chicken farmers of saskatchewanpublications.gov.sk.ca/documents/20/94322-chicken.pdf · 2015...

Chicken Farmers of Saskatchewan

2014 Annual Report

2

Putting a Face to the Name 3

Reports 4

♦ Chair 4

♦ Chief Executive Officer 5

♦ Chicken Farmers of Canada Director 6

♦ Market Review 7

Saskatchewan Poultry Extension Service 9

♦ Table of Contents 10

♦ Introduction 11

♦ General 11

♦ Broiler Hatching Egg Producers 15

♦ Chicken Producers 17

♦ Turkey Producers 21

♦ Table Egg Producers 22

♦ Budget Reports and Predictions 25

SCIDF Report 26

2015 Chicken Farmers of Saskatchewan Budget 28

Please see insert for 2014 Financial Report

Cover photos (except the photo of the CFS display) courtesy of the Chicken Farmers of Canada

3

Putting A Face to the Name…..

From Left to Right

Back Row: Elyse Germain (Quality Control Specialist), Wally Sloboshan (Director), Diane

Pastoor (Chair), Tim Keet (Director), Rudy Martinka (Chicken Farmers of Canada Director)

Front Row: Gale Kellington (Office Manager), Clinton Monchuk (Chief Executive Officer),

Christina Nelson (Market Analyst)

Missing: Henry Van Ee (Vice-Chair), Colleen Kohlruss (Executive Assistant and Promotions),

Tamara McLoughlin (Quality Control Specialist—maternity leave), OFFSAP Auditors: Aaron

Neufeld and Colin Gerbrandt

4

Reports

CFS Chair Diane Pastoor The year 2014 showed great challenges and successes for us provincially as

well as na�onally. Your board has diversified talents and skills that have

worked towards progress on numerous items. We completed a strategic plan

that has been put in place un�l 2017. We have also furthered the profession-

alism of the board by conduc�ng governance training to enhance the efficien-

cy of our team. We are encouraged by the con�nuity of our roles this year

adding to the team efficiency of our group. The Chicken Farmers of Saskatche-

wan has shown to be a leader na�onally around issues such as differen�al

growth. We will con�nue working hard to sustain and support our industry for

you, our farmers, and for our industry as a whole. Thank you for the oppor-

tunity to be an important part of our future for us and our families.

Diane Pastoor

Our Vision for 2017 Chicken Farmers of Saskatchewan will be an industry leader in all aspects of poultry pro-

duction in Canada

Our Mission To preserve and grow the Saskatchewan chicken industry through managing the supply of

wholesome, high quality chicken.

We Value Integrity, Collaborative relationships, Innovation, The family farm and Financial sustainabil-

ity

5

Chief Executive Officer Clinton Monchuk

The 2014 calendar year for the Chicken Farmers of Saskatchewan (CFS) focused on develop-

ment of different facets of our industry. The CFS established a new three-year strategic plan,

updated policies and worked on a new differen�al growth formula for Canada.

The vision to 2017 is that the CFS will be the leader in all aspects of chicken produc�on in Can-

ada and included five main desired outcomes. These five desired outcomes will encompass

the strategic direc�on that the CFS Board will take in the next three years and include:

1.Increased number of family farms

2. Consumers trust the safety of the chicken

3. Healthy supply management in Canada

4. Strengthen the coopera�on and increase efficiencies of all agriculture groups

5. Farmers have access to most advanced methods to grow healthy chickens economically

The CFS Board con�nues to update policies to be5er serve our chicken farmers and the indus-

try. The produc�on sleeve on ‘Over and Under Produc�on’ was changed through Board Order

74/14. The new produc�on sleeve offers farmers the ability to produce between 94% and 106% of their alloca�on without finan-

cial penalty and con�nued support to subtract or add their produc�on six cycles in the future. With the widened sleeve monetary

penal�es were also changed to 44 cents/kg for produc�on between 106% to 111% of alloca�on and 88 cents/kg over 111% of

alloca�on. The CFS will con�nue to monitor this policy to see if any changes are needed in the future.

In an effort to ensure farmers and interested new board members have up-to-date informa�on on the CFS Board we have estab-

lished ‘CFS Board Member Policies’ and ‘CFS Produc�on Polices’ documents. The CFS Board Member Policies include what is re-

quired of board members and their roles and responsibili�es, while the CFS Produc�on Policies highlight our policies around the

produc�on of chicken. Both documents can be found on our website, Saskatchewanchicken.ca, in the ‘Newsle5ers & More’ tab,

under ‘Policy’.

The CFS has also taken an ac�ve role in social media. As the world around us changes to an ‘I want it now’ informa�on age, the

CFS has to ensure factual informa�on is out there. Near the end of 2014 we developed a Facebook page and have been pos�ng

everything from how chickens are raised to chicken recipes to an interview with me on CTV’s Farmgate. Please be our friend on

Facebook!

The differen�al growth subject in the Canadian chicken industry con�nues to be of high importance. Although the CFS Board has

signed the Memorandum of Understanding, with nine other provinces plus the Chicken Farmers of Canada, support from provin-

cial supervisory boards is s�ll required. The CFS Board and staff will con�nue to work toward a posi�ve outcome.

I appreciate the phone calls, emails and random stop-ins from farmers to discuss chicken produc�on and policy. Thank you for

giving me the opportunity to work with the CFS Board and staff over the past year and I look forward to 2015!

Yours truly,

Clinton Monchuk

6

Chicken Farmers of Canada Director Rudy Martinka

It has been a busy 2014 as your director at the CFC. Reaching an agreement at

the CFC, finally, on the differen�al growth issue was the major accomplish-

ment. We have not yet reached consensus with all provincial governments to

sign the amended opera�ng agreement based on the formula that was devel-

oped. Obviously their support is needed if we want the supply management

system in the broiler chicken industry. This differen�al growth proposal would

provide stability to all of those involved in the industry from farmers to proces-

sors to consumers. The formula would move some produc�on to areas of

need, while maintaining the base produc�on of all of the provinces. Maintain-

ing that base was a key to reaching an agreement. I believe that because sup-

ply management is a na�onal program, we have to con�nually keep that in

mind within any solu�on.

As a member of the Produc�on Commi5ee at CFC, I am also involved in the

development of a code of prac�ce for the raising of broiler chicken. It is an in-

teres�ng process ini�ated and funded by the federal government. There are challenges when considering

the agenda of some animal rights groups. I am hoping that the guidelines in the code will be easy for produc-

ers to follow.

