistent and

ubi2uitous toins. 0ltern Med


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(+.# Flesch-6anys, . et at. 8>. 3pidemiolegical investigation of breast cancer incidence in a cohort

of female $or%ers $ith high eposure to !C=CF and )C). ?rganohalogen Compounds EE:D5-

D>+.

(D.# Flodstrom, 1. and . A. 0hlborg. +. 7(#: 85-5.

(5.# 1allmen M. *indbohm M*, 0nttila 0, Gyyronen !, 4as%inen ). /y%yri 3, ) emmin%i G. >.4ime to pregnancy among the $ives of men eposed to organic solvents. ?ccap 3nviron Med

6an;(#+E-D8.

(>.# Morshed GM, 6ain 1G, McMartin G3. >. !ropylene glycol-mediated call inury in a primary

culture of human proimal tubule cells. 4oicol 1ci ec;E7(+#:E8-5.

(.# "oe%elheide G. >5. +,-)eanedione alters microtubule assembly. ''. 3nhanced polymeriationof crosslin%ed tubulin. 4oicol 0ppl !harmacol May;>>(D#:D>D-7.

(+8.# Ghatta% 1, G-Moghtader A, McMartin G, "arrera M, Gennedy , Goren A. . !regnancyoutoome follo$ing gestational eposure to organic solvents: a prospective controlled study. 60M0 1ep

;+>+(#:8DD.

(+.# Aasie$ic 40. 5. ioins and the 0h receptor: probes to uncover processes in

neuroendocrine development. /eurotoicology >(+#:DD-ED.

(++.# Cooper A!, Manalis D. 'nfluence of heavy metals on synaptic transmission: a revie$./eurotoicology @inter;E(E#:7->D.

(+D.# 0tchison @, )are MF. E. Mechanisms of methylmercury-induced neurotaicity. F0"3< 66un;>(#:7++-.

(+E.# 4hompson CM, Mar%esbery @>.


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(+7.# "aillie-)amilton !F. Chemical toins: a hypothesis to eplain the global obesity epidemic. +88+.

6 0ltern Comp Med 0pr;>(+#:>-+.

(+5.# 5. iagnosing the tight building syndrome. 3nviron )ealth !erspect ec;57:->.

(+>.# Menies 't, 4amblyn ), Farant 6!, )anley 6, /unes F, 4amblyn (+#:>+-5.

(+.# Middaugh 0, !inney 1M, *ine ). . 1ic% building syndrome. Medical evaluation of t$o

$or% forces. 6 ?ccap Med ?ec;DE(+#:5-+8D.

(D8.# Bu B, Cho 1', 1ammel M, Kou *, Cui 1, )uang K, Ma A, !adungtod C, !othier *, /iu 4,

Christiani , 1mith 4, . 0ssociation of petrochemical eposure $ith

spontaneous abortion. ?ccup 3nviron Med 6an;(#:D-7

(D.# 1ilva 3, #:5-7.

(D+.# Merchant < and 0ndre C., +88. ietary supplemenation $ith Chlorella pyrenaidosa produces

positive results in patients $ith cancer or suffering from certain common chronic illnesses. 60/0E+#: D->.

(DD.# Chung. @. et at. +888. !rotective effects of hemin and tetra%is(E-benoic acid#porphyrin on

bacterial mutagenesis and mouse s%in carcinogenesis induced by 5,+dimethybenIaJanthracene.Mutaf


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(E8.# /ic% A. +88. Clinical !urification: 0 Complete 4reatment and 8->D, >5

+ "en-"asset,.; Mayer, 0.M.: >-, >+.

5 1hieh, K.6.; "arger, 6: pta%e of mercury by chlorella and its effect on potassium regulation.

!lanta, 8: E-78, 5D

> 1neddon. 6.; !appas, C.!: "inding and removal of metal irons in solution by an algae biomass. 0m.


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3nviron. *ab, 8: -D, .

@il%inson, 1.C.; Aoulding, G.).; >.

+8 4ana%a, G.; Gonishi, F.; )imeno, G: 0ugmentation of anti-tumour resistance by astrain of unicellular green algae, chlorella vulgaris. Cancer 'mmunology and

'mmunotheraphy, 5: 8-E, >E. >D

+ Morita, G., Matsueda 4., 'ida, 4., )asega$a, 4.: Chlorella accelerates dioin ecretion in rats.


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6ournal of nutrition + (#: 5D-7,

++ Gunimasa M., Masahiro ?., )asega$a, 4.: Chlorophyll derived from chlorella inhibits dioin

absorption from the gastrointestinal tract and accelerates dioin ecretion in rats. 3nvironmental

)ealth !erspectives 8: +>, +88

+D Merchant, -D77, 5

+7 4ravesio, *.= Caniares, ->, 57

+ !alacios, Mayorga 1., et al.: 0lgunas modificationes al aislamiento y cultivo de chlorella vulgaris"eierinc%.


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D Goima, M.= Gasaima, K.: 0 ne$ chlorella polysaccharide and its accelerating effect on the

phagoytose activity of the reticuloendothelial system. 5->+,

/agano, 4.=1u%eta, K., et al.: 0bsorption and ecretion of chlorella ellipsoidea cadmium-binding

protein and inorganic cadmium in rats. 6pn. 6. )yg., D>: 5E-5E5, >D

+ Carr, ).!., Carino, F.0., et al.: Characteriation of the cadmium-binding capacity of chlorella

vulgaris. "ull. 3nviron. Contam. 4oicol., 78: EDD-EE8, >

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