Chemical Reaction Chemical Reaction TypesTypes

5 Reaction Types5 Reaction Types

SynthesisDecompositionCombustionSingle ReplacementDouble Replacement

Synthesis ReactionsSynthesis Reactions

Two substances react to form a single product.

X + Y XY

Simple compounds make more complex ones.

Decomposition Decomposition ReactionsReactions

A single reactant decomposes or breaks down into two or more products.

A B + C(decomposition of a metal chlorate or metal carbonate are the most common)

More complex compounds make less

complex ones.

Combustion ReactionsCombustion Reactions

One reactant (fuel) combines with oxygen to produce an oxide and water.

Fuel + O2 oxide + H2O

The substance reacts with O2 in an exothermic

reaction.

Two Types of Two Types of Combustion ReactionsCombustion Reactions

Incomplete combustion:CxHy + 02 CO + H20

Complete Combustion:CxHy + O2 CO2 + H2O

Single Replacement Single Replacement ReactionsReactions

One, more reactive element, replaces another.

M + AX MX + A

One atom takes the place of another.

Two Types of Single Two Types of Single Replacement ReactionsReplacement Reactions

Single Replacement of a Halogen:Z2 + AX AZ + X2

Single Replacement of a Metal:M + AX MX + A

HINT: LOOK AT 1ST REACTANT!!

Double Replacement Double Replacement ReactionsReactions

A reaction in which the cations and anions of both reactants switch partners.

AX + DZ AZ + DX

Two atoms trade places.

Activity SeriesActivity Series

A list of elements in order of their chemical reactivity and are useful I predicting whether a chemical reaction will occur.– For metals- greater activity means an

ability to lose electrons easily.– For non-metals- greater activity means

an ability to gain electrons easily.

Activity of MetalsActivity of Metals Using the activity series shown

in Table 8-3, predict whether each of the possible reactions listed below will occur.

a. Cr(s) + H20(l)

b. Pt(s) + 02(g)c. Cd(s) + 2HBrd. Mg(s) + steam

Reaction Type ReviewReaction Type Review

Simple compounds make Simple compounds make more complex ones.more complex ones.

One atom takes the place of another.

More complex More complex compounds make less compounds make less

complex ones.complex ones.

Two atoms trade places.

The substance reacts The substance reacts with Owith O22 in an in an

exothermic reaction.exothermic reaction.

The End