Tim Keet is the CFC representa�ve to the Canadian Poultry Research Council. He can update you on the pro-

jects that they are involved in. Maybe with Tim’s input, they will have all of our produc�on issues solved in

short order!

We at CFC will con�nue to a5empt to set alloca�ons to supply the Canadian market. As well, CFC con�nues

to press the government to follow the trade agreements which have been reached so that the majority of

the chicken on our customer’s plate is raised by a Canadian farmer and processed by a Canadian processor.

I would like to thank the growers for their support of the board par�cularly on the differen�al growth issue. I

urge you to talk to your MP, MLA and your processor to get their support for the proposal. We need a na-

�onal chicken agreement. It is in all of our best interests!

Rudy Mar�nka

7

Market Review

9

Saskatchewan Poultry Extension Service

University of Saskatchewan

Annual Report

January – December 2014

Prepared for:

Chicken Farmers of Saskatchewan

Saskatchewan Egg Producers

Saskatchewan Turkey Producers

Saskatchewan Broiler Hatching Egg Producers

Lilydale Foods Inc., a Sofina Foods Company.

Prairie Pride Natural Foods Ltd.

Dr. S. Gomis, Dept. of Veterinary Pathology, U of S

Dr. H.L. Classen, Dept. of Animal & Poultry Science, U of S

Prepared by:

Jocelyn Fournier

Jenny Fricke

10

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 11

II. GENERAL .................................................................................................... 11

2014 Saskatchewan Poultry Industry Conference 11

Presenta-ons and Newsle.ers 11

Par-cipa-on in Consulta-ve Processes 12

CanNAISS Program 13

Canadian Integrated Program for An-microbial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS) 13

Bird Submission 13

Infra-Red Camera 14

Emergency Response Planning 14

NSERC Industrial Research Chair in Poultry Nutri-on 14

Acknowledgements 15

III. BROILER HATCHING EGG PRODUCERS ........................................................ 15

Health Report 15

Inclusion Body Hepa--s 17

IV. CHICKEN PRODUCERS ................................................................................ 17

Health Report 17

Infec-ous Bursal Disease 20

Yolk Sac Infec-ons and Enterococcus 20

V. TURKEY PRODUCERS .................................................................................. 21

Health Report 21

VI. TABLE EGG PRODUCERS ............................................................................. 22

Health Report 22

NIR Technology 23

Salmonella Monitoring Program 24

VII. 2014 BUDGET REPORT .............................................................................. 25

REPORT OF THE POULTRY EXTENSION SERIVCE

January—December 2014

11

I. INTRODUCTION

The Saskatchewan Poultry Extension Service is funded by the four Saskatchewan Poultry Marke�ng Boards,

Lilydale and Prairie Pride Natural Foods. There are two service personnel: a poultry scien�st and a veteri-

narian. The University of Saskatchewan provides an office for each and access to university resources. Poli-

cies are established by the Saskatchewan Poultry Council on recommenda�ons by the Research and Exten-

sion Commi5ee. The service is supervised and administered by Drs. S. Gomis and H.L. Classen of the Univer-

sity of Saskatchewan.

Program Objec-ves:

1. Monitor industry performance.

2. Iden�fy and solve industry problems.

3. Inves�gate individual produc�on problems.

4. Communicate advances in poultry produc�on.

5. Act as a liaison to individuals supplying feed, medica�on and equipment to the poultry industry.

Personnel:

Jocelyn Fournier, Poultry Scien�st, (306) 966-6597

Jenny Fricke, Poultry Veterinarian, (306) 966-7300

II. GENERAL

2014 Saskatchewan Poultry Industry Conference

The 2014 Saskatchewan Poultry Industry Conference was held on March 12th

& 13th

at the Sheraton Cava-

lier. Poultry extension arranged for luncheon speaker, Leigh Rosengren, who presented “An�bio�c Stew-

ardship: Balancing public percep�on, regula�on and risk to make an�bio�c use decisions”. The Extension

update was done differently this year, with Dr. Jenny Fricke giving one presenta�on to all the conference

a5endees over lunch.

The 2013 Saskatchewan Egg Producer of the Year Award was presented at the conference banquet to Tom

Hofer from Arm River Farming Co. Ltd. Wayne Goodsman, who recently sold his turkey farm, was inducted

into the Saskatchewan Poultry Hall of Fame. Wayne leP the poultry industry aPer serving for 12 years on

both a provincial and na�onal level. APer the induc�on, a comical magician kept the crowd entertained.

Presenta�ons and Newsle�ers

Poultry Extension is available to write technical ar�cles for producer newsle5ers and mail-outs, as well as

make presenta�ons on topics of interest at producer mee�ngs.



12

The 2014 fall mee�ng for the Saskatchewan Egg Producers was held in Regina on October 14th

and

15th

. Three presenta�ons were made by Poultry Extension personnel: “Salmonella Monitoring Update and

Salmonella Vaccina�on?” presented by Dr. Fricke reviewed the annual Salmonella screening results and pro-

vided an introduc�on to vaccina�on for Salmonella control. Dr. Fricke also teamed up with Dr. Karen

Schwean-Lardner to tackle the topic of cull bird euthanasia, reviewing the importance of euthanizing poor-

doing birds, and appropriate methods to do so.

The Chicken Farmers of Saskatchewan held their fall producer mee�ng on October 28th

in Saskatoon. Poul-

try Extension a5ended the mee�ng to present “Lameness in Poultry”, a comprehensive review of different

diseases and condi�ons that result in lameness. In the aPernoon, SHEP and TFS producers arrived for a

workshop addressing barn moisture. Mike Czarick, a ven�la�on expert from the University of Georgia, dis-

cussed controlling barn moisture via management and opera�on of ven�la�on technology in the barn.

Stefan Bazelmans, represen�ng Agro Supply, discussed heat exchanger technology as a tool to assist in

maintenance of appropriate moisture levels in barn. Hank Classen (Factors influencing barn moisture lev-

els), Jenny Fricke (Moisture effects on bird produc�vity and health) and Jocelyn Fournier (Economics of con-

trolling barn moisture) gave presenta�ons as well.

Contribu�ons submi5ed for the 2014 Chicken Farmers of Saskatchewan newsle5ers included: CIPARS Sam-

pling info sheet (February); Explaining Enterococcus (June); and The ABC’s of C & D (October).

