chem 11. history russian scientist dmitri mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. mid...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chem 11Chem 11
![Page 2: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
History• Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught
chemistry in terms of properties.
• Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known.
• Wrote down the elements in order of increasing mass.
• Found a pattern of repeating properties.
![Page 3: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Mendeleev’s Table• Grouped elements in columns by similar
properties in order of increasing atomic mass.
• Found some inconsistencies - felt that the properties were more important than the mass, so switched order.
• Found some gaps.• Must be undiscovered elements.• Predicted their properties before they were
found.
![Page 4: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The modern table• Elements are still grouped by properties.
• Similar properties are in the same column.
• Order is in increasing atomic number.
• Added a column of elements Mendeleev didn’t know about.
• The noble gases weren’t found because they didn’t react with anything.
![Page 5: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Horizontal rows are called periods
• There are 7 periods
![Page 6: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Vertical columns are called groups.
• Elements are placed in columns by similar properties.
• Also called families
![Page 7: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Similarities
• Groups: vertical columns – Have similar properties because they have
same number of electrons in outer shell
![Page 8: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
1A
2A 3A 4A 5A 6A7A
8A
• The elements in the A groups are called the representative elements
![Page 9: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The group B are called the transition metals
These are called the inner transition elements and they belong here
![Page 10: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Group 1 are the alkali metals
• Group 2 are the alkaline earth metals
![Page 11: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• Group 7A is called the Halogens
• Group 8A are the noble gases
![Page 12: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Metals: To the left of the staircase line
• Physical Properties:Luster (shiny)Good conductorsHigh densityHigh melting pointMalleable
• Chemical Properties:
Easily lose electronsCorrode easily (ex:
rusting or tarnishing)Low
electronegativity
![Page 13: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Non metals: to the right of the staircase line
• Physical Properties:DullPoor conductorBrittleNot malleableLow density and
melting point
• Chemical Properties:Tend to gain electronsHigh electronegativity
![Page 15: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Metalloids: along the staircase line
• Solids• Shiny or dull• Malleable• Conduct heat and
electricity better than non metal but not as well as metals
![Page 16: Chem 11. History Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev taught chemistry in terms of properties. Mid 1800 - molar masses of elements were known. Wrote down](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5697bf931a28abf838c8fd93/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Colour your periodic table
• Draw the staircase in with a dark line• Put the group numbers (A and B) at the top of
each group• Metals = 1st color• Metalloids = 2nd color • Non-metals = 3rd color
*Periodic table in the back of the book is colored this way!