BOOK REVIEWS 743

areas. The presentation is scholarly and thorough, with raw data clearly available in some 40 detailed tables in the Appendix. Goldfarb holds both Ph.D. and M.D. Degrees and is Professor of Psychiatry at Columbia University. While the framework is essentially that of experimental psychopathology rather than behavioral analysis, much valuable data are contained within these few hundred pages. In his Conclusion, Goldfarb highlights both the utility and the hazards of the concept of childhood schizophrenia as a diagnostic entity. One sentence stands out: "The present investigation demonstrates how schizophrenic children may improve significantly--even dramatically--in many attitudes and adaptive functions and still remain globally deviant relative to normal children."

KATZENBERG, ARLENE CHMIL. How to Draw Graphs. Kalamazoo, MI: Behaviordelia, 1974, ix + 149 Pp. $3.95.

Doubting the need for an entire book on graphs, I conducted a little survey involving students, journals, books, term papers, faculty, and even some of my own early publica- tions. The results surprised, depressed, and convinced me of the intrinsic accuracy of Arlene Katzenberg's thesis: There is a clear need for a programmed text on how to con- struct acceptable graphs for technical writing. It is very easy to teach a student how to draw graphs, all that is required is many hours of individualised instruction and training! The program offered here-empir ical ly validated--requires very little monitoring or faculty effort. Students, faculty, and all who need to prepare graphs for technical reports, will find this little book truly invaluable.

SCHULTZ, DUANE. A History of Modern Psychology (Second Edition). New York: Aca- demic Press, 1975, xvii + 395 Pp. $10.95.

The new edition is strikingly similar to its predecessor. Focusing primarily upon the nin- teenth and twentieth centuries, the development and decline of different systematic posi- tions or schools of thought are delineated. The history of modern psychology is viewed as a series of orderly and meaningful patterns with a definite continuity of development from one school of thought to its subsequent successor. Functionalism, behaviorism, gestalt psychology and psychoanalysis are all surveyed in depth. Discussion of each school concludes with an attempt at objective evaluation of deficits and contributions in terms of the prevailing Zeitgeist and what followed after. The style is happily not pedantic. The undergraduate will find it highly readable, and the professor will he equally satisfied. And yet, I find the overall tenor far from objective. Behavior therapy as a sturdy and viable movement is given short shrift--if any shrift at all. The "Epilogue" concludes with a little lecture on "The Future: Humanistic Psychology?" which could well be a preamble to a pol- icy declaration of the Association for Humanistic Psychology. Developments in modem behavior therapy are either inaccurately reported or largely ignored.

SWAZEY, JUDITH P. Chlopromazine in Psychiatry: A Study of Therapeutic Innovation. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1974, xx + 340 Pp. $17.50.

Part I of this National Research Council sponsored monograph explores the historical development of Chlorpromazine, leading to its eventual synthesis in France in 1950. Part II considers the events that led to its current prominent place in clinical psychiatry. The author is a sociologist and historian rather than a behavioral scientist and this, perhaps, ac- counts for the primarily anecdotal flavor of her narrative. Nevertheless, this is informative

7 4 4 BOOK REVIEWS

and engaging reading for those whose concern is not primarily with data or technical de- tails.

GRACE, HELEN K. The Development o f a Child Psychiatric Treatment Program. New York: Halsted (Wiley), 1974, 228 Pp. $12.50.

This book is essentially the author 's doctoral dissertation, but--unlike most disserta- t i o n s - i t is of major significance. The author was precipitated from nursing into sociology by her experiences as an administrator in the State Mental Health Department, and this is the subject of the present book. She is a bit coy about identifying the state explicitly, but she is now Associate Professor in the Department of Psychiatric Nursing at the University of Illinois.

In this revealing study, the development of a psychiatric treatment program for children is traced from inception to its integration into a state-wide program. The process whereby the original goal--the treatment of inner-city chi ldren-becomes subverted (unwittingly or otherwise) to the bureaucratic goal of survival of the program for its own sake is meticu- lously and insightfully documented. For those whose concern is with the politics of pro- gram survival--and who can disregard this at the administrative level?--the book is essen- tial reading. It is also a well written text which makes its point with clarity and with candor.

PERRUCCI, ROBERT. Circle o f Madness: On Being Insane and Institutionalized in America. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1974, xiv + 176 Pp. $7.95 ($2.95 Paper).

This book is about life in a large Midwestern State Mental Hospital from the first-hand perspective of a leading sociologist, now Professor of Sociology at Purdue University. Data collection occupied an entire year of field work, including a variety of sociometric, observational and interview measures directly involving both patients and staff. In his introductory overview of the history of psychiatric hospitalization, the author briefly--perhaps too briefly--touches upon the various models of madness and their prac- tical implications. What his survey reveals is of compelling interest in this respect: a closed, caste-like society, whereby a person's place in the pecking order and his ability to conform were used to judge his relative sanity. Courageously, Perrucci takes a firm posi- tion and, among other things, argues from his data that hospitalization for all but those who pose a real danger to themselves or to others should be replaced by community-based treatment facilities. If his findings are representative--and there is little reason to think that they are not his study is of extreme importance.

BAKER, E. Jo, & MCPHEETERS, HAROLD L. Middle-Level Workers: Characteristics, Training and Utilization o f Mental Health Associates. Community Mental Health Journal Monographs, Series No. 8. New York: Behavioral Publications, 1975, 67 Pp. $3.95.

The past decade has seen the emergence of some 150 two-year programs for the training of so-cailed "middle-- level" workers in the mental health field. While roles and scope are still in the formative stages, the intent is clearly to encompass many functions traditionally performed by professionals or specialists. It is with the documentation, analysis, impetus and development of this movement that the present survey report is concerned. The Ques- tionnaires for Supervisors, reported in full in the Appendices, are particularly useful.