The Turkey Farmers of Saskatchewan requested Poultry Extension hold a euthanasia workshop for produc-

ers, which was arranged on December 2nd

at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine. A presenta�on,

“E. coli and Turkeys: It may end with E. coli but it doesn’t usually start there” was given prior to the training

session, as producers have been struggling with this disease issue. There was a brief overview of the goals

and reasons for euthanasia, aPer which, all a5endees changed into the WCVM pathology demonstra�on

room for training on approved euthanasia methods.

On June 10th

, a mee�ng was held for the NSERC Industrial Research Chair in Poultry Nutri�on. The morning

involved presenta�ons from IRC graduate students, keeping the industry informed of their research. The

aPernoon was exclusively extension work, with poultry related groups from across campus giving updates

on their research: Dr. Tom Sco5 with the Canadian Feed Research Centre; Dr. Brenda Allan with the Vaccine

and Infec�ous Disease Organiza�on; Shanika Kurukulasuriya discussing Infec�ous Bursal Disease; Catherine

Verme5e examining day length in turkey produc�on; Nileeka Irugalbandara presen�ng techniques to judge

feather moisture; and Megan DeVisser reviewing foot pad derma��s. Drs. Jenny Fricke and Karen Schwean

-Lardner were the key speakers with a presenta�on and demonstra�on on euthanasia.

Par�cipa�on in Consulta�ve Processes

Poultry Extension service personnel were invited to par�cipate in a number of consulta�ve mee�ngs and

provide input on documents important to the poultry industry.



13

Input was provided for the administra�ve sec�on of the Canadian Hatchery and Supply Flock Program

(ongoing). In addi�on, extension consulted with the Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture regarding the

Provincial No�fiable Animal Disease list and CFIA veterinary biologics regarding the import of IBV vaccine .

CanNAISS Program

CanNAISS is the Canadian No�fiable Avian Influenza Surveillance System developed by CFIA, government

and poultry industry representa�ves to meet current No�fiable Avian Influenza (NAI) guidelines from the

World Organiza�on for Animal Health (OIE) and new trade regula�ons of the European Union. This surveil-

lance program will also assist in preven�ng, detec�ng and elimina�ng the presence of H5 and H7 subtypes

of NAI in Canada's commercial poultry flocks. CFIA covers all costs associated with sample collec�on, sub-

mission and analysis.

In 2014, the Saskatchewan Poultry Extension Service was contracted by CFIA to collect blood samples from

thirteen turkey and five broiler breeder flocks. NAI virus was not detected in any flocks tested.

Canadian Integrated Program for An�microbial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS)

APer funding was approved by the Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture last year, the Chicken Farmers of

Saskatchewan agreed to support the Canadian Integrated Program for An�microbial Resistance Surveil-

lance (CIPARS). CIPARS is a federal government department of the Public Health Agency of Canada. The

purpose of this surveillance is to obtain farm data on an�microbial drug use and resistance for disease-

causing microorganisms harmful to humans, such as E. coli, Salmonella and Campylobacter; to inves�gate

associated trends at a na�onal and regional level; and to provide data for human health risk assessments.

Most importantly, the data will support science-based decisions by the chicken industry to reduce an�mi-

crobial resistance, and demonstrate a proac�ve response by the industry to the issue.

CIPARS sampling is conducted by poultry extension personnel and broiler farm par�cipa�on is voluntary.

Volunteer farms must be OFFSAP compliant, quota-holding opera�ons. Individual producer informa�on is

coded to maintain confiden�ality and anonymity, and prevent trace back. Sampling began in March 2014,

and to date, 7 farms have par�cipated: 4 sampled at placement and prior to slaughter, and 3 tested prior to

slaughter only. Two farms remain to be sampled pre-slaughter to complete the sampling period. The CI-

PARS contract has been renewed for 2015, and upon comple�on of the 2014 sample group, a second round

of sampling on the same volunteer farms will commence.

Bird Submission

At the end of 2013, updated bird submission forms were available for making bird submissions at Prairie

Diagnos�c Services (PDS) for examina�on by the poultry extension veterinarian. The updated form address-

es concerns regarding veterinarian-client confiden�ality and charges related to the cost of addi�onal

tes�ng, provided that the forms are filled out properly.

The poultry extension veterinarian performs gross necropsy as part of the extension service. Addi�onal rec-

ommended tes�ng is performed by PDS at a cost. The cost of addi�onal tes�ng will be the responsibility of

the producer, unless otherwise indicated in wri�ng on the submission form.



14

The revised form is available at PDS and an MSWord fillable form is also available from the board offices or

extension personnel if it is preferred to enter the required informa�on on computer. This form may also be

faxed, if required.

Infra-Red Camera

Poultry Extension has access to an infra-red camera for use in research and field applica�ons. Infra-red ther-

mography is a useful tool because it is non-contact, two-dimensional, and allows images of fast changing

thermal pa5erns to be captured in real-�me. Applica�ons for poultry producers may include ven�la�on,

equipment and insula�on assessments. Producers interested in acquiring thermal images of their barns and/

or equipment can schedule an appointment with Poultry Extension. Two appointment were made in 2014,

one looking at bedding op�ons and associated insula�ng capabili�es and a second examining ven�la�on.

Emergency Response Planning

The Saskatchewan Poultry Industry Emergency Management Team (SPIEMT) is comprised of representa�ves

from the Saskatchewan Egg Producers, Saskatchewan Broiler Hatching Egg Producers, Saskatchewan Turkey

Producers, Chicken Farmers of Saskatchewan, egg graders and processors, hatcheries, poultry meat proces-

sors, U of S poultry extension, feed industry, catching crews and Farm Animal Council of Saskatchewan

(FACS), as well as government partners, including the Canadian Food Inspec�on Agency (CFIA) and the Sas-

katchewan Ministry of Agriculture.

The SPIEMT manual had not been updated in a couple years. Extension and CFS met in September to update

contacts and web links. On December 15th

, the SPIEMT team met to review the manual content. The produc-

er manual will be rewri5en in spring 2015 by a group of volunteers from the commi5ee.

SPIEMT producer manuals are available from the board offices. The manuals include informa�on about re-

portable poultry disease symptoms and the procedures to follow if you suspect you have a reportable dis-

ease on your farm.

NSERC Industrial Research Chair in Poultry Nutri�on

Dr. Henry Classen was awarded an Industrial Research Chair (IRC) in Poultry Nutri�on by the Natural Sciences

and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). This pres�gious appointment includes a 5-year re-

search program which will focus on the efficient use of feed ingredients and feeding programs that enhance

poultry health while improving the quality and sustainability of poultry meat and egg produc�on.

Part of the NSERC IRC proposal involved a redirec�on of the poultry extension scien�st’s ac�vi�es towards

daily par�cipa�on in this research program. The new responsibili�es for the poultry extension scien�st in-

clude IRC project management and accoun�ng, liaising between industry sponsors and the research team,

communica�ng IRC progress and findings, and assis�ng with major data collec�on days.



15

The NSERC IRC sponsoring organiza�ons include the Chicken Farmers of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan Egg

Producers, Saskatchewan Turkey Producers’ Marke�ng Board, Saskatchewan Hatching Egg Producers’ Mar-

ke�ng Board, Sofina Foods Inc., Prairie Pride Natural Foods Ltd., Poultry Industry Council, Canadian Poultry

Research Council and Aviagen.

Acknowledgements

Poultry Extension would like to thank the poultry producers and processors who make themselves, their

facili�es and their birds available for educa�onal purposes. Students from the Western College of Veteri-

nary Medicine and the College of Agriculture and Bioresources at the University of Saskatchewan appreci-

ate the opportunity to learn first-hand about the Saskatchewan poultry industry. These student-industry

interac�ons are also an excellent opportunity to promote the poultry industry in this province and to en-

courage student interest in poultry-related employment aPer gradua�on.

Strict biosecurity protocols are followed for all on-farm visits. Addi�onally, a list of students in a5endance is

provided for the visitor log book at each farm.

III. BROILER HATCHING EGG PRODUCERS

Health Report

Seven producers reported 57 disease incidents, double the number of cases submi5ed last year. The fol-

lowing informa�on is based on cases submi5ed to the extension veterinarian for post mortem examina�on.

However, it should be noted the incidence of disease in the field may differ as not all disease cases are sub-

mi5ed for further examina�on and diagnos�c work up.

In 2014, 19% of submissions had no conclusive diagnosis due to the complexity of the produc�on and/or

disease issue. This sta�s�c is an improvement from last year and not due to inadequate sample size.

Bacterial sep�cemia accounted for 21% of cases. A variety of bacterial species were isolated from cases of

bacterial sep�cemia with E. coli the most common, followed by Staphylococcus aureus. In 12% of cases,

bacterial arthri�s was the primary diagnosis, predominantly due to Staphylococcus aureus. Both of these

pathogens, E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus, are regarded as opportunis�c pathogens and infec�on with

these bacteria is generally not the primary problem. With either case presenta�on, a breach in a protec�ve

barrier (such as the skin or gastrointes�nal tract), an increase in pathogen load, and/or a decrease in bird

resistance to disease are possible predisposing factors. In order to prevent and/or treat these cases, an in-

ves�ga�on into predisposing factors is required.

Coccidiosis and intussuscep�on together accounted for another 12% of the cases examined. Intussuscep-

�on is a condi�on where the intes�ne folds in on itself and, in severe cases, prolapses out the vent. In-

creased gut mo�lity (hypermo�lity) is associated with an increased risk for developing this condi�on. Nu-



16

merous factors contribute to increased gut mo�lity and occurrence of intussuscep�on in breeder flocks in-

cluding intes�nal parasi�sm, bacterial overgrowth and management of feeding/feed restric�on. In the cas-

es observed, significant coccidial parasi�sm of the ceca and the advent of feed restric�on coincided with

the occurrence of intussuscep�on. Treatment of this condi�on and the underlying factors can be difficult

and may require an integrated approach involving medica�on and temporary modifica�on of the feeding

program. Preven�ng the overlapping of risk factors is preferable to treatment of the disease, and requires

an understanding of coccidial cycling on farm rela�ve to condi�ons and management in the barn. Produc-

ers wishing to further understand these risks on their opera�on can contact the poultry extension veteri-

narian.

Intes�nal parasites (round worms and/or cecal worms) were observed in 10% of the cases as a secondary

diagnosis, an increase from the previous year. This finding is considered important as sick birds are gener-

ally a poor sample for the detec�on of intes�nal parasites, which will oPen abandon an ill host in favor of

finding a healthier subject. Therefore, the presence of worms detected on post mortem examina�on of

sick birds likely underes�mates the overall presence within a flock. Similarly, the absence of intes�nal para-

sites on post mortem examina�on does not mean that a flock is free of parasi�sm. The collec�on of fecal

samples for tes�ng (fecal flota�on) is recommended to be5er evaluate the parasite status of flocks if rou-

�ne de-worming programs are not in place.

In addi�on to intes�nal parasi�sm, one case of Histomoniasis occurred in 2014. Histomoniasis is a parasi�c

infec�on, also referred to as Blackhead, which affects the intes�ne and liver. The parasite, Histomonas

meleagridis, is spread by the cecal worm (Heterakis gallinarum), some species of earthworm and by infected

poultry species. Turkeys are generally more suscep�ble to this parasite than chickens and experience sig-

nificantly more mortality. The disease in broiler breeder flocks is oPen characterized by general depres-

sion, abnormal droppings and persistently increased mortality. Strict biosecurity prac�ces and rou�ne de-

worming programs help to prevent the occurrence of Histomoniasis.

Finally, Pasteurella multocida, the causa�ve agent of Fowl Cholera, was isolated in 2 cases (an increase

from last year) and suspected in a third case. All hatching egg flocks in the province are vaccinated against

this bacterial infec�on. Poor vaccine storage, handling, applica�on, increased disease challenge and/or fac-

tors affec�ng bird immunity can play a role in permiUng this pathogen to cause disease. The con�nued

detec�on of P. multocida on farms that are vaccina�ng has prompted further inves�ga�on and ongoing re-

view of vaccina�on prac�ces. With respect to monitoring Pasteurella multocida vaccina�on, it is important

to know successful vaccina�on cannot be evaluated by tes�ng serology samples. Instead, the vaccine site

must be examined 7 days post vaccina�on: successfully vaccinated birds should have a small bump present

in the wing web at the site of vaccina�on. The absence of a bump and/or blue discolora�on of feathers at

the injec�on site, are indicators of poor vaccina�on. Many farms have been using a wing web injec�on

gun designed for the applica�on of avian poxvirus vaccines, to apply this vaccine. Associated with the use

of this device are reports that the full number of doses provided are not dispensed. Further, when these

vaccinated flocks are examined, <50% have been found to have vaccine takes. These poor results are likely

due to the device used for applica�on and the process of applica�on (human error) as many birds have

blue dye present on the wing feathers.



17

All provincial breeder flocks are tested at 15-16 weeks, and again at 24 weeks, to ensure protec�on of par-

ents and progeny from several avian diseases. All breeder flocks were blood sampled to monitor vaccina-

�on effec�veness for infec�ous bursal disease (IBD), avian encephalomyeli�s (AE), Infec�ous Bronchi�s Vi-

rus (IBV), Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), Reovirus (REO) and Chicken Anemia Virus (CAV). The results indi-

cate good vaccina�on prac�ces in most flocks, however several flocks had to be re-vaccinated for AE. As a

reminder, the applica�on of AE vaccine occurs only once during the life�me of a flock (generally around 10-

12 weeks of age). Proper applica�on is cri�cal to prevent a flock from becoming exposed while in produc-

�on, which can result in catastrophic drops in egg produc�on. All flocks were also blood sampled to ensure

freedom from Mycoplasma gallisep�cum (MG) and Mycoplasma synoviae (MS). All flocks tested nega�ve

for MG and MS in 2014. Vaccina�on audi�ng, par�cularly for breast injec�ons, by poultry extension can be

requested. A random sample of pullets is examined to ensure the proper technique is being used and the

vaccine is being given in the correct area.

Inclusion Body Hepa��s

IBH outbreaks have caused significant mortality losses in broiler chicken flocks for the past 10 years. An effi-

cacious vaccine would prevent transmission of the virus from the egg to the broiler chick. Dr. Gomis and his

team of researchers are con�nuing their research raising breeders and doing various vaccine challenge

strategies to determine the best types of IBH virus, dosage and applica�on methods of two IBH vaccines

(live and inac�vated). An efficacy and field trial of IBH vaccine commenced in the fall of 2014 according to

the CFIA guidelines and data from these studies are essen�al in the commercializa�on process of the IBH

vaccine in Canada.

IV. CHICKEN PRODUCERS

HealthReport

FiPy-nine broiler producers reported 227 disease incidents in 2014. In the past, inclusion body hepa��s

(IBH), yolk sac infec�on (YSI) and E. coli infec�ons other than yolk sac infec�ons (colibacillosis) have jostled

for posi�on in the top three spots. This year, colibacillosis was the most common diagnosis accoun�ng for

35% of submissions. It should be noted that mixed bacterial species were isolated in a propor�on of these

cases, with E. coli as the primary isolate. Yolk sac infec�ons were the second most common diagnosis, ac-

coun�ng for 19% of cases. Similar to the Colibacillosis cases, E. coli was the predominant pathogen isolated

in cases of YSI, however in 40% of the cases, addi�onal bacterial species were also isolated. Bacterial lame-

ness (arthri�s, osteomyeli�s and/or osteoarthri�s) took third place, accoun�ng for 15% of cases, again

bea�ng out IBH at 1% of cases, for the second year in a row.



18

As with YSI and Colibacillosis cases, E. coli was the most common species isolated from cases of bacterial

lameness. The other most common bacterial species isolated was Enterococcus species. The isola�on of En-

terococcus species is emerging as an important cause of lameness and had not been cultured in Saskatche-

wan submissions prior to 2010. Over the last few years, Enterococcus species have been seen in a number of

cases involving both leg and vertebral joints. In 2014, Enterococcus cecorum and E. faecalis were the pre-

dominant species iden�fied. Generally, E. faecalis tended to be isolated from cases where birds were young-

er than 2 weeks of age, while E. cecorum tended to be isolated from cases where birds were older than 2

weeks. Cases where E. cecorum was isolated or suspected oPen had a characteris�c presenta�on: birds

were two weeks of age or older with the primary problem reported as increased culling for lameness. Birds

were oPen described as having a characteris�c ‘dog siUng’ posture or ‘kinky back’. This presenta�on is the

result of vertebral osteoarthri�s (VOA), infec�on and swelling of a specific backbone, which applies pressure

to the spinal cord and interferes with control of the legs. When considering treatment op�ons for infec�ons

where Enterococcus species have been iden�fied, know that Enterococcus species are inherently resistant to

certain an�microbials, including the sulfonamide category of an�microbials. Bacteriology lab reports do not

always take into considera�on ‘inherent resistance’ when a report is compiled, so a lab result can indicate

sensi�vity (‘S’) based on the lab test, when in reality and in the bird, this is not the case. If an�microbial treat-

ment of a flock suffering from lameness is to be considered, veterinary interpreta�on of laboratory results

and consulta�on is strongly recommended. Otherwise, the use of some an�microbials may be inadvertently

selec�ng for the survival of Enterococcus species.

Salmonella species were also isolated in 5% of submissions. Seven different strains of Salmonella were iden�-

fied in 2014, the most common being Salmonella Kentucky. Salmonella enteri�dis (SE) was isolated twice.

Comparison of % Cases of IBH, YSI and Colibacillosis



19

Other emerging categories of diagnos�c cases included tenosynovi�s (5%) and pericardi�s (6%). Tenosynovi-

�s is a term describing inflamma�on affec�ng the tendons, and the �ssues surrounding joints and tendons.

Inflamma�on in these loca�ons results in lameness as a clinical sign. Pericardi�s is a term describing inflam-

ma�on around the heart. Both of these terms are non-specific and can be the result of infec�on (bacterial,

viral) or trauma/injury.

The combined number of cases with lameness as a primary clinical sign (bacterial lameness and tenosynovi�s

cases) represented 20% of broiler cases in 2014. Cases of tenosynovi�s were different from bacterial lame-

ness cases in that bacteriology lab results were insignificant or inconclusive. Further microscopic examina-

�on in these cases also revealed inflammatory lesions characteris�c of viral infec�on. With this finding, the

suspicion turned to the possibility of reovirus infec�on causing arthri�s and tenosynovi�s, a phenomenon

already reported in other Canadian provinces. Reoviruses are common on poultry farms, however new

strains have emerged in Canada and are different from those we currently vaccinate against. As a result,

broilers in the field do not have protec�on and will develop symptoms of lameness and/or growth retarda-

�on if exposed to the new, novel strains of virus. Confirming the preliminary diagnosis of reovirus, arthri�s

or tenosynovi�s, can be challenging and oPen requires a combina�on of serology, histopathology

(microscopic examina�on) and virus isola�on/PCR. In 2014, there were 12 cases of suspected reovirus teno-

synovi�s. Five of these cases have been confirmed, 1 tested nega�ve and results are pending on the remain-

ing 6 cases.

During the same �me cases of tenosynovi�s were diagnosed, there was a corresponding increase in cases

submi5ed for inves�ga�on of high condemna�ons at processing. Ini�ally, the condemna�on reports related

to these cases were misleading as the condemna�on reported was airsacculi�s. Further inves�ga�on re-

vealed the primary lesion responsible for condemna�on was pericardi�s. Carcasses with this lesion are cate-

gorized according the Canadian Food Inspec�on Agency’s Meat and Poultry Products Manual of Procedures

(MOP) Chapter 19 (19.7.1), which indicates birds with pericardi�s lesions are reported in the airsacculi�s cat-

egory of condemna�on. The condemned carcasses in these cases had no evidence of airsacculi�s. Bacteriol-

ogy results were insignificant or inconclusive in most cases. Flock histories sigh�ng leg problems and poor

growth raised concern that reovirus may also be involved. This suspicion was supported on microscopic ex-

amina�on of heart �ssue, and what remained of tendon from the legs, whereby inflamma�on characteris�c

of viral infec�on was again observed in a propor�on of the cases. Eleven of the 19 condemna�on inves�ga-

�on cases were suspicious for reovirus infec�on. Five of these cases have been confirmed, while results are

pending on the remaining 6 cases.

In summary, the overall number of cases suspicious for reovirus infec�on in 2014 totaled 33, and to date, 10

have been confirmed posi�ve. The misleading condemna�on data and ini�al challenge in understanding the

condemna�on category serves as an important reminder that in any case where there are significantly in-

creased condemna�ons, it is cri�cal to examine condemned carcasses to properly inves�gate and understand

the problem. Poultry extension is available to inves�gate condemna�on cases when warranted, at the re-

quest of a producer and/or the processor.

Four cases of Rickets were diagnosed in 2014. Rickets is a condi�on that describes abnormal mineraliza�on

of bone, and typically results in bone weakness, which presents as lameness in birds. Rickets can be caused

by deficiencies in vitamin D, calcium or phosphorous, but can also be caused by an excess of any one of these



20

Infec�ous Bursal Disease

Dr. Susantha Gomis and his research team have previously iden�fied Infec�ous Bursal Disease (IBD) viruses

in 36% of Saskatchewan broiler farms. All of the IBD infected premises had “variant” IBD virus. Because Ca-

nadian IBD vaccines generally contain non-variant strains, control of IBD in these Saskatchewan broiler

barns has been compromised. Significant produc�on losses due to lower meat produc�on per square meter

of barn floor area, poorer feed conversion ra�o and higher morality were recorded from farms infected

with IBD virus. An effec�ve IBD preven�on and control program must include an effec�ve broiler breeder

parent vaccina�on program, proper clean-up and disinfec�on between flocks and control of traffic on broil-

er farms, and if necessary, an effec�ve broiler vaccina�on program.

Dr. Gomis and his team are in the early stages of developing a vaccine to control “variant” IBD infec�on in

broilers.

Yolk Sac Infec�ons and Enterococcus

As a result of the increasing trend in Enterococcus species isolated in cases of bacterial lameness, and in-

creased isola�on of this species from cases of YSI, Dr. Gomis and his team have ini�ated a research study,

rela�ve to the other. For example, too much vitamin D can also cause rickets. This condi�on can also be

secondary to other disease and condi�ons which impact feed intake as well as the absorp�on of nutrients

from the gut.

No cases of coccidiosis were submi5ed and only two cases of necro�c enteri�s were diagnosed.

The total annual outbreaks of IBH reported are shown in the chart below. The number of outbreaks has

been decreasing since 2010, and 2014 saw the fewest reported cases (2) since 2003.



21

“Enterococcus infec�ons of chickens”. The study will gather vital epidemiological surveillance data, which

is necessary for disease inves�ga�on and has implica�ons for preven�ve and control measures. The Chick-

en Farmers of Saskatchewan, NSERC and Agriculture Development Fund have funded this project and in-

ves�ga�on commenced in the fall of 2013 with a planned dura�on of 3 years.

V. TURKEY PRODUCERS

Health Report

Eleven turkey producers reported 41 disease incidents, a slight increase from 2013. Similar to previous

years, the most frequent diagnosis was E. coli bacterial infec�on other than yolk sac infec�on

(colibacillosis), which made up 61% of submissions. E. coli infec�ons are usually secondary to a primary

stressor such as changes in the barn environment and/or air quality, moving birds to the grower barn,

chilling, overhea�ng, or a disease challenge. Turkeys in par�cular are extremely suscep�ble to changes in

air quality, and condi�ons that are too moist can increase ammonia, while condi�ons that are too dry will

increase dust. Both of these condi�ons (high ammonia or dust) can result in damage to the respiratory

tract that increases the risk of E. coli infec�on. From a disease perspec�ve, while Hemorrhagic enteri�s

virus (HE) is a well-known disease risk factor for colibacillosis, there are other diseases that can affect tur-

key flocks and increase the risk of E. coli infec�on. These diseases include Bordatellosis or turkey coryza

caused by the bacteria Bordatella avium, ORT infec�on due to Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale and/or

viral respiratory infec�ons such as Newcastle disease. In past years there has been no serological (blood

sampling) surveillance of flocks for these diseases. Farms with repeated E. coli infec�on challenges are

encouraged to consider a serological survey to rule out the possible role of these diseases. A review of HE

status and/or farm vaccina�on protocols is also a worthy considera�on. In 2014, five farms opted to per-

form serology on at least one market age flock to rule out underlying disease factors. Two of these farms

had serological results that indicated an underlying disease challenge that could be addressed.

A second bacterial organism detected in 24% of cases was Salmonella species. The serovars isolated in

2014 included: typhimurium, saintpaul, hadar, johannesburg, ohio, and senPnberg. Regarding the isola-

�on of Salmonella species, it is important to know any treatment of Salmonella infected flocks will not

clear Salmonella infec�on. Treatment may also contribute to the development of an�bio�c resistance in

Salmonella species. Individuals working with a Salmonella posi�ve flock should ensure they are following

rou�ne procedures for hygiene and sanita�on. Salmonella can and does cause severe infec�on and ill-

ness in humans, and any young, old or immunocompromised individuals should not be permi5ed in the

barn. Contac�ng the processor to inform them of the flock Salmonella status is also recommended. This

no�fica�on permits arrangements to process Salmonella posi�ve flocks at the end of the day to minimize

cross contamina�on at the plant.

Other disease diagnoses worth no�ng were one case of coccidiosis, and one case of Erysipelas. The case

of coccidiosis is of importance because it occurred in a flock that was vaccinated against coccidiosis.

Based on intes�nal loca�on and microscopic appearance, the coccidial species suspected was Eimeria gal-

lopavonis, a species that is not currently contained in the only commercially available turkey coccidiosis

vaccine on the market. In addi�on, there was no mortality in the affected flock, only depressed weight

gain. In light of this informa�on and diagnosis, any turkey producers con�nuing to use coccidiosis vaccine



22

are urged to further inves�gate any depressions in growth rate to rule out the possibility of clinical coccidio-

sis.

Erysipelas is caused by a bacterial organism, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, which can be isolated from many

mammalian and avian species. Turkeys are especially suscep�ble to disease as a result of infec�on. This bac-

teria commonly enters and causes infec�on through breaks in the skin and results in sudden increased mor-

tality in affected flocks without causing obvious signs of infec�on or disease. Once a flock is infected, the

disease is easily spread when birds peck at each other and at dead birds. It is also important to know Erysipe-

las can cause skin infec�ons in people, especially in individuals with open wounds or cuts on their hands/

arms that are working directly with infected birds.

The second most common diagnosis was shared by necro�c enteri�s and dehydra�on, each comprising 7% of

submissions. Other diseases seen in turkey flocks in 2014 included aspergillosis and rickets.

VI. TABLE EGG PRODUCERS

Health Report

Nine producers reported 13 disease incidents. The following results are based on cases submi5ed to the ex-

tension veterinarian for post mortem examina�on. The most common complaint in commercial layer flocks

however is oPen not mortality, but rather relates to egg produc�on, quality, and/or size. It should be noted

the informa�on reported here is prone to submission bias; incidence of disease in the field may differ as not

all disease cases result in mortality that can be submi5ed for further examina�on and diagnos�c work.

The most frequent diagnosis was E. coli bacterial infec�on other than yolk sac infec�on (colibacillosis; sep�-

cemia, peritoni�s and/or salpingi�s), accoun�ng for 29% of cases. Other diseases and/or condi�ons reported

in layer flocks included one case of each of the following: coccidiosis, emacia�on, fa5y liver hemorrhagic syn-

drome, focal duodenal necrosis (FDN), pendulous crop, cannibalism, starveout and urolithiasis.

2014 was the first �me FDN was diagnosed in a Saskatchewan layer flock. Focal duodenal necrosis describes

an intes�nal disease syndrome that is poorly understood. This condi�on has been observed in all major ge-

ne�c lines of laying hens and was first diagnosed in Pennsylvania in 1997. Flocks affected with this condi�on

appear healthy and do not experience any abnormal increases in mortality rate. Some birds may have pale

appearing comb and wa5les, and more commonly, egg weights are reduced by up to 2.5 grams per egg.

Timely examina�on of freshly euthanized birds is cri�cal as the lesions associated with this condi�on are

quickly obscured in the intes�ne as a result of decomposi�on. FDN was the primary agenda item at one of

the Associa�on of Veterinarians in Egg Produc�on’s semi-annual mee�ngs held recently at the Interna�onal

Produc�on and Processing Exposi�on (IPPE). Research directed at be5er understanding this disease, its pre-

ven�on and treatment is ongoing. Poultry veterinarians are encouraged to work with producers to establish

a be5er es�mate of the prevalence of this condi�on throughout the egg layer industry. Poultry extension is

available to examine birds should your flock display any of the above men�oned symptoms.



23

NIR Technology

Near Infrared (NIR) is a region of the light spectrum where most organic compounds have defined reflectance

proper�es which are determined by the molecules and bonds that make up the compound. NIR technology

allows the characteris�cs of a compound to be quan�fied based on the way it reflects light in the NIR spec-

trum. Feed parameters that can be analyzed with NIR equipment include: moisture, protein, fat, fibre, starch,

and ash; and predic�on equa�ons can be established to es�mate amino acid content, such as lysine and me-

thionine, from protein measurements. Unfortunately, minerals such as calcium, phosphorous, and sodium

are inorganic compounds so the accuracy and reliability of these measurements using NIR technology is ques-

�onable.

The InfraXact™ NIR machine purchased by the Saskatchewan Egg Producers Growth Fund is housed in the U

of S poultry lab. Saskatchewan layer producers may improve the accuracy of milling ra�ons and feeding lay-

ing hens by op�mizing the use of feed ingredients and providing more consistent complete feeds. All egg pro-

ducers are encouraged to submit ingredient and feed samples on a regular basis.

Table 1 indicates the annual number of samples that have been analyzed. Table 2 shows the majority of the

total samples submi5ed are layer diets (79%), followed by ingredients (12.6%), pullet ra�ons (5.3%) and oth-

er samples (3.1%). The “Other” classifica�on includes supplements and broiler diets submi5ed by SEP mem-

bers.



24

Salmonella Monitoring Program

Environmental sampling for Salmonella species/serovars is now performed for each flock in the pullet, ear-

ly lay, and late produc�on periods. The number of late-produc�on flocks tes�ng posi�ve during the 2014

period was 32%, which was slightly lower than the previous four years. In 2014, 10 strains of salmonella

were reported, with S. kentucky, sen1enberg, and rissen being the most common serotypes. Fourteen per-

cent of posi�ve farms tested in the late produc�on period had more than one salmonella serotype isolat-

ed, which is fewer compared to 2013. The most frequent site of isola�on was from the egg belt (22%), fol-

lowed by the floors (13%) and fans (7%). Salmonella Enteri�dis (SE) was not isolated from any produc�on

site in 2014, marking this as the first �me in 9 years SE had not been isolated from commercial flocks.

Of the pullet and early lay flocks sampled, 31% of the pullets and 53% of the early lay flocks were posi�ve

for salmonella. Salmonella screening results are generally available within one week of submission. Howev-

er, if any of the loca�ons tested on a farm are posi�ve, an addi�onal Poly D test is performed before the

samples are sent to the Reference Laboratory for serotyping. If the Poly D test is nega�ve, the likelihood of

iden�fying Salmonella Enteri�dis is negligible. At the Reference Laboratory, iden�fying salmonella sero-

types can take up to two months. Memos containing nega�ve and posi�ve screening results are now dis-

tributed by the board office.



25

VII. 2014 BUDGET REPORT



26

Saskatchewan Chicken Industry Development Fund Report for 2014

This past year the Saskatchewan Chicken Industry Development Fund (SCIDF) has provided total funding in the

amount of $386,431. This amount included $332,435 specifically to research projects and U of S Poultry Extension

funding. The remaining funding went to promo�onal projects and scholarships. This funding con�nues to pave the

way for the future of the Saskatchewan and Canadian chicken industry providing well needed research and promo-

�onal ac�vi�es.

Research Projects Con�nuing into 2015

1. Dr. Classen – NSERC Chair Posi�on, $450,000 over five years.

2. Dr. Crowe – Inves�ga�ng Methods of Assessing Bird Wetness as a Means to Determine Fitness for Transporta-

�on, $25,350.

3. Dr. Dar - Improvement of vaccine against inclusion body hepa��s in chickens through development of a new in-

ovo vaccine delivery plaZorm, $40,000.

4. Dr. Dar - Interference of maternal immunity and Marek’s disease vaccine in performance of newly develop

inclusion body hepa��s vaccines, $22,000.

5. Dr. Dar - Inves�ga�ons into yolk sac infec�on and its non-an�bio�cs based control in broilers in Saskatchewan,

$75,000.

6. Dr. Gomis - Delivery of immunos�mulatory oligodeoxynucleo�des containing CpG mo�fs to broiler chick-

ens as an alterna�ve to an�bio�cs, $120,000.

7. Dr. Gomis- IBH Vaccine Trials, $35,000.

8. Dr. Gomis- Incidence, pathogenesis and control measures of Enterococcus infec�ons in chicken embryos and

neonatal broiler chickens, $81,300, with add on of ‘Emerging Reovirus Infec�on’ project, $8700

9. Dr. Gomis- Preven�on of Inclusion Body Hepa��s (IBH) in the Broiler Chicken Industry in Saskatchewan: Op�-

mizing a Live Fowl Adenoviral Vaccine, $81,300.

Promo�onal and Ongoing Projects/Ac�vi�es

1. Farm Animal Council of Saskatchewan, annual support $20,000 (last year will be 2014).

2. Farm and Food Care Saskatchewan, annual support $20,000.

3. University of Saskatchewan Poultry Extension Program, annual expenditure $60,991.

4. Agriculture in the Classroom, annual support $20,000.

5. University of Saskatchewan scholarships, $10,000.

6. Oilseeds Classic Golf Tournament, $2000.

7. Saskatoon Food Bank, Christmas food hamper dona�on for chickens, $6719.

8. Climate Controlled Trailer – Prairie Pride Natural Foods, $65,000.

9. Canadian Veterinary Medicine Associa�on Symposium, $1000.

10. Agriculture Society Mobile Display, $7500.

27

If you have any ques�ons about the opera�on of SCIDF feel free to contact our office.

Yours truly,

Clinton Monchuk

SCIDF BUDGET 2015

2015

INCOME Budget

Levy Income $144,250

Investment Income (5.5% return) $396,000

Other Income $0

Total $540,250

EXPENSES

Research Funding Commitments for 2015 $231,293

Climate Controlled Trailer Project $65,000

Expected New Research Projects $30,000

Expected New Promo�onal Events/Projects $30,000

U of S Poultry Extension $60,990

Farm and Food Care Saskatchewan $20,000

Agriculture in the Classroom - Membership and Cooking Contest $20,000

Saskatoon Food Bank - Christmas Food Hamper Program $8,000

Scholarship $6,000

Fund Management Fee $55,000

Audit Fees $5,000

Commi5ee Members Per Diems and S�pends $20,000

Commi5ee Member Travel and Meal Expenses $4,000

Total $555,283

Surplus (Deficit) ($15,033)

28

Chicken Farmers of Saskatchewan 2015 Budget

2015 2014

Budget Budget

INCOME

Board Levies Total $ 975,130 $ 896,000

Less CFC Levies $ 305,810 $ 246,400

Net CFS Levies $ 669,320 $ 649,600

Monetary Enforcement $ - $ -

Quota Transfer Fee $ 5,000 $ 5,000

Bank Interest $ 3,000 $ 3,000

Rental Revenue - Office Space (BHE) $ 10,000 $ 11,000

BHE Revenue - Other $ 3,000 $ 3,200

Administra-on Revenue $ 52,093 $ 47,250

License Income $ 17,000 $ 15,050

Other Income $ 25,000 $ 30,000

Total $ 784,413 $ 764,100

EXPENSES

Administra-on Salary $ 346,000 $ 326,000

Administra-on Benefits (group ins,pension,cpp,ei,WCB) $ 62,000 $ 60,000

Adver-sing & Promo-on (Dona-ons): $ 32,000 $ 36,500

Amor-za-on: $ 13,000 $ 15,000

Audit Fees $ 9,500 $ 9,500

Legal Fees $ 6,000 $ 6,000

Bank Charges: $ 3,000 $ 3,000

Computer (program & hardware): $ 35,000 $ 26,000

Director Per Diem/Comm & Stat Expense $ 90,000 $ 86,000

Director Travel & Meals $ 47,000 $ 45,000

Insurance $ 12,000 $ 11,000

Janitor $ 3,000 $ 2,700

Repairs/Maintenance/Security $ 1,500 $ 1,500

OFFSAP: $ 22,000 $ 20,000

Outside Services: $ 1,500 $ 1,500

Management Expense $ 26,000 $ 26,000

Mee-ng Expense $ 35,000 $ 35,000

Office Supplies & Equipment $ 15,000 $ 14,000

Postage $ 4,000 $ 4,000

Building Rent/Condo Fees $ 4,500 $ 4,300

Building Property Taxes $ 3,500 $ 3,500

Subscrip-ons/Memberships $ 2,500 $ 2,500

Miscellaneous: $ 1,000 $ 1,000

Telephone/Internet/U-li-es: $ 11,500 $ 11,500

Training $ 22,000 $ 12,000

Total $ 808,500 $ 763,500

Surplus (Deficit) $ (24,087) $ 600

29

Notes

224 Pacific Ave , Suite 201

Saskatoon, Sk. S7K 1N9

Phone: (306) 242-3611 Fax: (306)242-3286

www.saskatchewanchicken.ca

chicken farmers of saskatchewanpublications.gov.sk.ca/documents/20/94322-chicken.pdf · 2015...

Documents